Merge branch 'for-next' into for-linus

author: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de> 2021-07-01 08:34:15 +0200
committer: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de> 2021-07-01 08:34:15 +0200
commit: 498386d1c4d98a72db7a2f51473593ad563b45ae (patch)
tree: f94e6b211b9a50106e6e047cd992ae3e209ef007 /sound
parent: 5c6d4f97267f02f47acea8a652265348ec12de51 (diff)
parent: dfc2e8ae4066a95c7f9c2bb2dfa26651feaa6b83 (diff)
295 files changed, 10415 insertions, 5976 deletions
diff --git a/sound/ac97/bus.c b/sound/ac97/bus.c
index d9077e91382b..6ddf646cda65 100644
--- a/sound/ac97/bus.c
+++ b/sound/ac97/bus.c
@@ -520,7 +520,7 @@ static int ac97_bus_remove(struct device *dev)
 	struct ac97_codec_driver *adrv = to_ac97_driver(dev->driver);
 	int ret;
 
-	ret = pm_runtime_get_sync(dev);
+	ret = pm_runtime_resume_and_get(dev);
 	if (ret < 0)
 		return ret;
 
diff --git a/sound/aoa/soundbus/i2sbus/pcm.c b/sound/aoa/soundbus/i2sbus/pcm.c
index 1c8e8131a716..a9e502a6cdeb 100644
--- a/sound/aoa/soundbus/i2sbus/pcm.c
+++ b/sound/aoa/soundbus/i2sbus/pcm.c
@@ -918,10 +918,8 @@ i2sbus_attach_codec(struct soundbus_dev *dev, struct snd_card *card,
 	}
 
 	cii = kzalloc(sizeof(struct codec_info_item), GFP_KERNEL);
-	if (!cii) {
-		printk(KERN_DEBUG "i2sbus: failed to allocate cii\n");
+	if (!cii)
 		return -ENOMEM;
-	}
 
 	/* use the private data to point to the codec info */
 	cii->sdev = soundbus_dev_get(dev);
diff --git a/sound/arm/pxa2xx-ac97.c b/sound/arm/pxa2xx-ac97.c
index 6322e6392594..a67e6685b00c 100644
--- a/sound/arm/pxa2xx-ac97.c
+++ b/sound/arm/pxa2xx-ac97.c
@@ -47,9 +47,7 @@ static unsigned short pxa2xx_ac97_legacy_read(struct snd_ac97 *ac97,
 static void pxa2xx_ac97_legacy_write(struct snd_ac97 *ac97,
 				     unsigned short reg, unsigned short val)
 {
-	int __always_unused ret;
-
-	ret = pxa2xx_ac97_write(ac97->num, reg, val);
+	pxa2xx_ac97_write(ac97->num, reg, val);
 }
 
 static const struct snd_ac97_bus_ops pxa2xx_ac97_ops = {
diff --git a/sound/core/control.c b/sound/core/control.c
index 498e3701514a..a25c0d64d104 100644
--- a/sound/core/control.c
+++ b/sound/core/control.c
@@ -995,7 +995,10 @@ static int __snd_ctl_elem_info(struct snd_card *card,
 #ifdef CONFIG_SND_DEBUG
 	info->access = 0;
 #endif
-	result = kctl->info(kctl, info);
+	result = snd_power_ref_and_wait(card);
+	if (!result)
+		result = kctl->info(kctl, info);
+	snd_power_unref(card);
 	if (result >= 0) {
 		snd_BUG_ON(info->access);
 		index_offset = snd_ctl_get_ioff(kctl, &info->id);
@@ -1042,9 +1045,6 @@ static int snd_ctl_elem_info_user(struct snd_ctl_file *ctl,
 
 	if (copy_from_user(&info, _info, sizeof(info)))
 		return -EFAULT;
-	result = snd_power_wait(ctl->card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0);
-	if (result < 0)
-		return result;
 	result = snd_ctl_elem_info(ctl, &info);
 	if (result < 0)
 		return result;
@@ -1088,7 +1088,10 @@ static int snd_ctl_elem_read(struct snd_card *card,
 
 	if (!snd_ctl_skip_validation(&info))
 		fill_remaining_elem_value(control, &info, pattern);
-	ret = kctl->get(kctl, control);
+	ret = snd_power_ref_and_wait(card);
+	if (!ret)
+		ret = kctl->get(kctl, control);
+	snd_power_unref(card);
 	if (ret < 0)
 		return ret;
 	if (!snd_ctl_skip_validation(&info) &&
@@ -1113,10 +1116,6 @@ static int snd_ctl_elem_read_user(struct snd_card *card,
 	if (IS_ERR(control))
 		return PTR_ERR(control);
 
-	result = snd_power_wait(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0);
-	if (result < 0)
-		goto error;
-
 	down_read(&card->controls_rwsem);
 	result = snd_ctl_elem_read(card, control);
 	up_read(&card->controls_rwsem);
@@ -1154,7 +1153,10 @@ static int snd_ctl_elem_write(struct snd_card *card, struct snd_ctl_file *file,
 	}
 
 	snd_ctl_build_ioff(&control->id, kctl, index_offset);
-	result = kctl->put(kctl, control);
+	result = snd_power_ref_and_wait(card);
+	if (!result)
+		result = kctl->put(kctl, control);
+	snd_power_unref(card);
 	if (result < 0) {
 		up_write(&card->controls_rwsem);
 		return result;
@@ -1183,10 +1185,6 @@ static int snd_ctl_elem_write_user(struct snd_ctl_file *file,
 		return PTR_ERR(control);
 
 	card = file->card;
-	result = snd_power_wait(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0);
-	if (result < 0)
-		goto error;
-
 	result = snd_ctl_elem_write(card, file, control);
 	if (result < 0)
 		goto error;
@@ -1669,7 +1667,7 @@ static int call_tlv_handler(struct snd_ctl_file *file, int op_flag,
 		{SNDRV_CTL_TLV_OP_CMD,   SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_TLV_COMMAND},
 	};
 	struct snd_kcontrol_volatile *vd = &kctl->vd[snd_ctl_get_ioff(kctl, id)];
-	int i;
+	int i, ret;
 
 	/* Check support of the request for this element. */
 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(pairs); ++i) {
@@ -1687,7 +1685,11 @@ static int call_tlv_handler(struct snd_ctl_file *file, int op_flag,
 	    vd->owner != NULL && vd->owner != file)
 		return -EPERM;
 
-	return kctl->tlv.c(kctl, op_flag, size, buf);
+	ret = snd_power_ref_and_wait(file->card);
+	if (!ret)
+		ret = kctl->tlv.c(kctl, op_flag, size, buf);
+	snd_power_unref(file->card);
+	return ret;
 }
 
 static int read_tlv_buf(struct snd_kcontrol *kctl, struct snd_ctl_elem_id *id,
@@ -1815,11 +1817,7 @@ static long snd_ctl_ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg
 	case SNDRV_CTL_IOCTL_POWER:
 		return -ENOPROTOOPT;
 	case SNDRV_CTL_IOCTL_POWER_STATE:
-#ifdef CONFIG_PM
-		return put_user(card->power_state, ip) ? -EFAULT : 0;
-#else
 		return put_user(SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0, ip) ? -EFAULT : 0;
-#endif
 	}
 	down_read(&snd_ioctl_rwsem);
 	list_for_each_entry(p, &snd_control_ioctls, list) {
diff --git a/sound/core/control_compat.c b/sound/core/control_compat.c
index 1d708aab9c98..470dabc60aa0 100644
--- a/sound/core/control_compat.c
+++ b/sound/core/control_compat.c
@@ -96,9 +96,6 @@ static int snd_ctl_elem_info_compat(struct snd_ctl_file *ctl,
 	if (get_user(data->value.enumerated.item, &data32->value.enumerated.item))
 		goto error;
 
-	err = snd_power_wait(ctl->card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0);
-	if (err < 0)
-		goto error;
 	err = snd_ctl_elem_info(ctl, data);
 	if (err < 0)
 		goto error;
@@ -187,7 +184,10 @@ static int get_ctl_type(struct snd_card *card, struct snd_ctl_elem_id *id,
 		return -ENOMEM;
 	}
 	info->id = *id;
-	err = kctl->info(kctl, info);
+	err = snd_power_ref_and_wait(card);
+	if (!err)
+		err = kctl->info(kctl, info);
+	snd_power_unref(card);
 	up_read(&card->controls_rwsem);
 	if (err >= 0) {
 		err = info->type;
@@ -298,9 +298,6 @@ static int ctl_elem_read_user(struct snd_card *card,
 	if (err < 0)
 		goto error;
 
-	err = snd_power_wait(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0);
-	if (err < 0)
-		goto error;
 	err = snd_ctl_elem_read(card, data);
 	if (err < 0)
 		goto error;
@@ -326,9 +323,6 @@ static int ctl_elem_write_user(struct snd_ctl_file *file,
 	if (err < 0)
 		goto error;
 
-	err = snd_power_wait(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0);
-	if (err < 0)
-		goto error;
 	err = snd_ctl_elem_write(card, file, data);
 	if (err < 0)
 		goto error;
diff --git a/sound/core/control_led.c b/sound/core/control_led.c
index a90e31dbde61..764058cc345d 100644
--- a/sound/core/control_led.c
+++ b/sound/core/control_led.c
@@ -393,11 +393,11 @@ static void snd_ctl_led_dev_release(struct device *dev)
  * sysfs
  */
 
-static ssize_t show_mode(struct device *dev,
+static ssize_t mode_show(struct device *dev,
 			 struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
 {
 	struct snd_ctl_led *led = container_of(dev, struct snd_ctl_led, dev);
-	const char *str;
+	const char *str = NULL;
 
 	switch (led->mode) {
 	case MODE_FOLLOW_MUTE:	str = "follow-mute"; break;
@@ -408,7 +408,8 @@ static ssize_t show_mode(struct device *dev,
 	return sprintf(buf, "%s\n", str);
 }
 
-static ssize_t store_mode(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
+static ssize_t mode_store(struct device *dev,
+			  struct device_attribute *attr,
 			  const char *buf, size_t count)
 {
 	struct snd_ctl_led *led = container_of(dev, struct snd_ctl_led, dev);
@@ -437,7 +438,7 @@ static ssize_t store_mode(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
 	return count;
 }
 
-static ssize_t show_brightness(struct device *dev,
+static ssize_t brightness_show(struct device *dev,
 			       struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
 {
 	struct snd_ctl_led *led = container_of(dev, struct snd_ctl_led, dev);
@@ -445,8 +446,8 @@ static ssize_t show_brightness(struct device *dev,
 	return sprintf(buf, "%u\n", ledtrig_audio_get(led->trigger_type));
 }
 
-static DEVICE_ATTR(mode, 0644, show_mode, store_mode);
-static DEVICE_ATTR(brightness, 0444, show_brightness, NULL);
+static DEVICE_ATTR_RW(mode);
+static DEVICE_ATTR_RO(brightness);
 
 static struct attribute *snd_ctl_led_dev_attrs[] = {
 	&dev_attr_mode.attr,
@@ -580,22 +581,25 @@ static ssize_t set_led_id(struct snd_ctl_led_card *led_card, const char *buf, si
 	return count;
 }
 
-static ssize_t parse_attach(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
+static ssize_t attach_store(struct device *dev,
+			    struct device_attribute *attr,
 			    const char *buf, size_t count)
 {
 	struct snd_ctl_led_card *led_card = container_of(dev, struct snd_ctl_led_card, dev);
 	return set_led_id(led_card, buf, count, true);
 }
 
-static ssize_t parse_detach(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
+static ssize_t detach_store(struct device *dev,
+			    struct device_attribute *attr,
 			    const char *buf, size_t count)
 {
 	struct snd_ctl_led_card *led_card = container_of(dev, struct snd_ctl_led_card, dev);
 	return set_led_id(led_card, buf, count, false);
 }
 
-static ssize_t ctl_reset(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
-			 const char *buf, size_t count)
+static ssize_t reset_store(struct device *dev,
+			   struct device_attribute *attr,
+			   const char *buf, size_t count)
 {
 	struct snd_ctl_led_card *led_card = container_of(dev, struct snd_ctl_led_card, dev);
 	int err;
@@ -608,8 +612,8 @@ static ssize_t ctl_reset(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
 	return count;
 }
 
-static ssize_t ctl_list(struct device *dev,
-			struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
+static ssize_t list_show(struct device *dev,
+			 struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
 {
 	struct snd_ctl_led_card *led_card = container_of(dev, struct snd_ctl_led_card, dev);
 	struct snd_card *card;
@@ -642,10 +646,10 @@ static ssize_t ctl_list(struct device *dev,
 	return buf2 - buf;
 }
 
-static DEVICE_ATTR(attach, 0200, NULL, parse_attach);
-static DEVICE_ATTR(detach, 0200, NULL, parse_detach);
-static DEVICE_ATTR(reset, 0200, NULL, ctl_reset);
-static DEVICE_ATTR(list, 0444, ctl_list, NULL);
+static DEVICE_ATTR_WO(attach);
+static DEVICE_ATTR_WO(detach);
+static DEVICE_ATTR_WO(reset);
+static DEVICE_ATTR_RO(list);
 
 static struct attribute *snd_ctl_led_card_attrs[] = {
 	&dev_attr_attach.attr,
diff --git a/sound/core/hwdep.c b/sound/core/hwdep.c
index 264b8ea64bc2..e95fa275c289 100644
--- a/sound/core/hwdep.c
+++ b/sound/core/hwdep.c
@@ -195,7 +195,8 @@ static int snd_hwdep_dsp_status(struct snd_hwdep *hw,
 		return -ENXIO;
 	memset(&info, 0, sizeof(info));
 	info.dsp_loaded = hw->dsp_loaded;
-	if ((err = hw->ops.dsp_status(hw, &info)) < 0)
+	err = hw->ops.dsp_status(hw, &info);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	if (copy_to_user(_info, &info, sizeof(info)))
 		return -EFAULT;
@@ -500,7 +501,8 @@ static void __init snd_hwdep_proc_init(void)
 {
 	struct snd_info_entry *entry;
 
-	if ((entry = snd_info_create_module_entry(THIS_MODULE, "hwdep", NULL)) != NULL) {
+	entry = snd_info_create_module_entry(THIS_MODULE, "hwdep", NULL);
+	if (entry) {
 		entry->c.text.read = snd_hwdep_proc_read;
 		if (snd_info_register(entry) < 0) {
 			snd_info_free_entry(entry);
diff --git a/sound/core/info_oss.c b/sound/core/info_oss.c
index 83900485dd8c..1ba887c7954e 100644
--- a/sound/core/info_oss.c
+++ b/sound/core/info_oss.c
@@ -31,7 +31,8 @@ int snd_oss_info_register(int dev, int num, char *string)
 		return -ENXIO;
 	mutex_lock(&strings);
 	if (string == NULL) {
-		if ((x = snd_sndstat_strings[num][dev]) != NULL) {
+		x = snd_sndstat_strings[num][dev];
+		if (x) {
 			kfree(x);
 			x = NULL;
 		}
diff --git a/sound/core/init.c b/sound/core/init.c
index ef41f5b3a240..1490568efdb0 100644
--- a/sound/core/init.c
+++ b/sound/core/init.c
@@ -220,6 +220,8 @@ int snd_card_new(struct device *parent, int idx, const char *xid,
 	mutex_init(&card->memory_mutex);
 #ifdef CONFIG_PM
 	init_waitqueue_head(&card->power_sleep);
+	init_waitqueue_head(&card->power_ref_sleep);
+	atomic_set(&card->power_ref, 0);
 #endif
 	init_waitqueue_head(&card->remove_sleep);
 	card->sync_irq = -1;
@@ -442,6 +444,7 @@ int snd_card_disconnect(struct snd_card *card)
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_PM
 	wake_up(&card->power_sleep);
+	snd_power_sync_ref(card);
 #endif
 	return 0;	
 }
@@ -662,17 +665,15 @@ void snd_card_set_id(struct snd_card *card, const char *nid)
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_card_set_id);
 
-static ssize_t
-card_id_show_attr(struct device *dev,
-		  struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
+static ssize_t id_show(struct device *dev,
+		       struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
 {
 	struct snd_card *card = container_of(dev, struct snd_card, card_dev);
 	return scnprintf(buf, PAGE_SIZE, "%s\n", card->id);
 }
 
-static ssize_t
-card_id_store_attr(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
-		   const char *buf, size_t count)
+static ssize_t id_store(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
+			const char *buf, size_t count)
 {
 	struct snd_card *card = container_of(dev, struct snd_card, card_dev);
 	char buf1[sizeof(card->id)];
@@ -700,17 +701,16 @@ card_id_store_attr(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
 	return count;
 }
 
-static DEVICE_ATTR(id, 0644, card_id_show_attr, card_id_store_attr);
+static DEVICE_ATTR_RW(id);
 
-static ssize_t
-card_number_show_attr(struct device *dev,
-		     struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
+static ssize_t number_show(struct device *dev,
+			   struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
 {
 	struct snd_card *card = container_of(dev, struct snd_card, card_dev);
 	return scnprintf(buf, PAGE_SIZE, "%i\n", card->number);
 }
 
-static DEVICE_ATTR(number, 0444, card_number_show_attr, NULL);
+static DEVICE_ATTR_RO(number);
 
 static struct attribute *card_dev_attrs[] = {
 	&dev_attr_id.attr,
@@ -770,7 +770,8 @@ int snd_card_register(struct snd_card *card)
 		card->registered = true;
 	}
 
-	if ((err = snd_device_register_all(card)) < 0)
+	err = snd_device_register_all(card);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	mutex_lock(&snd_card_mutex);
 	if (snd_cards[card->number]) {
@@ -813,7 +814,8 @@ static void snd_card_info_read(struct snd_info_entry *entry,
 
 	for (idx = count = 0; idx < SNDRV_CARDS; idx++) {
 		mutex_lock(&snd_card_mutex);
-		if ((card = snd_cards[idx]) != NULL) {
+		card = snd_cards[idx];
+		if (card) {
 			count++;
 			snd_iprintf(buffer, "%2i [%-15s]: %s - %s\n",
 					idx,
@@ -837,7 +839,8 @@ void snd_card_info_read_oss(struct snd_info_buffer *buffer)
 
 	for (idx = count = 0; idx < SNDRV_CARDS; idx++) {
 		mutex_lock(&snd_card_mutex);
-		if ((card = snd_cards[idx]) != NULL) {
+		card = snd_cards[idx];
+		if (card) {
 			count++;
 			snd_iprintf(buffer, "%s\n", card->longname);
 		}
@@ -859,7 +862,8 @@ static void snd_card_module_info_read(struct snd_info_entry *entry,
 
 	for (idx = 0; idx < SNDRV_CARDS; idx++) {
 		mutex_lock(&snd_card_mutex);
-		if ((card = snd_cards[idx]) != NULL)
+		card = snd_cards[idx];
+		if (card)
 			snd_iprintf(buffer, "%2i %s\n",
 				    idx, card->module->name);
 		mutex_unlock(&snd_card_mutex);
@@ -1002,21 +1006,28 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_card_file_remove);
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_PM
 /**
- *  snd_power_wait - wait until the power-state is changed.
- *  @card: soundcard structure
- *  @power_state: expected power state
+ * snd_power_ref_and_wait - wait until the card gets powered up
+ * @card: soundcard structure
+ *
+ * Take the power_ref reference count of the given card, and
+ * wait until the card gets powered up to SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0 state.
+ * The refcount is down again while sleeping until power-up, hence this
+ * function can be used for syncing the floating control ops accesses,
+ * typically around calling control ops.
  *
- *  Waits until the power-state is changed.
+ * The caller needs to pull down the refcount via snd_power_unref() later
+ * no matter whether the error is returned from this function or not.
  *
- *  Return: Zero if successful, or a negative error code.
+ * Return: Zero if successful, or a negative error code.
  */
-int snd_power_wait(struct snd_card *card, unsigned int power_state)
+int snd_power_ref_and_wait(struct snd_card *card)
 {
 	wait_queue_entry_t wait;
 	int result = 0;
 
+	snd_power_ref(card);
 	/* fastpath */
-	if (snd_power_get_state(card) == power_state)
+	if (snd_power_get_state(card) == SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0)
 		return 0;
 	init_waitqueue_entry(&wait, current);
 	add_wait_queue(&card->power_sleep, &wait);
@@ -1025,13 +1036,33 @@ int snd_power_wait(struct snd_card *card, unsigned int power_state)
 			result = -ENODEV;
 			break;
 		}
-		if (snd_power_get_state(card) == power_state)
+		if (snd_power_get_state(card) == SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0)
 			break;
+		snd_power_unref(card);
 		set_current_state(TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
 		schedule_timeout(30 * HZ);
+		snd_power_ref(card);
 	}
 	remove_wait_queue(&card->power_sleep, &wait);
 	return result;
 }
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_power_ref_and_wait);
+
+/**
+ * snd_power_wait - wait until the card gets powered up (old form)
+ * @card: soundcard structure
+ *
+ * Wait until the card gets powered up to SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0 state.
+ *
+ * Return: Zero if successful, or a negative error code.
+ */
+int snd_power_wait(struct snd_card *card)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	ret = snd_power_ref_and_wait(card);
+	snd_power_unref(card);
+	return ret;
+}
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_power_wait);
 #endif /* CONFIG_PM */
diff --git a/sound/core/memalloc.c b/sound/core/memalloc.c
index 966bef5acc75..83b79edfa52d 100644
--- a/sound/core/memalloc.c
+++ b/sound/core/memalloc.c
@@ -15,99 +15,27 @@
 #include <asm/set_memory.h>
 #endif
 #include <sound/memalloc.h>
+#include "memalloc_local.h"
 
-/*
- *
- *  Bus-specific memory allocators
- *
- */
-
-#ifdef CONFIG_HAS_DMA
-/* allocate the coherent DMA pages */
-static void snd_malloc_dev_pages(struct snd_dma_buffer *dmab, size_t size)
-{
-	gfp_t gfp_flags;
+static const struct snd_malloc_ops *snd_dma_get_ops(struct snd_dma_buffer *dmab);
 
-	gfp_flags = GFP_KERNEL
-		| __GFP_COMP	/* compound page lets parts be mapped */
-		| __GFP_NORETRY /* don't trigger OOM-killer */
-		| __GFP_NOWARN; /* no stack trace print - this call is non-critical */
-	dmab->area = dma_alloc_coherent(dmab->dev.dev, size, &dmab->addr,
-					gfp_flags);
-#ifdef CONFIG_X86
-	if (dmab->area && dmab->dev.type == SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV_UC)
-		set_memory_wc((unsigned long)dmab->area,
-			      PAGE_ALIGN(size) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
-#endif
-}
-
-/* free the coherent DMA pages */
-static void snd_free_dev_pages(struct snd_dma_buffer *dmab)
-{
-#ifdef CONFIG_X86
-	if (dmab->dev.type == SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV_UC)
-		set_memory_wb((unsigned long)dmab->area,
-			      PAGE_ALIGN(dmab->bytes) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
-#endif
-	dma_free_coherent(dmab->dev.dev, dmab->bytes, dmab->area, dmab->addr);
-}
-
-#ifdef CONFIG_GENERIC_ALLOCATOR
-/**
- * snd_malloc_dev_iram - allocate memory from on-chip internal ram
- * @dmab: buffer allocation record to store the allocated data
- * @size: number of bytes to allocate from the iram
- *
- * This function requires iram phandle provided via of_node
- */
-static void snd_malloc_dev_iram(struct snd_dma_buffer *dmab, size_t size)
+/* a cast to gfp flag from the dev pointer; for CONTINUOUS and VMALLOC types */
+static inline gfp_t snd_mem_get_gfp_flags(const struct snd_dma_buffer *dmab,
+					  gfp_t default_gfp)
 {
-	struct device *dev = dmab->dev.dev;
-	struct gen_pool *pool = NULL;
-
-	dmab->area = NULL;
-	dmab->addr = 0;
-
-	if (dev->of_node)
-		pool = of_gen_pool_get(dev->of_node, "iram", 0);
-
-	if (!pool)
-		return;
-
-	/* Assign the pool into private_data field */
-	dmab->private_data = pool;
-
-	dmab->area = gen_pool_dma_alloc_align(pool, size, &dmab->addr,
-					PAGE_SIZE);
+	if (!dmab->dev.dev)
+		return default_gfp;
+	else
+		return (__force gfp_t)(unsigned long)dmab->dev.dev;
 }
 
-/**
- * snd_free_dev_iram - free allocated specific memory from on-chip internal ram
- * @dmab: buffer allocation record to store the allocated data
- */
-static void snd_free_dev_iram(struct snd_dma_buffer *dmab)
+static int __snd_dma_alloc_pages(struct snd_dma_buffer *dmab, size_t size)
 {
-	struct gen_pool *pool = dmab->private_data;
-
-	if (pool && dmab->area)
-		gen_pool_free(pool, (unsigned long)dmab->area, dmab->bytes);
-}
-#endif /* CONFIG_GENERIC_ALLOCATOR */
-#endif /* CONFIG_HAS_DMA */
-
-/*
- *
- *  ALSA generic memory management
- *
- */
+	const struct snd_malloc_ops *ops = snd_dma_get_ops(dmab);
 
-static inline gfp_t snd_mem_get_gfp_flags(const struct device *dev,
-					  gfp_t default_gfp)
-{
-	if (!dev)
-		return default_gfp;
-	else
-		return (__force gfp_t)(unsigned long)dev;
+	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!ops || !ops->alloc))
+		return -EINVAL;
+	return ops->alloc(dmab, size);
 }
 
 /**
@@ -126,7 +54,7 @@ static inline gfp_t snd_mem_get_gfp_flags(const struct device *dev,
 int snd_dma_alloc_pages(int type, struct device *device, size_t size,
 			struct snd_dma_buffer *dmab)
 {
-	gfp_t gfp;
+	int err;
 
 	if (WARN_ON(!size))
 		return -ENXIO;
@@ -140,43 +68,10 @@ int snd_dma_alloc_pages(int type, struct device *device, size_t size,
 	dmab->area = NULL;
 	dmab->addr = 0;
 	dmab->private_data = NULL;
-	switch (type) {
-	case SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_CONTINUOUS:
-		gfp = snd_mem_get_gfp_flags(device, GFP_KERNEL);
-		dmab->area = alloc_pages_exact(size, gfp);
-		break;
-	case SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_VMALLOC:
-		gfp = snd_mem_get_gfp_flags(device, GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_HIGHMEM);
-		dmab->area = __vmalloc(size, gfp);
-		break;
-#ifdef CONFIG_HAS_DMA
-#ifdef CONFIG_GENERIC_ALLOCATOR
-	case SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV_IRAM:
-		snd_malloc_dev_iram(dmab, size);
-		if (dmab->area)
-			break;
-		/* Internal memory might have limited size and no enough space,
-		 * so if we fail to malloc, try to fetch memory traditionally.
-		 */
-		dmab->dev.type = SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV;
-		fallthrough;
-#endif /* CONFIG_GENERIC_ALLOCATOR */
-	case SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV:
-	case SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV_UC:
-		snd_malloc_dev_pages(dmab, size);
-		break;
-#endif
-#ifdef CONFIG_SND_DMA_SGBUF
-	case SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV_SG:
-	case SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV_UC_SG:
-		snd_malloc_sgbuf_pages(device, size, dmab, NULL);
-		break;
-#endif
-	default:
-		pr_err("snd-malloc: invalid device type %d\n", type);
-		return -ENXIO;
-	}
-	if (! dmab->area)
+	err = __snd_dma_alloc_pages(dmab, size);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	if (!dmab->area)
 		return -ENOMEM;
 	dmab->bytes = size;
 	return 0;
@@ -217,7 +112,6 @@ int snd_dma_alloc_pages_fallback(int type, struct device *device, size_t size,
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_dma_alloc_pages_fallback);
 
-
 /**
  * snd_dma_free_pages - release the allocated buffer
  * @dmab: the buffer allocation record to release
@@ -226,32 +120,288 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_dma_alloc_pages_fallback);
  */
 void snd_dma_free_pages(struct snd_dma_buffer *dmab)
 {
-	switch (dmab->dev.type) {
-	case SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_CONTINUOUS:
-		free_pages_exact(dmab->area, dmab->bytes);
-		break;
-	case SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_VMALLOC:
-		vfree(dmab->area);
-		break;
+	const struct snd_malloc_ops *ops = snd_dma_get_ops(dmab);
+
+	if (ops && ops->free)
+		ops->free(dmab);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_dma_free_pages);
+
+/**
+ * snd_dma_buffer_mmap - perform mmap of the given DMA buffer
+ * @dmab: buffer allocation information
+ * @area: VM area information
+ */
+int snd_dma_buffer_mmap(struct snd_dma_buffer *dmab,
+			struct vm_area_struct *area)
+{
+	const struct snd_malloc_ops *ops = snd_dma_get_ops(dmab);
+
+	if (ops && ops->mmap)
+		return ops->mmap(dmab, area);
+	else
+		return -ENOENT;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_dma_buffer_mmap);
+
+/**
+ * snd_sgbuf_get_addr - return the physical address at the corresponding offset
+ * @dmab: buffer allocation information
+ * @offset: offset in the ring buffer
+ */
+dma_addr_t snd_sgbuf_get_addr(struct snd_dma_buffer *dmab, size_t offset)
+{
+	const struct snd_malloc_ops *ops = snd_dma_get_ops(dmab);
+
+	if (ops && ops->get_addr)
+		return ops->get_addr(dmab, offset);
+	else
+		return dmab->addr + offset;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_sgbuf_get_addr);
+
+/**
+ * snd_sgbuf_get_page - return the physical page at the corresponding offset
+ * @dmab: buffer allocation information
+ * @offset: offset in the ring buffer
+ */
+struct page *snd_sgbuf_get_page(struct snd_dma_buffer *dmab, size_t offset)
+{
+	const struct snd_malloc_ops *ops = snd_dma_get_ops(dmab);
+
+	if (ops && ops->get_page)
+		return ops->get_page(dmab, offset);
+	else
+		return virt_to_page(dmab->area + offset);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_sgbuf_get_page);
+
+/**
+ * snd_sgbuf_get_chunk_size - compute the max chunk size with continuous pages
+ *	on sg-buffer
+ * @dmab: buffer allocation information
+ * @ofs: offset in the ring buffer
+ * @size: the requested size
+ */
+unsigned int snd_sgbuf_get_chunk_size(struct snd_dma_buffer *dmab,
+				      unsigned int ofs, unsigned int size)
+{
+	const struct snd_malloc_ops *ops = snd_dma_get_ops(dmab);
+
+	if (ops && ops->get_chunk_size)
+		return ops->get_chunk_size(dmab, ofs, size);
+	else
+		return size;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_sgbuf_get_chunk_size);
+
+/*
+ * Continuous pages allocator
+ */
+static int snd_dma_continuous_alloc(struct snd_dma_buffer *dmab, size_t size)
+{
+	gfp_t gfp = snd_mem_get_gfp_flags(dmab, GFP_KERNEL);
+
+	dmab->area = alloc_pages_exact(size, gfp);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void snd_dma_continuous_free(struct snd_dma_buffer *dmab)
+{
+	free_pages_exact(dmab->area, dmab->bytes);
+}
+
+static int snd_dma_continuous_mmap(struct snd_dma_buffer *dmab,
+				   struct vm_area_struct *area)
+{
+	return remap_pfn_range(area, area->vm_start,
+			       dmab->addr >> PAGE_SHIFT,
+			       area->vm_end - area->vm_start,
+			       area->vm_page_prot);
+}
+
+static const struct snd_malloc_ops snd_dma_continuous_ops = {
+	.alloc = snd_dma_continuous_alloc,
+	.free = snd_dma_continuous_free,
+	.mmap = snd_dma_continuous_mmap,
+};
+
+/*
+ * VMALLOC allocator
+ */
+static int snd_dma_vmalloc_alloc(struct snd_dma_buffer *dmab, size_t size)
+{
+	gfp_t gfp = snd_mem_get_gfp_flags(dmab, GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_HIGHMEM);
+
+	dmab->area = __vmalloc(size, gfp);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void snd_dma_vmalloc_free(struct snd_dma_buffer *dmab)
+{
+	vfree(dmab->area);
+}
+
+static int snd_dma_vmalloc_mmap(struct snd_dma_buffer *dmab,
+				struct vm_area_struct *area)
+{
+	return remap_vmalloc_range(area, dmab->area, 0);
+}
+
+static dma_addr_t snd_dma_vmalloc_get_addr(struct snd_dma_buffer *dmab,
+					   size_t offset)
+{
+	return page_to_phys(vmalloc_to_page(dmab->area + offset)) +
+		offset % PAGE_SIZE;
+}
+
+static struct page *snd_dma_vmalloc_get_page(struct snd_dma_buffer *dmab,
+					     size_t offset)
+{
+	return vmalloc_to_page(dmab->area + offset);
+}
+
+static unsigned int
+snd_dma_vmalloc_get_chunk_size(struct snd_dma_buffer *dmab,
+			       unsigned int ofs, unsigned int size)
+{
+	ofs %= PAGE_SIZE;
+	size += ofs;
+	if (size > PAGE_SIZE)
+		size = PAGE_SIZE;
+	return size - ofs;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_malloc_ops snd_dma_vmalloc_ops = {
+	.alloc = snd_dma_vmalloc_alloc,
+	.free = snd_dma_vmalloc_free,
+	.mmap = snd_dma_vmalloc_mmap,
+	.get_addr = snd_dma_vmalloc_get_addr,
+	.get_page = snd_dma_vmalloc_get_page,
+	.get_chunk_size = snd_dma_vmalloc_get_chunk_size,
+};
+
 #ifdef CONFIG_HAS_DMA
+/*
+ * IRAM allocator
+ */
 #ifdef CONFIG_GENERIC_ALLOCATOR
-	case SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV_IRAM:
-		snd_free_dev_iram(dmab);
-		break;
+static int snd_dma_iram_alloc(struct snd_dma_buffer *dmab, size_t size)
+{
+	struct device *dev = dmab->dev.dev;
+	struct gen_pool *pool;
+
+	if (dev->of_node) {
+		pool = of_gen_pool_get(dev->of_node, "iram", 0);
+		/* Assign the pool into private_data field */
+		dmab->private_data = pool;
+
+		dmab->area = gen_pool_dma_alloc_align(pool, size, &dmab->addr,
+						      PAGE_SIZE);
+		if (dmab->area)
+			return 0;
+	}
+
+	/* Internal memory might have limited size and no enough space,
+	 * so if we fail to malloc, try to fetch memory traditionally.
+	 */
+	dmab->dev.type = SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV;
+	return __snd_dma_alloc_pages(dmab, size);
+}
+
+static void snd_dma_iram_free(struct snd_dma_buffer *dmab)
+{
+	struct gen_pool *pool = dmab->private_data;
+
+	if (pool && dmab->area)
+		gen_pool_free(pool, (unsigned long)dmab->area, dmab->bytes);
+}
+
+static int snd_dma_iram_mmap(struct snd_dma_buffer *dmab,
+			     struct vm_area_struct *area)
+{
+	area->vm_page_prot = pgprot_writecombine(area->vm_page_prot);
+	return remap_pfn_range(area, area->vm_start,
+			       dmab->addr >> PAGE_SHIFT,
+			       area->vm_end - area->vm_start,
+			       area->vm_page_prot);
+}
+
+static const struct snd_malloc_ops snd_dma_iram_ops = {
+	.alloc = snd_dma_iram_alloc,
+	.free = snd_dma_iram_free,
+	.mmap = snd_dma_iram_mmap,
+};
 #endif /* CONFIG_GENERIC_ALLOCATOR */
-	case SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV:
-	case SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV_UC:
-		snd_free_dev_pages(dmab);
-		break;
+
+/*
+ * Coherent device pages allocator
+ */
+static int snd_dma_dev_alloc(struct snd_dma_buffer *dmab, size_t size)
+{
+	gfp_t gfp_flags;
+
+	gfp_flags = GFP_KERNEL
+		| __GFP_COMP	/* compound page lets parts be mapped */
+		| __GFP_NORETRY /* don't trigger OOM-killer */
+		| __GFP_NOWARN; /* no stack trace print - this call is non-critical */
+	dmab->area = dma_alloc_coherent(dmab->dev.dev, size, &dmab->addr,
+					gfp_flags);
+#ifdef CONFIG_X86
+	if (dmab->area && dmab->dev.type == SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV_UC)
+		set_memory_wc((unsigned long)dmab->area,
+			      PAGE_ALIGN(size) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 #endif
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void snd_dma_dev_free(struct snd_dma_buffer *dmab)
+{
+#ifdef CONFIG_X86
+	if (dmab->dev.type == SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV_UC)
+		set_memory_wb((unsigned long)dmab->area,
+			      PAGE_ALIGN(dmab->bytes) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
+#endif
+	dma_free_coherent(dmab->dev.dev, dmab->bytes, dmab->area, dmab->addr);
+}
+
+static int snd_dma_dev_mmap(struct snd_dma_buffer *dmab,
+			    struct vm_area_struct *area)
+{
+	return dma_mmap_coherent(dmab->dev.dev, area,
+				 dmab->area, dmab->addr, dmab->bytes);
+}
+
+static const struct snd_malloc_ops snd_dma_dev_ops = {
+	.alloc = snd_dma_dev_alloc,
+	.free = snd_dma_dev_free,
+	.mmap = snd_dma_dev_mmap,
+};
+#endif /* CONFIG_HAS_DMA */
+
+/*
+ * Entry points
+ */
+static const struct snd_malloc_ops *dma_ops[] = {
+	[SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_CONTINUOUS] = &snd_dma_continuous_ops,
+	[SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_VMALLOC] = &snd_dma_vmalloc_ops,
+#ifdef CONFIG_HAS_DMA
+	[SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV] = &snd_dma_dev_ops,
+	[SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV_UC] = &snd_dma_dev_ops,
+#ifdef CONFIG_GENERIC_ALLOCATOR
+	[SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV_IRAM] = &snd_dma_iram_ops,
+#endif /* CONFIG_GENERIC_ALLOCATOR */
+#endif /* CONFIG_HAS_DMA */
 #ifdef CONFIG_SND_DMA_SGBUF
-	case SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV_SG:
-	case SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV_UC_SG:
-		snd_free_sgbuf_pages(dmab);
-		break;
+	[SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV_SG] = &snd_dma_sg_ops,
+	[SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV_UC_SG] = &snd_dma_sg_ops,
 #endif
-	default:
-		pr_err("snd-malloc: invalid device type %d\n", dmab->dev.type);
-	}
+};
+
+static const struct snd_malloc_ops *snd_dma_get_ops(struct snd_dma_buffer *dmab)
+{
+	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(dmab->dev.type <= SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_UNKNOWN ||
+			 dmab->dev.type >= ARRAY_SIZE(dma_ops)))
+		return NULL;
+	return dma_ops[dmab->dev.type];
 }
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_dma_free_pages);
diff --git a/sound/core/memalloc_local.h b/sound/core/memalloc_local.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..dbea7f2aed07
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/core/memalloc_local.h
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
+#ifndef __MEMALLOC_LOCAL_H
+#define __MEMALLOC_LOCAL_H
+
+struct snd_malloc_ops {
+	int (*alloc)(struct snd_dma_buffer *dmab, size_t size);
+	void (*free)(struct snd_dma_buffer *dmab);
+	dma_addr_t (*get_addr)(struct snd_dma_buffer *dmab, size_t offset);
+	struct page *(*get_page)(struct snd_dma_buffer *dmab, size_t offset);
+	unsigned int (*get_chunk_size)(struct snd_dma_buffer *dmab,
+				       unsigned int ofs, unsigned int size);
+	int (*mmap)(struct snd_dma_buffer *dmab, struct vm_area_struct *area);
+};
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_DMA_SGBUF
+extern const struct snd_malloc_ops snd_dma_sg_ops;
+#endif
+
+#endif /* __MEMALLOC_LOCAL_H */
diff --git a/sound/core/oss/mixer_oss.c b/sound/core/oss/mixer_oss.c
index bec928327478..6a5abdd4271b 100644
--- a/sound/core/oss/mixer_oss.c
+++ b/sound/core/oss/mixer_oss.c
@@ -185,7 +185,8 @@ static int snd_mixer_oss_get_recsrc(struct snd_mixer_oss_file *fmixer)
 	if (mixer->put_recsrc && mixer->get_recsrc) {	/* exclusive */
 		int err;
 		unsigned int index;
-		if ((err = mixer->get_recsrc(fmixer, &index)) < 0)
+		err = mixer->get_recsrc(fmixer, &index);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 		result = 1 << index;
 	} else {
@@ -517,7 +518,8 @@ static void snd_mixer_oss_get_volume1_vol(struct snd_mixer_oss_file *fmixer,
 	if (numid == ID_UNKNOWN)
 		return;
 	down_read(&card->controls_rwsem);
-	if ((kctl = snd_ctl_find_numid(card, numid)) == NULL) {
+	kctl = snd_ctl_find_numid(card, numid);
+	if (!kctl) {
 		up_read(&card->controls_rwsem);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -555,7 +557,8 @@ static void snd_mixer_oss_get_volume1_sw(struct snd_mixer_oss_file *fmixer,
 	if (numid == ID_UNKNOWN)
 		return;
 	down_read(&card->controls_rwsem);
-	if ((kctl = snd_ctl_find_numid(card, numid)) == NULL) {
+	kctl = snd_ctl_find_numid(card, numid);
+	if (!kctl) {
 		up_read(&card->controls_rwsem);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -620,7 +623,8 @@ static void snd_mixer_oss_put_volume1_vol(struct snd_mixer_oss_file *fmixer,
 	if (numid == ID_UNKNOWN)
 		return;
 	down_read(&card->controls_rwsem);
-	if ((kctl = snd_ctl_find_numid(card, numid)) == NULL) {
+	kctl = snd_ctl_find_numid(card, numid);
+	if (!kctl) {
 		up_read(&card->controls_rwsem);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -636,7 +640,8 @@ static void snd_mixer_oss_put_volume1_vol(struct snd_mixer_oss_file *fmixer,
 	uctl->value.integer.value[0] = snd_mixer_oss_conv2(left, uinfo->value.integer.min, uinfo->value.integer.max);
 	if (uinfo->count > 1)
 		uctl->value.integer.value[1] = snd_mixer_oss_conv2(right, uinfo->value.integer.min, uinfo->value.integer.max);
-	if ((res = kctl->put(kctl, uctl)) < 0)
+	res = kctl->put(kctl, uctl);
+	if (res < 0)
 		goto __unalloc;
 	if (res > 0)
 		snd_ctl_notify(card, SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_VALUE, &kctl->id);
@@ -661,7 +666,8 @@ static void snd_mixer_oss_put_volume1_sw(struct snd_mixer_oss_file *fmixer,
 	if (numid == ID_UNKNOWN)
 		return;
 	down_read(&card->controls_rwsem);
-	if ((kctl = snd_ctl_find_numid(card, numid)) == NULL) {
+	kctl = snd_ctl_find_numid(card, numid);
+	if (!kctl) {
 		up_read(&card->controls_rwsem);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -681,7 +687,8 @@ static void snd_mixer_oss_put_volume1_sw(struct snd_mixer_oss_file *fmixer,
 	} else {
 		uctl->value.integer.value[0] = (left > 0 || right > 0) ? 1 : 0;
 	}
-	if ((res = kctl->put(kctl, uctl)) < 0)
+	res = kctl->put(kctl, uctl);
+	if (res < 0)
 		goto __unalloc;
 	if (res > 0)
 		snd_ctl_notify(card, SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_VALUE, &kctl->id);
@@ -809,9 +816,11 @@ static int snd_mixer_oss_get_recsrc2(struct snd_mixer_oss_file *fmixer, unsigned
 		err = -ENOENT;
 		goto __unlock;
 	}
-	if ((err = kctl->info(kctl, uinfo)) < 0)
+	err = kctl->info(kctl, uinfo);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto __unlock;
-	if ((err = kctl->get(kctl, uctl)) < 0)
+	err = kctl->get(kctl, uctl);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto __unlock;
 	for (idx = 0; idx < 32; idx++) {
 		if (!(mixer->mask_recsrc & (1 << idx)))
@@ -860,7 +869,8 @@ static int snd_mixer_oss_put_recsrc2(struct snd_mixer_oss_file *fmixer, unsigned
 		err = -ENOENT;
 		goto __unlock;
 	}
-	if ((err = kctl->info(kctl, uinfo)) < 0)
+	err = kctl->info(kctl, uinfo);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto __unlock;
 	for (idx = 0; idx < 32; idx++) {
 		if (!(mixer->mask_recsrc & (1 << idx)))
@@ -915,7 +925,8 @@ static int snd_mixer_oss_build_test(struct snd_mixer_oss *mixer, struct slot *sl
 		up_read(&card->controls_rwsem);
 		return -ENOMEM;
 	}
-	if ((err = kcontrol->info(kcontrol, info)) < 0) {
+	err = kcontrol->info(kcontrol, info);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		up_read(&card->controls_rwsem);
 		kfree(info);
 		return err;
@@ -1036,7 +1047,10 @@ static int snd_mixer_oss_build_input(struct snd_mixer_oss *mixer,
 	if (snd_mixer_oss_build_test_all(mixer, ptr, &slot))
 		return 0;
 	down_read(&mixer->card->controls_rwsem);
-	if (ptr->index == 0 && (kctl = snd_mixer_oss_test_id(mixer, "Capture Source", 0)) != NULL) {
+	kctl = NULL;
+	if (!ptr->index)
+		kctl = snd_mixer_oss_test_id(mixer, "Capture Source", 0);
+	if (kctl) {
 		struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo;
 
 		uinfo = kzalloc(sizeof(*uinfo), GFP_KERNEL);
@@ -1343,9 +1357,10 @@ static int snd_mixer_oss_notify_handler(struct snd_card *card, int cmd)
 		if (mixer == NULL)
 			return -ENOMEM;
 		mutex_init(&mixer->reg_mutex);
-		if ((err = snd_register_oss_device(SNDRV_OSS_DEVICE_TYPE_MIXER,
-						   card, 0,
-						   &snd_mixer_oss_f_ops, card)) < 0) {
+		err = snd_register_oss_device(SNDRV_OSS_DEVICE_TYPE_MIXER,
+					      card, 0,
+					      &snd_mixer_oss_f_ops, card);
+		if (err < 0) {
 			dev_err(card->dev,
 				"unable to register OSS mixer device %i:%i\n",
 				card->number, 0);
diff --git a/sound/core/oss/pcm_oss.c b/sound/core/oss/pcm_oss.c
index 86c39ee01aaa..82a818734a5f 100644
--- a/sound/core/oss/pcm_oss.c
+++ b/sound/core/oss/pcm_oss.c
@@ -955,9 +955,8 @@ static int snd_pcm_oss_change_params_locked(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 	if (!direct) {
 		/* add necessary plugins */
 		snd_pcm_oss_plugin_clear(substream);
-		if ((err = snd_pcm_plug_format_plugins(substream,
-						       params, 
-						       sparams)) < 0) {
+		err = snd_pcm_plug_format_plugins(substream, params, sparams);
+		if (err < 0) {
 			pcm_dbg(substream->pcm,
 				"snd_pcm_plug_format_plugins failed: %i\n", err);
 			snd_pcm_oss_plugin_clear(substream);
@@ -965,7 +964,8 @@ static int snd_pcm_oss_change_params_locked(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 		}
 		if (runtime->oss.plugin_first) {
 			struct snd_pcm_plugin *plugin;
-			if ((err = snd_pcm_plugin_build_io(substream, sparams, &plugin)) < 0) {
+			err = snd_pcm_plugin_build_io(substream, sparams, &plugin);
+			if (err < 0) {
 				pcm_dbg(substream->pcm,
 					"snd_pcm_plugin_build_io failed: %i\n", err);
 				snd_pcm_oss_plugin_clear(substream);
@@ -1011,7 +1011,8 @@ static int snd_pcm_oss_change_params_locked(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 		sw_params->silence_size = frames;
 	}
 
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_kernel_ioctl(substream, SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_SW_PARAMS, sw_params)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_pcm_kernel_ioctl(substream, SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_SW_PARAMS, sw_params);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		pcm_dbg(substream->pcm, "SW_PARAMS failed: %i\n", err);
 		goto failure;
 	}
@@ -1573,7 +1574,8 @@ static int snd_pcm_oss_post(struct snd_pcm_oss_file *pcm_oss_file)
 
 	substream = pcm_oss_file->streams[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK];
 	if (substream != NULL) {
-		if ((err = snd_pcm_oss_make_ready(substream)) < 0)
+		err = snd_pcm_oss_make_ready(substream);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 		snd_pcm_kernel_ioctl(substream, SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_START, NULL);
 	}
@@ -1645,7 +1647,8 @@ static int snd_pcm_oss_sync(struct snd_pcm_oss_file *pcm_oss_file)
 		runtime = substream->runtime;
 		if (atomic_read(&substream->mmap_count))
 			goto __direct;
-		if ((err = snd_pcm_oss_make_ready(substream)) < 0)
+		err = snd_pcm_oss_make_ready(substream);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 		atomic_inc(&runtime->oss.rw_ref);
 		if (mutex_lock_interruptible(&runtime->oss.params_lock)) {
@@ -1711,7 +1714,8 @@ unlock:
 
 	substream = pcm_oss_file->streams[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE];
 	if (substream != NULL) {
-		if ((err = snd_pcm_oss_make_ready(substream)) < 0)
+		err = snd_pcm_oss_make_ready(substream);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 		runtime = substream->runtime;
 		err = snd_pcm_kernel_ioctl(substream, SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_DROP, NULL);
@@ -1758,7 +1762,8 @@ static int snd_pcm_oss_get_rate(struct snd_pcm_oss_file *pcm_oss_file)
 	struct snd_pcm_substream *substream;
 	int err;
 	
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_oss_get_active_substream(pcm_oss_file, &substream)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_oss_get_active_substream(pcm_oss_file, &substream);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	return substream->runtime->oss.rate;
 }
@@ -1795,7 +1800,8 @@ static int snd_pcm_oss_get_channels(struct snd_pcm_oss_file *pcm_oss_file)
 	struct snd_pcm_substream *substream;
 	int err;
 	
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_oss_get_active_substream(pcm_oss_file, &substream)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_oss_get_active_substream(pcm_oss_file, &substream);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	return substream->runtime->oss.channels;
 }
@@ -1805,7 +1811,8 @@ static int snd_pcm_oss_get_block_size(struct snd_pcm_oss_file *pcm_oss_file)
 	struct snd_pcm_substream *substream;
 	int err;
 	
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_oss_get_active_substream(pcm_oss_file, &substream)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_oss_get_active_substream(pcm_oss_file, &substream);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	return substream->runtime->oss.period_bytes;
 }
@@ -1820,7 +1827,8 @@ static int snd_pcm_oss_get_formats(struct snd_pcm_oss_file *pcm_oss_file)
 	const struct snd_mask *format_mask;
 	int fmt;
 
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_oss_get_active_substream(pcm_oss_file, &substream)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_oss_get_active_substream(pcm_oss_file, &substream);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	if (atomic_read(&substream->mmap_count))
 		direct = 1;
@@ -1890,7 +1898,8 @@ static int snd_pcm_oss_get_format(struct snd_pcm_oss_file *pcm_oss_file)
 	struct snd_pcm_substream *substream;
 	int err;
 	
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_oss_get_active_substream(pcm_oss_file, &substream)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_oss_get_active_substream(pcm_oss_file, &substream);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	return substream->runtime->oss.format;
 }
@@ -2050,11 +2059,13 @@ static int snd_pcm_oss_set_trigger(struct snd_pcm_oss_file *pcm_oss_file, int tr
 	csubstream = pcm_oss_file->streams[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE];
 
 	if (psubstream) {
-		if ((err = snd_pcm_oss_make_ready(psubstream)) < 0)
+		err = snd_pcm_oss_make_ready(psubstream);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 	if (csubstream) {
-		if ((err = snd_pcm_oss_make_ready(csubstream)) < 0)
+		err = snd_pcm_oss_make_ready(csubstream);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
       	if (psubstream) {
@@ -2141,7 +2152,8 @@ static int snd_pcm_oss_get_odelay(struct snd_pcm_oss_file *pcm_oss_file)
 	substream = pcm_oss_file->streams[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK];
 	if (substream == NULL)
 		return -EINVAL;
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_oss_make_ready(substream)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_oss_make_ready(substream);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	runtime = substream->runtime;
 	if (runtime->oss.params || runtime->oss.prepare)
@@ -2168,7 +2180,8 @@ static int snd_pcm_oss_get_ptr(struct snd_pcm_oss_file *pcm_oss_file, int stream
 	substream = pcm_oss_file->streams[stream];
 	if (substream == NULL)
 		return -EINVAL;
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_oss_make_ready(substream)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_oss_make_ready(substream);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	runtime = substream->runtime;
 	if (runtime->oss.params || runtime->oss.prepare) {
@@ -2239,9 +2252,11 @@ static int snd_pcm_oss_get_space(struct snd_pcm_oss_file *pcm_oss_file, int stre
 		return -EINVAL;
 	runtime = substream->runtime;
 
-	if (runtime->oss.params &&
-	    (err = snd_pcm_oss_change_params(substream, false)) < 0)
-		return err;
+	if (runtime->oss.params) {
+		err = snd_pcm_oss_change_params(substream, false);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
 
 	info.fragsize = runtime->oss.period_bytes;
 	info.fragstotal = runtime->periods;
@@ -2601,7 +2616,8 @@ static long snd_pcm_oss_ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long
 	case SNDCTL_DSP_SPEED:
 		if (get_user(res, p))
 			return -EFAULT;
-		if ((res = snd_pcm_oss_set_rate(pcm_oss_file, res))<0)
+		res = snd_pcm_oss_set_rate(pcm_oss_file, res);
+		if (res < 0)
 			return res;
 		return put_user(res, p);
 	case SOUND_PCM_READ_RATE:
@@ -2613,7 +2629,8 @@ static long snd_pcm_oss_ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long
 		if (get_user(res, p))
 			return -EFAULT;
 		res = res > 0 ? 2 : 1;
-		if ((res = snd_pcm_oss_set_channels(pcm_oss_file, res)) < 0)
+		res = snd_pcm_oss_set_channels(pcm_oss_file, res);
+		if (res < 0)
 			return res;
 		return put_user(--res, p);
 	case SNDCTL_DSP_GETBLKSIZE:
@@ -2829,7 +2846,8 @@ static __poll_t snd_pcm_oss_poll(struct file *file, poll_table * wait)
 		snd_pcm_state_t ostate;
 		poll_wait(file, &runtime->sleep, wait);
 		snd_pcm_stream_lock_irq(csubstream);
-		if ((ostate = runtime->status->state) != SNDRV_PCM_STATE_RUNNING ||
+		ostate = runtime->status->state;
+		if (ostate != SNDRV_PCM_STATE_RUNNING ||
 		    snd_pcm_oss_capture_ready(csubstream))
 			mask |= EPOLLIN | EPOLLRDNORM;
 		snd_pcm_stream_unlock_irq(csubstream);
@@ -3043,7 +3061,8 @@ static void snd_pcm_oss_proc_init(struct snd_pcm *pcm)
 		struct snd_pcm_str *pstr = &pcm->streams[stream];
 		if (pstr->substream_count == 0)
 			continue;
-		if ((entry = snd_info_create_card_entry(pcm->card, "oss", pstr->proc_root)) != NULL) {
+		entry = snd_info_create_card_entry(pcm->card, "oss", pstr->proc_root);
+		if (entry) {
 			entry->content = SNDRV_INFO_CONTENT_TEXT;
 			entry->mode = S_IFREG | 0644;
 			entry->c.text.read = snd_pcm_oss_proc_read;
@@ -3191,7 +3210,8 @@ static int __init alsa_pcm_oss_init(void)
 			adsp_map[i] = 1;
 		}
 	}
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_notify(&snd_pcm_oss_notify, 0)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_notify(&snd_pcm_oss_notify, 0);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/sound/core/oss/pcm_plugin.c b/sound/core/oss/pcm_plugin.c
index d5ca161d588c..061ba06bc926 100644
--- a/sound/core/oss/pcm_plugin.c
+++ b/sound/core/oss/pcm_plugin.c
@@ -59,7 +59,8 @@ static int snd_pcm_plugin_alloc(struct snd_pcm_plugin *plugin, snd_pcm_uframes_t
 	} else {
 		format = &plugin->dst_format;
 	}
-	if ((width = snd_pcm_format_physical_width(format->format)) < 0)
+	width = snd_pcm_format_physical_width(format->format);
+	if (width < 0)
 		return width;
 	size = frames * format->channels * width;
 	if (snd_BUG_ON(size % 8))
@@ -572,7 +573,8 @@ snd_pcm_sframes_t snd_pcm_plug_client_channels_buf(struct snd_pcm_substream *plu
 	}
 	v = plugin->buf_channels;
 	*channels = v;
-	if ((width = snd_pcm_format_physical_width(format->format)) < 0)
+	width = snd_pcm_format_physical_width(format->format);
+	if (width < 0)
 		return width;
 	nchannels = format->channels;
 	if (snd_BUG_ON(plugin->access != SNDRV_PCM_ACCESS_RW_INTERLEAVED &&
@@ -600,16 +602,17 @@ snd_pcm_sframes_t snd_pcm_plug_write_transfer(struct snd_pcm_substream *plug, st
 	while (plugin) {
 		if (frames <= 0)
 			return frames;
-		if ((next = plugin->next) != NULL) {
+		next = plugin->next;
+		if (next) {
 			snd_pcm_sframes_t frames1 = frames;
 			if (plugin->dst_frames) {
 				frames1 = plugin->dst_frames(plugin, frames);
 				if (frames1 <= 0)
 					return frames1;
 			}
-			if ((err = next->client_channels(next, frames1, &dst_channels)) < 0) {
+			err = next->client_channels(next, frames1, &dst_channels);
+			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
-			}
 			if (err != frames1) {
 				frames = err;
 				if (plugin->src_frames) {
@@ -621,7 +624,8 @@ snd_pcm_sframes_t snd_pcm_plug_write_transfer(struct snd_pcm_substream *plug, st
 		} else
 			dst_channels = NULL;
 		pdprintf("write plugin: %s, %li\n", plugin->name, frames);
-		if ((frames = plugin->transfer(plugin, src_channels, dst_channels, frames)) < 0)
+		frames = plugin->transfer(plugin, src_channels, dst_channels, frames);
+		if (frames < 0)
 			return frames;
 		src_channels = dst_channels;
 		plugin = next;
@@ -643,16 +647,18 @@ snd_pcm_sframes_t snd_pcm_plug_read_transfer(struct snd_pcm_substream *plug, str
 	src_channels = NULL;
 	plugin = snd_pcm_plug_first(plug);
 	while (plugin && frames > 0) {
-		if ((next = plugin->next) != NULL) {
-			if ((err = plugin->client_channels(plugin, frames, &dst_channels)) < 0) {
+		next = plugin->next;
+		if (next) {
+			err = plugin->client_channels(plugin, frames, &dst_channels);
+			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
-			}
 			frames = err;
 		} else {
 			dst_channels = dst_channels_final;
 		}
 		pdprintf("read plugin: %s, %li\n", plugin->name, frames);
-		if ((frames = plugin->transfer(plugin, src_channels, dst_channels, frames)) < 0)
+		frames = plugin->transfer(plugin, src_channels, dst_channels, frames);
+		if (frames < 0)
 			return frames;
 		plugin = next;
 		src_channels = dst_channels;
diff --git a/sound/core/pcm.c b/sound/core/pcm.c
index b163164a83ec..6fd3677685d7 100644
--- a/sound/core/pcm.c
+++ b/sound/core/pcm.c
@@ -1004,7 +1004,7 @@ void snd_pcm_detach_substream(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 	substream->pstr->substream_opened--;
 }
 
-static ssize_t show_pcm_class(struct device *dev,
+static ssize_t pcm_class_show(struct device *dev,
 			      struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
 {
 	struct snd_pcm_str *pstr = container_of(dev, struct snd_pcm_str, dev);
@@ -1024,7 +1024,7 @@ static ssize_t show_pcm_class(struct device *dev,
 	return sprintf(buf, "%s\n", str);
 }
 
-static DEVICE_ATTR(pcm_class, 0444, show_pcm_class, NULL);
+static DEVICE_ATTR_RO(pcm_class);
 static struct attribute *pcm_dev_attrs[] = {
 	&dev_attr_pcm_class.attr,
 	NULL
diff --git a/sound/core/pcm_compat.c b/sound/core/pcm_compat.c
index 590a46a9e78d..a59de24695ec 100644
--- a/sound/core/pcm_compat.c
+++ b/sound/core/pcm_compat.c
@@ -239,7 +239,8 @@ static int snd_pcm_ioctl_hw_params_compat(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime;
 	int err;
 
-	if (! (runtime = substream->runtime))
+	runtime = substream->runtime;
+	if (!runtime)
 		return -ENOTTY;
 
 	data = kmalloc(sizeof(*data), GFP_KERNEL);
@@ -343,7 +344,8 @@ static int snd_pcm_ioctl_xfern_compat(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
 	if (substream->runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_OPEN)
 		return -EBADFD;
 
-	if ((ch = substream->runtime->channels) > 128)
+	ch = substream->runtime->channels;
+	if (ch > 128)
 		return -EINVAL;
 	if (get_user(buf, &data32->bufs) ||
 	    get_user(frames, &data32->frames))
diff --git a/sound/core/pcm_lib.c b/sound/core/pcm_lib.c
index b7e3d8f44511..7d5883432085 100644
--- a/sound/core/pcm_lib.c
+++ b/sound/core/pcm_lib.c
@@ -1778,27 +1778,38 @@ int snd_pcm_lib_ioctl(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_lib_ioctl);
 
 /**
- * snd_pcm_period_elapsed - update the pcm status for the next period
- * @substream: the pcm substream instance
+ * snd_pcm_period_elapsed_under_stream_lock() - update the status of runtime for the next period
+ *						under acquired lock of PCM substream.
+ * @substream: the instance of pcm substream.
+ *
+ * This function is called when the batch of audio data frames as the same size as the period of
+ * buffer is already processed in audio data transmission.
+ *
+ * The call of function updates the status of runtime with the latest position of audio data
+ * transmission, checks overrun and underrun over buffer, awaken user processes from waiting for
+ * available audio data frames, sampling audio timestamp, and performs stop or drain the PCM
+ * substream according to configured threshold.
+ *
+ * The function is intended to use for the case that PCM driver operates audio data frames under
+ * acquired lock of PCM substream; e.g. in callback of any operation of &snd_pcm_ops in process
+ * context. In any interrupt context, it's preferrable to use ``snd_pcm_period_elapsed()`` instead
+ * since lock of PCM substream should be acquired in advance.
  *
- * This function is called from the interrupt handler when the
- * PCM has processed the period size.  It will update the current
- * pointer, wake up sleepers, etc.
+ * Developer should pay enough attention that some callbacks in &snd_pcm_ops are done by the call of
+ * function:
  *
- * Even if more than one periods have elapsed since the last call, you
- * have to call this only once.
+ * - .pointer - to retrieve current position of audio data transmission by frame count or XRUN state.
+ * - .trigger - with SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_STOP at XRUN or DRAINING state.
+ * - .get_time_info - to retrieve audio time stamp if needed.
+ *
+ * Even if more than one periods have elapsed since the last call, you have to call this only once.
  */
-void snd_pcm_period_elapsed(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+void snd_pcm_period_elapsed_under_stream_lock(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 {
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime;
-	unsigned long flags;
 
-	if (snd_BUG_ON(!substream))
-		return;
-
-	snd_pcm_stream_lock_irqsave(substream, flags);
 	if (PCM_RUNTIME_CHECK(substream))
-		goto _unlock;
+		return;
 	runtime = substream->runtime;
 
 	if (!snd_pcm_running(substream) ||
@@ -1811,7 +1822,30 @@ void snd_pcm_period_elapsed(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 #endif
  _end:
 	kill_fasync(&runtime->fasync, SIGIO, POLL_IN);
- _unlock:
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_period_elapsed_under_stream_lock);
+
+/**
+ * snd_pcm_period_elapsed() - update the status of runtime for the next period by acquiring lock of
+ *			      PCM substream.
+ * @substream: the instance of PCM substream.
+ *
+ * This function is mostly similar to ``snd_pcm_period_elapsed_under_stream_lock()`` except for
+ * acquiring lock of PCM substream voluntarily.
+ *
+ * It's typically called by any type of IRQ handler when hardware IRQ occurs to notify event that
+ * the batch of audio data frames as the same size as the period of buffer is already processed in
+ * audio data transmission.
+ */
+void snd_pcm_period_elapsed(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!substream))
+		return;
+
+	snd_pcm_stream_lock_irqsave(substream, flags);
+	snd_pcm_period_elapsed_under_stream_lock(substream);
 	snd_pcm_stream_unlock_irqrestore(substream, flags);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_period_elapsed);
diff --git a/sound/core/pcm_local.h b/sound/core/pcm_local.h
index e3b3558aeab6..fe9689b8a6a6 100644
--- a/sound/core/pcm_local.h
+++ b/sound/core/pcm_local.h
@@ -65,11 +65,6 @@ void __snd_pcm_xrun(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream);
 void snd_pcm_group_init(struct snd_pcm_group *group);
 void snd_pcm_sync_stop(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, bool sync_irq);
 
-#ifdef CONFIG_SND_DMA_SGBUF
-struct page *snd_pcm_sgbuf_ops_page(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
-				    unsigned long offset);
-#endif
-
 #define PCM_RUNTIME_CHECK(sub) snd_BUG_ON(!(sub) || !(sub)->runtime)
 
 /* loop over all PCM substreams */
diff --git a/sound/core/pcm_memory.c b/sound/core/pcm_memory.c
index 542a75babdee..d7621ed105bd 100644
--- a/sound/core/pcm_memory.c
+++ b/sound/core/pcm_memory.c
@@ -337,27 +337,6 @@ void snd_pcm_set_managed_buffer_all(struct snd_pcm *pcm, int type,
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_set_managed_buffer_all);
 
-#ifdef CONFIG_SND_DMA_SGBUF
-/*
- * snd_pcm_sgbuf_ops_page - get the page struct at the given offset
- * @substream: the pcm substream instance
- * @offset: the buffer offset
- *
- * Used as the page callback of PCM ops.
- *
- * Return: The page struct at the given buffer offset. %NULL on failure.
- */
-struct page *snd_pcm_sgbuf_ops_page(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, unsigned long offset)
-{
-	struct snd_sg_buf *sgbuf = snd_pcm_substream_sgbuf(substream);
-
-	unsigned int idx = offset >> PAGE_SHIFT;
-	if (idx >= (unsigned int)sgbuf->pages)
-		return NULL;
-	return sgbuf->page_table[idx];
-}
-#endif /* CONFIG_SND_DMA_SGBUF */
-
 /**
  * snd_pcm_lib_malloc_pages - allocate the DMA buffer
  * @substream: the substream to allocate the DMA buffer to
diff --git a/sound/core/pcm_misc.c b/sound/core/pcm_misc.c
index 257d412eac5d..4866aed97aac 100644
--- a/sound/core/pcm_misc.c
+++ b/sound/core/pcm_misc.c
@@ -266,7 +266,8 @@ int snd_pcm_format_signed(snd_pcm_format_t format)
 	int val;
 	if (!valid_format(format))
 		return -EINVAL;
-	if ((val = pcm_formats[(INT)format].signd) < 0)
+	val = pcm_formats[(INT)format].signd;
+	if (val < 0)
 		return -EINVAL;
 	return val;
 }
@@ -314,7 +315,8 @@ int snd_pcm_format_little_endian(snd_pcm_format_t format)
 	int val;
 	if (!valid_format(format))
 		return -EINVAL;
-	if ((val = pcm_formats[(INT)format].le) < 0)
+	val = pcm_formats[(INT)format].le;
+	if (val < 0)
 		return -EINVAL;
 	return val;
 }
@@ -350,7 +352,8 @@ int snd_pcm_format_width(snd_pcm_format_t format)
 	int val;
 	if (!valid_format(format))
 		return -EINVAL;
-	if ((val = pcm_formats[(INT)format].width) == 0)
+	val = pcm_formats[(INT)format].width;
+	if (!val)
 		return -EINVAL;
 	return val;
 }
@@ -368,7 +371,8 @@ int snd_pcm_format_physical_width(snd_pcm_format_t format)
 	int val;
 	if (!valid_format(format))
 		return -EINVAL;
-	if ((val = pcm_formats[(INT)format].phys) == 0)
+	val = pcm_formats[(INT)format].phys;
+	if (!val)
 		return -EINVAL;
 	return val;
 }
diff --git a/sound/core/pcm_native.c b/sound/core/pcm_native.c
index 8dbe86cf2e4f..14e32825c339 100644
--- a/sound/core/pcm_native.c
+++ b/sound/core/pcm_native.c
@@ -768,7 +768,8 @@ static int snd_pcm_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
 
 	if (cpu_latency_qos_request_active(&substream->latency_pm_qos_req))
 		cpu_latency_qos_remove_request(&substream->latency_pm_qos_req);
-	if ((usecs = period_to_usecs(runtime)) >= 0)
+	usecs = period_to_usecs(runtime);
+	if (usecs >= 0)
 		cpu_latency_qos_add_request(&substream->latency_pm_qos_req,
 					    usecs);
 	return 0;
@@ -2658,7 +2659,8 @@ int snd_pcm_open_substream(struct snd_pcm *pcm, int stream,
 		goto error;
 	}
 
-	if ((err = substream->ops->open(substream)) < 0)
+	err = substream->ops->open(substream);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto error;
 
 	substream->hw_opened = 1;
@@ -2799,6 +2801,10 @@ static int snd_pcm_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	if (snd_BUG_ON(!substream))
 		return -ENXIO;
 	pcm = substream->pcm;
+
+	/* block until the device gets woken up as it may touch the hardware */
+	snd_power_wait(pcm->card);
+
 	mutex_lock(&pcm->open_mutex);
 	snd_pcm_release_substream(substream);
 	kfree(pcm_file);
@@ -3193,7 +3199,7 @@ static int snd_pcm_common_ioctl(struct file *file,
 	if (PCM_RUNTIME_CHECK(substream))
 		return -ENXIO;
 
-	res = snd_power_wait(substream->pcm->card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0);
+	res = snd_power_wait(substream->pcm->card);
 	if (res < 0)
 		return res;
 
@@ -3638,24 +3644,6 @@ static int snd_pcm_mmap_control(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, struct file
 }
 #endif /* coherent mmap */
 
-static inline struct page *
-snd_pcm_default_page_ops(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, unsigned long ofs)
-{
-	void *vaddr = substream->runtime->dma_area + ofs;
-
-	switch (substream->dma_buffer.dev.type) {
-#ifdef CONFIG_SND_DMA_SGBUF
-	case SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV_SG:
-	case SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV_UC_SG:
-		return snd_pcm_sgbuf_ops_page(substream, ofs);
-#endif /* CONFIG_SND_DMA_SGBUF */
-	case SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_VMALLOC:
-		return vmalloc_to_page(vaddr);
-	default:
-		return virt_to_page(vaddr);
-	}
-}
-
 /*
  * fault callback for mmapping a RAM page
  */
@@ -3677,7 +3665,7 @@ static vm_fault_t snd_pcm_mmap_data_fault(struct vm_fault *vmf)
 	if (substream->ops->page)
 		page = substream->ops->page(substream, offset);
 	else
-		page = snd_pcm_default_page_ops(substream, offset);
+		page = snd_sgbuf_get_page(snd_pcm_get_dma_buf(substream), offset);
 	if (!page)
 		return VM_FAULT_SIGBUS;
 	get_page(page);
@@ -3712,22 +3700,9 @@ int snd_pcm_lib_default_mmap(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
 			     struct vm_area_struct *area)
 {
 	area->vm_flags |= VM_DONTEXPAND | VM_DONTDUMP;
-#ifdef CONFIG_GENERIC_ALLOCATOR
-	if (substream->dma_buffer.dev.type == SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV_IRAM) {
-		area->vm_page_prot = pgprot_writecombine(area->vm_page_prot);
-		return remap_pfn_range(area, area->vm_start,
-				substream->dma_buffer.addr >> PAGE_SHIFT,
-				area->vm_end - area->vm_start, area->vm_page_prot);
-	}
-#endif /* CONFIG_GENERIC_ALLOCATOR */
-	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_HAS_DMA) && !substream->ops->page &&
-	    (substream->dma_buffer.dev.type == SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV ||
-	     substream->dma_buffer.dev.type == SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV_UC))
-		return dma_mmap_coherent(substream->dma_buffer.dev.dev,
-					 area,
-					 substream->runtime->dma_area,
-					 substream->runtime->dma_addr,
-					 substream->runtime->dma_bytes);
+	if (!substream->ops->page &&
+	    !snd_dma_buffer_mmap(snd_pcm_get_dma_buf(substream), area))
+		return 0;
 	/* mmap with fault handler */
 	area->vm_ops = &snd_pcm_vm_ops_data_fault;
 	return 0;
diff --git a/sound/core/rawmidi.c b/sound/core/rawmidi.c
index aca00af93afe..6c0a4a67ad2e 100644
--- a/sound/core/rawmidi.c
+++ b/sound/core/rawmidi.c
@@ -680,9 +680,12 @@ static int resize_runtime_buffer(struct snd_rawmidi_runtime *runtime,
 				 bool is_input)
 {
 	char *newbuf, *oldbuf;
+	unsigned int framing = params->mode & SNDRV_RAWMIDI_MODE_FRAMING_MASK;
 
 	if (params->buffer_size < 32 || params->buffer_size > 1024L * 1024L)
 		return -EINVAL;
+	if (framing == SNDRV_RAWMIDI_MODE_FRAMING_TSTAMP && (params->buffer_size & 0x1f) != 0)
+		return -EINVAL;
 	if (params->avail_min < 1 || params->avail_min > params->buffer_size)
 		return -EINVAL;
 	if (params->buffer_size != runtime->buffer_size) {
@@ -720,8 +723,24 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_rawmidi_output_params);
 int snd_rawmidi_input_params(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
 			     struct snd_rawmidi_params *params)
 {
+	unsigned int framing = params->mode & SNDRV_RAWMIDI_MODE_FRAMING_MASK;
+	unsigned int clock_type = params->mode & SNDRV_RAWMIDI_MODE_CLOCK_MASK;
+	int err;
+
+	if (framing == SNDRV_RAWMIDI_MODE_FRAMING_NONE && clock_type != SNDRV_RAWMIDI_MODE_CLOCK_NONE)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	else if (clock_type > SNDRV_RAWMIDI_MODE_CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	if (framing > SNDRV_RAWMIDI_MODE_FRAMING_TSTAMP)
+		return -EINVAL;
 	snd_rawmidi_drain_input(substream);
-	return resize_runtime_buffer(substream->runtime, params, true);
+	err = resize_runtime_buffer(substream->runtime, params, true);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	substream->framing = framing;
+	substream->clock_type = clock_type;
+	return 0;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_rawmidi_input_params);
 
@@ -963,6 +982,62 @@ static int snd_rawmidi_control_ioctl(struct snd_card *card,
 	return -ENOIOCTLCMD;
 }
 
+static int receive_with_tstamp_framing(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
+			const unsigned char *buffer, int src_count, const struct timespec64 *tstamp)
+{
+	struct snd_rawmidi_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct snd_rawmidi_framing_tstamp *dest_ptr;
+	struct snd_rawmidi_framing_tstamp frame = { .tv_sec = tstamp->tv_sec, .tv_nsec = tstamp->tv_nsec };
+	int dest_frames = 0;
+	int orig_count = src_count;
+	int frame_size = sizeof(struct snd_rawmidi_framing_tstamp);
+
+	BUILD_BUG_ON(frame_size != 0x20);
+	if (snd_BUG_ON((runtime->hw_ptr & 0x1f) != 0))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	while (src_count > 0) {
+		if ((int)(runtime->buffer_size - runtime->avail) < frame_size) {
+			runtime->xruns += src_count;
+			break;
+		}
+		if (src_count >= SNDRV_RAWMIDI_FRAMING_DATA_LENGTH)
+			frame.length = SNDRV_RAWMIDI_FRAMING_DATA_LENGTH;
+		else {
+			frame.length = src_count;
+			memset(frame.data, 0, SNDRV_RAWMIDI_FRAMING_DATA_LENGTH);
+		}
+		memcpy(frame.data, buffer, frame.length);
+		buffer += frame.length;
+		src_count -= frame.length;
+		dest_ptr = (struct snd_rawmidi_framing_tstamp *) (runtime->buffer + runtime->hw_ptr);
+		*dest_ptr = frame;
+		runtime->avail += frame_size;
+		runtime->hw_ptr += frame_size;
+		runtime->hw_ptr %= runtime->buffer_size;
+		dest_frames++;
+	}
+	return orig_count - src_count;
+}
+
+static struct timespec64 get_framing_tstamp(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct timespec64 ts64 = {0, 0};
+
+	switch (substream->clock_type) {
+	case SNDRV_RAWMIDI_MODE_CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW:
+		ktime_get_raw_ts64(&ts64);
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_RAWMIDI_MODE_CLOCK_MONOTONIC:
+		ktime_get_ts64(&ts64);
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_RAWMIDI_MODE_CLOCK_REALTIME:
+		ktime_get_real_ts64(&ts64);
+		break;
+	}
+	return ts64;
+}
+
 /**
  * snd_rawmidi_receive - receive the input data from the device
  * @substream: the rawmidi substream
@@ -977,6 +1052,7 @@ int snd_rawmidi_receive(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
 			const unsigned char *buffer, int count)
 {
 	unsigned long flags;
+	struct timespec64 ts64 = get_framing_tstamp(substream);
 	int result = 0, count1;
 	struct snd_rawmidi_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
 
@@ -987,8 +1063,11 @@ int snd_rawmidi_receive(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
 			  "snd_rawmidi_receive: input is not active!!!\n");
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
+
 	spin_lock_irqsave(&runtime->lock, flags);
-	if (count == 1) {	/* special case, faster code */
+	if (substream->framing == SNDRV_RAWMIDI_MODE_FRAMING_TSTAMP) {
+		result = receive_with_tstamp_framing(substream, buffer, count, &ts64);
+	} else if (count == 1) {	/* special case, faster code */
 		substream->bytes++;
 		if (runtime->avail < runtime->buffer_size) {
 			runtime->buffer[runtime->hw_ptr++] = buffer[0];
@@ -1541,6 +1620,8 @@ static void snd_rawmidi_proc_info_read(struct snd_info_entry *entry,
 	struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream;
 	struct snd_rawmidi_runtime *runtime;
 	unsigned long buffer_size, avail, xruns;
+	unsigned int clock_type;
+	static const char *clock_names[4] = { "none", "realtime", "monotonic", "monotonic raw" };
 
 	rmidi = entry->private_data;
 	snd_iprintf(buffer, "%s\n\n", rmidi->name);
@@ -1596,6 +1677,14 @@ static void snd_rawmidi_proc_info_read(struct snd_info_entry *entry,
 					    "  Avail        : %lu\n"
 					    "  Overruns     : %lu\n",
 					    buffer_size, avail, xruns);
+				if (substream->framing == SNDRV_RAWMIDI_MODE_FRAMING_TSTAMP) {
+					clock_type = substream->clock_type >> SNDRV_RAWMIDI_MODE_CLOCK_SHIFT;
+					if (!snd_BUG_ON(clock_type >= ARRAY_SIZE(clock_names)))
+						snd_iprintf(buffer,
+							    "  Framing      : tstamp\n"
+							    "  Clock type   : %s\n",
+							    clock_names[clock_type]);
+				}
 			}
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/sound/core/rawmidi_compat.c b/sound/core/rawmidi_compat.c
index 7397130976d0..68a93443583c 100644
--- a/sound/core/rawmidi_compat.c
+++ b/sound/core/rawmidi_compat.c
@@ -13,7 +13,8 @@ struct snd_rawmidi_params32 {
 	u32 buffer_size;
 	u32 avail_min;
 	unsigned int no_active_sensing; /* avoid bit-field */
-	unsigned char reserved[16];
+	unsigned int mode;
+	unsigned char reserved[12];
 } __attribute__((packed));
 
 static int snd_rawmidi_ioctl_params_compat(struct snd_rawmidi_file *rfile,
@@ -25,6 +26,7 @@ static int snd_rawmidi_ioctl_params_compat(struct snd_rawmidi_file *rfile,
 	if (get_user(params.stream, &src->stream) ||
 	    get_user(params.buffer_size, &src->buffer_size) ||
 	    get_user(params.avail_min, &src->avail_min) ||
+	    get_user(params.mode, &src->mode) ||
 	    get_user(val, &src->no_active_sensing))
 		return -EFAULT;
 	params.no_active_sensing = val;
diff --git a/sound/core/seq/oss/seq_oss.c b/sound/core/seq/oss/seq_oss.c
index 250a92b18726..77c1214acd90 100644
--- a/sound/core/seq/oss/seq_oss.c
+++ b/sound/core/seq/oss/seq_oss.c
@@ -67,13 +67,16 @@ static int __init alsa_seq_oss_init(void)
 {
 	int rc;
 
-	if ((rc = register_device()) < 0)
+	rc = register_device();
+	if (rc < 0)
 		goto error;
-	if ((rc = register_proc()) < 0) {
+	rc = register_proc();
+	if (rc < 0) {
 		unregister_device();
 		goto error;
 	}
-	if ((rc = snd_seq_oss_create_client()) < 0) {
+	rc = snd_seq_oss_create_client();
+	if (rc < 0) {
 		unregister_proc();
 		unregister_device();
 		goto error;
@@ -133,7 +136,8 @@ odev_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 {
 	struct seq_oss_devinfo *dp;
 
-	if ((dp = file->private_data) == NULL)
+	dp = file->private_data;
+	if (!dp)
 		return 0;
 
 	mutex_lock(&register_mutex);
@@ -226,16 +230,18 @@ register_device(void)
 	int rc;
 
 	mutex_lock(&register_mutex);
-	if ((rc = snd_register_oss_device(SNDRV_OSS_DEVICE_TYPE_SEQUENCER,
-					  NULL, 0,
-					  &seq_oss_f_ops, NULL)) < 0) {
+	rc = snd_register_oss_device(SNDRV_OSS_DEVICE_TYPE_SEQUENCER,
+				     NULL, 0,
+				     &seq_oss_f_ops, NULL);
+	if (rc < 0) {
 		pr_err("ALSA: seq_oss: can't register device seq\n");
 		mutex_unlock(&register_mutex);
 		return rc;
 	}
-	if ((rc = snd_register_oss_device(SNDRV_OSS_DEVICE_TYPE_MUSIC,
-					  NULL, 0,
-					  &seq_oss_f_ops, NULL)) < 0) {
+	rc = snd_register_oss_device(SNDRV_OSS_DEVICE_TYPE_MUSIC,
+				     NULL, 0,
+				     &seq_oss_f_ops, NULL);
+	if (rc < 0) {
 		pr_err("ALSA: seq_oss: can't register device music\n");
 		snd_unregister_oss_device(SNDRV_OSS_DEVICE_TYPE_SEQUENCER, NULL, 0);
 		mutex_unlock(&register_mutex);
diff --git a/sound/core/seq/oss/seq_oss_init.c b/sound/core/seq/oss/seq_oss_init.c
index 4534a154b8c8..0ee4a5081fd6 100644
--- a/sound/core/seq/oss/seq_oss_init.c
+++ b/sound/core/seq/oss/seq_oss_init.c
@@ -94,10 +94,10 @@ snd_seq_oss_create_client(void)
 	port_callback.event_input = receive_announce;
 	port->kernel = &port_callback;
 	
-	call_ctl(SNDRV_SEQ_IOCTL_CREATE_PORT, port);
-	if ((system_port = port->addr.port) >= 0) {
+	if (call_ctl(SNDRV_SEQ_IOCTL_CREATE_PORT, port) >= 0) {
 		struct snd_seq_port_subscribe subs;
 
+		system_port = port->addr.port;
 		memset(&subs, 0, sizeof(subs));
 		subs.sender.client = SNDRV_SEQ_CLIENT_SYSTEM;
 		subs.sender.port = SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_SYSTEM_ANNOUNCE;
@@ -354,7 +354,8 @@ alloc_seq_queue(struct seq_oss_devinfo *dp)
 	qinfo.owner = system_client;
 	qinfo.locked = 1;
 	strcpy(qinfo.name, "OSS Sequencer Emulation");
-	if ((rc = call_ctl(SNDRV_SEQ_IOCTL_CREATE_QUEUE, &qinfo)) < 0)
+	rc = call_ctl(SNDRV_SEQ_IOCTL_CREATE_QUEUE, &qinfo);
+	if (rc < 0)
 		return rc;
 	dp->queue = qinfo.queue;
 	return 0;
@@ -485,7 +486,8 @@ snd_seq_oss_system_info_read(struct snd_info_buffer *buf)
 	snd_iprintf(buf, "\nNumber of applications: %d\n", num_clients);
 	for (i = 0; i < num_clients; i++) {
 		snd_iprintf(buf, "\nApplication %d: ", i);
-		if ((dp = client_table[i]) == NULL) {
+		dp = client_table[i];
+		if (!dp) {
 			snd_iprintf(buf, "*empty*\n");
 			continue;
 		}
diff --git a/sound/core/seq/oss/seq_oss_midi.c b/sound/core/seq/oss/seq_oss_midi.c
index 3f82c196de46..1e3bf086f867 100644
--- a/sound/core/seq/oss/seq_oss_midi.c
+++ b/sound/core/seq/oss/seq_oss_midi.c
@@ -152,7 +152,8 @@ snd_seq_oss_midi_check_new_port(struct snd_seq_port_info *pinfo)
 	/*
 	 * look for the identical slot
 	 */
-	if ((mdev = find_slot(pinfo->addr.client, pinfo->addr.port)) != NULL) {
+	mdev = find_slot(pinfo->addr.client, pinfo->addr.port);
+	if (mdev) {
 		/* already exists */
 		snd_use_lock_free(&mdev->use_lock);
 		return 0;
@@ -218,7 +219,8 @@ snd_seq_oss_midi_check_exit_port(int client, int port)
 	unsigned long flags;
 	int index;
 
-	if ((mdev = find_slot(client, port)) != NULL) {
+	mdev = find_slot(client, port);
+	if (mdev) {
 		spin_lock_irqsave(&register_lock, flags);
 		midi_devs[mdev->seq_device] = NULL;
 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&register_lock, flags);
@@ -250,7 +252,8 @@ snd_seq_oss_midi_clear_all(void)
 
 	spin_lock_irqsave(&register_lock, flags);
 	for (i = 0; i < max_midi_devs; i++) {
-		if ((mdev = midi_devs[i]) != NULL) {
+		mdev = midi_devs[i];
+		if (mdev) {
 			snd_midi_event_free(mdev->coder);
 			kfree(mdev);
 			midi_devs[i] = NULL;
@@ -318,7 +321,8 @@ snd_seq_oss_midi_open(struct seq_oss_devinfo *dp, int dev, int fmode)
 	struct seq_oss_midi *mdev;
 	struct snd_seq_port_subscribe subs;
 
-	if ((mdev = get_mididev(dp, dev)) == NULL)
+	mdev = get_mididev(dp, dev);
+	if (!mdev)
 		return -ENODEV;
 
 	/* already used? */
@@ -384,7 +388,8 @@ snd_seq_oss_midi_close(struct seq_oss_devinfo *dp, int dev)
 	struct seq_oss_midi *mdev;
 	struct snd_seq_port_subscribe subs;
 
-	if ((mdev = get_mididev(dp, dev)) == NULL)
+	mdev = get_mididev(dp, dev);
+	if (!mdev)
 		return -ENODEV;
 	if (! mdev->opened || mdev->devinfo != dp) {
 		snd_use_lock_free(&mdev->use_lock);
@@ -421,7 +426,8 @@ snd_seq_oss_midi_filemode(struct seq_oss_devinfo *dp, int dev)
 	struct seq_oss_midi *mdev;
 	int mode;
 
-	if ((mdev = get_mididev(dp, dev)) == NULL)
+	mdev = get_mididev(dp, dev);
+	if (!mdev)
 		return 0;
 
 	mode = 0;
@@ -443,7 +449,8 @@ snd_seq_oss_midi_reset(struct seq_oss_devinfo *dp, int dev)
 {
 	struct seq_oss_midi *mdev;
 
-	if ((mdev = get_mididev(dp, dev)) == NULL)
+	mdev = get_mididev(dp, dev);
+	if (!mdev)
 		return;
 	if (! mdev->opened) {
 		snd_use_lock_free(&mdev->use_lock);
@@ -491,7 +498,8 @@ snd_seq_oss_midi_get_addr(struct seq_oss_devinfo *dp, int dev, struct snd_seq_ad
 {
 	struct seq_oss_midi *mdev;
 
-	if ((mdev = get_mididev(dp, dev)) == NULL)
+	mdev = get_mididev(dp, dev);
+	if (!mdev)
 		return;
 	addr->client = mdev->client;
 	addr->port = mdev->port;
@@ -511,7 +519,8 @@ snd_seq_oss_midi_input(struct snd_seq_event *ev, int direct, void *private_data)
 
 	if (dp->readq == NULL)
 		return 0;
-	if ((mdev = find_slot(ev->source.client, ev->source.port)) == NULL)
+	mdev = find_slot(ev->source.client, ev->source.port);
+	if (!mdev)
 		return 0;
 	if (! (mdev->opened & PERM_READ)) {
 		snd_use_lock_free(&mdev->use_lock);
@@ -623,7 +632,8 @@ snd_seq_oss_midi_putc(struct seq_oss_devinfo *dp, int dev, unsigned char c, stru
 {
 	struct seq_oss_midi *mdev;
 
-	if ((mdev = get_mididev(dp, dev)) == NULL)
+	mdev = get_mididev(dp, dev);
+	if (!mdev)
 		return -ENODEV;
 	if (snd_midi_event_encode_byte(mdev->coder, c, ev)) {
 		snd_seq_oss_fill_addr(dp, ev, mdev->client, mdev->port);
@@ -642,7 +652,8 @@ snd_seq_oss_midi_make_info(struct seq_oss_devinfo *dp, int dev, struct midi_info
 {
 	struct seq_oss_midi *mdev;
 
-	if ((mdev = get_mididev(dp, dev)) == NULL)
+	mdev = get_mididev(dp, dev);
+	if (!mdev)
 		return -ENXIO;
 	inf->device = dev;
 	inf->dev_type = 0; /* FIXME: ?? */
diff --git a/sound/core/seq/oss/seq_oss_rw.c b/sound/core/seq/oss/seq_oss_rw.c
index 537d5f423e20..8a142fd54a19 100644
--- a/sound/core/seq/oss/seq_oss_rw.c
+++ b/sound/core/seq/oss/seq_oss_rw.c
@@ -132,7 +132,8 @@ snd_seq_oss_write(struct seq_oss_devinfo *dp, const char __user *buf, int count,
 		}
 
 		/* insert queue */
-		if ((err = insert_queue(dp, &rec, opt)) < 0)
+		err = insert_queue(dp, &rec, opt);
+		if (err < 0)
 			break;
 
 		result += ev_size;
diff --git a/sound/core/seq/oss/seq_oss_synth.c b/sound/core/seq/oss/seq_oss_synth.c
index 722f5059b300..e3394919daa0 100644
--- a/sound/core/seq/oss/seq_oss_synth.c
+++ b/sound/core/seq/oss/seq_oss_synth.c
@@ -451,7 +451,8 @@ snd_seq_oss_synth_load_patch(struct seq_oss_devinfo *dp, int dev, int fmt,
 
 	if (info->is_midi)
 		return 0;
-	if ((rec = get_synthdev(dp, dev)) == NULL)
+	rec = get_synthdev(dp, dev);
+	if (!rec)
 		return -ENXIO;
 
 	if (rec->oper.load_patch == NULL)
@@ -569,7 +570,8 @@ snd_seq_oss_synth_ioctl(struct seq_oss_devinfo *dp, int dev, unsigned int cmd, u
 	info = get_synthinfo_nospec(dp, dev);
 	if (!info || info->is_midi)
 		return -ENXIO;
-	if ((rec = get_synthdev(dp, dev)) == NULL)
+	rec = get_synthdev(dp, dev);
+	if (!rec)
 		return -ENXIO;
 	if (rec->oper.ioctl == NULL)
 		rc = -ENXIO;
@@ -619,7 +621,8 @@ snd_seq_oss_synth_make_info(struct seq_oss_devinfo *dp, int dev, struct synth_in
 		inf->device = dev;
 		strscpy(inf->name, minf.name, sizeof(inf->name));
 	} else {
-		if ((rec = get_synthdev(dp, dev)) == NULL)
+		rec = get_synthdev(dp, dev);
+		if (!rec)
 			return -ENXIO;
 		inf->synth_type = rec->synth_type;
 		inf->synth_subtype = rec->synth_subtype;
diff --git a/sound/core/seq/oss/seq_oss_writeq.c b/sound/core/seq/oss/seq_oss_writeq.c
index 0a02a59103b4..3e3209ce53b1 100644
--- a/sound/core/seq/oss/seq_oss_writeq.c
+++ b/sound/core/seq/oss/seq_oss_writeq.c
@@ -27,7 +27,8 @@ snd_seq_oss_writeq_new(struct seq_oss_devinfo *dp, int maxlen)
 	struct seq_oss_writeq *q;
 	struct snd_seq_client_pool pool;
 
-	if ((q = kzalloc(sizeof(*q), GFP_KERNEL)) == NULL)
+	q = kzalloc(sizeof(*q), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!q)
 		return NULL;
 	q->dp = dp;
 	q->maxlen = maxlen;
diff --git a/sound/core/seq/seq_clientmgr.c b/sound/core/seq/seq_clientmgr.c
index b6a24fb5e76b..2e9d695d336c 100644
--- a/sound/core/seq/seq_clientmgr.c
+++ b/sound/core/seq/seq_clientmgr.c
@@ -416,7 +416,10 @@ static ssize_t snd_seq_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf, size_t count,
 	if (snd_BUG_ON(!client))
 		return -ENXIO;
 
-	if (!client->accept_input || (fifo = client->data.user.fifo) == NULL)
+	if (!client->accept_input)
+		return -ENXIO;
+	fifo = client->data.user.fifo;
+	if (!fifo)
 		return -ENXIO;
 
 	if (atomic_read(&fifo->overflow) > 0) {
@@ -435,9 +438,9 @@ static ssize_t snd_seq_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf, size_t count,
 		int nonblock;
 
 		nonblock = (file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) || result > 0;
-		if ((err = snd_seq_fifo_cell_out(fifo, &cell, nonblock)) < 0) {
+		err = snd_seq_fifo_cell_out(fifo, &cell, nonblock);
+		if (err < 0)
 			break;
-		}
 		if (snd_seq_ev_is_variable(&cell->event)) {
 			struct snd_seq_event tmpev;
 			tmpev = cell->event;
@@ -970,7 +973,8 @@ static int snd_seq_client_enqueue_event(struct snd_seq_client *client,
 		return err;
 
 	/* we got a cell. enqueue it. */
-	if ((err = snd_seq_enqueue_event(cell, atomic, hop)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_seq_enqueue_event(cell, atomic, hop);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_seq_cell_free(cell);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -1312,7 +1316,8 @@ static int snd_seq_ioctl_create_port(struct snd_seq_client *client, void *arg)
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
 	if (client->type == KERNEL_CLIENT) {
-		if ((callback = info->kernel) != NULL) {
+		callback = info->kernel;
+		if (callback) {
 			if (callback->owner)
 				port->owner = callback->owner;
 			port->private_data = callback->private_data;
@@ -1466,13 +1471,17 @@ static int snd_seq_ioctl_subscribe_port(struct snd_seq_client *client,
 	struct snd_seq_client *receiver = NULL, *sender = NULL;
 	struct snd_seq_client_port *sport = NULL, *dport = NULL;
 
-	if ((receiver = snd_seq_client_use_ptr(subs->dest.client)) == NULL)
+	receiver = snd_seq_client_use_ptr(subs->dest.client);
+	if (!receiver)
 		goto __end;
-	if ((sender = snd_seq_client_use_ptr(subs->sender.client)) == NULL)
+	sender = snd_seq_client_use_ptr(subs->sender.client);
+	if (!sender)
 		goto __end;
-	if ((sport = snd_seq_port_use_ptr(sender, subs->sender.port)) == NULL)
+	sport = snd_seq_port_use_ptr(sender, subs->sender.port);
+	if (!sport)
 		goto __end;
-	if ((dport = snd_seq_port_use_ptr(receiver, subs->dest.port)) == NULL)
+	dport = snd_seq_port_use_ptr(receiver, subs->dest.port);
+	if (!dport)
 		goto __end;
 
 	result = check_subscription_permission(client, sport, dport, subs);
@@ -1508,13 +1517,17 @@ static int snd_seq_ioctl_unsubscribe_port(struct snd_seq_client *client,
 	struct snd_seq_client *receiver = NULL, *sender = NULL;
 	struct snd_seq_client_port *sport = NULL, *dport = NULL;
 
-	if ((receiver = snd_seq_client_use_ptr(subs->dest.client)) == NULL)
+	receiver = snd_seq_client_use_ptr(subs->dest.client);
+	if (!receiver)
 		goto __end;
-	if ((sender = snd_seq_client_use_ptr(subs->sender.client)) == NULL)
+	sender = snd_seq_client_use_ptr(subs->sender.client);
+	if (!sender)
 		goto __end;
-	if ((sport = snd_seq_port_use_ptr(sender, subs->sender.port)) == NULL)
+	sport = snd_seq_port_use_ptr(sender, subs->sender.port);
+	if (!sport)
 		goto __end;
-	if ((dport = snd_seq_port_use_ptr(receiver, subs->dest.port)) == NULL)
+	dport = snd_seq_port_use_ptr(receiver, subs->dest.port);
+	if (!dport)
 		goto __end;
 
 	result = check_subscription_permission(client, sport, dport, subs);
@@ -1926,9 +1939,11 @@ static int snd_seq_ioctl_get_subscription(struct snd_seq_client *client,
 	struct snd_seq_client_port *sport = NULL;
 
 	result = -EINVAL;
-	if ((sender = snd_seq_client_use_ptr(subs->sender.client)) == NULL)
+	sender = snd_seq_client_use_ptr(subs->sender.client);
+	if (!sender)
 		goto __end;
-	if ((sport = snd_seq_port_use_ptr(sender, subs->sender.port)) == NULL)
+	sport = snd_seq_port_use_ptr(sender, subs->sender.port);
+	if (!sport)
 		goto __end;
 	result = snd_seq_port_get_subscription(&sport->c_src, &subs->dest,
 					       subs);
@@ -1955,9 +1970,11 @@ static int snd_seq_ioctl_query_subs(struct snd_seq_client *client, void *arg)
 	struct list_head *p;
 	int i;
 
-	if ((cptr = snd_seq_client_use_ptr(subs->root.client)) == NULL)
+	cptr = snd_seq_client_use_ptr(subs->root.client);
+	if (!cptr)
 		goto __end;
-	if ((port = snd_seq_port_use_ptr(cptr, subs->root.port)) == NULL)
+	port = snd_seq_port_use_ptr(cptr, subs->root.port);
+	if (!port)
 		goto __end;
 
 	switch (subs->type) {
diff --git a/sound/core/seq/seq_dummy.c b/sound/core/seq/seq_dummy.c
index cd5a4cad8881..ac760b1e3d12 100644
--- a/sound/core/seq/seq_dummy.c
+++ b/sound/core/seq/seq_dummy.c
@@ -109,7 +109,8 @@ create_port(int idx, int type)
 	struct snd_seq_port_callback pcb;
 	struct snd_seq_dummy_port *rec;
 
-	if ((rec = kzalloc(sizeof(*rec), GFP_KERNEL)) == NULL)
+	rec = kzalloc(sizeof(*rec), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!rec)
 		return NULL;
 
 	rec->client = my_client;
diff --git a/sound/core/seq/seq_fifo.c b/sound/core/seq/seq_fifo.c
index eaaa8b5830bb..f8e02e98709a 100644
--- a/sound/core/seq/seq_fifo.c
+++ b/sound/core/seq/seq_fifo.c
@@ -143,7 +143,8 @@ static struct snd_seq_event_cell *fifo_cell_out(struct snd_seq_fifo *f)
 {
 	struct snd_seq_event_cell *cell;
 
-	if ((cell = f->head) != NULL) {
+	cell = f->head;
+	if (cell) {
 		f->head = cell->next;
 
 		/* reset tail if this was the last element */
diff --git a/sound/core/seq/seq_memory.c b/sound/core/seq/seq_memory.c
index e245bb6ba533..b7aee23fc387 100644
--- a/sound/core/seq/seq_memory.c
+++ b/sound/core/seq/seq_memory.c
@@ -69,7 +69,8 @@ int snd_seq_dump_var_event(const struct snd_seq_event *event,
 	int len, err;
 	struct snd_seq_event_cell *cell;
 
-	if ((len = get_var_len(event)) <= 0)
+	len = get_var_len(event);
+	if (len <= 0)
 		return len;
 
 	if (event->data.ext.len & SNDRV_SEQ_EXT_USRPTR) {
@@ -133,7 +134,8 @@ int snd_seq_expand_var_event(const struct snd_seq_event *event, int count, char
 	int len, newlen;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((len = get_var_len(event)) < 0)
+	len = get_var_len(event);
+	if (len < 0)
 		return len;
 	newlen = len;
 	if (size_aligned > 0)
diff --git a/sound/core/seq/seq_midi.c b/sound/core/seq/seq_midi.c
index 6825940ea2cf..4589aac09154 100644
--- a/sound/core/seq/seq_midi.c
+++ b/sound/core/seq/seq_midi.c
@@ -101,7 +101,8 @@ static int dump_midi(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream, const char *buf, i
 	if (snd_BUG_ON(!substream || !buf))
 		return -EINVAL;
 	runtime = substream->runtime;
-	if ((tmp = runtime->avail) < count) {
+	tmp = runtime->avail;
+	if (tmp < count) {
 		if (printk_ratelimit())
 			pr_err("ALSA: seq_midi: MIDI output buffer overrun\n");
 		return -ENOMEM;
@@ -167,10 +168,11 @@ static int midisynth_subscribe(void *private_data, struct snd_seq_port_subscribe
 	struct snd_rawmidi_params params;
 
 	/* open midi port */
-	if ((err = snd_rawmidi_kernel_open(msynth->card, msynth->device,
-					   msynth->subdevice,
-					   SNDRV_RAWMIDI_LFLG_INPUT,
-					   &msynth->input_rfile)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_rawmidi_kernel_open(msynth->card, msynth->device,
+				      msynth->subdevice,
+				      SNDRV_RAWMIDI_LFLG_INPUT,
+				      &msynth->input_rfile);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		pr_debug("ALSA: seq_midi: midi input open failed!!!\n");
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -178,7 +180,8 @@ static int midisynth_subscribe(void *private_data, struct snd_seq_port_subscribe
 	memset(&params, 0, sizeof(params));
 	params.avail_min = 1;
 	params.buffer_size = input_buffer_size;
-	if ((err = snd_rawmidi_input_params(msynth->input_rfile.input, &params)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_rawmidi_input_params(msynth->input_rfile.input, &params);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_rawmidi_kernel_release(&msynth->input_rfile);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -209,10 +212,11 @@ static int midisynth_use(void *private_data, struct snd_seq_port_subscribe *info
 	struct snd_rawmidi_params params;
 
 	/* open midi port */
-	if ((err = snd_rawmidi_kernel_open(msynth->card, msynth->device,
-					   msynth->subdevice,
-					   SNDRV_RAWMIDI_LFLG_OUTPUT,
-					   &msynth->output_rfile)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_rawmidi_kernel_open(msynth->card, msynth->device,
+				      msynth->subdevice,
+				      SNDRV_RAWMIDI_LFLG_OUTPUT,
+				      &msynth->output_rfile);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		pr_debug("ALSA: seq_midi: midi output open failed!!!\n");
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -220,7 +224,8 @@ static int midisynth_use(void *private_data, struct snd_seq_port_subscribe *info
 	params.avail_min = 1;
 	params.buffer_size = output_buffer_size;
 	params.no_active_sensing = 1;
-	if ((err = snd_rawmidi_output_params(msynth->output_rfile.output, &params)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_rawmidi_output_params(msynth->output_rfile.output, &params);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_rawmidi_kernel_release(&msynth->output_rfile);
 		return err;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/core/seq/seq_queue.c b/sound/core/seq/seq_queue.c
index 13cfc2d47fa7..d6c02dea976c 100644
--- a/sound/core/seq/seq_queue.c
+++ b/sound/core/seq/seq_queue.c
@@ -222,7 +222,8 @@ struct snd_seq_queue *snd_seq_queue_find_name(char *name)
 	struct snd_seq_queue *q;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < SNDRV_SEQ_MAX_QUEUES; i++) {
-		if ((q = queueptr(i)) != NULL) {
+		q = queueptr(i);
+		if (q) {
 			if (strncmp(q->name, name, sizeof(q->name)) == 0)
 				return q;
 			queuefree(q);
@@ -432,7 +433,8 @@ int snd_seq_queue_timer_open(int queueid)
 	if (queue == NULL)
 		return -EINVAL;
 	tmr = queue->timer;
-	if ((result = snd_seq_timer_open(queue)) < 0) {
+	result = snd_seq_timer_open(queue);
+	if (result < 0) {
 		snd_seq_timer_defaults(tmr);
 		result = snd_seq_timer_open(queue);
 	}
@@ -548,7 +550,8 @@ void snd_seq_queue_client_leave(int client)
 
 	/* delete own queues from queue list */
 	for (i = 0; i < SNDRV_SEQ_MAX_QUEUES; i++) {
-		if ((q = queue_list_remove(i, client)) != NULL)
+		q = queue_list_remove(i, client);
+		if (q)
 			queue_delete(q);
 	}
 
@@ -556,7 +559,8 @@ void snd_seq_queue_client_leave(int client)
 	 * they are not owned by this client
 	 */
 	for (i = 0; i < SNDRV_SEQ_MAX_QUEUES; i++) {
-		if ((q = queueptr(i)) == NULL)
+		q = queueptr(i);
+		if (!q)
 			continue;
 		if (test_bit(client, q->clients_bitmap)) {
 			snd_seq_prioq_leave(q->tickq, client, 0);
@@ -578,7 +582,8 @@ void snd_seq_queue_client_leave_cells(int client)
 	struct snd_seq_queue *q;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < SNDRV_SEQ_MAX_QUEUES; i++) {
-		if ((q = queueptr(i)) == NULL)
+		q = queueptr(i);
+		if (!q)
 			continue;
 		snd_seq_prioq_leave(q->tickq, client, 0);
 		snd_seq_prioq_leave(q->timeq, client, 0);
@@ -593,7 +598,8 @@ void snd_seq_queue_remove_cells(int client, struct snd_seq_remove_events *info)
 	struct snd_seq_queue *q;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < SNDRV_SEQ_MAX_QUEUES; i++) {
-		if ((q = queueptr(i)) == NULL)
+		q = queueptr(i);
+		if (!q)
 			continue;
 		if (test_bit(client, q->clients_bitmap) &&
 		    (! (info->remove_mode & SNDRV_SEQ_REMOVE_DEST) ||
@@ -724,7 +730,8 @@ void snd_seq_info_queues_read(struct snd_info_entry *entry,
 	int owner;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < SNDRV_SEQ_MAX_QUEUES; i++) {
-		if ((q = queueptr(i)) == NULL)
+		q = queueptr(i);
+		if (!q)
 			continue;
 
 		tmr = q->timer;
diff --git a/sound/core/seq/seq_virmidi.c b/sound/core/seq/seq_virmidi.c
index 77d7037d1476..4abc38c70cae 100644
--- a/sound/core/seq/seq_virmidi.c
+++ b/sound/core/seq/seq_virmidi.c
@@ -482,10 +482,11 @@ int snd_virmidi_new(struct snd_card *card, int device, struct snd_rawmidi **rrmi
 	int err;
 	
 	*rrmidi = NULL;
-	if ((err = snd_rawmidi_new(card, "VirMidi", device,
-				   16,	/* may be configurable */
-				   16,	/* may be configurable */
-				   &rmidi)) < 0)
+	err = snd_rawmidi_new(card, "VirMidi", device,
+			      16,	/* may be configurable */
+			      16,	/* may be configurable */
+			      &rmidi);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	strcpy(rmidi->name, rmidi->id);
 	rdev = kzalloc(sizeof(*rdev), GFP_KERNEL);
diff --git a/sound/core/sgbuf.c b/sound/core/sgbuf.c
index 29ddb76187e5..232cf3f1bcb3 100644
--- a/sound/core/sgbuf.c
+++ b/sound/core/sgbuf.c
@@ -10,20 +10,34 @@
 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
 #include <linux/export.h>
 #include <sound/memalloc.h>
-
+#include "memalloc_local.h"
+
+struct snd_sg_page {
+	void *buf;
+	dma_addr_t addr;
+};
+
+struct snd_sg_buf {
+	int size;	/* allocated byte size */
+	int pages;	/* allocated pages */
+	int tblsize;	/* allocated table size */
+	struct snd_sg_page *table;	/* address table */
+	struct page **page_table;	/* page table (for vmap/vunmap) */
+	struct device *dev;
+};
 
 /* table entries are align to 32 */
 #define SGBUF_TBL_ALIGN		32
 #define sgbuf_align_table(tbl)	ALIGN((tbl), SGBUF_TBL_ALIGN)
 
-int snd_free_sgbuf_pages(struct snd_dma_buffer *dmab)
+static void snd_dma_sg_free(struct snd_dma_buffer *dmab)
 {
 	struct snd_sg_buf *sgbuf = dmab->private_data;
 	struct snd_dma_buffer tmpb;
 	int i;
 
-	if (! sgbuf)
-		return -EINVAL;
+	if (!sgbuf)
+		return;
 
 	vunmap(dmab->area);
 	dmab->area = NULL;
@@ -45,15 +59,11 @@ int snd_free_sgbuf_pages(struct snd_dma_buffer *dmab)
 	kfree(sgbuf->page_table);
 	kfree(sgbuf);
 	dmab->private_data = NULL;
-	
-	return 0;
 }
 
 #define MAX_ALLOC_PAGES		32
 
-void *snd_malloc_sgbuf_pages(struct device *device,
-			     size_t size, struct snd_dma_buffer *dmab,
-			     size_t *res_size)
+static int snd_dma_sg_alloc(struct snd_dma_buffer *dmab, size_t size)
 {
 	struct snd_sg_buf *sgbuf;
 	unsigned int i, pages, chunk, maxpages;
@@ -63,18 +73,16 @@ void *snd_malloc_sgbuf_pages(struct device *device,
 	int type = SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV;
 	pgprot_t prot = PAGE_KERNEL;
 
-	dmab->area = NULL;
-	dmab->addr = 0;
 	dmab->private_data = sgbuf = kzalloc(sizeof(*sgbuf), GFP_KERNEL);
-	if (! sgbuf)
-		return NULL;
+	if (!sgbuf)
+		return -ENOMEM;
 	if (dmab->dev.type == SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV_UC_SG) {
 		type = SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV_UC;
 #ifdef pgprot_noncached
 		prot = pgprot_noncached(PAGE_KERNEL);
 #endif
 	}
-	sgbuf->dev = device;
+	sgbuf->dev = dmab->dev.dev;
 	pages = snd_sgbuf_aligned_pages(size);
 	sgbuf->tblsize = sgbuf_align_table(pages);
 	table = kcalloc(sgbuf->tblsize, sizeof(*table), GFP_KERNEL);
@@ -94,12 +102,10 @@ void *snd_malloc_sgbuf_pages(struct device *device,
 		if (chunk > maxpages)
 			chunk = maxpages;
 		chunk <<= PAGE_SHIFT;
-		if (snd_dma_alloc_pages_fallback(type, device,
+		if (snd_dma_alloc_pages_fallback(type, dmab->dev.dev,
 						 chunk, &tmpb) < 0) {
 			if (!sgbuf->pages)
 				goto _failed;
-			if (!res_size)
-				goto _failed;
 			size = sgbuf->pages * PAGE_SIZE;
 			break;
 		}
@@ -124,27 +130,42 @@ void *snd_malloc_sgbuf_pages(struct device *device,
 	dmab->area = vmap(sgbuf->page_table, sgbuf->pages, VM_MAP, prot);
 	if (! dmab->area)
 		goto _failed;
-	if (res_size)
-		*res_size = sgbuf->size;
-	return dmab->area;
+	return 0;
 
  _failed:
-	snd_free_sgbuf_pages(dmab); /* free the table */
-	return NULL;
+	snd_dma_sg_free(dmab); /* free the table */
+	return -ENOMEM;
 }
 
-/*
- * compute the max chunk size with continuous pages on sg-buffer
- */
-unsigned int snd_sgbuf_get_chunk_size(struct snd_dma_buffer *dmab,
-				      unsigned int ofs, unsigned int size)
+static dma_addr_t snd_dma_sg_get_addr(struct snd_dma_buffer *dmab,
+				      size_t offset)
+{
+	struct snd_sg_buf *sgbuf = dmab->private_data;
+	dma_addr_t addr;
+
+	addr = sgbuf->table[offset >> PAGE_SHIFT].addr;
+	addr &= ~((dma_addr_t)PAGE_SIZE - 1);
+	return addr + offset % PAGE_SIZE;
+}
+
+static struct page *snd_dma_sg_get_page(struct snd_dma_buffer *dmab,
+					size_t offset)
+{
+	struct snd_sg_buf *sgbuf = dmab->private_data;
+	unsigned int idx = offset >> PAGE_SHIFT;
+
+	if (idx >= (unsigned int)sgbuf->pages)
+		return NULL;
+	return sgbuf->page_table[idx];
+}
+
+static unsigned int snd_dma_sg_get_chunk_size(struct snd_dma_buffer *dmab,
+					      unsigned int ofs,
+					      unsigned int size)
 {
 	struct snd_sg_buf *sg = dmab->private_data;
 	unsigned int start, end, pg;
 
-	if (!sg)
-		return size;
-
 	start = ofs >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 	end = (ofs + size - 1) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 	/* check page continuity */
@@ -160,4 +181,11 @@ unsigned int snd_sgbuf_get_chunk_size(struct snd_dma_buffer *dmab,
 	/* ok, all on continuous pages */
 	return size;
 }
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_sgbuf_get_chunk_size);
+
+const struct snd_malloc_ops snd_dma_sg_ops = {
+	.alloc = snd_dma_sg_alloc,
+	.free = snd_dma_sg_free,
+	.get_addr = snd_dma_sg_get_addr,
+	.get_page = snd_dma_sg_get_page,
+	.get_chunk_size = snd_dma_sg_get_chunk_size,
+};
diff --git a/sound/core/sound.c b/sound/core/sound.c
index af89e51dd44a..df5571d98629 100644
--- a/sound/core/sound.c
+++ b/sound/core/sound.c
@@ -357,7 +357,8 @@ static void snd_minor_info_read(struct snd_info_entry *entry, struct snd_info_bu
 
 	mutex_lock(&sound_mutex);
 	for (minor = 0; minor < SNDRV_OS_MINORS; ++minor) {
-		if (!(mptr = snd_minors[minor]))
+		mptr = snd_minors[minor];
+		if (!mptr)
 			continue;
 		if (mptr->card >= 0) {
 			if (mptr->device >= 0)
diff --git a/sound/core/sound_oss.c b/sound/core/sound_oss.c
index 610f317bea9d..7ed0a2a91035 100644
--- a/sound/core/sound_oss.c
+++ b/sound/core/sound_oss.c
@@ -217,7 +217,8 @@ static void snd_minor_info_oss_read(struct snd_info_entry *entry,
 
 	mutex_lock(&sound_oss_mutex);
 	for (minor = 0; minor < SNDRV_OSS_MINORS; ++minor) {
-		if (!(mptr = snd_oss_minors[minor]))
+		mptr = snd_oss_minors[minor];
+		if (!mptr)
 			continue;
 		if (mptr->card >= 0)
 			snd_iprintf(buffer, "%3i: [%i-%2i]: %s\n", minor,
diff --git a/sound/drivers/mpu401/mpu401.c b/sound/drivers/mpu401/mpu401.c
index 8c552e25805a..d0b55dbb411a 100644
--- a/sound/drivers/mpu401/mpu401.c
+++ b/sound/drivers/mpu401/mpu401.c
@@ -104,7 +104,8 @@ static int snd_mpu401_probe(struct platform_device *devptr)
 	err = snd_mpu401_create(&devptr->dev, dev, &card);
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
-	if ((err = snd_card_register(card)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -182,7 +183,8 @@ static int snd_mpu401_pnp_probe(struct pnp_dev *pnp_dev,
 		err = snd_mpu401_create(&pnp_dev->dev, dev, &card);
 		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
-		if ((err = snd_card_register(card)) < 0) {
+		err = snd_card_register(card);
+		if (err < 0) {
 			snd_card_free(card);
 			return err;
 		}
@@ -227,7 +229,8 @@ static int __init alsa_card_mpu401_init(void)
 {
 	int i, err;
 
-	if ((err = platform_driver_register(&snd_mpu401_driver)) < 0)
+	err = platform_driver_register(&snd_mpu401_driver);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < SNDRV_CARDS; i++) {
diff --git a/sound/drivers/mpu401/mpu401_uart.c b/sound/drivers/mpu401/mpu401_uart.c
index 65982d6babfc..f435b9b4ae24 100644
--- a/sound/drivers/mpu401/mpu401_uart.c
+++ b/sound/drivers/mpu401/mpu401_uart.c
@@ -271,8 +271,11 @@ static int snd_mpu401_uart_input_open(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
 	int err;
 
 	mpu = substream->rmidi->private_data;
-	if (mpu->open_input && (err = mpu->open_input(mpu)) < 0)
-		return err;
+	if (mpu->open_input) {
+		err = mpu->open_input(mpu);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
 	if (! test_bit(MPU401_MODE_BIT_OUTPUT, &mpu->mode)) {
 		if (snd_mpu401_do_reset(mpu) < 0)
 			goto error_out;
@@ -293,8 +296,11 @@ static int snd_mpu401_uart_output_open(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
 	int err;
 
 	mpu = substream->rmidi->private_data;
-	if (mpu->open_output && (err = mpu->open_output(mpu)) < 0)
-		return err;
+	if (mpu->open_output) {
+		err = mpu->open_output(mpu);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
 	if (! test_bit(MPU401_MODE_BIT_INPUT, &mpu->mode)) {
 		if (snd_mpu401_do_reset(mpu) < 0)
 			goto error_out;
@@ -524,8 +530,9 @@ int snd_mpu401_uart_new(struct snd_card *card, int device,
 		info_flags |= MPU401_INFO_INPUT | MPU401_INFO_OUTPUT;
 	in_enable = (info_flags & MPU401_INFO_INPUT) ? 1 : 0;
 	out_enable = (info_flags & MPU401_INFO_OUTPUT) ? 1 : 0;
-	if ((err = snd_rawmidi_new(card, "MPU-401U", device,
-				   out_enable, in_enable, &rmidi)) < 0)
+	err = snd_rawmidi_new(card, "MPU-401U", device,
+			      out_enable, in_enable, &rmidi);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	mpu = kzalloc(sizeof(*mpu), GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (!mpu) {
diff --git a/sound/drivers/mtpav.c b/sound/drivers/mtpav.c
index df4b7f9cd50f..0e95b08d34d6 100644
--- a/sound/drivers/mtpav.c
+++ b/sound/drivers/mtpav.c
@@ -566,7 +566,8 @@ static irqreturn_t snd_mtpav_irqh(int irq, void *dev_id)
  */
 static int snd_mtpav_get_ISA(struct mtpav *mcard)
 {
-	if ((mcard->res_port = request_region(port, 3, "MotuMTPAV MIDI")) == NULL) {
+	mcard->res_port = request_region(port, 3, "MotuMTPAV MIDI");
+	if (!mcard->res_port) {
 		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "MTVAP port 0x%lx is busy\n", port);
 		return -EBUSY;
 	}
@@ -628,10 +629,11 @@ static int snd_mtpav_get_RAWMIDI(struct mtpav *mcard)
 		hwports = 8;
 	mcard->num_ports = hwports;
 
-	if ((rval = snd_rawmidi_new(mcard->card, "MotuMIDI", 0,
-				    mcard->num_ports * 2 + MTPAV_PIDX_BROADCAST + 1,
-				    mcard->num_ports * 2 + MTPAV_PIDX_BROADCAST + 1,
-				    &mcard->rmidi)) < 0)
+	rval = snd_rawmidi_new(mcard->card, "MotuMIDI", 0,
+			       mcard->num_ports * 2 + MTPAV_PIDX_BROADCAST + 1,
+			       mcard->num_ports * 2 + MTPAV_PIDX_BROADCAST + 1,
+			       &mcard->rmidi);
+	if (rval < 0)
 		return rval;
 	rawmidi = mcard->rmidi;
 	rawmidi->private_data = mcard;
@@ -744,7 +746,8 @@ static int __init alsa_card_mtpav_init(void)
 {
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = platform_driver_register(&snd_mtpav_driver)) < 0)
+	err = platform_driver_register(&snd_mtpav_driver);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	device = platform_device_register_simple(SND_MTPAV_DRIVER, -1, NULL, 0);
diff --git a/sound/drivers/mts64.c b/sound/drivers/mts64.c
index 322d530ab07b..d3bc9e8c407d 100644
--- a/sound/drivers/mts64.c
+++ b/sound/drivers/mts64.c
@@ -950,7 +950,8 @@ static int snd_mts64_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 		goto free_pardev;
 	}
 
-	if ((err = snd_mts64_create(card, pardev, &mts)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_mts64_create(card, pardev, &mts);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_printd("Cannot create main component\n");
 		goto release_pardev;
 	}
@@ -963,19 +964,22 @@ static int snd_mts64_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 		goto __err;
 	}
 	
-	if ((err = snd_mts64_rawmidi_create(card)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_mts64_rawmidi_create(card);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_printd("Creating Rawmidi component failed\n");
 		goto __err;
 	}
 
 	/* init device */
-	if ((err = mts64_device_init(p)) < 0)
+	err = mts64_device_init(p);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto __err;
 
 	platform_set_drvdata(pdev, card);
 
 	/* At this point card will be usable */
-	if ((err = snd_card_register(card)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_printd("Cannot register card\n");
 		goto __err;
 	}
@@ -1031,7 +1035,8 @@ static int __init snd_mts64_module_init(void)
 {
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = platform_driver_register(&snd_mts64_driver)) < 0)
+	err = platform_driver_register(&snd_mts64_driver);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	if (parport_register_driver(&mts64_parport_driver) != 0) {
diff --git a/sound/drivers/opl3/opl3_lib.c b/sound/drivers/opl3/opl3_lib.c
index 9259522483c8..6c1f1cc092d8 100644
--- a/sound/drivers/opl3/opl3_lib.c
+++ b/sound/drivers/opl3/opl3_lib.c
@@ -243,7 +243,8 @@ static int snd_opl3_timer1_init(struct snd_opl3 * opl3, int timer_no)
 	tid.card = opl3->card->number;
 	tid.device = timer_no;
 	tid.subdevice = 0;
-	if ((err = snd_timer_new(opl3->card, "AdLib timer #1", &tid, &timer)) >= 0) {
+	err = snd_timer_new(opl3->card, "AdLib timer #1", &tid, &timer);
+	if (err >= 0) {
 		strcpy(timer->name, "AdLib timer #1");
 		timer->private_data = opl3;
 		timer->hw = snd_opl3_timer1;
@@ -263,7 +264,8 @@ static int snd_opl3_timer2_init(struct snd_opl3 * opl3, int timer_no)
 	tid.card = opl3->card->number;
 	tid.device = timer_no;
 	tid.subdevice = 0;
-	if ((err = snd_timer_new(opl3->card, "AdLib timer #2", &tid, &timer)) >= 0) {
+	err = snd_timer_new(opl3->card, "AdLib timer #2", &tid, &timer);
+	if (err >= 0) {
 		strcpy(timer->name, "AdLib timer #2");
 		timer->private_data = opl3;
 		timer->hw = snd_opl3_timer2;
@@ -348,7 +350,8 @@ int snd_opl3_new(struct snd_card *card,
 	spin_lock_init(&opl3->reg_lock);
 	spin_lock_init(&opl3->timer_lock);
 
-	if ((err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_CODEC, opl3, &ops)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_CODEC, opl3, &ops);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_opl3_free(opl3);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -396,19 +399,23 @@ int snd_opl3_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	int err;
 
 	*ropl3 = NULL;
-	if ((err = snd_opl3_new(card, hardware, &opl3)) < 0)
+	err = snd_opl3_new(card, hardware, &opl3);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	if (! integrated) {
-		if ((opl3->res_l_port = request_region(l_port, 2, "OPL2/3 (left)")) == NULL) {
+		opl3->res_l_port = request_region(l_port, 2, "OPL2/3 (left)");
+		if (!opl3->res_l_port) {
 			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "opl3: can't grab left port 0x%lx\n", l_port);
 			snd_device_free(card, opl3);
 			return -EBUSY;
 		}
-		if (r_port != 0 &&
-		    (opl3->res_r_port = request_region(r_port, 2, "OPL2/3 (right)")) == NULL) {
-			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "opl3: can't grab right port 0x%lx\n", r_port);
-			snd_device_free(card, opl3);
-			return -EBUSY;
+		if (r_port != 0) {
+			opl3->res_r_port = request_region(r_port, 2, "OPL2/3 (right)");
+			if (!opl3->res_r_port) {
+				snd_printk(KERN_ERR "opl3: can't grab right port 0x%lx\n", r_port);
+				snd_device_free(card, opl3);
+				return -EBUSY;
+			}
 		}
 	}
 	opl3->l_port = l_port;
@@ -423,7 +430,8 @@ int snd_opl3_create(struct snd_card *card,
 		break;
 	default:
 		opl3->command = &snd_opl2_command;
-		if ((err = snd_opl3_detect(opl3)) < 0) {
+		err = snd_opl3_detect(opl3);
+		if (err < 0) {
 			snd_printd("OPL2/3 chip not detected at 0x%lx/0x%lx\n",
 				   opl3->l_port, opl3->r_port);
 			snd_device_free(card, opl3);
@@ -449,11 +457,14 @@ int snd_opl3_timer_new(struct snd_opl3 * opl3, int timer1_dev, int timer2_dev)
 {
 	int err;
 
-	if (timer1_dev >= 0)
-		if ((err = snd_opl3_timer1_init(opl3, timer1_dev)) < 0)
+	if (timer1_dev >= 0) {
+		err = snd_opl3_timer1_init(opl3, timer1_dev);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
+	}
 	if (timer2_dev >= 0) {
-		if ((err = snd_opl3_timer2_init(opl3, timer2_dev)) < 0) {
+		err = snd_opl3_timer2_init(opl3, timer2_dev);
+		if (err < 0) {
 			snd_device_free(opl3->card, opl3->timer1);
 			opl3->timer1 = NULL;
 			return err;
@@ -477,7 +488,8 @@ int snd_opl3_hwdep_new(struct snd_opl3 * opl3,
 
 	/* create hardware dependent device (direct FM) */
 
-	if ((err = snd_hwdep_new(card, "OPL2/OPL3", device, &hw)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_hwdep_new(card, "OPL2/OPL3", device, &hw);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_device_free(card, opl3);
 		return err;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/drivers/opl3/opl3_midi.c b/sound/drivers/opl3/opl3_midi.c
index eb23c55323ae..e1b69c65c3c8 100644
--- a/sound/drivers/opl3/opl3_midi.c
+++ b/sound/drivers/opl3/opl3_midi.c
@@ -180,8 +180,7 @@ static int opl3_get_voice(struct snd_opl3 *opl3, int instr_4op,
 			if (vp2->state == SNDRV_OPL3_ST_ON_2OP) {
 				/* kill two voices, EXPENSIVE */
 				bp++;
-				voice_time = (voice_time > vp->time) ?
-					voice_time : vp->time;
+				voice_time = max(voice_time, vp2->time);
 			}
 		} else {
 			/* allocate 2op voice */
diff --git a/sound/drivers/opl3/opl3_oss.c b/sound/drivers/opl3/opl3_oss.c
index c82c7c1c0714..7645365eec89 100644
--- a/sound/drivers/opl3/opl3_oss.c
+++ b/sound/drivers/opl3/opl3_oss.c
@@ -136,7 +136,8 @@ static int snd_opl3_open_seq_oss(struct snd_seq_oss_arg *arg, void *closure)
 	if (snd_BUG_ON(!arg))
 		return -ENXIO;
 
-	if ((err = snd_opl3_synth_setup(opl3)) < 0)
+	err = snd_opl3_synth_setup(opl3);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	/* fill the argument data */
@@ -144,7 +145,8 @@ static int snd_opl3_open_seq_oss(struct snd_seq_oss_arg *arg, void *closure)
 	arg->addr.client = opl3->oss_chset->client;
 	arg->addr.port = opl3->oss_chset->port;
 
-	if ((err = snd_opl3_synth_use_inc(opl3)) < 0)
+	err = snd_opl3_synth_use_inc(opl3);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	opl3->synth_mode = SNDRV_OPL3_MODE_SYNTH;
diff --git a/sound/drivers/opl3/opl3_seq.c b/sound/drivers/opl3/opl3_seq.c
index cd2a01b5e2e1..75de1299c3dc 100644
--- a/sound/drivers/opl3/opl3_seq.c
+++ b/sound/drivers/opl3/opl3_seq.c
@@ -92,7 +92,8 @@ static int snd_opl3_synth_use(void *private_data, struct snd_seq_port_subscribe
 	struct snd_opl3 *opl3 = private_data;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_opl3_synth_setup(opl3)) < 0)
+	err = snd_opl3_synth_setup(opl3);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	if (use_internal_drums) {
@@ -107,7 +108,8 @@ static int snd_opl3_synth_use(void *private_data, struct snd_seq_port_subscribe
 	}
 
 	if (info->sender.client != SNDRV_SEQ_CLIENT_SYSTEM) {
-		if ((err = snd_opl3_synth_use_inc(opl3)) < 0)
+		err = snd_opl3_synth_use_inc(opl3);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 	opl3->synth_mode = SNDRV_OPL3_MODE_SEQ;
@@ -227,7 +229,8 @@ static int snd_opl3_seq_probe(struct device *_dev)
 	if (client < 0)
 		return client;
 
-	if ((err = snd_opl3_synth_create_port(opl3)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_opl3_synth_create_port(opl3);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_seq_delete_kernel_client(client);
 		opl3->seq_client = -1;
 		return err;
diff --git a/sound/drivers/portman2x4.c b/sound/drivers/portman2x4.c
index 2f4514ed47c5..52a656735365 100644
--- a/sound/drivers/portman2x4.c
+++ b/sound/drivers/portman2x4.c
@@ -749,7 +749,8 @@ static int snd_portman_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 		goto free_pardev;
 	}
 
-	if ((err = portman_create(card, pardev, &pm)) < 0) {
+	err = portman_create(card, pardev, &pm);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_printd("Cannot create main component\n");
 		goto release_pardev;
 	}
@@ -762,19 +763,22 @@ static int snd_portman_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 		goto __err;
 	}
 	
-	if ((err = snd_portman_rawmidi_create(card)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_portman_rawmidi_create(card);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_printd("Creating Rawmidi component failed\n");
 		goto __err;
 	}
 
 	/* init device */
-	if ((err = portman_device_init(pm)) < 0)
+	err = portman_device_init(pm);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto __err;
 
 	platform_set_drvdata(pdev, card);
 
 	/* At this point card will be usable */
-	if ((err = snd_card_register(card)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_printd("Cannot register card\n");
 		goto __err;
 	}
@@ -831,7 +835,8 @@ static int __init snd_portman_module_init(void)
 {
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = platform_driver_register(&snd_portman_driver)) < 0)
+	err = platform_driver_register(&snd_portman_driver);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	if (parport_register_driver(&portman_parport_driver) != 0) {
diff --git a/sound/drivers/serial-u16550.c b/sound/drivers/serial-u16550.c
index 6d5d1ca59ecf..da9983cba01c 100644
--- a/sound/drivers/serial-u16550.c
+++ b/sound/drivers/serial-u16550.c
@@ -783,7 +783,8 @@ static int snd_uart16550_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	int err;
 
 
-	if ((uart = kzalloc(sizeof(*uart), GFP_KERNEL)) == NULL)
+	uart = kzalloc(sizeof(*uart), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!uart)
 		return -ENOMEM;
 	uart->adaptor = adaptor;
 	uart->card = card;
@@ -792,7 +793,8 @@ static int snd_uart16550_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	uart->base = iobase;
 	uart->drop_on_full = droponfull;
 
-	if ((err = snd_uart16550_detect(uart)) <= 0) {
+	err = snd_uart16550_detect(uart);
+	if (err <= 0) {
 		printk(KERN_ERR "no UART detected at 0x%lx\n", iobase);
 		snd_uart16550_free(uart);
 		return -ENODEV;
@@ -818,7 +820,8 @@ static int snd_uart16550_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	uart->timer_running = 0;
 
 	/* Register device */
-	if ((err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, uart, &ops)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, uart, &ops);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_uart16550_free(uart);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -932,14 +935,10 @@ static int snd_serial_probe(struct platform_device *devptr)
 	strcpy(card->driver, "Serial");
 	strcpy(card->shortname, "Serial MIDI (UART16550A)");
 
-	if ((err = snd_uart16550_create(card,
-					port[dev],
-					irq[dev],
-					speed[dev],
-					base[dev],
-					adaptor[dev],
-					droponfull[dev],
-					&uart)) < 0)
+	err = snd_uart16550_create(card, port[dev], irq[dev], speed[dev],
+				   base[dev], adaptor[dev], droponfull[dev],
+				   &uart);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto _err;
 
 	err = snd_uart16550_rmidi(uart, 0, outs[dev], ins[dev], &uart->rmidi);
@@ -952,7 +951,8 @@ static int snd_serial_probe(struct platform_device *devptr)
 		uart->base,
 		uart->irq);
 
-	if ((err = snd_card_register(card)) < 0)
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto _err;
 
 	platform_set_drvdata(devptr, card);
@@ -992,7 +992,8 @@ static int __init alsa_card_serial_init(void)
 {
 	int i, cards, err;
 
-	if ((err = platform_driver_register(&snd_serial_driver)) < 0)
+	err = platform_driver_register(&snd_serial_driver);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	cards = 0;
diff --git a/sound/drivers/vx/vx_core.c b/sound/drivers/vx/vx_core.c
index a22e5b1a5458..a10449af5a76 100644
--- a/sound/drivers/vx/vx_core.c
+++ b/sound/drivers/vx/vx_core.c
@@ -110,20 +110,25 @@ static int vx_transfer_end(struct vx_core *chip, int cmd)
 {
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = vx_reset_chk(chip)) < 0)
+	err = vx_reset_chk(chip);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	/* irq MESS_READ/WRITE_END */
-	if ((err = vx_send_irq_dsp(chip, cmd)) < 0)
+	err = vx_send_irq_dsp(chip, cmd);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	/* Wait CHK = 1 */
-	if ((err = vx_wait_isr_bit(chip, ISR_CHK)) < 0)
+	err = vx_wait_isr_bit(chip, ISR_CHK);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	/* If error, Read RX */
-	if ((err = vx_inb(chip, ISR)) & ISR_ERR) {
-		if ((err = vx_wait_for_rx_full(chip)) < 0) {
+	err = vx_inb(chip, ISR);
+	if (err & ISR_ERR) {
+		err = vx_wait_for_rx_full(chip);
+		if (err < 0) {
 			snd_printd(KERN_DEBUG "transfer_end: error in rx_full\n");
 			return err;
 		}
@@ -232,7 +237,8 @@ int vx_send_msg_nolock(struct vx_core *chip, struct vx_rmh *rmh)
 	if (chip->chip_status & VX_STAT_IS_STALE)
 		return -EBUSY;
 
-	if ((err = vx_reset_chk(chip)) < 0) {
+	err = vx_reset_chk(chip);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_printd(KERN_DEBUG "vx_send_msg: vx_reset_chk error\n");
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -254,7 +260,8 @@ int vx_send_msg_nolock(struct vx_core *chip, struct vx_rmh *rmh)
 		rmh->Cmd[0] &= MASK_1_WORD_COMMAND;
 
 	/* Wait for TX empty */
-	if ((err = vx_wait_isr_bit(chip, ISR_TX_EMPTY)) < 0) {
+	err = vx_wait_isr_bit(chip, ISR_TX_EMPTY);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_printd(KERN_DEBUG "vx_send_msg: wait tx empty error\n");
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -265,18 +272,21 @@ int vx_send_msg_nolock(struct vx_core *chip, struct vx_rmh *rmh)
 	vx_outb(chip, TXL, rmh->Cmd[0] & 0xff);
 
 	/* Trigger irq MESSAGE */
-	if ((err = vx_send_irq_dsp(chip, IRQ_MESSAGE)) < 0) {
+	err = vx_send_irq_dsp(chip, IRQ_MESSAGE);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_printd(KERN_DEBUG "vx_send_msg: send IRQ_MESSAGE error\n");
 		return err;
 	}
 
 	/* Wait for CHK = 1 */
-	if ((err = vx_wait_isr_bit(chip, ISR_CHK)) < 0)
+	err = vx_wait_isr_bit(chip, ISR_CHK);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	/* If error, get error value from RX */
 	if (vx_inb(chip, ISR) & ISR_ERR) {
-		if ((err = vx_wait_for_rx_full(chip)) < 0) {
+		err = vx_wait_for_rx_full(chip);
+		if (err < 0) {
 			snd_printd(KERN_DEBUG "vx_send_msg: rx_full read error\n");
 			return err;
 		}
@@ -292,7 +302,8 @@ int vx_send_msg_nolock(struct vx_core *chip, struct vx_rmh *rmh)
 	if (rmh->LgCmd > 1) {
 		for (i = 1; i < rmh->LgCmd; i++) {
 			/* Wait for TX ready */
-			if ((err = vx_wait_isr_bit(chip, ISR_TX_READY)) < 0) {
+			err = vx_wait_isr_bit(chip, ISR_TX_READY);
+			if (err < 0) {
 				snd_printd(KERN_DEBUG "vx_send_msg: tx_ready error\n");
 				return err;
 			}
@@ -303,13 +314,15 @@ int vx_send_msg_nolock(struct vx_core *chip, struct vx_rmh *rmh)
 			vx_outb(chip, TXL, rmh->Cmd[i] & 0xff);
 
 			/* Trigger irq MESS_READ_NEXT */
-			if ((err = vx_send_irq_dsp(chip, IRQ_MESS_READ_NEXT)) < 0) {
+			err = vx_send_irq_dsp(chip, IRQ_MESS_READ_NEXT);
+			if (err < 0) {
 				snd_printd(KERN_DEBUG "vx_send_msg: IRQ_READ_NEXT error\n");
 				return err;
 			}
 		}
 		/* Wait for TX empty */
-		if ((err = vx_wait_isr_bit(chip, ISR_TX_READY)) < 0) {
+		err = vx_wait_isr_bit(chip, ISR_TX_READY);
+		if (err < 0) {
 			snd_printd(KERN_DEBUG "vx_send_msg: TX_READY error\n");
 			return err;
 		}
@@ -362,17 +375,21 @@ int vx_send_rih_nolock(struct vx_core *chip, int cmd)
 #if 0
 	printk(KERN_DEBUG "send_rih: cmd = 0x%x\n", cmd);
 #endif
-	if ((err = vx_reset_chk(chip)) < 0)
+	err = vx_reset_chk(chip);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	/* send the IRQ */
-	if ((err = vx_send_irq_dsp(chip, cmd)) < 0)
+	err = vx_send_irq_dsp(chip, cmd);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	/* Wait CHK = 1 */
-	if ((err = vx_wait_isr_bit(chip, ISR_CHK)) < 0)
+	err = vx_wait_isr_bit(chip, ISR_CHK);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	/* If error, read RX */
 	if (vx_inb(chip, ISR) & ISR_ERR) {
-		if ((err = vx_wait_for_rx_full(chip)) < 0)
+		err = vx_wait_for_rx_full(chip);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 		err = vx_inb(chip, RXH) << 16;
 		err |= vx_inb(chip, RXM) << 8;
@@ -648,7 +665,8 @@ int snd_vx_dsp_boot(struct vx_core *chip, const struct firmware *boot)
 	vx_reset_board(chip, cold_reset);
 	vx_validate_irq(chip, 0);
 
-	if ((err = snd_vx_load_boot_image(chip, boot)) < 0)
+	err = snd_vx_load_boot_image(chip, boot);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	msleep(10);
 
@@ -678,7 +696,8 @@ int snd_vx_dsp_load(struct vx_core *chip, const struct firmware *dsp)
 	for (i = 0; i < dsp->size; i += 3) {
 		image = dsp->data + i;
 		/* Wait DSP ready for a new read */
-		if ((err = vx_wait_isr_bit(chip, ISR_TX_EMPTY)) < 0) {
+		err = vx_wait_isr_bit(chip, ISR_TX_EMPTY);
+		if (err < 0) {
 			printk(KERN_ERR
 			       "dsp loading error at position %d\n", i);
 			return err;
@@ -698,7 +717,8 @@ int snd_vx_dsp_load(struct vx_core *chip, const struct firmware *dsp)
 
 	msleep(200);
 
-	if ((err = vx_wait_isr_bit(chip, ISR_CHK)) < 0)
+	err = vx_wait_isr_bit(chip, ISR_CHK);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	vx_toggle_dac_mute(chip, 0);
diff --git a/sound/drivers/vx/vx_hwdep.c b/sound/drivers/vx/vx_hwdep.c
index 01baa6d872e9..efbb644edba1 100644
--- a/sound/drivers/vx/vx_hwdep.c
+++ b/sound/drivers/vx/vx_hwdep.c
@@ -78,15 +78,19 @@ int snd_vx_setup_firmware(struct vx_core *chip)
 
 	/* ok, we reached to the last one */
 	/* create the devices if not built yet */
-	if ((err = snd_vx_pcm_new(chip)) < 0)
+	err = snd_vx_pcm_new(chip);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_vx_mixer_new(chip)) < 0)
+	err = snd_vx_mixer_new(chip);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
-	if (chip->ops->add_controls)
-		if ((err = chip->ops->add_controls(chip)) < 0)
+	if (chip->ops->add_controls) {
+		err = chip->ops->add_controls(chip);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
+	}
 
 	chip->chip_status |= VX_STAT_DEVICE_INIT;
 	chip->chip_status |= VX_STAT_CHIP_INIT;
diff --git a/sound/drivers/vx/vx_mixer.c b/sound/drivers/vx/vx_mixer.c
index 13099f8c84d6..53d78eb13c53 100644
--- a/sound/drivers/vx/vx_mixer.c
+++ b/sound/drivers/vx/vx_mixer.c
@@ -910,7 +910,8 @@ int snd_vx_mixer_new(struct vx_core *chip)
 		temp = vx_control_output_level;
 		temp.index = i;
 		temp.tlv.p = chip->hw->output_level_db_scale;
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&temp, chip))) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&temp, chip));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 
@@ -921,22 +922,26 @@ int snd_vx_mixer_new(struct vx_core *chip)
 		temp.index = i;
 		temp.name = "PCM Playback Volume";
 		temp.private_value = val;
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&temp, chip))) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&temp, chip));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 		temp = vx_control_output_switch;
 		temp.index = i;
 		temp.private_value = val;
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&temp, chip))) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&temp, chip));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 		temp = vx_control_monitor_gain;
 		temp.index = i;
 		temp.private_value = val;
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&temp, chip))) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&temp, chip));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 		temp = vx_control_monitor_switch;
 		temp.index = i;
 		temp.private_value = val;
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&temp, chip))) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&temp, chip));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 	for (i = 0; i < chip->hw->num_outs; i++) {
@@ -944,20 +949,25 @@ int snd_vx_mixer_new(struct vx_core *chip)
 		temp.index = i;
 		temp.name = "PCM Capture Volume";
 		temp.private_value = (i * 2) | (1 << 8);
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&temp, chip))) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&temp, chip));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 
 	/* Audio source */
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&vx_control_audio_src, chip))) < 0)
+	err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&vx_control_audio_src, chip));
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	/* clock mode */
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&vx_control_clock_mode, chip))) < 0)
+	err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&vx_control_clock_mode, chip));
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	/* IEC958 controls */
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&vx_control_iec958_mask, chip))) < 0)
+	err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&vx_control_iec958_mask, chip));
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&vx_control_iec958, chip))) < 0)
+	err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&vx_control_iec958, chip));
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	/* VU, peak, saturation meters */
 	for (c = 0; c < 2; c++) {
@@ -968,7 +978,8 @@ int snd_vx_mixer_new(struct vx_core *chip)
 				temp = vx_control_saturation;
 				temp.index = i;
 				temp.private_value = val;
-				if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&temp, chip))) < 0)
+				err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&temp, chip));
+				if (err < 0)
 					return err;
 			}
 			sprintf(name, "%s VU Meter", dir[c]);
@@ -976,14 +987,16 @@ int snd_vx_mixer_new(struct vx_core *chip)
 			temp.index = i;
 			temp.name = name;
 			temp.private_value = val;
-			if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&temp, chip))) < 0)
+			err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&temp, chip));
+			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
 			sprintf(name, "%s Peak Meter", dir[c]);
 			temp = vx_control_peak_meter;
 			temp.index = i;
 			temp.name = name;
 			temp.private_value = val;
-			if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&temp, chip))) < 0)
+			err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&temp, chip));
+			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/sound/drivers/vx/vx_pcm.c b/sound/drivers/vx/vx_pcm.c
index daffda99b4f7..3924f5283745 100644
--- a/sound/drivers/vx/vx_pcm.c
+++ b/sound/drivers/vx/vx_pcm.c
@@ -341,10 +341,12 @@ static int vx_toggle_pipe(struct vx_core *chip, struct vx_pipe *pipe, int state)
 		}
 	}
     
-	if ((err = vx_conf_pipe(chip, pipe)) < 0)
+	err = vx_conf_pipe(chip, pipe);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
-	if ((err = vx_send_irqa(chip)) < 0)
+	err = vx_send_irqa(chip);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
     
 	/* If it completes successfully, wait for the pipes
@@ -680,8 +682,9 @@ static void vx_pcm_playback_transfer(struct vx_core *chip,
 	if (! pipe->prepared || (chip->chip_status & VX_STAT_IS_STALE))
 		return;
 	for (i = 0; i < nchunks; i++) {
-		if ((err = vx_pcm_playback_transfer_chunk(chip, runtime, pipe,
-							  chip->ibl.size)) < 0)
+		err = vx_pcm_playback_transfer_chunk(chip, runtime, pipe,
+						     chip->ibl.size);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return;
 	}
 }
@@ -698,7 +701,8 @@ static void vx_pcm_playback_update(struct vx_core *chip,
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = subs->runtime;
 
 	if (pipe->running && ! (chip->chip_status & VX_STAT_IS_STALE)) {
-		if ((err = vx_update_pipe_position(chip, runtime, pipe)) < 0)
+		err = vx_update_pipe_position(chip, runtime, pipe);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return;
 		if (pipe->transferred >= (int)runtime->period_size) {
 			pipe->transferred %= runtime->period_size;
@@ -747,11 +751,13 @@ static int vx_pcm_trigger(struct snd_pcm_substream *subs, int cmd)
 		pipe->running = 0;
 		break;
 	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_PAUSE_PUSH:
-		if ((err = vx_toggle_pipe(chip, pipe, 0)) < 0)
+		err = vx_toggle_pipe(chip, pipe, 0);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 		break;
 	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_PAUSE_RELEASE:
-		if ((err = vx_toggle_pipe(chip, pipe, 1)) < 0)
+		err = vx_toggle_pipe(chip, pipe, 1);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 		break;
 	default:
@@ -792,13 +798,15 @@ static int vx_pcm_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *subs)
 		snd_printdd(KERN_DEBUG "reopen the pipe with data_mode = %d\n", data_mode);
 		vx_init_rmh(&rmh, CMD_FREE_PIPE);
 		vx_set_pipe_cmd_params(&rmh, 0, pipe->number, 0);
-		if ((err = vx_send_msg(chip, &rmh)) < 0)
+		err = vx_send_msg(chip, &rmh);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 		vx_init_rmh(&rmh, CMD_RES_PIPE);
 		vx_set_pipe_cmd_params(&rmh, 0, pipe->number, pipe->channels);
 		if (data_mode)
 			rmh.Cmd[0] |= BIT_DATA_MODE;
-		if ((err = vx_send_msg(chip, &rmh)) < 0)
+		err = vx_send_msg(chip, &rmh);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 		pipe->data_mode = data_mode;
 	}
@@ -810,7 +818,8 @@ static int vx_pcm_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *subs)
 	}
 	vx_set_clock(chip, runtime->rate);
 
-	if ((err = vx_set_format(chip, pipe, runtime)) < 0)
+	err = vx_set_format(chip, pipe, runtime);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	if (vx_is_pcmcia(chip)) {
@@ -1187,7 +1196,8 @@ int snd_vx_pcm_new(struct vx_core *chip)
 	unsigned int i;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = vx_init_audio_io(chip)) < 0)
+	err = vx_init_audio_io(chip);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < chip->hw->num_codecs; i++) {
diff --git a/sound/firewire/Kconfig b/sound/firewire/Kconfig
index 9897bd26a438..fd109bea4c53 100644
--- a/sound/firewire/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/firewire/Kconfig
@@ -18,8 +18,25 @@ config SND_DICE
 	select SND_HWDEP
 	select SND_FIREWIRE_LIB
 	help
-	  Say Y here to include support for many DACs based on the DICE
-	  chip family (DICE-II/Jr/Mini) which TC Applied Technologies produces.
+	  Say Y here to include support for devices based on the DICE chip family
+	  (DICE-II/TCD2210(Mini)/TCD2220(Jr.)) which TC Applied Technologies (TCAT) produced.
+	   * Allen and Heath Zed R16
+	   * Alesis iO 14/26 FireWire, MasterControl, MultiMix 8/12/16 FireWire
+	   * Avid Mbox 3 Pro
+	   * FlexRadio Systems FLEX-3000, FLEX-5000
+	   * Focusrite Liquid Saffire 56
+	   * Focusrite Saffire Pro 14, Pro 24, Pro 24 DSP, Pro 26, Pro 40(TCD2220)
+	   * Harman Music Group Lexicon I-ONIX FW810S
+	   * Loud Technologies Mackie Onyx Blackbird, Onyx 820i/1220i/1620i/1640i (latter models)
+	   * M-Audio ProFire 610/2626
+	   * Mytek Stereo192-DSD DAC
+	   * Midas Klark Teknik VeniceF series
+	   * PreSonus FireStudio, FireStudio Mobile, FireStudio Project, FireStudio Tube
+	   * PreSonus StudioLive 16.4.2, 16.0.2, 24.4.2, 32.4.2
+	   * Solid State Logic Duende Classic, Duende Mini
+	   * TC Electronic Studio Konnekt 48, Konnekt 24D, Konnekt Live, Impact Twin
+	   * TC Electronic Digital Konnekt x32, Desktop Konnekt 6
+	   * Weiss Engineering ADC2, Vesta, Minerva, AFI1, DAC1, INT202, DAC202
 
 	  To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module
 	  will be called snd-dice.
@@ -38,7 +55,7 @@ config SND_OXFW
 	   * Mackie(Loud) Onyx 1640i (former model)
 	   * Mackie(Loud) Onyx Satellite
 	   * Mackie(Loud) Tapco Link.Firewire
-	   * Mackie(Loud) d.4 pro
+	   * Mackie(Loud) d.2 pro/d.4 pro (built-in FireWire card with OXFW971 ASIC)
 	   * Mackie(Loud) U.420/U.420d
 	   * TASCAM FireOne
 	   * Stanton Controllers & Systems 1 Deck/Mixer
@@ -84,7 +101,7 @@ config SND_BEBOB
 	  * PreSonus FIREBOX/FIREPOD/FP10/Inspire1394
 	  * BridgeCo RDAudio1/Audio5
 	  * Mackie Onyx 1220/1620/1640 (FireWire I/O Card)
-	  * Mackie d.2 (FireWire Option) and d.2 Pro
+	  * Mackie d.2 (optional FireWire card with DM1000 ASIC)
 	  * Stanton FinalScratch 2 (ScratchAmp)
 	  * Tascam IF-FW/DM
 	  * Behringer XENIX UFX 1204/1604
@@ -110,6 +127,7 @@ config SND_BEBOB
 	  * M-Audio Ozonic/NRV10/ProfireLightBridge
 	  * M-Audio FireWire 1814/ProjectMix IO
 	  * Digidesign Mbox 2 Pro
+	  * ToneWeal FW66
 
 	  To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module
 	  will be called snd-bebob.
@@ -148,12 +166,16 @@ config SND_FIREWIRE_MOTU
 	select SND_HWDEP
 	help
 	 Say Y here to enable support for FireWire devices which MOTU produced:
+	  * 828
+	  * 896
 	  * 828mk2
 	  * Traveler
 	  * Ultralite
 	  * 8pre
 	  * 828mk3 (FireWire only)
 	  * 828mk3 (Hybrid)
+	  * Ultralite mk3 (FireWire only)
+	  * Ultralite mk3 (Hybrid)
 	  * Audio Express
 	  * 4pre
 
diff --git a/sound/firewire/amdtp-am824.c b/sound/firewire/amdtp-am824.c
index fea92e148790..d9c700f652bb 100644
--- a/sound/firewire/amdtp-am824.c
+++ b/sound/firewire/amdtp-am824.c
@@ -410,10 +410,10 @@ static unsigned int process_ir_ctx_payloads(struct amdtp_stream *s,
  * @s: the AMDTP stream to initialize
  * @unit: the target of the stream
  * @dir: the direction of stream
- * @flags: the packet transmission method to use
+ * @flags: the details of the streaming protocol consist of cip_flags enumeration-constants.
  */
 int amdtp_am824_init(struct amdtp_stream *s, struct fw_unit *unit,
-		     enum amdtp_stream_direction dir, enum cip_flags flags)
+		     enum amdtp_stream_direction dir, unsigned int flags)
 {
 	amdtp_stream_process_ctx_payloads_t process_ctx_payloads;
 
diff --git a/sound/firewire/amdtp-am824.h b/sound/firewire/amdtp-am824.h
index 06d280783581..2b092b1061ba 100644
--- a/sound/firewire/amdtp-am824.h
+++ b/sound/firewire/amdtp-am824.h
@@ -45,5 +45,5 @@ void amdtp_am824_midi_trigger(struct amdtp_stream *s, unsigned int port,
 			      struct snd_rawmidi_substream *midi);
 
 int amdtp_am824_init(struct amdtp_stream *s, struct fw_unit *unit,
-		     enum amdtp_stream_direction dir, enum cip_flags flags);
+		     enum amdtp_stream_direction dir, unsigned int flags);
 #endif
diff --git a/sound/firewire/amdtp-stream-trace.h b/sound/firewire/amdtp-stream-trace.h
index aa53c13b89d3..5fd2aeccdfc2 100644
--- a/sound/firewire/amdtp-stream-trace.h
+++ b/sound/firewire/amdtp-stream-trace.h
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ TRACE_EVENT(amdtp_packet,
 		__entry->data_blocks = data_blocks;
 		__entry->data_block_counter = data_block_counter,
 		__entry->packet_index = packet_index;
-		__entry->irq = !!in_interrupt();
+		__entry->irq = !!in_softirq();
 		__entry->index = index;
 	),
 	TP_printk(
diff --git a/sound/firewire/amdtp-stream.c b/sound/firewire/amdtp-stream.c
index 5805c5de39fb..9be2260e4ca2 100644
--- a/sound/firewire/amdtp-stream.c
+++ b/sound/firewire/amdtp-stream.c
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 #define CYCLES_PER_SECOND	8000
 #define TICKS_PER_SECOND	(TICKS_PER_CYCLE * CYCLES_PER_SECOND)
 
-#define OHCI_MAX_SECOND		8
+#define OHCI_SECOND_MODULUS		8
 
 /* Always support Linux tracing subsystem. */
 #define CREATE_TRACE_POINTS
@@ -33,7 +33,8 @@
 #define TAG_NO_CIP_HEADER	0
 #define TAG_CIP			1
 
-/* common isochronous packet header parameters */
+// Common Isochronous Packet (CIP) header parameters. Use two quadlets CIP header when supported.
+#define CIP_HEADER_QUADLETS	2
 #define CIP_EOH_SHIFT		31
 #define CIP_EOH			(1u << CIP_EOH_SHIFT)
 #define CIP_EOH_MASK		0x80000000
@@ -48,36 +49,46 @@
 #define CIP_FMT_MASK		0x3f000000
 #define CIP_FDF_MASK		0x00ff0000
 #define CIP_FDF_SHIFT		16
+#define CIP_FDF_NO_DATA		0xff
 #define CIP_SYT_MASK		0x0000ffff
 #define CIP_SYT_NO_INFO		0xffff
+#define CIP_SYT_CYCLE_MODULUS	16
+#define CIP_NO_DATA		((CIP_FDF_NO_DATA << CIP_FDF_SHIFT) | CIP_SYT_NO_INFO)
+
+#define CIP_HEADER_SIZE		(sizeof(__be32) * CIP_HEADER_QUADLETS)
 
 /* Audio and Music transfer protocol specific parameters */
 #define CIP_FMT_AM		0x10
 #define AMDTP_FDF_NO_DATA	0xff
 
-// For iso header, tstamp and 2 CIP header.
-#define IR_CTX_HEADER_SIZE_CIP		16
 // For iso header and tstamp.
-#define IR_CTX_HEADER_SIZE_NO_CIP	8
+#define IR_CTX_HEADER_DEFAULT_QUADLETS	2
+// Add nothing.
+#define IR_CTX_HEADER_SIZE_NO_CIP	(sizeof(__be32) * IR_CTX_HEADER_DEFAULT_QUADLETS)
+// Add two quadlets CIP header.
+#define IR_CTX_HEADER_SIZE_CIP		(IR_CTX_HEADER_SIZE_NO_CIP + CIP_HEADER_SIZE)
 #define HEADER_TSTAMP_MASK	0x0000ffff
 
-#define IT_PKT_HEADER_SIZE_CIP		8 // For 2 CIP header.
+#define IT_PKT_HEADER_SIZE_CIP		CIP_HEADER_SIZE
 #define IT_PKT_HEADER_SIZE_NO_CIP	0 // Nothing.
 
-static void pcm_period_work(struct work_struct *work);
+// The initial firmware of OXFW970 can postpone transmission of packet during finishing
+// asynchronous transaction. This module accepts 5 cycles to skip as maximum to avoid buffer
+// overrun. Actual device can skip more, then this module stops the packet streaming.
+#define IR_JUMBO_PAYLOAD_MAX_SKIP_CYCLES	5
 
 /**
  * amdtp_stream_init - initialize an AMDTP stream structure
  * @s: the AMDTP stream to initialize
  * @unit: the target of the stream
  * @dir: the direction of stream
- * @flags: the packet transmission method to use
+ * @flags: the details of the streaming protocol consist of cip_flags enumeration-constants.
  * @fmt: the value of fmt field in CIP header
  * @process_ctx_payloads: callback handler to process payloads of isoc context
  * @protocol_size: the size to allocate newly for protocol
  */
 int amdtp_stream_init(struct amdtp_stream *s, struct fw_unit *unit,
-		      enum amdtp_stream_direction dir, enum cip_flags flags,
+		      enum amdtp_stream_direction dir, unsigned int flags,
 		      unsigned int fmt,
 		      amdtp_stream_process_ctx_payloads_t process_ctx_payloads,
 		      unsigned int protocol_size)
@@ -94,18 +105,13 @@ int amdtp_stream_init(struct amdtp_stream *s, struct fw_unit *unit,
 	s->flags = flags;
 	s->context = ERR_PTR(-1);
 	mutex_init(&s->mutex);
-	INIT_WORK(&s->period_work, pcm_period_work);
 	s->packet_index = 0;
 
-	init_waitqueue_head(&s->callback_wait);
-	s->callbacked = false;
+	init_waitqueue_head(&s->ready_wait);
 
 	s->fmt = fmt;
 	s->process_ctx_payloads = process_ctx_payloads;
 
-	if (dir == AMDTP_OUT_STREAM)
-		s->ctx_data.rx.syt_override = -1;
-
 	return 0;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(amdtp_stream_init);
@@ -183,14 +189,13 @@ int amdtp_stream_add_pcm_hw_constraints(struct amdtp_stream *s,
 	unsigned int maximum_usec_per_period;
 	int err;
 
-	hw->info = SNDRV_PCM_INFO_BATCH |
-		   SNDRV_PCM_INFO_BLOCK_TRANSFER |
+	hw->info = SNDRV_PCM_INFO_BLOCK_TRANSFER |
 		   SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED |
 		   SNDRV_PCM_INFO_JOINT_DUPLEX |
 		   SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP |
-		   SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID;
+		   SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID |
+		   SNDRV_PCM_INFO_NO_PERIOD_WAKEUP;
 
-	/* SNDRV_PCM_INFO_BATCH */
 	hw->periods_min = 2;
 	hw->periods_max = UINT_MAX;
 
@@ -287,22 +292,29 @@ int amdtp_stream_set_parameters(struct amdtp_stream *s, unsigned int rate,
 	s->syt_interval = amdtp_syt_intervals[sfc];
 
 	// default buffering in the device.
-	if (s->direction == AMDTP_OUT_STREAM) {
-		s->ctx_data.rx.transfer_delay =
-					TRANSFER_DELAY_TICKS - TICKS_PER_CYCLE;
-
-		if (s->flags & CIP_BLOCKING) {
-			// additional buffering needed to adjust for no-data
-			// packets.
-			s->ctx_data.rx.transfer_delay +=
-				TICKS_PER_SECOND * s->syt_interval / rate;
-		}
-	}
+	s->transfer_delay = TRANSFER_DELAY_TICKS - TICKS_PER_CYCLE;
+
+	// additional buffering needed to adjust for no-data packets.
+	if (s->flags & CIP_BLOCKING)
+		s->transfer_delay += TICKS_PER_SECOND * s->syt_interval / rate;
 
 	return 0;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(amdtp_stream_set_parameters);
 
+// The CIP header is processed in context header apart from context payload.
+static int amdtp_stream_get_max_ctx_payload_size(struct amdtp_stream *s)
+{
+	unsigned int multiplier;
+
+	if (s->flags & CIP_JUMBO_PAYLOAD)
+		multiplier = IR_JUMBO_PAYLOAD_MAX_SKIP_CYCLES;
+	else
+		multiplier = 1;
+
+	return s->syt_interval * s->data_block_quadlets * sizeof(__be32) * multiplier;
+}
+
 /**
  * amdtp_stream_get_max_payload - get the stream's packet size
  * @s: the AMDTP stream
@@ -312,16 +324,14 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(amdtp_stream_set_parameters);
  */
 unsigned int amdtp_stream_get_max_payload(struct amdtp_stream *s)
 {
-	unsigned int multiplier = 1;
-	unsigned int cip_header_size = 0;
+	unsigned int cip_header_size;
 
-	if (s->flags & CIP_JUMBO_PAYLOAD)
-		multiplier = 5;
 	if (!(s->flags & CIP_NO_HEADER))
-		cip_header_size = sizeof(__be32) * 2;
+		cip_header_size = CIP_HEADER_SIZE;
+	else
+		cip_header_size = 0;
 
-	return cip_header_size +
-		s->syt_interval * s->data_block_quadlets * sizeof(__be32) * multiplier;
+	return cip_header_size + amdtp_stream_get_max_ctx_payload_size(s);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(amdtp_stream_get_max_payload);
 
@@ -333,32 +343,46 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(amdtp_stream_get_max_payload);
  */
 void amdtp_stream_pcm_prepare(struct amdtp_stream *s)
 {
-	cancel_work_sync(&s->period_work);
 	s->pcm_buffer_pointer = 0;
 	s->pcm_period_pointer = 0;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(amdtp_stream_pcm_prepare);
 
-static unsigned int calculate_data_blocks(unsigned int *data_block_state,
-				bool is_blocking, bool is_no_info,
-				unsigned int syt_interval, enum cip_sfc sfc)
+static void pool_blocking_data_blocks(struct amdtp_stream *s, struct seq_desc *descs,
+				      const unsigned int seq_size, unsigned int seq_tail,
+				      unsigned int count)
 {
-	unsigned int data_blocks;
+	const unsigned int syt_interval = s->syt_interval;
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
+		struct seq_desc *desc = descs + seq_tail;
 
-	/* Blocking mode. */
-	if (is_blocking) {
-		/* This module generate empty packet for 'no data'. */
-		if (is_no_info)
-			data_blocks = 0;
+		if (desc->syt_offset != CIP_SYT_NO_INFO)
+			desc->data_blocks = syt_interval;
 		else
-			data_blocks = syt_interval;
-	/* Non-blocking mode. */
-	} else {
+			desc->data_blocks = 0;
+
+		seq_tail = (seq_tail + 1) % seq_size;
+	}
+}
+
+static void pool_ideal_nonblocking_data_blocks(struct amdtp_stream *s, struct seq_desc *descs,
+					       const unsigned int seq_size, unsigned int seq_tail,
+					       unsigned int count)
+{
+	const enum cip_sfc sfc = s->sfc;
+	unsigned int state = s->ctx_data.rx.data_block_state;
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
+		struct seq_desc *desc = descs + seq_tail;
+
 		if (!cip_sfc_is_base_44100(sfc)) {
 			// Sample_rate / 8000 is an integer, and precomputed.
-			data_blocks = *data_block_state;
+			desc->data_blocks = state;
 		} else {
-			unsigned int phase = *data_block_state;
+			unsigned int phase = state;
 
 		/*
 		 * This calculates the number of data blocks per packet so that
@@ -370,18 +394,19 @@ static unsigned int calculate_data_blocks(unsigned int *data_block_state,
 		 */
 			if (sfc == CIP_SFC_44100)
 				/* 6 6 5 6 5 6 5 ... */
-				data_blocks = 5 + ((phase & 1) ^
-						   (phase == 0 || phase >= 40));
+				desc->data_blocks = 5 + ((phase & 1) ^ (phase == 0 || phase >= 40));
 			else
 				/* 12 11 11 11 11 ... or 23 22 22 22 22 ... */
-				data_blocks = 11 * (sfc >> 1) + (phase == 0);
+				desc->data_blocks = 11 * (sfc >> 1) + (phase == 0);
 			if (++phase >= (80 >> (sfc >> 1)))
 				phase = 0;
-			*data_block_state = phase;
+			state = phase;
 		}
+
+		seq_tail = (seq_tail + 1) % seq_size;
 	}
 
-	return data_blocks;
+	s->ctx_data.rx.data_block_state = state;
 }
 
 static unsigned int calculate_syt_offset(unsigned int *last_syt_offset,
@@ -423,6 +448,149 @@ static unsigned int calculate_syt_offset(unsigned int *last_syt_offset,
 	return syt_offset;
 }
 
+static void pool_ideal_syt_offsets(struct amdtp_stream *s, struct seq_desc *descs,
+				   const unsigned int seq_size, unsigned int seq_tail,
+				   unsigned int count)
+{
+	const enum cip_sfc sfc = s->sfc;
+	unsigned int last = s->ctx_data.rx.last_syt_offset;
+	unsigned int state = s->ctx_data.rx.syt_offset_state;
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
+		struct seq_desc *desc = descs + seq_tail;
+
+		desc->syt_offset = calculate_syt_offset(&last, &state, sfc);
+
+		seq_tail = (seq_tail + 1) % seq_size;
+	}
+
+	s->ctx_data.rx.last_syt_offset = last;
+	s->ctx_data.rx.syt_offset_state = state;
+}
+
+static unsigned int compute_syt_offset(unsigned int syt, unsigned int cycle,
+				       unsigned int transfer_delay)
+{
+	unsigned int cycle_lo = (cycle % CYCLES_PER_SECOND) & 0x0f;
+	unsigned int syt_cycle_lo = (syt & 0xf000) >> 12;
+	unsigned int syt_offset;
+
+	// Round up.
+	if (syt_cycle_lo < cycle_lo)
+		syt_cycle_lo += CIP_SYT_CYCLE_MODULUS;
+	syt_cycle_lo -= cycle_lo;
+
+	// Subtract transfer delay so that the synchronization offset is not so large
+	// at transmission.
+	syt_offset = syt_cycle_lo * TICKS_PER_CYCLE + (syt & 0x0fff);
+	if (syt_offset < transfer_delay)
+		syt_offset += CIP_SYT_CYCLE_MODULUS * TICKS_PER_CYCLE;
+
+	return syt_offset - transfer_delay;
+}
+
+// Both of the producer and consumer of the queue runs in the same clock of IEEE 1394 bus.
+// Additionally, the sequence of tx packets is severely checked against any discontinuity
+// before filling entries in the queue. The calculation is safe even if it looks fragile by
+// overrun.
+static unsigned int calculate_cached_cycle_count(struct amdtp_stream *s, unsigned int head)
+{
+	const unsigned int cache_size = s->ctx_data.tx.cache.size;
+	unsigned int cycles = s->ctx_data.tx.cache.tail;
+
+	if (cycles < head)
+		cycles += cache_size;
+	cycles -= head;
+
+	return cycles;
+}
+
+static void cache_seq(struct amdtp_stream *s, const struct pkt_desc *descs, unsigned int desc_count)
+{
+	const unsigned int transfer_delay = s->transfer_delay;
+	const unsigned int cache_size = s->ctx_data.tx.cache.size;
+	struct seq_desc *cache = s->ctx_data.tx.cache.descs;
+	unsigned int cache_tail = s->ctx_data.tx.cache.tail;
+	bool aware_syt = !(s->flags & CIP_UNAWARE_SYT);
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < desc_count; ++i) {
+		struct seq_desc *dst = cache + cache_tail;
+		const struct pkt_desc *src = descs + i;
+
+		if (aware_syt && src->syt != CIP_SYT_NO_INFO)
+			dst->syt_offset = compute_syt_offset(src->syt, src->cycle, transfer_delay);
+		else
+			dst->syt_offset = CIP_SYT_NO_INFO;
+		dst->data_blocks = src->data_blocks;
+
+		cache_tail = (cache_tail + 1) % cache_size;
+	}
+
+	s->ctx_data.tx.cache.tail = cache_tail;
+}
+
+static void pool_ideal_seq_descs(struct amdtp_stream *s, unsigned int count)
+{
+	struct seq_desc *descs = s->ctx_data.rx.seq.descs;
+	unsigned int seq_tail = s->ctx_data.rx.seq.tail;
+	const unsigned int seq_size = s->ctx_data.rx.seq.size;
+
+	pool_ideal_syt_offsets(s, descs, seq_size, seq_tail, count);
+
+	if (s->flags & CIP_BLOCKING)
+		pool_blocking_data_blocks(s, descs, seq_size, seq_tail, count);
+	else
+		pool_ideal_nonblocking_data_blocks(s, descs, seq_size, seq_tail, count);
+
+	s->ctx_data.rx.seq.tail = (seq_tail + count) % seq_size;
+}
+
+static void pool_replayed_seq(struct amdtp_stream *s, unsigned int count)
+{
+	struct amdtp_stream *target = s->ctx_data.rx.replay_target;
+	const struct seq_desc *cache = target->ctx_data.tx.cache.descs;
+	const unsigned int cache_size = target->ctx_data.tx.cache.size;
+	unsigned int cache_head = s->ctx_data.rx.cache_head;
+	struct seq_desc *descs = s->ctx_data.rx.seq.descs;
+	const unsigned int seq_size = s->ctx_data.rx.seq.size;
+	unsigned int seq_tail = s->ctx_data.rx.seq.tail;
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
+		descs[seq_tail] = cache[cache_head];
+		seq_tail = (seq_tail + 1) % seq_size;
+		cache_head = (cache_head + 1) % cache_size;
+	}
+
+	s->ctx_data.rx.seq.tail = seq_tail;
+	s->ctx_data.rx.cache_head = cache_head;
+}
+
+static void pool_seq_descs(struct amdtp_stream *s, unsigned int count)
+{
+	struct amdtp_domain *d = s->domain;
+
+	if (!d->replay.enable || !s->ctx_data.rx.replay_target) {
+		pool_ideal_seq_descs(s, count);
+	} else {
+		if (!d->replay.on_the_fly) {
+			pool_replayed_seq(s, count);
+		} else {
+			struct amdtp_stream *tx = s->ctx_data.rx.replay_target;
+			const unsigned int cache_size = tx->ctx_data.tx.cache.size;
+			const unsigned int cache_head = s->ctx_data.rx.cache_head;
+			unsigned int cached_cycles = calculate_cached_cycle_count(tx, cache_head);
+
+			if (cached_cycles > count && cached_cycles > cache_size / 2)
+				pool_replayed_seq(s, count);
+			else
+				pool_ideal_seq_descs(s, count);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 static void update_pcm_pointers(struct amdtp_stream *s,
 				struct snd_pcm_substream *pcm,
 				unsigned int frames)
@@ -437,18 +605,21 @@ static void update_pcm_pointers(struct amdtp_stream *s,
 	s->pcm_period_pointer += frames;
 	if (s->pcm_period_pointer >= pcm->runtime->period_size) {
 		s->pcm_period_pointer -= pcm->runtime->period_size;
-		queue_work(system_highpri_wq, &s->period_work);
-	}
-}
 
-static void pcm_period_work(struct work_struct *work)
-{
-	struct amdtp_stream *s = container_of(work, struct amdtp_stream,
-					      period_work);
-	struct snd_pcm_substream *pcm = READ_ONCE(s->pcm);
-
-	if (pcm)
-		snd_pcm_period_elapsed(pcm);
+		// The program in user process should periodically check the status of intermediate
+		// buffer associated to PCM substream to process PCM frames in the buffer, instead
+		// of receiving notification of period elapsed by poll wait.
+		if (!pcm->runtime->no_period_wakeup) {
+			if (in_softirq()) {
+				// In software IRQ context for 1394 OHCI.
+				snd_pcm_period_elapsed(pcm);
+			} else {
+				// In process context of ALSA PCM application under acquired lock of
+				// PCM substream.
+				snd_pcm_period_elapsed_under_stream_lock(pcm);
+			}
+		}
+	}
 }
 
 static int queue_packet(struct amdtp_stream *s, struct fw_iso_packet *params,
@@ -505,7 +676,7 @@ static void generate_cip_header(struct amdtp_stream *s, __be32 cip_header[2],
 }
 
 static void build_it_pkt_header(struct amdtp_stream *s, unsigned int cycle,
-				struct fw_iso_packet *params,
+				struct fw_iso_packet *params, unsigned int header_length,
 				unsigned int data_blocks,
 				unsigned int data_block_counter,
 				unsigned int syt, unsigned int index)
@@ -516,16 +687,15 @@ static void build_it_pkt_header(struct amdtp_stream *s, unsigned int cycle,
 	payload_length = data_blocks * sizeof(__be32) * s->data_block_quadlets;
 	params->payload_length = payload_length;
 
-	if (!(s->flags & CIP_NO_HEADER)) {
+	if (header_length > 0) {
 		cip_header = (__be32 *)params->header;
 		generate_cip_header(s, cip_header, data_block_counter, syt);
-		params->header_length = 2 * sizeof(__be32);
-		payload_length += params->header_length;
+		params->header_length = header_length;
 	} else {
 		cip_header = NULL;
 	}
 
-	trace_amdtp_packet(s, cycle, cip_header, payload_length, data_blocks,
+	trace_amdtp_packet(s, cycle, cip_header, payload_length + header_length, data_blocks,
 			   data_block_counter, s->packet_index, index);
 }
 
@@ -569,8 +739,7 @@ static int check_cip_header(struct amdtp_stream *s, const __be32 *buf,
 
 	/* Calculate data blocks */
 	fdf = (cip_header[1] & CIP_FDF_MASK) >> CIP_FDF_SHIFT;
-	if (payload_length < sizeof(__be32) * 2 ||
-	    (fmt == CIP_FMT_AM && fdf == AMDTP_FDF_NO_DATA)) {
+	if (payload_length == 0 || (fmt == CIP_FMT_AM && fdf == AMDTP_FDF_NO_DATA)) {
 		*data_blocks = 0;
 	} else {
 		unsigned int data_block_quadlets =
@@ -585,8 +754,7 @@ static int check_cip_header(struct amdtp_stream *s, const __be32 *buf,
 		if (s->flags & CIP_WRONG_DBS)
 			data_block_quadlets = s->data_block_quadlets;
 
-		*data_blocks = (payload_length / sizeof(__be32) - 2) /
-							data_block_quadlets;
+		*data_blocks = payload_length / sizeof(__be32) / data_block_quadlets;
 	}
 
 	/* Check data block counter continuity */
@@ -620,109 +788,163 @@ static int check_cip_header(struct amdtp_stream *s, const __be32 *buf,
 
 	*data_block_counter = dbc;
 
-	*syt = cip_header[1] & CIP_SYT_MASK;
+	if (!(s->flags & CIP_UNAWARE_SYT))
+		*syt = cip_header[1] & CIP_SYT_MASK;
 
 	return 0;
 }
 
 static int parse_ir_ctx_header(struct amdtp_stream *s, unsigned int cycle,
 			       const __be32 *ctx_header,
-			       unsigned int *payload_length,
 			       unsigned int *data_blocks,
 			       unsigned int *data_block_counter,
 			       unsigned int *syt, unsigned int packet_index, unsigned int index)
 {
+	unsigned int payload_length;
 	const __be32 *cip_header;
 	unsigned int cip_header_size;
-	int err;
 
-	*payload_length = be32_to_cpu(ctx_header[0]) >> ISO_DATA_LENGTH_SHIFT;
+	payload_length = be32_to_cpu(ctx_header[0]) >> ISO_DATA_LENGTH_SHIFT;
 
 	if (!(s->flags & CIP_NO_HEADER))
-		cip_header_size = 8;
+		cip_header_size = CIP_HEADER_SIZE;
 	else
 		cip_header_size = 0;
 
-	if (*payload_length > cip_header_size + s->ctx_data.tx.max_ctx_payload_length) {
+	if (payload_length > cip_header_size + s->ctx_data.tx.max_ctx_payload_length) {
 		dev_err(&s->unit->device,
 			"Detect jumbo payload: %04x %04x\n",
-			*payload_length, cip_header_size + s->ctx_data.tx.max_ctx_payload_length);
+			payload_length, cip_header_size + s->ctx_data.tx.max_ctx_payload_length);
 		return -EIO;
 	}
 
 	if (cip_header_size > 0) {
-		cip_header = ctx_header + 2;
-		err = check_cip_header(s, cip_header, *payload_length,
-				       data_blocks, data_block_counter, syt);
-		if (err < 0)
-			return err;
+		if (payload_length >= cip_header_size) {
+			int err;
+
+			cip_header = ctx_header + IR_CTX_HEADER_DEFAULT_QUADLETS;
+			err = check_cip_header(s, cip_header, payload_length - cip_header_size,
+					       data_blocks, data_block_counter, syt);
+			if (err < 0)
+				return err;
+		} else {
+			// Handle the cycle so that empty packet arrives.
+			cip_header = NULL;
+			*data_blocks = 0;
+			*syt = 0;
+		}
 	} else {
 		cip_header = NULL;
-		err = 0;
-		*data_blocks = *payload_length / sizeof(__be32) /
-			       s->data_block_quadlets;
+		*data_blocks = payload_length / sizeof(__be32) / s->data_block_quadlets;
 		*syt = 0;
 
 		if (*data_block_counter == UINT_MAX)
 			*data_block_counter = 0;
 	}
 
-	trace_amdtp_packet(s, cycle, cip_header, *payload_length, *data_blocks,
+	trace_amdtp_packet(s, cycle, cip_header, payload_length, *data_blocks,
 			   *data_block_counter, packet_index, index);
 
-	return err;
+	return 0;
 }
 
 // In CYCLE_TIMER register of IEEE 1394, 7 bits are used to represent second. On
 // the other hand, in DMA descriptors of 1394 OHCI, 3 bits are used to represent
 // it. Thus, via Linux firewire subsystem, we can get the 3 bits for second.
-static inline u32 compute_cycle_count(__be32 ctx_header_tstamp)
+static inline u32 compute_ohci_cycle_count(__be32 ctx_header_tstamp)
 {
 	u32 tstamp = be32_to_cpu(ctx_header_tstamp) & HEADER_TSTAMP_MASK;
 	return (((tstamp >> 13) & 0x07) * 8000) + (tstamp & 0x1fff);
 }
 
-static inline u32 increment_cycle_count(u32 cycle, unsigned int addend)
+static inline u32 increment_ohci_cycle_count(u32 cycle, unsigned int addend)
 {
 	cycle += addend;
-	if (cycle >= OHCI_MAX_SECOND * CYCLES_PER_SECOND)
-		cycle -= OHCI_MAX_SECOND * CYCLES_PER_SECOND;
+	if (cycle >= OHCI_SECOND_MODULUS * CYCLES_PER_SECOND)
+		cycle -= OHCI_SECOND_MODULUS * CYCLES_PER_SECOND;
 	return cycle;
 }
 
+static int compare_ohci_cycle_count(u32 lval, u32 rval)
+{
+	if (lval == rval)
+		return 0;
+	else if (lval < rval && rval - lval < OHCI_SECOND_MODULUS * CYCLES_PER_SECOND / 2)
+		return -1;
+	else
+		return 1;
+}
+
 // Align to actual cycle count for the packet which is going to be scheduled.
 // This module queued the same number of isochronous cycle as the size of queue
 // to kip isochronous cycle, therefore it's OK to just increment the cycle by
 // the size of queue for scheduled cycle.
-static inline u32 compute_it_cycle(const __be32 ctx_header_tstamp,
-				   unsigned int queue_size)
+static inline u32 compute_ohci_it_cycle(const __be32 ctx_header_tstamp,
+					unsigned int queue_size)
 {
-	u32 cycle = compute_cycle_count(ctx_header_tstamp);
-	return increment_cycle_count(cycle, queue_size);
+	u32 cycle = compute_ohci_cycle_count(ctx_header_tstamp);
+	return increment_ohci_cycle_count(cycle, queue_size);
 }
 
 static int generate_device_pkt_descs(struct amdtp_stream *s,
 				     struct pkt_desc *descs,
 				     const __be32 *ctx_header,
-				     unsigned int packets)
+				     unsigned int packets,
+				     unsigned int *desc_count)
 {
+	unsigned int next_cycle = s->next_cycle;
 	unsigned int dbc = s->data_block_counter;
 	unsigned int packet_index = s->packet_index;
 	unsigned int queue_size = s->queue_size;
 	int i;
 	int err;
 
+	*desc_count = 0;
 	for (i = 0; i < packets; ++i) {
-		struct pkt_desc *desc = descs + i;
+		struct pkt_desc *desc = descs + *desc_count;
 		unsigned int cycle;
-		unsigned int payload_length;
+		bool lost;
 		unsigned int data_blocks;
 		unsigned int syt;
 
-		cycle = compute_cycle_count(ctx_header[1]);
+		cycle = compute_ohci_cycle_count(ctx_header[1]);
+		lost = (next_cycle != cycle);
+		if (lost) {
+			if (s->flags & CIP_NO_HEADER) {
+				// Fireface skips transmission just for an isoc cycle corresponding
+				// to empty packet.
+				unsigned int prev_cycle = next_cycle;
+
+				next_cycle = increment_ohci_cycle_count(next_cycle, 1);
+				lost = (next_cycle != cycle);
+				if (!lost) {
+					// Prepare a description for the skipped cycle for
+					// sequence replay.
+					desc->cycle = prev_cycle;
+					desc->syt = 0;
+					desc->data_blocks = 0;
+					desc->data_block_counter = dbc;
+					desc->ctx_payload = NULL;
+					++desc;
+					++(*desc_count);
+				}
+			} else if (s->flags & CIP_JUMBO_PAYLOAD) {
+				// OXFW970 skips transmission for several isoc cycles during
+				// asynchronous transaction. The sequence replay is impossible due
+				// to the reason.
+				unsigned int safe_cycle = increment_ohci_cycle_count(next_cycle,
+								IR_JUMBO_PAYLOAD_MAX_SKIP_CYCLES);
+				lost = (compare_ohci_cycle_count(safe_cycle, cycle) > 0);
+			}
+			if (lost) {
+				dev_err(&s->unit->device, "Detect discontinuity of cycle: %d %d\n",
+					next_cycle, cycle);
+				return -EIO;
+			}
+		}
 
-		err = parse_ir_ctx_header(s, cycle, ctx_header, &payload_length,
-					  &data_blocks, &dbc, &syt, packet_index, i);
+		err = parse_ir_ctx_header(s, cycle, ctx_header, &data_blocks, &dbc, &syt,
+					  packet_index, i);
 		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 
@@ -735,12 +957,13 @@ static int generate_device_pkt_descs(struct amdtp_stream *s,
 		if (!(s->flags & CIP_DBC_IS_END_EVENT))
 			dbc = (dbc + desc->data_blocks) & 0xff;
 
-		ctx_header +=
-			s->ctx_data.tx.ctx_header_size / sizeof(*ctx_header);
-
+		next_cycle = increment_ohci_cycle_count(next_cycle, 1);
+		++(*desc_count);
+		ctx_header += s->ctx_data.tx.ctx_header_size / sizeof(*ctx_header);
 		packet_index = (packet_index + 1) % queue_size;
 	}
 
+	s->next_cycle = next_cycle;
 	s->data_block_counter = dbc;
 
 	return 0;
@@ -757,29 +980,28 @@ static unsigned int compute_syt(unsigned int syt_offset, unsigned int cycle,
 	return syt & CIP_SYT_MASK;
 }
 
-static void generate_pkt_descs(struct amdtp_stream *s, struct pkt_desc *descs,
-			       const __be32 *ctx_header, unsigned int packets,
-			       const struct seq_desc *seq_descs,
-			       unsigned int seq_size)
+static void generate_pkt_descs(struct amdtp_stream *s, const __be32 *ctx_header, unsigned int packets)
 {
+	struct pkt_desc *descs = s->pkt_descs;
+	const struct seq_desc *seq_descs = s->ctx_data.rx.seq.descs;
+	const unsigned int seq_size = s->ctx_data.rx.seq.size;
 	unsigned int dbc = s->data_block_counter;
-	unsigned int seq_index = s->ctx_data.rx.seq_index;
+	unsigned int seq_head = s->ctx_data.rx.seq.head;
+	bool aware_syt = !(s->flags & CIP_UNAWARE_SYT);
 	int i;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < packets; ++i) {
 		struct pkt_desc *desc = descs + i;
 		unsigned int index = (s->packet_index + i) % s->queue_size;
-		const struct seq_desc *seq = seq_descs + seq_index;
-		unsigned int syt;
+		const struct seq_desc *seq = seq_descs + seq_head;
 
-		desc->cycle = compute_it_cycle(*ctx_header, s->queue_size);
+		desc->cycle = compute_ohci_it_cycle(*ctx_header, s->queue_size);
+
+		if (aware_syt && seq->syt_offset != CIP_SYT_NO_INFO)
+			desc->syt = compute_syt(seq->syt_offset, desc->cycle, s->transfer_delay);
+		else
+			desc->syt = CIP_SYT_NO_INFO;
 
-		syt = seq->syt_offset;
-		if (syt != CIP_SYT_NO_INFO) {
-			syt = compute_syt(syt, desc->cycle,
-					  s->ctx_data.rx.transfer_delay);
-		}
-		desc->syt = syt;
 		desc->data_blocks = seq->data_blocks;
 
 		if (s->flags & CIP_DBC_IS_END_EVENT)
@@ -792,19 +1014,19 @@ static void generate_pkt_descs(struct amdtp_stream *s, struct pkt_desc *descs,
 
 		desc->ctx_payload = s->buffer.packets[index].buffer;
 
-		seq_index = (seq_index + 1) % seq_size;
+		seq_head = (seq_head + 1) % seq_size;
 
 		++ctx_header;
 	}
 
 	s->data_block_counter = dbc;
-	s->ctx_data.rx.seq_index = seq_index;
+	s->ctx_data.rx.seq.head = seq_head;
 }
 
 static inline void cancel_stream(struct amdtp_stream *s)
 {
 	s->packet_index = -1;
-	if (in_interrupt())
+	if (in_softirq())
 		amdtp_stream_pcm_abort(s);
 	WRITE_ONCE(s->pcm_buffer_pointer, SNDRV_PCM_POS_XRUN);
 }
@@ -822,16 +1044,17 @@ static void process_ctx_payloads(struct amdtp_stream *s,
 		update_pcm_pointers(s, pcm, pcm_frames);
 }
 
-static void out_stream_callback(struct fw_iso_context *context, u32 tstamp,
-				size_t header_length, void *header,
-				void *private_data)
+static void process_rx_packets(struct fw_iso_context *context, u32 tstamp, size_t header_length,
+			       void *header, void *private_data)
 {
 	struct amdtp_stream *s = private_data;
 	const struct amdtp_domain *d = s->domain;
 	const __be32 *ctx_header = header;
-	unsigned int events_per_period = s->ctx_data.rx.events_per_period;
+	const unsigned int events_per_period = d->events_per_period;
 	unsigned int event_count = s->ctx_data.rx.event_count;
+	unsigned int pkt_header_length;
 	unsigned int packets;
+	bool need_hw_irq;
 	int i;
 
 	if (s->packet_index < 0)
@@ -840,34 +1063,44 @@ static void out_stream_callback(struct fw_iso_context *context, u32 tstamp,
 	// Calculate the number of packets in buffer and check XRUN.
 	packets = header_length / sizeof(*ctx_header);
 
-	generate_pkt_descs(s, s->pkt_descs, ctx_header, packets, d->seq_descs,
-			   d->seq_size);
+	pool_seq_descs(s, packets);
+
+	generate_pkt_descs(s, ctx_header, packets);
 
 	process_ctx_payloads(s, s->pkt_descs, packets);
 
+	if (!(s->flags & CIP_NO_HEADER))
+		pkt_header_length = IT_PKT_HEADER_SIZE_CIP;
+	else
+		pkt_header_length = 0;
+
+	if (s == d->irq_target) {
+		// At NO_PERIOD_WAKEUP mode, the packets for all IT/IR contexts are processed by
+		// the tasks of user process operating ALSA PCM character device by calling ioctl(2)
+		// with some requests, instead of scheduled hardware IRQ of an IT context.
+		struct snd_pcm_substream *pcm = READ_ONCE(s->pcm);
+		need_hw_irq = !pcm || !pcm->runtime->no_period_wakeup;
+	} else {
+		need_hw_irq = false;
+	}
+
 	for (i = 0; i < packets; ++i) {
 		const struct pkt_desc *desc = s->pkt_descs + i;
-		unsigned int syt;
 		struct {
 			struct fw_iso_packet params;
-			__be32 header[IT_PKT_HEADER_SIZE_CIP / sizeof(__be32)];
+			__be32 header[CIP_HEADER_QUADLETS];
 		} template = { {0}, {0} };
 		bool sched_irq = false;
 
-		if (s->ctx_data.rx.syt_override < 0)
-			syt = desc->syt;
-		else
-			syt = s->ctx_data.rx.syt_override;
-
-		build_it_pkt_header(s, desc->cycle, &template.params,
+		build_it_pkt_header(s, desc->cycle, &template.params, pkt_header_length,
 				    desc->data_blocks, desc->data_block_counter,
-				    syt, i);
+				    desc->syt, i);
 
 		if (s == s->domain->irq_target) {
 			event_count += desc->data_blocks;
 			if (event_count >= events_per_period) {
 				event_count -= events_per_period;
-				sched_irq = true;
+				sched_irq = need_hw_irq;
 			}
 		}
 
@@ -880,13 +1113,99 @@ static void out_stream_callback(struct fw_iso_context *context, u32 tstamp,
 	s->ctx_data.rx.event_count = event_count;
 }
 
-static void in_stream_callback(struct fw_iso_context *context, u32 tstamp,
-			       size_t header_length, void *header,
-			       void *private_data)
+static void skip_rx_packets(struct fw_iso_context *context, u32 tstamp, size_t header_length,
+			    void *header, void *private_data)
+{
+	struct amdtp_stream *s = private_data;
+	struct amdtp_domain *d = s->domain;
+	const __be32 *ctx_header = header;
+	unsigned int packets;
+	unsigned int cycle;
+	int i;
+
+	if (s->packet_index < 0)
+		return;
+
+	packets = header_length / sizeof(*ctx_header);
+
+	cycle = compute_ohci_it_cycle(ctx_header[packets - 1], s->queue_size);
+	s->next_cycle = increment_ohci_cycle_count(cycle, 1);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < packets; ++i) {
+		struct fw_iso_packet params = {
+			.header_length = 0,
+			.payload_length = 0,
+		};
+		bool sched_irq = (s == d->irq_target && i == packets - 1);
+
+		if (queue_out_packet(s, &params, sched_irq) < 0) {
+			cancel_stream(s);
+			return;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static void irq_target_callback(struct fw_iso_context *context, u32 tstamp, size_t header_length,
+				void *header, void *private_data);
+
+static void process_rx_packets_intermediately(struct fw_iso_context *context, u32 tstamp,
+					size_t header_length, void *header, void *private_data)
+{
+	struct amdtp_stream *s = private_data;
+	struct amdtp_domain *d = s->domain;
+	__be32 *ctx_header = header;
+	const unsigned int queue_size = s->queue_size;
+	unsigned int packets;
+	unsigned int offset;
+
+	if (s->packet_index < 0)
+		return;
+
+	packets = header_length / sizeof(*ctx_header);
+
+	offset = 0;
+	while (offset < packets) {
+		unsigned int cycle = compute_ohci_it_cycle(ctx_header[offset], queue_size);
+
+		if (compare_ohci_cycle_count(cycle, d->processing_cycle.rx_start) >= 0)
+			break;
+
+		++offset;
+	}
+
+	if (offset > 0) {
+		unsigned int length = sizeof(*ctx_header) * offset;
+
+		skip_rx_packets(context, tstamp, length, ctx_header, private_data);
+		if (amdtp_streaming_error(s))
+			return;
+
+		ctx_header += offset;
+		header_length -= length;
+	}
+
+	if (offset < packets) {
+		s->ready_processing = true;
+		wake_up(&s->ready_wait);
+
+		process_rx_packets(context, tstamp, header_length, ctx_header, private_data);
+		if (amdtp_streaming_error(s))
+			return;
+
+		if (s == d->irq_target)
+			s->context->callback.sc = irq_target_callback;
+		else
+			s->context->callback.sc = process_rx_packets;
+	}
+}
+
+static void process_tx_packets(struct fw_iso_context *context, u32 tstamp, size_t header_length,
+			       void *header, void *private_data)
 {
 	struct amdtp_stream *s = private_data;
 	__be32 *ctx_header = header;
 	unsigned int packets;
+	unsigned int desc_count;
 	int i;
 	int err;
 
@@ -896,14 +1215,20 @@ static void in_stream_callback(struct fw_iso_context *context, u32 tstamp,
 	// Calculate the number of packets in buffer and check XRUN.
 	packets = header_length / s->ctx_data.tx.ctx_header_size;
 
-	err = generate_device_pkt_descs(s, s->pkt_descs, ctx_header, packets);
+	desc_count = 0;
+	err = generate_device_pkt_descs(s, s->pkt_descs, ctx_header, packets, &desc_count);
 	if (err < 0) {
 		if (err != -EAGAIN) {
 			cancel_stream(s);
 			return;
 		}
 	} else {
-		process_ctx_payloads(s, s->pkt_descs, packets);
+		struct amdtp_domain *d = s->domain;
+
+		process_ctx_payloads(s, s->pkt_descs, desc_count);
+
+		if (d->replay.enable)
+			cache_seq(s, s->pkt_descs, desc_count);
 	}
 
 	for (i = 0; i < packets; ++i) {
@@ -916,79 +1241,194 @@ static void in_stream_callback(struct fw_iso_context *context, u32 tstamp,
 	}
 }
 
-static void pool_ideal_seq_descs(struct amdtp_domain *d, unsigned int packets)
+static void drop_tx_packets(struct fw_iso_context *context, u32 tstamp, size_t header_length,
+			    void *header, void *private_data)
 {
-	struct amdtp_stream *irq_target = d->irq_target;
-	unsigned int seq_tail = d->seq_tail;
-	unsigned int seq_size = d->seq_size;
-	unsigned int min_avail;
-	struct amdtp_stream *s;
+	struct amdtp_stream *s = private_data;
+	const __be32 *ctx_header = header;
+	unsigned int packets;
+	unsigned int cycle;
+	int i;
 
-	min_avail = d->seq_size;
-	list_for_each_entry(s, &d->streams, list) {
-		unsigned int seq_index;
-		unsigned int avail;
+	if (s->packet_index < 0)
+		return;
+
+	packets = header_length / s->ctx_data.tx.ctx_header_size;
 
-		if (s->direction == AMDTP_IN_STREAM)
-			continue;
+	ctx_header += (packets - 1) * s->ctx_data.tx.ctx_header_size / sizeof(*ctx_header);
+	cycle = compute_ohci_cycle_count(ctx_header[1]);
+	s->next_cycle = increment_ohci_cycle_count(cycle, 1);
 
-		seq_index = s->ctx_data.rx.seq_index;
-		avail = d->seq_tail;
-		if (seq_index > avail)
-			avail += d->seq_size;
-		avail -= seq_index;
+	for (i = 0; i < packets; ++i) {
+		struct fw_iso_packet params = {0};
 
-		if (avail < min_avail)
-			min_avail = avail;
+		if (queue_in_packet(s, &params) < 0) {
+			cancel_stream(s);
+			return;
+		}
 	}
+}
 
-	while (min_avail < packets) {
-		struct seq_desc *desc = d->seq_descs + seq_tail;
+static void process_tx_packets_intermediately(struct fw_iso_context *context, u32 tstamp,
+					size_t header_length, void *header, void *private_data)
+{
+	struct amdtp_stream *s = private_data;
+	struct amdtp_domain *d = s->domain;
+	__be32 *ctx_header;
+	unsigned int packets;
+	unsigned int offset;
 
-		desc->syt_offset = calculate_syt_offset(&d->last_syt_offset,
-					&d->syt_offset_state, irq_target->sfc);
-		desc->data_blocks = calculate_data_blocks(&d->data_block_state,
-				!!(irq_target->flags & CIP_BLOCKING),
-				desc->syt_offset == CIP_SYT_NO_INFO,
-				irq_target->syt_interval, irq_target->sfc);
+	if (s->packet_index < 0)
+		return;
 
-		++seq_tail;
-		seq_tail %= seq_size;
+	packets = header_length / s->ctx_data.tx.ctx_header_size;
 
-		++min_avail;
+	offset = 0;
+	ctx_header = header;
+	while (offset < packets) {
+		unsigned int cycle = compute_ohci_cycle_count(ctx_header[1]);
+
+		if (compare_ohci_cycle_count(cycle, d->processing_cycle.tx_start) >= 0)
+			break;
+
+		ctx_header += s->ctx_data.tx.ctx_header_size / sizeof(__be32);
+		++offset;
 	}
 
-	d->seq_tail = seq_tail;
+	ctx_header = header;
+
+	if (offset > 0) {
+		size_t length = s->ctx_data.tx.ctx_header_size * offset;
+
+		drop_tx_packets(context, tstamp, length, ctx_header, s);
+		if (amdtp_streaming_error(s))
+			return;
+
+		ctx_header += length / sizeof(*ctx_header);
+		header_length -= length;
+	}
+
+	if (offset < packets) {
+		s->ready_processing = true;
+		wake_up(&s->ready_wait);
+
+		process_tx_packets(context, tstamp, header_length, ctx_header, s);
+		if (amdtp_streaming_error(s))
+			return;
+
+		context->callback.sc = process_tx_packets;
+	}
 }
 
-static void irq_target_callback(struct fw_iso_context *context, u32 tstamp,
-				size_t header_length, void *header,
-				void *private_data)
+static void drop_tx_packets_initially(struct fw_iso_context *context, u32 tstamp,
+				      size_t header_length, void *header, void *private_data)
 {
-	struct amdtp_stream *irq_target = private_data;
-	struct amdtp_domain *d = irq_target->domain;
-	unsigned int packets = header_length / sizeof(__be32);
-	struct amdtp_stream *s;
+	struct amdtp_stream *s = private_data;
+	struct amdtp_domain *d = s->domain;
+	__be32 *ctx_header;
+	unsigned int count;
+	unsigned int events;
+	int i;
+
+	if (s->packet_index < 0)
+		return;
+
+	count = header_length / s->ctx_data.tx.ctx_header_size;
+
+	// Attempt to detect any event in the batch of packets.
+	events = 0;
+	ctx_header = header;
+	for (i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
+		unsigned int payload_quads =
+			(be32_to_cpu(*ctx_header) >> ISO_DATA_LENGTH_SHIFT) / sizeof(__be32);
+		unsigned int data_blocks;
+
+		if (s->flags & CIP_NO_HEADER) {
+			data_blocks = payload_quads / s->data_block_quadlets;
+		} else {
+			__be32 *cip_headers = ctx_header + IR_CTX_HEADER_DEFAULT_QUADLETS;
+
+			if (payload_quads < CIP_HEADER_QUADLETS) {
+				data_blocks = 0;
+			} else {
+				payload_quads -= CIP_HEADER_QUADLETS;
+
+				if (s->flags & CIP_UNAWARE_SYT) {
+					data_blocks = payload_quads / s->data_block_quadlets;
+				} else {
+					u32 cip1 = be32_to_cpu(cip_headers[1]);
+
+					// NODATA packet can includes any data blocks but they are
+					// not available as event.
+					if ((cip1 & CIP_NO_DATA) == CIP_NO_DATA)
+						data_blocks = 0;
+					else
+						data_blocks = payload_quads / s->data_block_quadlets;
+				}
+			}
+		}
 
-	// Record enough entries with extra 3 cycles at least.
-	pool_ideal_seq_descs(d, packets + 3);
+		events += data_blocks;
 
-	out_stream_callback(context, tstamp, header_length, header, irq_target);
-	if (amdtp_streaming_error(irq_target))
-		goto error;
+		ctx_header += s->ctx_data.tx.ctx_header_size / sizeof(__be32);
+	}
+
+	drop_tx_packets(context, tstamp, header_length, header, s);
+
+	if (events > 0)
+		s->ctx_data.tx.event_starts = true;
+
+	// Decide the cycle count to begin processing content of packet in IR contexts.
+	{
+		unsigned int stream_count = 0;
+		unsigned int event_starts_count = 0;
+		unsigned int cycle = UINT_MAX;
+
+		list_for_each_entry(s, &d->streams, list) {
+			if (s->direction == AMDTP_IN_STREAM) {
+				++stream_count;
+				if (s->ctx_data.tx.event_starts)
+					++event_starts_count;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (stream_count == event_starts_count) {
+			unsigned int next_cycle;
+
+			list_for_each_entry(s, &d->streams, list) {
+				if (s->direction != AMDTP_IN_STREAM)
+					continue;
+
+				next_cycle = increment_ohci_cycle_count(s->next_cycle,
+								d->processing_cycle.tx_init_skip);
+				if (cycle == UINT_MAX ||
+				    compare_ohci_cycle_count(next_cycle, cycle) > 0)
+					cycle = next_cycle;
+
+				s->context->callback.sc = process_tx_packets_intermediately;
+			}
+
+			d->processing_cycle.tx_start = cycle;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static void process_ctxs_in_domain(struct amdtp_domain *d)
+{
+	struct amdtp_stream *s;
 
 	list_for_each_entry(s, &d->streams, list) {
-		if (s != irq_target && amdtp_stream_running(s)) {
+		if (s != d->irq_target && amdtp_stream_running(s))
 			fw_iso_context_flush_completions(s->context);
-			if (amdtp_streaming_error(s))
-				goto error;
-		}
+
+		if (amdtp_streaming_error(s))
+			goto error;
 	}
 
 	return;
 error:
-	if (amdtp_stream_running(irq_target))
-		cancel_stream(irq_target);
+	if (amdtp_stream_running(d->irq_target))
+		cancel_stream(d->irq_target);
 
 	list_for_each_entry(s, &d->streams, list) {
 		if (amdtp_stream_running(s))
@@ -996,37 +1436,99 @@ error:
 	}
 }
 
-// this is executed one time.
+static void irq_target_callback(struct fw_iso_context *context, u32 tstamp, size_t header_length,
+				void *header, void *private_data)
+{
+	struct amdtp_stream *s = private_data;
+	struct amdtp_domain *d = s->domain;
+
+	process_rx_packets(context, tstamp, header_length, header, private_data);
+	process_ctxs_in_domain(d);
+}
+
+static void irq_target_callback_intermediately(struct fw_iso_context *context, u32 tstamp,
+					size_t header_length, void *header, void *private_data)
+{
+	struct amdtp_stream *s = private_data;
+	struct amdtp_domain *d = s->domain;
+
+	process_rx_packets_intermediately(context, tstamp, header_length, header, private_data);
+	process_ctxs_in_domain(d);
+}
+
+static void irq_target_callback_skip(struct fw_iso_context *context, u32 tstamp,
+				     size_t header_length, void *header, void *private_data)
+{
+	struct amdtp_stream *s = private_data;
+	struct amdtp_domain *d = s->domain;
+	bool ready_to_start;
+
+	skip_rx_packets(context, tstamp, header_length, header, private_data);
+	process_ctxs_in_domain(d);
+
+	if (d->replay.enable && !d->replay.on_the_fly) {
+		unsigned int rx_count = 0;
+		unsigned int rx_ready_count = 0;
+		struct amdtp_stream *rx;
+
+		list_for_each_entry(rx, &d->streams, list) {
+			struct amdtp_stream *tx;
+			unsigned int cached_cycles;
+
+			if (rx->direction != AMDTP_OUT_STREAM)
+				continue;
+			++rx_count;
+
+			tx = rx->ctx_data.rx.replay_target;
+			cached_cycles = calculate_cached_cycle_count(tx, 0);
+			if (cached_cycles > tx->ctx_data.tx.cache.size / 2)
+				++rx_ready_count;
+		}
+
+		ready_to_start = (rx_count == rx_ready_count);
+	} else {
+		ready_to_start = true;
+	}
+
+	// Decide the cycle count to begin processing content of packet in IT contexts. All of IT
+	// contexts are expected to start and get callback when reaching here.
+	if (ready_to_start) {
+		unsigned int cycle = s->next_cycle;
+		list_for_each_entry(s, &d->streams, list) {
+			if (s->direction != AMDTP_OUT_STREAM)
+				continue;
+
+			if (compare_ohci_cycle_count(s->next_cycle, cycle) > 0)
+				cycle = s->next_cycle;
+
+			if (s == d->irq_target)
+				s->context->callback.sc = irq_target_callback_intermediately;
+			else
+				s->context->callback.sc = process_rx_packets_intermediately;
+		}
+
+		d->processing_cycle.rx_start = cycle;
+	}
+}
+
+// This is executed one time. For in-stream, first packet has come. For out-stream, prepared to
+// transmit first packet.
 static void amdtp_stream_first_callback(struct fw_iso_context *context,
 					u32 tstamp, size_t header_length,
 					void *header, void *private_data)
 {
 	struct amdtp_stream *s = private_data;
-	const __be32 *ctx_header = header;
-	u32 cycle;
-
-	/*
-	 * For in-stream, first packet has come.
-	 * For out-stream, prepared to transmit first packet
-	 */
-	s->callbacked = true;
-	wake_up(&s->callback_wait);
+	struct amdtp_domain *d = s->domain;
 
 	if (s->direction == AMDTP_IN_STREAM) {
-		cycle = compute_cycle_count(ctx_header[1]);
-
-		context->callback.sc = in_stream_callback;
+		context->callback.sc = drop_tx_packets_initially;
 	} else {
-		cycle = compute_it_cycle(*ctx_header, s->queue_size);
-
-		if (s == s->domain->irq_target)
-			context->callback.sc = irq_target_callback;
+		if (s == d->irq_target)
+			context->callback.sc = irq_target_callback_skip;
 		else
-			context->callback.sc = out_stream_callback;
+			context->callback.sc = skip_rx_packets;
 	}
 
-	s->start_cycle = cycle;
-
 	context->callback.sc(context, tstamp, header_length, header, s);
 }
 
@@ -1035,8 +1537,6 @@ static void amdtp_stream_first_callback(struct fw_iso_context *context,
  * @s: the AMDTP stream to start
  * @channel: the isochronous channel on the bus
  * @speed: firewire speed code
- * @start_cycle: the isochronous cycle to start the context. Start immediately
- *		 if negative value is given.
  * @queue_size: The number of packets in the queue.
  * @idle_irq_interval: the interval to queue packet during initial state.
  *
@@ -1045,8 +1545,7 @@ static void amdtp_stream_first_callback(struct fw_iso_context *context,
  * device can be started.
  */
 static int amdtp_stream_start(struct amdtp_stream *s, int channel, int speed,
-			      int start_cycle, unsigned int queue_size,
-			      unsigned int idle_irq_interval)
+			      unsigned int queue_size, unsigned int idle_irq_interval)
 {
 	bool is_irq_target = (s == s->domain->irq_target);
 	unsigned int ctx_header_size;
@@ -1075,27 +1574,21 @@ static int amdtp_stream_start(struct amdtp_stream *s, int channel, int speed,
 	}
 
 	// initialize packet buffer.
-	max_ctx_payload_size = amdtp_stream_get_max_payload(s);
 	if (s->direction == AMDTP_IN_STREAM) {
 		dir = DMA_FROM_DEVICE;
 		type = FW_ISO_CONTEXT_RECEIVE;
-		if (!(s->flags & CIP_NO_HEADER)) {
-			max_ctx_payload_size -= 8;
+		if (!(s->flags & CIP_NO_HEADER))
 			ctx_header_size = IR_CTX_HEADER_SIZE_CIP;
-		} else {
+		else
 			ctx_header_size = IR_CTX_HEADER_SIZE_NO_CIP;
-		}
 	} else {
 		dir = DMA_TO_DEVICE;
 		type = FW_ISO_CONTEXT_TRANSMIT;
 		ctx_header_size = 0;	// No effect for IT context.
-
-		if (!(s->flags & CIP_NO_HEADER))
-			max_ctx_payload_size -= IT_PKT_HEADER_SIZE_CIP;
 	}
+	max_ctx_payload_size = amdtp_stream_get_max_ctx_payload_size(s);
 
-	err = iso_packets_buffer_init(&s->buffer, s->unit, queue_size,
-				      max_ctx_payload_size, dir);
+	err = iso_packets_buffer_init(&s->buffer, s->unit, queue_size, max_ctx_payload_size, dir);
 	if (err < 0)
 		goto err_unlock;
 	s->queue_size = queue_size;
@@ -1116,6 +1609,50 @@ static int amdtp_stream_start(struct amdtp_stream *s, int channel, int speed,
 	if (s->direction == AMDTP_IN_STREAM) {
 		s->ctx_data.tx.max_ctx_payload_length = max_ctx_payload_size;
 		s->ctx_data.tx.ctx_header_size = ctx_header_size;
+		s->ctx_data.tx.event_starts = false;
+
+		if (s->domain->replay.enable) {
+			// struct fw_iso_context.drop_overflow_headers is false therefore it's
+			// possible to cache much unexpectedly.
+			s->ctx_data.tx.cache.size = max_t(unsigned int, s->syt_interval * 2,
+							  queue_size * 3 / 2);
+			s->ctx_data.tx.cache.tail = 0;
+			s->ctx_data.tx.cache.descs = kcalloc(s->ctx_data.tx.cache.size,
+						sizeof(*s->ctx_data.tx.cache.descs), GFP_KERNEL);
+			if (!s->ctx_data.tx.cache.descs) {
+				err = -ENOMEM;
+				goto err_context;
+			}
+		}
+	} else {
+		static const struct {
+			unsigned int data_block;
+			unsigned int syt_offset;
+		} *entry, initial_state[] = {
+			[CIP_SFC_32000]  = {  4, 3072 },
+			[CIP_SFC_48000]  = {  6, 1024 },
+			[CIP_SFC_96000]  = { 12, 1024 },
+			[CIP_SFC_192000] = { 24, 1024 },
+			[CIP_SFC_44100]  = {  0,   67 },
+			[CIP_SFC_88200]  = {  0,   67 },
+			[CIP_SFC_176400] = {  0,   67 },
+		};
+
+		s->ctx_data.rx.seq.descs = kcalloc(queue_size, sizeof(*s->ctx_data.rx.seq.descs), GFP_KERNEL);
+		if (!s->ctx_data.rx.seq.descs) {
+			err = -ENOMEM;
+			goto err_context;
+		}
+		s->ctx_data.rx.seq.size = queue_size;
+		s->ctx_data.rx.seq.tail = 0;
+		s->ctx_data.rx.seq.head = 0;
+
+		entry = &initial_state[s->sfc];
+		s->ctx_data.rx.data_block_state = entry->data_block;
+		s->ctx_data.rx.syt_offset_state = entry->syt_offset;
+		s->ctx_data.rx.last_syt_offset = TICKS_PER_CYCLE;
+
+		s->ctx_data.rx.event_count = 0;
 	}
 
 	if (s->flags & CIP_NO_HEADER)
@@ -1158,8 +1695,8 @@ static int amdtp_stream_start(struct amdtp_stream *s, int channel, int speed,
 	if ((s->flags & CIP_EMPTY_WITH_TAG0) || (s->flags & CIP_NO_HEADER))
 		tag |= FW_ISO_CONTEXT_MATCH_TAG0;
 
-	s->callbacked = false;
-	err = fw_iso_context_start(s->context, start_cycle, 0, tag);
+	s->ready_processing = false;
+	err = fw_iso_context_start(s->context, -1, 0, tag);
 	if (err < 0)
 		goto err_pkt_descs;
 
@@ -1169,6 +1706,12 @@ static int amdtp_stream_start(struct amdtp_stream *s, int channel, int speed,
 err_pkt_descs:
 	kfree(s->pkt_descs);
 err_context:
+	if (s->direction == AMDTP_OUT_STREAM) {
+		kfree(s->ctx_data.rx.seq.descs);
+	} else {
+		if (s->domain->replay.enable)
+			kfree(s->ctx_data.tx.cache.descs);
+	}
 	fw_iso_context_destroy(s->context);
 	s->context = ERR_PTR(-1);
 err_buffer:
@@ -1191,28 +1734,12 @@ unsigned long amdtp_domain_stream_pcm_pointer(struct amdtp_domain *d,
 {
 	struct amdtp_stream *irq_target = d->irq_target;
 
+	// Process isochronous packets queued till recent isochronous cycle to handle PCM frames.
 	if (irq_target && amdtp_stream_running(irq_target)) {
-		// This function is called in software IRQ context of
-		// period_work or process context.
-		//
-		// When the software IRQ context was scheduled by software IRQ
-		// context of IT contexts, queued packets were already handled.
-		// Therefore, no need to flush the queue in buffer furthermore.
-		//
-		// When the process context reach here, some packets will be
-		// already queued in the buffer. These packets should be handled
-		// immediately to keep better granularity of PCM pointer.
-		//
-		// Later, the process context will sometimes schedules software
-		// IRQ context of the period_work. Then, no need to flush the
-		// queue by the same reason as described in the above
-		if (current_work() != &s->period_work) {
-			// Queued packet should be processed without any kernel
-			// preemption to keep latency against bus cycle.
-			preempt_disable();
+		// In software IRQ context, the call causes dead-lock to disable the tasklet
+		// synchronously.
+		if (!in_softirq())
 			fw_iso_context_flush_completions(irq_target->context);
-			preempt_enable();
-		}
 	}
 
 	return READ_ONCE(s->pcm_buffer_pointer);
@@ -1232,13 +1759,8 @@ int amdtp_domain_stream_pcm_ack(struct amdtp_domain *d, struct amdtp_stream *s)
 
 	// Process isochronous packets for recent isochronous cycle to handle
 	// queued PCM frames.
-	if (irq_target && amdtp_stream_running(irq_target)) {
-		// Queued packet should be processed without any kernel
-		// preemption to keep latency against bus cycle.
-		preempt_disable();
+	if (irq_target && amdtp_stream_running(irq_target))
 		fw_iso_context_flush_completions(irq_target->context);
-		preempt_enable();
-	}
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -1272,14 +1794,18 @@ static void amdtp_stream_stop(struct amdtp_stream *s)
 		return;
 	}
 
-	cancel_work_sync(&s->period_work);
 	fw_iso_context_stop(s->context);
 	fw_iso_context_destroy(s->context);
 	s->context = ERR_PTR(-1);
 	iso_packets_buffer_destroy(&s->buffer, s->unit);
 	kfree(s->pkt_descs);
 
-	s->callbacked = false;
+	if (s->direction == AMDTP_OUT_STREAM) {
+		kfree(s->ctx_data.rx.seq.descs);
+	} else {
+		if (s->domain->replay.enable)
+			kfree(s->ctx_data.tx.cache.descs);
+	}
 
 	mutex_unlock(&s->mutex);
 }
@@ -1311,8 +1837,6 @@ int amdtp_domain_init(struct amdtp_domain *d)
 
 	d->events_per_period = 0;
 
-	d->seq_descs = NULL;
-
 	return 0;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(amdtp_domain_init);
@@ -1355,26 +1879,49 @@ int amdtp_domain_add_stream(struct amdtp_domain *d, struct amdtp_stream *s,
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(amdtp_domain_add_stream);
 
-static int get_current_cycle_time(struct fw_card *fw_card, int *cur_cycle)
+// Make the reference from rx stream to tx stream for sequence replay. When the number of tx streams
+// is less than the number of rx streams, the first tx stream is selected.
+static int make_association(struct amdtp_domain *d)
 {
-	int generation;
-	int rcode;
-	__be32 reg;
-	u32 data;
-
-	// This is a request to local 1394 OHCI controller and expected to
-	// complete without any event waiting.
-	generation = fw_card->generation;
-	smp_rmb();	// node_id vs. generation.
-	rcode = fw_run_transaction(fw_card, TCODE_READ_QUADLET_REQUEST,
-				   fw_card->node_id, generation, SCODE_100,
-				   CSR_REGISTER_BASE + CSR_CYCLE_TIME,
-				   &reg, sizeof(reg));
-	if (rcode != RCODE_COMPLETE)
-		return -EIO;
+	unsigned int dst_index = 0;
+	struct amdtp_stream *rx;
+
+	// Make association to replay target.
+	list_for_each_entry(rx, &d->streams, list) {
+		if (rx->direction == AMDTP_OUT_STREAM) {
+			unsigned int src_index = 0;
+			struct amdtp_stream *tx = NULL;
+			struct amdtp_stream *s;
+
+			list_for_each_entry(s, &d->streams, list) {
+				if (s->direction == AMDTP_IN_STREAM) {
+					if (dst_index == src_index) {
+						tx = s;
+						break;
+					}
+
+					++src_index;
+				}
+			}
+			if (!tx) {
+				// Select the first entry.
+				list_for_each_entry(s, &d->streams, list) {
+					if (s->direction == AMDTP_IN_STREAM) {
+						tx = s;
+						break;
+					}
+				}
+				// No target is available to replay sequence.
+				if (!tx)
+					return -EINVAL;
+			}
 
-	data = be32_to_cpu(reg);
-	*cur_cycle = data >> 12;
+			rx->ctx_data.rx.replay_target = tx;
+			rx->ctx_data.rx.cache_head = 0;
+
+			++dst_index;
+		}
+	}
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -1382,39 +1929,44 @@ static int get_current_cycle_time(struct fw_card *fw_card, int *cur_cycle)
 /**
  * amdtp_domain_start - start sending packets for isoc context in the domain.
  * @d: the AMDTP domain.
- * @ir_delay_cycle: the cycle delay to start all IR contexts.
+ * @tx_init_skip_cycles: the number of cycles to skip processing packets at initial stage of IR
+ *			 contexts.
+ * @replay_seq: whether to replay the sequence of packet in IR context for the sequence of packet in
+ *		IT context.
+ * @replay_on_the_fly: transfer rx packets according to nominal frequency, then begin to replay
+ *		       according to arrival of events in tx packets.
  */
-int amdtp_domain_start(struct amdtp_domain *d, unsigned int ir_delay_cycle)
+int amdtp_domain_start(struct amdtp_domain *d, unsigned int tx_init_skip_cycles, bool replay_seq,
+		       bool replay_on_the_fly)
 {
-	static const struct {
-		unsigned int data_block;
-		unsigned int syt_offset;
-	} *entry, initial_state[] = {
-		[CIP_SFC_32000]  = {  4, 3072 },
-		[CIP_SFC_48000]  = {  6, 1024 },
-		[CIP_SFC_96000]  = { 12, 1024 },
-		[CIP_SFC_192000] = { 24, 1024 },
-		[CIP_SFC_44100]  = {  0,   67 },
-		[CIP_SFC_88200]  = {  0,   67 },
-		[CIP_SFC_176400] = {  0,   67 },
-	};
 	unsigned int events_per_buffer = d->events_per_buffer;
 	unsigned int events_per_period = d->events_per_period;
-	unsigned int idle_irq_interval;
 	unsigned int queue_size;
 	struct amdtp_stream *s;
-	int cycle;
+	bool found = false;
 	int err;
 
+	if (replay_seq) {
+		err = make_association(d);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+	d->replay.enable = replay_seq;
+	d->replay.on_the_fly = replay_on_the_fly;
+
 	// Select an IT context as IRQ target.
 	list_for_each_entry(s, &d->streams, list) {
-		if (s->direction == AMDTP_OUT_STREAM)
+		if (s->direction == AMDTP_OUT_STREAM) {
+			found = true;
 			break;
+		}
 	}
-	if (!s)
+	if (!found)
 		return -ENXIO;
 	d->irq_target = s;
 
+	d->processing_cycle.tx_init_skip = tx_init_skip_cycles;
+
 	// This is a case that AMDTP streams in domain run just for MIDI
 	// substream. Use the number of events equivalent to 10 msec as
 	// interval of hardware IRQ.
@@ -1426,82 +1978,24 @@ int amdtp_domain_start(struct amdtp_domain *d, unsigned int ir_delay_cycle)
 	queue_size = DIV_ROUND_UP(CYCLES_PER_SECOND * events_per_buffer,
 				  amdtp_rate_table[d->irq_target->sfc]);
 
-	d->seq_descs = kcalloc(queue_size, sizeof(*d->seq_descs), GFP_KERNEL);
-	if (!d->seq_descs)
-		return -ENOMEM;
-	d->seq_size = queue_size;
-	d->seq_tail = 0;
-
-	entry = &initial_state[s->sfc];
-	d->data_block_state = entry->data_block;
-	d->syt_offset_state = entry->syt_offset;
-	d->last_syt_offset = TICKS_PER_CYCLE;
-
-	if (ir_delay_cycle > 0) {
-		struct fw_card *fw_card = fw_parent_device(s->unit)->card;
-
-		err = get_current_cycle_time(fw_card, &cycle);
-		if (err < 0)
-			goto error;
-
-		// No need to care overflow in cycle field because of enough
-		// width.
-		cycle += ir_delay_cycle;
-
-		// Round up to sec field.
-		if ((cycle & 0x00001fff) >= CYCLES_PER_SECOND) {
-			unsigned int sec;
-
-			// The sec field can overflow.
-			sec = (cycle & 0xffffe000) >> 13;
-			cycle = (++sec << 13) |
-				((cycle & 0x00001fff) / CYCLES_PER_SECOND);
-		}
-
-		// In OHCI 1394 specification, lower 2 bits are available for
-		// sec field.
-		cycle &= 0x00007fff;
-	} else {
-		cycle = -1;
-	}
-
 	list_for_each_entry(s, &d->streams, list) {
-		int cycle_match;
+		unsigned int idle_irq_interval = 0;
 
-		if (s->direction == AMDTP_IN_STREAM) {
-			cycle_match = cycle;
-		} else {
-			// IT context starts immediately.
-			cycle_match = -1;
-			s->ctx_data.rx.seq_index = 0;
+		if (s->direction == AMDTP_OUT_STREAM && s == d->irq_target) {
+			idle_irq_interval = DIV_ROUND_UP(CYCLES_PER_SECOND * events_per_period,
+							 amdtp_rate_table[d->irq_target->sfc]);
 		}
 
-		if (s != d->irq_target) {
-			err = amdtp_stream_start(s, s->channel, s->speed,
-						 cycle_match, queue_size, 0);
-			if (err < 0)
-				goto error;
-		}
+		// Starts immediately but actually DMA context starts several hundred cycles later.
+		err = amdtp_stream_start(s, s->channel, s->speed, queue_size, idle_irq_interval);
+		if (err < 0)
+			goto error;
 	}
 
-	s = d->irq_target;
-	s->ctx_data.rx.events_per_period = events_per_period;
-	s->ctx_data.rx.event_count = 0;
-	s->ctx_data.rx.seq_index = 0;
-
-	idle_irq_interval = DIV_ROUND_UP(CYCLES_PER_SECOND * events_per_period,
-					 amdtp_rate_table[d->irq_target->sfc]);
-	err = amdtp_stream_start(s, s->channel, s->speed, -1, queue_size,
-				 idle_irq_interval);
-	if (err < 0)
-		goto error;
-
 	return 0;
 error:
 	list_for_each_entry(s, &d->streams, list)
 		amdtp_stream_stop(s);
-	kfree(d->seq_descs);
-	d->seq_descs = NULL;
 	return err;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(amdtp_domain_start);
@@ -1526,8 +2020,5 @@ void amdtp_domain_stop(struct amdtp_domain *d)
 
 	d->events_per_period = 0;
 	d->irq_target = NULL;
-
-	kfree(d->seq_descs);
-	d->seq_descs = NULL;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(amdtp_domain_stop);
diff --git a/sound/firewire/amdtp-stream.h b/sound/firewire/amdtp-stream.h
index a3daa1f2c1c4..1f957c946c95 100644
--- a/sound/firewire/amdtp-stream.h
+++ b/sound/firewire/amdtp-stream.h
@@ -35,6 +35,8 @@
  * @CIP_NO_HEADERS: a lack of headers in packets
  * @CIP_UNALIGHED_DBC: Only for in-stream. The value of dbc is not alighed to
  *	the value of current SYT_INTERVAL; e.g. initial value is not zero.
+ * @CIP_UNAWARE_SYT: For outgoing packet, the value in SYT field of CIP is 0xffff.
+ *	For incoming packet, the value in SYT field of CIP is not handled.
  */
 enum cip_flags {
 	CIP_NONBLOCKING		= 0x00,
@@ -48,6 +50,7 @@ enum cip_flags {
 	CIP_HEADER_WITHOUT_EOH	= 0x80,
 	CIP_NO_HEADER		= 0x100,
 	CIP_UNALIGHED_DBC	= 0x200,
+	CIP_UNAWARE_SYT		= 0x400,
 };
 
 /**
@@ -112,7 +115,8 @@ typedef unsigned int (*amdtp_stream_process_ctx_payloads_t)(
 struct amdtp_domain;
 struct amdtp_stream {
 	struct fw_unit *unit;
-	enum cip_flags flags;
+	// The combination of cip_flags enumeration-constants.
+	unsigned int flags;
 	enum amdtp_stream_direction direction;
 	struct mutex mutex;
 
@@ -134,19 +138,37 @@ struct amdtp_stream {
 			// Fixed interval of dbc between previos/current
 			// packets.
 			unsigned int dbc_interval;
+
+			// The device starts multiplexing events to the packet.
+			bool event_starts;
+
+			struct {
+				struct seq_desc *descs;
+				unsigned int size;
+				unsigned int tail;
+			} cache;
 		} tx;
 		struct {
-			// To calculate CIP data blocks and tstamp.
-			unsigned int transfer_delay;
-			unsigned int seq_index;
-
 			// To generate CIP header.
 			unsigned int fdf;
-			int syt_override;
 
 			// To generate constant hardware IRQ.
 			unsigned int event_count;
-			unsigned int events_per_period;
+
+			// To calculate CIP data blocks and tstamp.
+			struct {
+				struct seq_desc *descs;
+				unsigned int size;
+				unsigned int tail;
+				unsigned int head;
+			} seq;
+
+			unsigned int data_block_state;
+			unsigned int syt_offset_state;
+			unsigned int last_syt_offset;
+
+			struct amdtp_stream *replay_target;
+			unsigned int cache_head;
 		} rx;
 	} ctx_data;
 
@@ -157,20 +179,21 @@ struct amdtp_stream {
 	unsigned int sph;
 	unsigned int fmt;
 
-	/* Internal flags. */
+	// Internal flags.
+	unsigned int transfer_delay;
 	enum cip_sfc sfc;
 	unsigned int syt_interval;
 
 	/* For a PCM substream processing. */
 	struct snd_pcm_substream *pcm;
-	struct work_struct period_work;
 	snd_pcm_uframes_t pcm_buffer_pointer;
 	unsigned int pcm_period_pointer;
 
-	/* To wait for first packet. */
-	bool callbacked;
-	wait_queue_head_t callback_wait;
-	u32 start_cycle;
+	// To start processing content of packets at the same cycle in several contexts for
+	// each direction.
+	bool ready_processing;
+	wait_queue_head_t ready_wait;
+	unsigned int next_cycle;
 
 	/* For backends to process data blocks. */
 	void *protocol;
@@ -184,7 +207,7 @@ struct amdtp_stream {
 };
 
 int amdtp_stream_init(struct amdtp_stream *s, struct fw_unit *unit,
-		      enum amdtp_stream_direction dir, enum cip_flags flags,
+		      enum amdtp_stream_direction dir, unsigned int flags,
 		      unsigned int fmt,
 		      amdtp_stream_process_ctx_payloads_t process_ctx_payloads,
 		      unsigned int protocol_size);
@@ -259,21 +282,6 @@ static inline bool cip_sfc_is_base_44100(enum cip_sfc sfc)
 	return sfc & 1;
 }
 
-/**
- * amdtp_stream_wait_callback - sleep till callbacked or timeout
- * @s: the AMDTP stream
- * @timeout: msec till timeout
- *
- * If this function return false, the AMDTP stream should be stopped.
- */
-static inline bool amdtp_stream_wait_callback(struct amdtp_stream *s,
-					      unsigned int timeout)
-{
-	return wait_event_timeout(s->callback_wait,
-				  s->callbacked,
-				  msecs_to_jiffies(timeout)) > 0;
-}
-
 struct seq_desc {
 	unsigned int syt_offset;
 	unsigned int data_blocks;
@@ -287,13 +295,16 @@ struct amdtp_domain {
 
 	struct amdtp_stream *irq_target;
 
-	struct seq_desc *seq_descs;
-	unsigned int seq_size;
-	unsigned int seq_tail;
+	struct {
+		unsigned int tx_init_skip;
+		unsigned int tx_start;
+		unsigned int rx_start;
+	} processing_cycle;
 
-	unsigned int data_block_state;
-	unsigned int syt_offset_state;
-	unsigned int last_syt_offset;
+	struct {
+		bool enable:1;
+		bool on_the_fly:1;
+	} replay;
 };
 
 int amdtp_domain_init(struct amdtp_domain *d);
@@ -302,7 +313,8 @@ void amdtp_domain_destroy(struct amdtp_domain *d);
 int amdtp_domain_add_stream(struct amdtp_domain *d, struct amdtp_stream *s,
 			    int channel, int speed);
 
-int amdtp_domain_start(struct amdtp_domain *d, unsigned int ir_delay_cycle);
+int amdtp_domain_start(struct amdtp_domain *d, unsigned int tx_init_skip_cycles, bool replay_seq,
+		       bool replay_on_the_fly);
 void amdtp_domain_stop(struct amdtp_domain *d);
 
 static inline int amdtp_domain_set_events_per_period(struct amdtp_domain *d,
@@ -319,4 +331,25 @@ unsigned long amdtp_domain_stream_pcm_pointer(struct amdtp_domain *d,
 					      struct amdtp_stream *s);
 int amdtp_domain_stream_pcm_ack(struct amdtp_domain *d, struct amdtp_stream *s);
 
+/**
+ * amdtp_domain_wait_ready - sleep till being ready to process packets or timeout
+ * @d: the AMDTP domain
+ * @timeout_ms: msec till timeout
+ *
+ * If this function return false, the AMDTP domain should be stopped.
+ */
+static inline bool amdtp_domain_wait_ready(struct amdtp_domain *d, unsigned int timeout_ms)
+{
+	struct amdtp_stream *s;
+
+	list_for_each_entry(s, &d->streams, list) {
+		unsigned int j = msecs_to_jiffies(timeout_ms);
+
+		if (wait_event_interruptible_timeout(s->ready_wait, s->ready_processing, j) <= 0)
+			return false;
+	}
+
+	return true;
+}
+
 #endif
diff --git a/sound/firewire/bebob/bebob.c b/sound/firewire/bebob/bebob.c
index daeecfa8b9aa..42980da45fbf 100644
--- a/sound/firewire/bebob/bebob.c
+++ b/sound/firewire/bebob/bebob.c
@@ -40,14 +40,12 @@ static DECLARE_BITMAP(devices_used, SNDRV_CARDS);
 #define VEN_EDIROL	0x000040ab
 #define VEN_PRESONUS	0x00000a92
 #define VEN_BRIDGECO	0x000007f5
-#define VEN_MACKIE1	0x0000000f
-#define VEN_MACKIE2	0x00000ff2
+#define VEN_MACKIE	0x00000ff2
 #define VEN_STANTON	0x00001260
 #define VEN_TASCAM	0x0000022e
 #define VEN_BEHRINGER	0x00001564
 #define VEN_APOGEE	0x000003db
 #define VEN_ESI		0x00000f1b
-#define VEN_ACOUSTIC	0x00000002
 #define VEN_CME		0x0000000a
 #define VEN_PHONIC	0x00001496
 #define VEN_LYNX	0x000019e5
@@ -56,14 +54,15 @@ static DECLARE_BITMAP(devices_used, SNDRV_CARDS);
 #define VEN_TERRATEC	0x00000aac
 #define VEN_YAMAHA	0x0000a0de
 #define VEN_FOCUSRITE	0x0000130e
-#define VEN_MAUDIO1	0x00000d6c
-#define VEN_MAUDIO2	0x000007f5
+#define VEN_MAUDIO	0x00000d6c
 #define VEN_DIGIDESIGN	0x00a07e
+#define OUI_SHOUYO	0x002327
 
 #define MODEL_FOCUSRITE_SAFFIRE_BOTH	0x00000000
 #define MODEL_MAUDIO_AUDIOPHILE_BOTH	0x00010060
 #define MODEL_MAUDIO_FW1814		0x00010071
 #define MODEL_MAUDIO_PROJECTMIX		0x00010091
+#define MODEL_MAUDIO_PROFIRELIGHTBRIDGE	0x000100a1
 
 static int
 name_device(struct snd_bebob *bebob)
@@ -74,7 +73,6 @@ name_device(struct snd_bebob *bebob)
 	u32 hw_id;
 	u32 data[2] = {0};
 	u32 revision;
-	u32 version;
 	int err;
 
 	/* get vendor name from root directory */
@@ -107,12 +105,6 @@ name_device(struct snd_bebob *bebob)
 	if (err < 0)
 		goto end;
 
-	err = snd_bebob_read_quad(bebob->unit, INFO_OFFSET_BEBOB_VERSION,
-				  &version);
-	if (err < 0)
-		goto end;
-	bebob->version = version;
-
 	strcpy(bebob->card->driver, "BeBoB");
 	strcpy(bebob->card->shortname, model);
 	strcpy(bebob->card->mixername, model);
@@ -135,6 +127,9 @@ bebob_card_free(struct snd_card *card)
 	mutex_unlock(&devices_mutex);
 
 	snd_bebob_stream_destroy_duplex(bebob);
+
+	mutex_destroy(&bebob->mutex);
+	fw_unit_put(bebob->unit);
 }
 
 static const struct snd_bebob_spec *
@@ -162,16 +157,55 @@ check_audiophile_booted(struct fw_unit *unit)
 	return strncmp(name, "FW Audiophile Bootloader", 24) != 0;
 }
 
-static void
-do_registration(struct work_struct *work)
+static int detect_quirks(struct snd_bebob *bebob, const struct ieee1394_device_id *entry)
+{
+	if (entry->vendor_id == VEN_MAUDIO) {
+		switch (entry->model_id) {
+		case MODEL_MAUDIO_PROFIRELIGHTBRIDGE:
+			// M-Audio ProFire Lightbridge has a quirk to transfer packets with
+			// discontinuous cycle or data block counter in early stage of packet
+			// streaming. The cycle span from the first packet with event is variable.
+			bebob->quirks |= SND_BEBOB_QUIRK_INITIAL_DISCONTINUOUS_DBC;
+			break;
+		case MODEL_MAUDIO_FW1814:
+		case MODEL_MAUDIO_PROJECTMIX:
+			// At high sampling rate, M-Audio special firmware transmits empty packet
+			// with the value of dbc incremented by 8.
+			bebob->quirks |= SND_BEBOB_QUIRK_WRONG_DBC;
+			break;
+		default:
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int bebob_probe(struct fw_unit *unit, const struct ieee1394_device_id *entry)
 {
-	struct snd_bebob *bebob =
-			container_of(work, struct snd_bebob, dwork.work);
 	unsigned int card_index;
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct snd_bebob *bebob;
+	const struct snd_bebob_spec *spec;
 	int err;
 
-	if (bebob->registered)
-		return;
+	if (entry->vendor_id == VEN_FOCUSRITE &&
+	    entry->model_id == MODEL_FOCUSRITE_SAFFIRE_BOTH)
+		spec = get_saffire_spec(unit);
+	else if (entry->vendor_id == VEN_MAUDIO &&
+		 entry->model_id == MODEL_MAUDIO_AUDIOPHILE_BOTH &&
+		 !check_audiophile_booted(unit))
+		spec = NULL;
+	else
+		spec = (const struct snd_bebob_spec *)entry->driver_data;
+
+	if (spec == NULL) {
+		// To boot up M-Audio models.
+		if (entry->vendor_id == VEN_MAUDIO || entry->vendor_id == VEN_BRIDGECO)
+			return snd_bebob_maudio_load_firmware(unit);
+		else
+			return -ENODEV;
+	}
 
 	mutex_lock(&devices_mutex);
 	for (card_index = 0; card_index < SNDRV_CARDS; card_index++) {
@@ -180,27 +214,40 @@ do_registration(struct work_struct *work)
 	}
 	if (card_index >= SNDRV_CARDS) {
 		mutex_unlock(&devices_mutex);
-		return;
+		return -ENOENT;
 	}
 
-	err = snd_card_new(&bebob->unit->device, index[card_index],
-			   id[card_index], THIS_MODULE, 0, &bebob->card);
+	err = snd_card_new(&unit->device, index[card_index], id[card_index], THIS_MODULE,
+			   sizeof(*bebob), &card);
 	if (err < 0) {
 		mutex_unlock(&devices_mutex);
-		return;
+		return err;
 	}
+	card->private_free = bebob_card_free;
 	set_bit(card_index, devices_used);
 	mutex_unlock(&devices_mutex);
 
-	bebob->card->private_free = bebob_card_free;
-	bebob->card->private_data = bebob;
+	bebob = card->private_data;
+	bebob->unit = fw_unit_get(unit);
+	dev_set_drvdata(&unit->device, bebob);
+	bebob->card = card;
+	bebob->card_index = card_index;
+
+	bebob->spec = spec;
+	mutex_init(&bebob->mutex);
+	spin_lock_init(&bebob->lock);
+	init_waitqueue_head(&bebob->hwdep_wait);
 
 	err = name_device(bebob);
 	if (err < 0)
 		goto error;
 
+	err = detect_quirks(bebob, entry);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto error;
+
 	if (bebob->spec == &maudio_special_spec) {
-		if (bebob->entry->model_id == MODEL_MAUDIO_FW1814)
+		if (entry->model_id == MODEL_MAUDIO_FW1814)
 			err = snd_bebob_maudio_special_discover(bebob, true);
 		else
 			err = snd_bebob_maudio_special_discover(bebob, false);
@@ -230,80 +277,26 @@ do_registration(struct work_struct *work)
 	if (err < 0)
 		goto error;
 
-	err = snd_card_register(bebob->card);
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
 	if (err < 0)
 		goto error;
 
-	bebob->registered = true;
-
-	return;
-error:
-	snd_card_free(bebob->card);
-	dev_info(&bebob->unit->device,
-		 "Sound card registration failed: %d\n", err);
-}
-
-static int
-bebob_probe(struct fw_unit *unit, const struct ieee1394_device_id *entry)
-{
-	struct snd_bebob *bebob;
-	const struct snd_bebob_spec *spec;
-
-	if (entry->vendor_id == VEN_FOCUSRITE &&
-	    entry->model_id == MODEL_FOCUSRITE_SAFFIRE_BOTH)
-		spec = get_saffire_spec(unit);
-	else if (entry->vendor_id == VEN_MAUDIO1 &&
-		 entry->model_id == MODEL_MAUDIO_AUDIOPHILE_BOTH &&
-		 !check_audiophile_booted(unit))
-		spec = NULL;
-	else
-		spec = (const struct snd_bebob_spec *)entry->driver_data;
-
-	if (spec == NULL) {
-		if (entry->vendor_id == VEN_MAUDIO1 ||
-		    entry->vendor_id == VEN_MAUDIO2)
-			return snd_bebob_maudio_load_firmware(unit);
-		else
-			return -ENODEV;
-	}
-
-	/* Allocate this independent of sound card instance. */
-	bebob = devm_kzalloc(&unit->device, sizeof(struct snd_bebob),
-			     GFP_KERNEL);
-	if (!bebob)
-		return -ENOMEM;
-	bebob->unit = fw_unit_get(unit);
-	dev_set_drvdata(&unit->device, bebob);
-
-	bebob->entry = entry;
-	bebob->spec = spec;
-	mutex_init(&bebob->mutex);
-	spin_lock_init(&bebob->lock);
-	init_waitqueue_head(&bebob->hwdep_wait);
-
-	/* Allocate and register this sound card later. */
-	INIT_DEFERRABLE_WORK(&bebob->dwork, do_registration);
-
-	if (entry->vendor_id != VEN_MAUDIO1 ||
-	    (entry->model_id != MODEL_MAUDIO_FW1814 &&
-	     entry->model_id != MODEL_MAUDIO_PROJECTMIX)) {
-		snd_fw_schedule_registration(unit, &bebob->dwork);
-	} else {
-		/*
-		 * This is a workaround. This bus reset seems to have an effect
-		 * to make devices correctly handling transactions. Without
-		 * this, the devices have gap_count mismatch. This causes much
-		 * failure of transaction.
-		 *
-		 * Just after registration, user-land application receive
-		 * signals from dbus and starts I/Os. To avoid I/Os till the
-		 * future bus reset, registration is done in next update().
-		 */
-		fw_schedule_bus_reset(fw_parent_device(bebob->unit)->card,
-				      false, true);
+	if (entry->vendor_id == VEN_MAUDIO &&
+	    (entry->model_id == MODEL_MAUDIO_FW1814 || entry->model_id == MODEL_MAUDIO_PROJECTMIX)) {
+		// This is a workaround. This bus reset seems to have an effect to make devices
+		// correctly handling transactions. Without this, the devices have gap_count
+		// mismatch. This causes much failure of transaction.
+		//
+		// Just after registration, user-land application receive signals from dbus and
+		// starts I/Os. To avoid I/Os till the future bus reset, registration is done in
+		// next update().
+		fw_schedule_bus_reset(fw_parent_device(bebob->unit)->card, false, true);
 	}
 
 	return 0;
+error:
+	snd_card_free(card);
+	return err;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -330,11 +323,7 @@ bebob_update(struct fw_unit *unit)
 	if (bebob == NULL)
 		return;
 
-	/* Postpone a workqueue for deferred registration. */
-	if (!bebob->registered)
-		snd_fw_schedule_registration(unit, &bebob->dwork);
-	else
-		fcp_bus_reset(bebob->unit);
+	fcp_bus_reset(bebob->unit);
 }
 
 static void bebob_remove(struct fw_unit *unit)
@@ -344,20 +333,8 @@ static void bebob_remove(struct fw_unit *unit)
 	if (bebob == NULL)
 		return;
 
-	/*
-	 * Confirm to stop the work for registration before the sound card is
-	 * going to be released. The work is not scheduled again because bus
-	 * reset handler is not called anymore.
-	 */
-	cancel_delayed_work_sync(&bebob->dwork);
-
-	if (bebob->registered) {
-		// Block till all of ALSA character devices are released.
-		snd_card_free(bebob->card);
-	}
-
-	mutex_destroy(&bebob->mutex);
-	fw_unit_put(bebob->unit);
+	// Block till all of ALSA character devices are released.
+	snd_card_free(bebob->card);
 }
 
 static const struct snd_bebob_rate_spec normal_rate_spec = {
@@ -370,6 +347,22 @@ static const struct snd_bebob_spec spec_normal = {
 	.meter	= NULL
 };
 
+#define SPECIFIER_1394TA	0x00a02d
+
+// The immediate entry for version in unit directory differs depending on models:
+//  * 0x010001
+//  * 0x014001
+#define SND_BEBOB_DEV_ENTRY(vendor, model, data) \
+{ \
+	.match_flags	= IEEE1394_MATCH_VENDOR_ID | \
+			  IEEE1394_MATCH_MODEL_ID | \
+			  IEEE1394_MATCH_SPECIFIER_ID, \
+	.vendor_id	= vendor, \
+	.model_id	= model, \
+	.specifier_id	= SPECIFIER_1394TA, \
+	.driver_data	= (kernel_ulong_t)data \
+}
+
 static const struct ieee1394_device_id bebob_id_table[] = {
 	/* Edirol, FA-66 */
 	SND_BEBOB_DEV_ENTRY(VEN_EDIROL, 0x00010049, &spec_normal),
@@ -386,9 +379,9 @@ static const struct ieee1394_device_id bebob_id_table[] = {
 	/* BridgeCo, Audio5 */
 	SND_BEBOB_DEV_ENTRY(VEN_BRIDGECO, 0x00010049, &spec_normal),
 	/* Mackie, Onyx 1220/1620/1640 (Firewire I/O Card) */
-	SND_BEBOB_DEV_ENTRY(VEN_MACKIE2, 0x00010065, &spec_normal),
-	// Mackie, d.2 (Firewire option card) and d.2 Pro (the card is built-in).
-	SND_BEBOB_DEV_ENTRY(VEN_MACKIE1, 0x00010067, &spec_normal),
+	SND_BEBOB_DEV_ENTRY(VEN_MACKIE, 0x00010065, &spec_normal),
+	// Mackie, d.2 (optional Firewire card with DM1000).
+	SND_BEBOB_DEV_ENTRY(VEN_MACKIE, 0x00010067, &spec_normal),
 	/* Stanton, ScratchAmp */
 	SND_BEBOB_DEV_ENTRY(VEN_STANTON, 0x00000001, &spec_normal),
 	/* Tascam, IF-FW DM */
@@ -410,17 +403,20 @@ static const struct ieee1394_device_id bebob_id_table[] = {
 	SND_BEBOB_DEV_ENTRY(VEN_APOGEE, 0x01eeee, &spec_normal),
 	/* ESI, Quatafire610 */
 	SND_BEBOB_DEV_ENTRY(VEN_ESI, 0x00010064, &spec_normal),
-	/* AcousticReality, eARMasterOne */
-	SND_BEBOB_DEV_ENTRY(VEN_ACOUSTIC, 0x00000002, &spec_normal),
+	// AcousticReality, eARMasterOne. Terratec OEM.
+	SND_BEBOB_DEV_ENTRY(VEN_TERRATEC, 0x00000002, &spec_normal),
 	/* CME, MatrixKFW */
 	SND_BEBOB_DEV_ENTRY(VEN_CME, 0x00030000, &spec_normal),
-	/* Phonic, Helix Board 12 MkII */
+	// Phonic Helix Board 12 FireWire MkII.
 	SND_BEBOB_DEV_ENTRY(VEN_PHONIC, 0x00050000, &spec_normal),
-	/* Phonic, Helix Board 18 MkII */
+	// Phonic Helix Board 18 FireWire MkII.
 	SND_BEBOB_DEV_ENTRY(VEN_PHONIC, 0x00060000, &spec_normal),
-	/* Phonic, Helix Board 24 MkII */
+	// Phonic Helix Board 24 FireWire MkII.
 	SND_BEBOB_DEV_ENTRY(VEN_PHONIC, 0x00070000, &spec_normal),
-	/* Phonic, Helix Board 12 Universal/18 Universal/24 Universal */
+	// Phonic FireFly 808 FireWire.
+	SND_BEBOB_DEV_ENTRY(VEN_PHONIC, 0x00080000, &spec_normal),
+	// Phonic FireFly 202, 302, 808 Universal.
+	// Phinic Helix Board 12/18/24 FireWire, 12/18/24 Universal
 	SND_BEBOB_DEV_ENTRY(VEN_PHONIC, 0x00000000, &spec_normal),
 	/* Lynx, Aurora 8/16 (LT-FW) */
 	SND_BEBOB_DEV_ENTRY(VEN_LYNX, 0x00000001, &spec_normal),
@@ -447,45 +443,35 @@ static const struct ieee1394_device_id bebob_id_table[] = {
 	/* Focusrite, SaffirePro 26 I/O */
 	SND_BEBOB_DEV_ENTRY(VEN_FOCUSRITE, 0x00000003, &saffirepro_26_spec),
 	/* Focusrite, SaffirePro 10 I/O */
-	{
-		// The combination of vendor_id and model_id is the same as the
-		// same as the one of Liquid Saffire 56.
-		.match_flags	= IEEE1394_MATCH_VENDOR_ID |
-				  IEEE1394_MATCH_MODEL_ID |
-				  IEEE1394_MATCH_SPECIFIER_ID |
-				  IEEE1394_MATCH_VERSION,
-		.vendor_id	= VEN_FOCUSRITE,
-		.model_id	= 0x000006,
-		.specifier_id	= 0x00a02d,
-		.version	= 0x010001,
-		.driver_data	= (kernel_ulong_t)&saffirepro_10_spec,
-	},
+	SND_BEBOB_DEV_ENTRY(VEN_FOCUSRITE, 0x000006, &saffirepro_10_spec),
 	/* Focusrite, Saffire(no label and LE) */
 	SND_BEBOB_DEV_ENTRY(VEN_FOCUSRITE, MODEL_FOCUSRITE_SAFFIRE_BOTH,
 			    &saffire_spec),
-	/* M-Audio, Firewire 410 */
-	SND_BEBOB_DEV_ENTRY(VEN_MAUDIO2, 0x00010058, NULL),	/* bootloader */
-	SND_BEBOB_DEV_ENTRY(VEN_MAUDIO2, 0x00010046, &maudio_fw410_spec),
+	// M-Audio, Firewire 410. The vendor field is left as BridgeCo. AG.
+	SND_BEBOB_DEV_ENTRY(VEN_BRIDGECO, 0x00010058, NULL),
+	SND_BEBOB_DEV_ENTRY(VEN_BRIDGECO, 0x00010046, &maudio_fw410_spec),
 	/* M-Audio, Firewire Audiophile */
-	SND_BEBOB_DEV_ENTRY(VEN_MAUDIO1, MODEL_MAUDIO_AUDIOPHILE_BOTH,
+	SND_BEBOB_DEV_ENTRY(VEN_MAUDIO, MODEL_MAUDIO_AUDIOPHILE_BOTH,
 			    &maudio_audiophile_spec),
 	/* M-Audio, Firewire Solo */
-	SND_BEBOB_DEV_ENTRY(VEN_MAUDIO1, 0x00010062, &maudio_solo_spec),
+	SND_BEBOB_DEV_ENTRY(VEN_MAUDIO, 0x00010062, &maudio_solo_spec),
 	/* M-Audio, Ozonic */
-	SND_BEBOB_DEV_ENTRY(VEN_MAUDIO1, 0x0000000a, &maudio_ozonic_spec),
+	SND_BEBOB_DEV_ENTRY(VEN_MAUDIO, 0x0000000a, &maudio_ozonic_spec),
 	/* M-Audio NRV10 */
-	SND_BEBOB_DEV_ENTRY(VEN_MAUDIO1, 0x00010081, &maudio_nrv10_spec),
+	SND_BEBOB_DEV_ENTRY(VEN_MAUDIO, 0x00010081, &maudio_nrv10_spec),
 	/* M-Audio, ProFireLightbridge */
-	SND_BEBOB_DEV_ENTRY(VEN_MAUDIO1, 0x000100a1, &spec_normal),
+	SND_BEBOB_DEV_ENTRY(VEN_MAUDIO, MODEL_MAUDIO_PROFIRELIGHTBRIDGE, &spec_normal),
 	/* Firewire 1814 */
-	SND_BEBOB_DEV_ENTRY(VEN_MAUDIO1, 0x00010070, NULL),	/* bootloader */
-	SND_BEBOB_DEV_ENTRY(VEN_MAUDIO1, MODEL_MAUDIO_FW1814,
+	SND_BEBOB_DEV_ENTRY(VEN_MAUDIO, 0x00010070, NULL),	/* bootloader */
+	SND_BEBOB_DEV_ENTRY(VEN_MAUDIO, MODEL_MAUDIO_FW1814,
 			    &maudio_special_spec),
 	/* M-Audio ProjectMix */
-	SND_BEBOB_DEV_ENTRY(VEN_MAUDIO1, MODEL_MAUDIO_PROJECTMIX,
+	SND_BEBOB_DEV_ENTRY(VEN_MAUDIO, MODEL_MAUDIO_PROJECTMIX,
 			    &maudio_special_spec),
 	/* Digidesign Mbox 2 Pro */
 	SND_BEBOB_DEV_ENTRY(VEN_DIGIDESIGN, 0x0000a9, &spec_normal),
+	// Toneweal FW66.
+	SND_BEBOB_DEV_ENTRY(OUI_SHOUYO, 0x020002, &spec_normal),
 	/* IDs are unknown but able to be supported */
 	/*  Apogee, Mini-ME Firewire */
 	/*  Apogee, Mini-DAC Firewire */
@@ -496,11 +482,6 @@ static const struct ieee1394_device_id bebob_id_table[] = {
 	/*  Infrasonic, Windy6 */
 	/*  Mackie, Digital X Bus x.200 */
 	/*  Mackie, Digital X Bus x.400 */
-	/*  Phonic, HB 12 */
-	/*  Phonic, HB 24 */
-	/*  Phonic, HB 18 */
-	/*  Phonic, FireFly 202 */
-	/*  Phonic, FireFly 302 */
 	/*  Rolf Spuler, Firewire Guitar */
 	{}
 };
diff --git a/sound/firewire/bebob/bebob.h b/sound/firewire/bebob/bebob.h
index 4e0ed84adbee..4d73ecb30d79 100644
--- a/sound/firewire/bebob/bebob.h
+++ b/sound/firewire/bebob/bebob.h
@@ -75,6 +75,11 @@ struct snd_bebob_spec {
 	const struct snd_bebob_meter_spec *meter;
 };
 
+enum snd_bebob_quirk {
+	SND_BEBOB_QUIRK_INITIAL_DISCONTINUOUS_DBC = (1 << 0),
+	SND_BEBOB_QUIRK_WRONG_DBC		  = (1 << 1),
+};
+
 struct snd_bebob {
 	struct snd_card *card;
 	struct fw_unit *unit;
@@ -83,11 +88,8 @@ struct snd_bebob {
 	struct mutex mutex;
 	spinlock_t lock;
 
-	bool registered;
-	struct delayed_work dwork;
-
-	const struct ieee1394_device_id *entry;
 	const struct snd_bebob_spec *spec;
+	unsigned int quirks;	// Combination of snd_bebob_quirk enumerations.
 
 	unsigned int midi_input_ports;
 	unsigned int midi_output_ports;
@@ -113,9 +115,6 @@ struct snd_bebob {
 	/* for M-Audio special devices */
 	void *maudio_special_quirk;
 
-	/* For BeBoB version quirk. */
-	unsigned int version;
-
 	struct amdtp_domain domain;
 };
 
@@ -254,13 +253,4 @@ extern const struct snd_bebob_spec maudio_special_spec;
 int snd_bebob_maudio_special_discover(struct snd_bebob *bebob, bool is1814);
 int snd_bebob_maudio_load_firmware(struct fw_unit *unit);
 
-#define SND_BEBOB_DEV_ENTRY(vendor, model, data) \
-{ \
-	.match_flags	= IEEE1394_MATCH_VENDOR_ID | \
-			  IEEE1394_MATCH_MODEL_ID, \
-	.vendor_id	= vendor, \
-	.model_id	= model, \
-	.driver_data	= (kernel_ulong_t)data \
-}
-
 #endif
diff --git a/sound/firewire/bebob/bebob_stream.c b/sound/firewire/bebob/bebob_stream.c
index b612ee3e33b6..8629b14ded76 100644
--- a/sound/firewire/bebob/bebob_stream.c
+++ b/sound/firewire/bebob/bebob_stream.c
@@ -7,8 +7,7 @@
 
 #include "./bebob.h"
 
-#define CALLBACK_TIMEOUT	2500
-#define FW_ISO_RESOURCE_DELAY	1000
+#define READY_TIMEOUT_MS	4000
 
 /*
  * NOTE;
@@ -402,12 +401,6 @@ static void break_both_connections(struct snd_bebob *bebob)
 {
 	cmp_connection_break(&bebob->in_conn);
 	cmp_connection_break(&bebob->out_conn);
-
-	// These models seem to be in transition state for a longer time. When
-	// accessing in the state, any transactions is corrupted. In the worst
-	// case, the device is going to reboot.
-	if (bebob->version < 2)
-		msleep(600);
 }
 
 static int start_stream(struct snd_bebob *bebob, struct amdtp_stream *stream)
@@ -437,6 +430,7 @@ static int start_stream(struct snd_bebob *bebob, struct amdtp_stream *stream)
 
 static int init_stream(struct snd_bebob *bebob, struct amdtp_stream *stream)
 {
+	unsigned int flags = CIP_BLOCKING;
 	enum amdtp_stream_direction dir_stream;
 	struct cmp_connection *conn;
 	enum cmp_direction dir_conn;
@@ -452,32 +446,21 @@ static int init_stream(struct snd_bebob *bebob, struct amdtp_stream *stream)
 		dir_conn = CMP_INPUT;
 	}
 
+	if (stream == &bebob->tx_stream) {
+		if (bebob->quirks & SND_BEBOB_QUIRK_WRONG_DBC)
+			flags |= CIP_EMPTY_HAS_WRONG_DBC;
+	}
+
 	err = cmp_connection_init(conn, bebob->unit, dir_conn, 0);
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
-	err = amdtp_am824_init(stream, bebob->unit, dir_stream, CIP_BLOCKING);
+	err = amdtp_am824_init(stream, bebob->unit, dir_stream, flags);
 	if (err < 0) {
 		cmp_connection_destroy(conn);
 		return err;
 	}
 
-	if (stream == &bebob->tx_stream) {
-		// BeBoB v3 transfers packets with these qurks:
-		//  - In the beginning of streaming, the value of dbc is
-		//    incremented even if no data blocks are transferred.
-		//  - The value of dbc is reset suddenly.
-		if (bebob->version > 2)
-			bebob->tx_stream.flags |= CIP_EMPTY_HAS_WRONG_DBC |
-						  CIP_SKIP_DBC_ZERO_CHECK;
-
-		// At high sampling rate, M-Audio special firmware transmits
-		// empty packet with the value of dbc incremented by 8 but the
-		// others are valid to IEC 61883-1.
-		if (bebob->maudio_special_quirk)
-			bebob->tx_stream.flags |= CIP_EMPTY_HAS_WRONG_DBC;
-	}
-
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -624,9 +607,8 @@ int snd_bebob_stream_start_duplex(struct snd_bebob *bebob)
 
 	if (!amdtp_stream_running(&bebob->rx_stream)) {
 		enum snd_bebob_clock_type src;
-		struct amdtp_stream *master, *slave;
 		unsigned int curr_rate;
-		unsigned int ir_delay_cycle;
+		unsigned int tx_init_skip_cycles;
 
 		if (bebob->maudio_special_quirk) {
 			err = bebob->spec->rate->get(bebob, &curr_rate);
@@ -638,36 +620,28 @@ int snd_bebob_stream_start_duplex(struct snd_bebob *bebob)
 		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 
-		if (src != SND_BEBOB_CLOCK_TYPE_SYT) {
-			master = &bebob->tx_stream;
-			slave = &bebob->rx_stream;
-		} else {
-			master = &bebob->rx_stream;
-			slave = &bebob->tx_stream;
-		}
-
-		err = start_stream(bebob, master);
+		err = start_stream(bebob, &bebob->rx_stream);
 		if (err < 0)
 			goto error;
 
-		err = start_stream(bebob, slave);
+		err = start_stream(bebob, &bebob->tx_stream);
 		if (err < 0)
 			goto error;
 
-		// The device postpones start of transmission mostly for 1 sec
-		// after receives packets firstly. For safe, IR context starts
-		// 0.4 sec (=3200 cycles) later to version 1 or 2 firmware,
-		// 2.0 sec (=16000 cycles) for version 3 firmware. This is
-		// within 2.5 sec (=CALLBACK_TIMEOUT).
-		// Furthermore, some devices transfer isoc packets with
-		// discontinuous counter in the beginning of packet streaming.
-		// The delay has an effect to avoid detection of this
-		// discontinuity.
-		if (bebob->version < 2)
-			ir_delay_cycle = 3200;
+		if (!(bebob->quirks & SND_BEBOB_QUIRK_INITIAL_DISCONTINUOUS_DBC))
+			tx_init_skip_cycles = 0;
 		else
-			ir_delay_cycle = 16000;
-		err = amdtp_domain_start(&bebob->domain, ir_delay_cycle);
+			tx_init_skip_cycles = 16000;
+
+		// MEMO: Some devices start packet transmission long enough after establishment of
+		// CMP connection. In the early stage of packet streaming, any device transfers
+		// NODATA packets. After several hundred cycles, it begins to multiplex event into
+		// the packet with adequate value of syt field in CIP header. Some devices are
+		// strictly to generate any discontinuity in the sequence of tx packet when they
+		// receives inadequate sequence of value in syt field of CIP header. In the case,
+		// the request to break CMP connection is often corrupted, then any transaction
+		// results in unrecoverable error, sometimes generate bus-reset.
+		err = amdtp_domain_start(&bebob->domain, tx_init_skip_cycles, true, false);
 		if (err < 0)
 			goto error;
 
@@ -684,10 +658,9 @@ int snd_bebob_stream_start_duplex(struct snd_bebob *bebob)
 			}
 		}
 
-		if (!amdtp_stream_wait_callback(&bebob->rx_stream,
-						CALLBACK_TIMEOUT) ||
-		    !amdtp_stream_wait_callback(&bebob->tx_stream,
-						CALLBACK_TIMEOUT)) {
+		// Some devices postpone start of transmission mostly for 1 sec after receives
+		// packets firstly.
+		if (!amdtp_domain_wait_ready(&bebob->domain, READY_TIMEOUT_MS)) {
 			err = -ETIMEDOUT;
 			goto error;
 		}
@@ -883,6 +856,11 @@ static int detect_midi_ports(struct snd_bebob *bebob,
 		err = avc_bridgeco_get_plug_ch_count(bebob->unit, addr, &ch_count);
 		if (err < 0)
 			break;
+		// Yamaha GO44, GO46, Terratec Phase 24, Phase x24 reports 0 for the number of
+		// channels in external output plug 3 (MIDI type) even if it has a pair of physical
+		// MIDI jacks. As a workaround, assume it as one.
+		if (ch_count == 0)
+			ch_count = 1;
 		*midi_ports += ch_count;
 	}
 
@@ -961,12 +939,12 @@ int snd_bebob_stream_discover(struct snd_bebob *bebob)
 	if (err < 0)
 		goto end;
 
-	err = detect_midi_ports(bebob, bebob->rx_stream_formations, addr, AVC_BRIDGECO_PLUG_DIR_IN,
+	err = detect_midi_ports(bebob, bebob->tx_stream_formations, addr, AVC_BRIDGECO_PLUG_DIR_IN,
 				plugs[2], &bebob->midi_input_ports);
 	if (err < 0)
 		goto end;
 
-	err = detect_midi_ports(bebob, bebob->tx_stream_formations, addr, AVC_BRIDGECO_PLUG_DIR_OUT,
+	err = detect_midi_ports(bebob, bebob->rx_stream_formations, addr, AVC_BRIDGECO_PLUG_DIR_OUT,
 				plugs[3], &bebob->midi_output_ports);
 	if (err < 0)
 		goto end;
diff --git a/sound/firewire/dice/dice-stream.c b/sound/firewire/dice/dice-stream.c
index c4dfe76500c2..f99e00083141 100644
--- a/sound/firewire/dice/dice-stream.c
+++ b/sound/firewire/dice/dice-stream.c
@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@
 
 #include "dice.h"
 
-#define	CALLBACK_TIMEOUT	200
-#define NOTIFICATION_TIMEOUT_MS	(2 * MSEC_PER_SEC)
+#define	READY_TIMEOUT_MS	200
+#define NOTIFICATION_TIMEOUT_MS	100
 
 struct reg_params {
 	unsigned int count;
@@ -57,13 +57,9 @@ int snd_dice_stream_get_rate_mode(struct snd_dice *dice, unsigned int rate,
 	return -EINVAL;
 }
 
-/*
- * This operation has an effect to synchronize GLOBAL_STATUS/GLOBAL_SAMPLE_RATE
- * to GLOBAL_STATUS. Especially, just after powering on, these are different.
- */
-static int ensure_phase_lock(struct snd_dice *dice, unsigned int rate)
+static int select_clock(struct snd_dice *dice, unsigned int rate)
 {
-	__be32 reg, nominal;
+	__be32 reg;
 	u32 data;
 	int i;
 	int err;
@@ -94,19 +90,8 @@ static int ensure_phase_lock(struct snd_dice *dice, unsigned int rate)
 		return err;
 
 	if (wait_for_completion_timeout(&dice->clock_accepted,
-			msecs_to_jiffies(NOTIFICATION_TIMEOUT_MS)) == 0) {
-		/*
-		 * Old versions of Dice firmware transfer no notification when
-		 * the same clock status as current one is set. In this case,
-		 * just check current clock status.
-		 */
-		err = snd_dice_transaction_read_global(dice, GLOBAL_STATUS,
-						&nominal, sizeof(nominal));
-		if (err < 0)
-			return err;
-		if (!(be32_to_cpu(nominal) & STATUS_SOURCE_LOCKED))
-			return -ETIMEDOUT;
-	}
+			msecs_to_jiffies(NOTIFICATION_TIMEOUT_MS)) == 0)
+		return -ETIMEDOUT;
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -304,7 +289,7 @@ int snd_dice_stream_reserve_duplex(struct snd_dice *dice, unsigned int rate,
 		// Just after owning the unit (GLOBAL_OWNER), the unit can
 		// return invalid stream formats. Selecting clock parameters
 		// have an effect for the unit to refine it.
-		err = ensure_phase_lock(dice, rate);
+		err = select_clock(dice, rate);
 		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 
@@ -459,20 +444,17 @@ int snd_dice_stream_start_duplex(struct snd_dice *dice)
 			goto error;
 		}
 
-		err = amdtp_domain_start(&dice->domain, 0);
+		// MEMO: The device immediately starts packet transmission when enabled. Some
+		// devices are strictly to generate any discontinuity in the sequence of tx packet
+		// when they receives invalid sequence of presentation time in CIP header. The
+		// sequence replay for media clock recovery can suppress the behaviour.
+		err = amdtp_domain_start(&dice->domain, 0, true, false);
 		if (err < 0)
 			goto error;
 
-		for (i = 0; i < MAX_STREAMS; i++) {
-			if ((i < tx_params.count &&
-			    !amdtp_stream_wait_callback(&dice->tx_stream[i],
-							CALLBACK_TIMEOUT)) ||
-			    (i < rx_params.count &&
-			     !amdtp_stream_wait_callback(&dice->rx_stream[i],
-							 CALLBACK_TIMEOUT))) {
-				err = -ETIMEDOUT;
-				goto error;
-			}
+		if (!amdtp_domain_wait_ready(&dice->domain, READY_TIMEOUT_MS)) {
+			err = -ETIMEDOUT;
+			goto error;
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -653,7 +635,7 @@ int snd_dice_stream_detect_current_formats(struct snd_dice *dice)
 	 * invalid stream formats. Selecting clock parameters have an effect
 	 * for the unit to refine it.
 	 */
-	err = ensure_phase_lock(dice, rate);
+	err = select_clock(dice, rate);
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
diff --git a/sound/firewire/dice/dice-transaction.c b/sound/firewire/dice/dice-transaction.c
index 2c0dde29a024..92941ef83cd5 100644
--- a/sound/firewire/dice/dice-transaction.c
+++ b/sound/firewire/dice/dice-transaction.c
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ static void dice_notification(struct fw_card *card, struct fw_request *request,
 
 	fw_send_response(card, request, RCODE_COMPLETE);
 
-	if (bits & NOTIFY_LOCK_CHG)
+	if (bits & NOTIFY_CLOCK_ACCEPTED)
 		complete(&dice->clock_accepted);
 	wake_up(&dice->hwdep_wait);
 }
diff --git a/sound/firewire/dice/dice.c b/sound/firewire/dice/dice.c
index 239d164b0eea..f75902bc8e74 100644
--- a/sound/firewire/dice/dice.c
+++ b/sound/firewire/dice/dice.c
@@ -135,22 +135,51 @@ static void dice_card_free(struct snd_card *card)
 
 	snd_dice_stream_destroy_duplex(dice);
 	snd_dice_transaction_destroy(dice);
+
+	mutex_destroy(&dice->mutex);
+	fw_unit_put(dice->unit);
 }
 
-static void do_registration(struct work_struct *work)
+static int dice_probe(struct fw_unit *unit, const struct ieee1394_device_id *entry)
 {
-	struct snd_dice *dice = container_of(work, struct snd_dice, dwork.work);
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct snd_dice *dice;
+	snd_dice_detect_formats_t detect_formats;
 	int err;
 
-	if (dice->registered)
-		return;
+	if (!entry->driver_data && entry->vendor_id != OUI_SSL) {
+		err = check_dice_category(unit);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return -ENODEV;
+	}
 
-	err = snd_card_new(&dice->unit->device, -1, NULL, THIS_MODULE, 0,
-			   &dice->card);
+	err = snd_card_new(&unit->device, -1, NULL, THIS_MODULE, sizeof(*dice), &card);
 	if (err < 0)
-		return;
-	dice->card->private_free = dice_card_free;
-	dice->card->private_data = dice;
+		return err;
+	card->private_free = dice_card_free;
+
+	dice = card->private_data;
+	dice->unit = fw_unit_get(unit);
+	dev_set_drvdata(&unit->device, dice);
+	dice->card = card;
+
+	if (!entry->driver_data)
+		detect_formats = snd_dice_stream_detect_current_formats;
+	else
+		detect_formats = (snd_dice_detect_formats_t)entry->driver_data;
+
+	// Below models are compliant to IEC 61883-1/6 and have no quirk at high sampling transfer
+	// frequency.
+	// * Avid M-Box 3 Pro
+	// * M-Audio Profire 610
+	// * M-Audio Profire 2626
+	if (entry->vendor_id == OUI_MAUDIO || entry->vendor_id == OUI_AVID)
+		dice->disable_double_pcm_frames = true;
+
+	spin_lock_init(&dice->lock);
+	mutex_init(&dice->mutex);
+	init_completion(&dice->clock_accepted);
+	init_waitqueue_head(&dice->hwdep_wait);
 
 	err = snd_dice_transaction_init(dice);
 	if (err < 0)
@@ -162,7 +191,7 @@ static void do_registration(struct work_struct *work)
 
 	dice_card_strings(dice);
 
-	err = dice->detect_formats(dice);
+	err = detect_formats(dice);
 	if (err < 0)
 		goto error;
 
@@ -184,105 +213,34 @@ static void do_registration(struct work_struct *work)
 	if (err < 0)
 		goto error;
 
-	err = snd_card_register(dice->card);
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
 	if (err < 0)
 		goto error;
 
-	dice->registered = true;
-
-	return;
-error:
-	snd_card_free(dice->card);
-	dev_info(&dice->unit->device,
-		 "Sound card registration failed: %d\n", err);
-}
-
-static int dice_probe(struct fw_unit *unit,
-		      const struct ieee1394_device_id *entry)
-{
-	struct snd_dice *dice;
-	int err;
-
-	if (!entry->driver_data && entry->vendor_id != OUI_SSL) {
-		err = check_dice_category(unit);
-		if (err < 0)
-			return -ENODEV;
-	}
-
-	/* Allocate this independent of sound card instance. */
-	dice = devm_kzalloc(&unit->device, sizeof(struct snd_dice), GFP_KERNEL);
-	if (!dice)
-		return -ENOMEM;
-	dice->unit = fw_unit_get(unit);
-	dev_set_drvdata(&unit->device, dice);
-
-	if (!entry->driver_data) {
-		dice->detect_formats = snd_dice_stream_detect_current_formats;
-	} else {
-		dice->detect_formats =
-				(snd_dice_detect_formats_t)entry->driver_data;
-	}
-
-	// Below models are compliant to IEC 61883-1/6 and have no quirk at high sampling transfer
-	// frequency.
-	// * Avid M-Box 3 Pro
-	// * M-Audio Profire 610
-	// * M-Audio Profire 2626
-	if (entry->vendor_id == OUI_MAUDIO || entry->vendor_id == OUI_AVID)
-		dice->disable_double_pcm_frames = true;
-
-	spin_lock_init(&dice->lock);
-	mutex_init(&dice->mutex);
-	init_completion(&dice->clock_accepted);
-	init_waitqueue_head(&dice->hwdep_wait);
-
-	/* Allocate and register this sound card later. */
-	INIT_DEFERRABLE_WORK(&dice->dwork, do_registration);
-	snd_fw_schedule_registration(unit, &dice->dwork);
-
 	return 0;
+error:
+	snd_card_free(card);
+	return err;
 }
 
 static void dice_remove(struct fw_unit *unit)
 {
 	struct snd_dice *dice = dev_get_drvdata(&unit->device);
 
-	/*
-	 * Confirm to stop the work for registration before the sound card is
-	 * going to be released. The work is not scheduled again because bus
-	 * reset handler is not called anymore.
-	 */
-	cancel_delayed_work_sync(&dice->dwork);
-
-	if (dice->registered) {
-		// Block till all of ALSA character devices are released.
-		snd_card_free(dice->card);
-	}
-
-	mutex_destroy(&dice->mutex);
-	fw_unit_put(dice->unit);
+	// Block till all of ALSA character devices are released.
+	snd_card_free(dice->card);
 }
 
 static void dice_bus_reset(struct fw_unit *unit)
 {
 	struct snd_dice *dice = dev_get_drvdata(&unit->device);
 
-	/* Postpone a workqueue for deferred registration. */
-	if (!dice->registered)
-		snd_fw_schedule_registration(unit, &dice->dwork);
-
 	/* The handler address register becomes initialized. */
 	snd_dice_transaction_reinit(dice);
 
-	/*
-	 * After registration, userspace can start packet streaming, then this
-	 * code block works fine.
-	 */
-	if (dice->registered) {
-		mutex_lock(&dice->mutex);
-		snd_dice_stream_update_duplex(dice);
-		mutex_unlock(&dice->mutex);
-	}
+	mutex_lock(&dice->mutex);
+	snd_dice_stream_update_duplex(dice);
+	mutex_unlock(&dice->mutex);
 }
 
 #define DICE_INTERFACE	0x000001
diff --git a/sound/firewire/dice/dice.h b/sound/firewire/dice/dice.h
index 3c967d1b3605..fd440cc625f9 100644
--- a/sound/firewire/dice/dice.h
+++ b/sound/firewire/dice/dice.h
@@ -78,9 +78,6 @@ struct snd_dice {
 	spinlock_t lock;
 	struct mutex mutex;
 
-	bool registered;
-	struct delayed_work dwork;
-
 	/* Offsets for sub-addresses */
 	unsigned int global_offset;
 	unsigned int rx_offset;
@@ -93,7 +90,6 @@ struct snd_dice {
 	unsigned int rx_pcm_chs[MAX_STREAMS][SND_DICE_RATE_MODE_COUNT];
 	unsigned int tx_midi_ports[MAX_STREAMS];
 	unsigned int rx_midi_ports[MAX_STREAMS];
-	snd_dice_detect_formats_t detect_formats;
 
 	struct fw_address_handler notification_handler;
 	int owner_generation;
diff --git a/sound/firewire/digi00x/amdtp-dot.c b/sound/firewire/digi00x/amdtp-dot.c
index d613642a2ce3..59b86c8d89e1 100644
--- a/sound/firewire/digi00x/amdtp-dot.c
+++ b/sound/firewire/digi00x/amdtp-dot.c
@@ -396,16 +396,13 @@ int amdtp_dot_init(struct amdtp_stream *s, struct fw_unit *unit,
 		 enum amdtp_stream_direction dir)
 {
 	amdtp_stream_process_ctx_payloads_t process_ctx_payloads;
-	enum cip_flags flags;
+	unsigned int flags = CIP_NONBLOCKING | CIP_UNAWARE_SYT;
 
 	// Use different mode between incoming/outgoing.
-	if (dir == AMDTP_IN_STREAM) {
-		flags = CIP_NONBLOCKING;
+	if (dir == AMDTP_IN_STREAM)
 		process_ctx_payloads = process_ir_ctx_payloads;
-	} else {
-		flags = CIP_BLOCKING;
+	else
 		process_ctx_payloads = process_it_ctx_payloads;
-	}
 
 	return amdtp_stream_init(s, unit, dir, flags, CIP_FMT_AM,
 				process_ctx_payloads, sizeof(struct amdtp_dot));
diff --git a/sound/firewire/digi00x/digi00x-stream.c b/sound/firewire/digi00x/digi00x-stream.c
index 405d6903bfbc..a15f55b0dce3 100644
--- a/sound/firewire/digi00x/digi00x-stream.c
+++ b/sound/firewire/digi00x/digi00x-stream.c
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 
 #include "digi00x.h"
 
-#define CALLBACK_TIMEOUT 500
+#define READY_TIMEOUT_MS	200
 
 const unsigned int snd_dg00x_stream_rates[SND_DG00X_RATE_COUNT] = {
 	[SND_DG00X_RATE_44100] = 44100,
@@ -375,14 +375,15 @@ int snd_dg00x_stream_start_duplex(struct snd_dg00x *dg00x)
 		if (err < 0)
 			goto error;
 
-		err = amdtp_domain_start(&dg00x->domain, 0);
+		// NOTE: The device doesn't start packet transmission till receiving any packet.
+		// It ignores presentation time expressed by the value of syt field of CIP header
+		// in received packets. The sequence of the number of data blocks per packet is
+		// important for media clock recovery.
+		err = amdtp_domain_start(&dg00x->domain, 0, true, true);
 		if (err < 0)
 			goto error;
 
-		if (!amdtp_stream_wait_callback(&dg00x->rx_stream,
-						CALLBACK_TIMEOUT) ||
-		    !amdtp_stream_wait_callback(&dg00x->tx_stream,
-						CALLBACK_TIMEOUT)) {
+		if (!amdtp_domain_wait_ready(&dg00x->domain, READY_TIMEOUT_MS)) {
 			err = -ETIMEDOUT;
 			goto error;
 		}
diff --git a/sound/firewire/digi00x/digi00x.c b/sound/firewire/digi00x/digi00x.c
index ab8408966ec3..995302808c27 100644
--- a/sound/firewire/digi00x/digi00x.c
+++ b/sound/firewire/digi00x/digi00x.c
@@ -47,23 +47,32 @@ static void dg00x_card_free(struct snd_card *card)
 
 	snd_dg00x_stream_destroy_duplex(dg00x);
 	snd_dg00x_transaction_unregister(dg00x);
+
+	mutex_destroy(&dg00x->mutex);
+	fw_unit_put(dg00x->unit);
 }
 
-static void do_registration(struct work_struct *work)
+static int snd_dg00x_probe(struct fw_unit *unit, const struct ieee1394_device_id *entry)
 {
-	struct snd_dg00x *dg00x =
-			container_of(work, struct snd_dg00x, dwork.work);
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct snd_dg00x *dg00x;
 	int err;
 
-	if (dg00x->registered)
-		return;
-
-	err = snd_card_new(&dg00x->unit->device, -1, NULL, THIS_MODULE, 0,
-			   &dg00x->card);
+	err = snd_card_new(&unit->device, -1, NULL, THIS_MODULE, sizeof(*dg00x), &card);
 	if (err < 0)
-		return;
-	dg00x->card->private_free = dg00x_card_free;
-	dg00x->card->private_data = dg00x;
+		return err;
+	card->private_free = dg00x_card_free;
+
+	dg00x = card->private_data;
+	dg00x->unit = fw_unit_get(unit);
+	dev_set_drvdata(&unit->device, dg00x);
+	dg00x->card = card;
+
+	mutex_init(&dg00x->mutex);
+	spin_lock_init(&dg00x->lock);
+	init_waitqueue_head(&dg00x->hwdep_wait);
+
+	dg00x->is_console = entry->model_id == MODEL_CONSOLE;
 
 	err = name_card(dg00x);
 	if (err < 0)
@@ -91,85 +100,33 @@ static void do_registration(struct work_struct *work)
 	if (err < 0)
 		goto error;
 
-	err = snd_card_register(dg00x->card);
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
 	if (err < 0)
 		goto error;
 
-	dg00x->registered = true;
-
-	return;
-error:
-	snd_card_free(dg00x->card);
-	dev_info(&dg00x->unit->device,
-		 "Sound card registration failed: %d\n", err);
-}
-
-static int snd_dg00x_probe(struct fw_unit *unit,
-			   const struct ieee1394_device_id *entry)
-{
-	struct snd_dg00x *dg00x;
-
-	/* Allocate this independent of sound card instance. */
-	dg00x = devm_kzalloc(&unit->device, sizeof(struct snd_dg00x),
-			     GFP_KERNEL);
-	if (!dg00x)
-		return -ENOMEM;
-
-	dg00x->unit = fw_unit_get(unit);
-	dev_set_drvdata(&unit->device, dg00x);
-
-	mutex_init(&dg00x->mutex);
-	spin_lock_init(&dg00x->lock);
-	init_waitqueue_head(&dg00x->hwdep_wait);
-
-	dg00x->is_console = entry->model_id == MODEL_CONSOLE;
-
-	/* Allocate and register this sound card later. */
-	INIT_DEFERRABLE_WORK(&dg00x->dwork, do_registration);
-	snd_fw_schedule_registration(unit, &dg00x->dwork);
-
 	return 0;
+error:
+	snd_card_free(card);
+	return err;
 }
 
 static void snd_dg00x_update(struct fw_unit *unit)
 {
 	struct snd_dg00x *dg00x = dev_get_drvdata(&unit->device);
 
-	/* Postpone a workqueue for deferred registration. */
-	if (!dg00x->registered)
-		snd_fw_schedule_registration(unit, &dg00x->dwork);
-
 	snd_dg00x_transaction_reregister(dg00x);
 
-	/*
-	 * After registration, userspace can start packet streaming, then this
-	 * code block works fine.
-	 */
-	if (dg00x->registered) {
-		mutex_lock(&dg00x->mutex);
-		snd_dg00x_stream_update_duplex(dg00x);
-		mutex_unlock(&dg00x->mutex);
-	}
+	mutex_lock(&dg00x->mutex);
+	snd_dg00x_stream_update_duplex(dg00x);
+	mutex_unlock(&dg00x->mutex);
 }
 
 static void snd_dg00x_remove(struct fw_unit *unit)
 {
 	struct snd_dg00x *dg00x = dev_get_drvdata(&unit->device);
 
-	/*
-	 * Confirm to stop the work for registration before the sound card is
-	 * going to be released. The work is not scheduled again because bus
-	 * reset handler is not called anymore.
-	 */
-	cancel_delayed_work_sync(&dg00x->dwork);
-
-	if (dg00x->registered) {
-		// Block till all of ALSA character devices are released.
-		snd_card_free(dg00x->card);
-	}
-
-	mutex_destroy(&dg00x->mutex);
-	fw_unit_put(dg00x->unit);
+	// Block till all of ALSA character devices are released.
+	snd_card_free(dg00x->card);
 }
 
 static const struct ieee1394_device_id snd_dg00x_id_table[] = {
diff --git a/sound/firewire/digi00x/digi00x.h b/sound/firewire/digi00x/digi00x.h
index 129de8edd5ea..82b647d383c5 100644
--- a/sound/firewire/digi00x/digi00x.h
+++ b/sound/firewire/digi00x/digi00x.h
@@ -37,9 +37,6 @@ struct snd_dg00x {
 	struct mutex mutex;
 	spinlock_t lock;
 
-	bool registered;
-	struct delayed_work dwork;
-
 	struct amdtp_stream tx_stream;
 	struct fw_iso_resources tx_resources;
 
diff --git a/sound/firewire/fireface/amdtp-ff.c b/sound/firewire/fireface/amdtp-ff.c
index 119c0076b17a..98177b0666d3 100644
--- a/sound/firewire/fireface/amdtp-ff.c
+++ b/sound/firewire/fireface/amdtp-ff.c
@@ -168,6 +168,6 @@ int amdtp_ff_init(struct amdtp_stream *s, struct fw_unit *unit,
 	else
 		process_ctx_payloads = process_it_ctx_payloads;
 
-	return amdtp_stream_init(s, unit, dir, CIP_NO_HEADER, 0,
+	return amdtp_stream_init(s, unit, dir, CIP_BLOCKING | CIP_UNAWARE_SYT | CIP_NO_HEADER, 0,
 				 process_ctx_payloads, sizeof(struct amdtp_ff));
 }
diff --git a/sound/firewire/fireface/ff-stream.c b/sound/firewire/fireface/ff-stream.c
index 5452115c0ef9..95bf405adb3d 100644
--- a/sound/firewire/fireface/ff-stream.c
+++ b/sound/firewire/fireface/ff-stream.c
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 
 #include "ff.h"
 
-#define CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS	200
+#define READY_TIMEOUT_MS	200
 
 int snd_ff_stream_get_multiplier_mode(enum cip_sfc sfc,
 				      enum snd_ff_stream_mode *mode)
@@ -199,14 +199,15 @@ int snd_ff_stream_start_duplex(struct snd_ff *ff, unsigned int rate)
 		if (err < 0)
 			goto error;
 
-		err = amdtp_domain_start(&ff->domain, 0);
+		// NOTE: The device doesn't transfer packets unless receiving any packet. The
+		// sequence of tx packets includes cycle skip corresponding to empty packet or
+		// NODATA packet in IEC 61883-1/6. The sequence of the number of data blocks per
+		// packet is important for media clock recovery.
+		err = amdtp_domain_start(&ff->domain, 0, true, true);
 		if (err < 0)
 			goto error;
 
-		if (!amdtp_stream_wait_callback(&ff->rx_stream,
-						CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS) ||
-		    !amdtp_stream_wait_callback(&ff->tx_stream,
-						CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS)) {
+		if (!amdtp_domain_wait_ready(&ff->domain, READY_TIMEOUT_MS)) {
 			err = -ETIMEDOUT;
 			goto error;
 		}
diff --git a/sound/firewire/fireface/ff.c b/sound/firewire/fireface/ff.c
index bc39269415d2..7bf51d062021 100644
--- a/sound/firewire/fireface/ff.c
+++ b/sound/firewire/fireface/ff.c
@@ -42,22 +42,33 @@ static void ff_card_free(struct snd_card *card)
 
 	snd_ff_stream_destroy_duplex(ff);
 	snd_ff_transaction_unregister(ff);
+
+	mutex_destroy(&ff->mutex);
+	fw_unit_put(ff->unit);
 }
 
-static void do_registration(struct work_struct *work)
+static int snd_ff_probe(struct fw_unit *unit, const struct ieee1394_device_id *entry)
 {
-	struct snd_ff *ff = container_of(work, struct snd_ff, dwork.work);
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct snd_ff *ff;
 	int err;
 
-	if (ff->registered)
-		return;
-
-	err = snd_card_new(&ff->unit->device, -1, NULL, THIS_MODULE, 0,
-			   &ff->card);
+	err = snd_card_new(&unit->device, -1, NULL, THIS_MODULE, sizeof(*ff), &card);
 	if (err < 0)
-		return;
-	ff->card->private_free = ff_card_free;
-	ff->card->private_data = ff;
+		return err;
+	card->private_free = ff_card_free;
+
+	ff = card->private_data;
+	ff->unit = fw_unit_get(unit);
+	dev_set_drvdata(&unit->device, ff);
+	ff->card = card;
+
+	mutex_init(&ff->mutex);
+	spin_lock_init(&ff->lock);
+	init_waitqueue_head(&ff->hwdep_wait);
+
+	ff->unit_version = entry->version;
+	ff->spec = (const struct snd_ff_spec *)entry->driver_data;
 
 	err = snd_ff_transaction_register(ff);
 	if (err < 0)
@@ -83,76 +94,31 @@ static void do_registration(struct work_struct *work)
 	if (err < 0)
 		goto error;
 
-	err = snd_card_register(ff->card);
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
 	if (err < 0)
 		goto error;
 
-	ff->registered = true;
-
-	return;
-error:
-	snd_card_free(ff->card);
-	dev_info(&ff->unit->device,
-		 "Sound card registration failed: %d\n", err);
-}
-
-static int snd_ff_probe(struct fw_unit *unit,
-			   const struct ieee1394_device_id *entry)
-{
-	struct snd_ff *ff;
-
-	ff = devm_kzalloc(&unit->device, sizeof(struct snd_ff), GFP_KERNEL);
-	if (!ff)
-		return -ENOMEM;
-	ff->unit = fw_unit_get(unit);
-	dev_set_drvdata(&unit->device, ff);
-
-	mutex_init(&ff->mutex);
-	spin_lock_init(&ff->lock);
-	init_waitqueue_head(&ff->hwdep_wait);
-
-	ff->unit_version = entry->version;
-	ff->spec = (const struct snd_ff_spec *)entry->driver_data;
-
-	/* Register this sound card later. */
-	INIT_DEFERRABLE_WORK(&ff->dwork, do_registration);
-	snd_fw_schedule_registration(unit, &ff->dwork);
-
 	return 0;
+error:
+	snd_card_free(card);
+	return err;
 }
 
 static void snd_ff_update(struct fw_unit *unit)
 {
 	struct snd_ff *ff = dev_get_drvdata(&unit->device);
 
-	/* Postpone a workqueue for deferred registration. */
-	if (!ff->registered)
-		snd_fw_schedule_registration(unit, &ff->dwork);
-
 	snd_ff_transaction_reregister(ff);
 
-	if (ff->registered)
-		snd_ff_stream_update_duplex(ff);
+	snd_ff_stream_update_duplex(ff);
 }
 
 static void snd_ff_remove(struct fw_unit *unit)
 {
 	struct snd_ff *ff = dev_get_drvdata(&unit->device);
 
-	/*
-	 * Confirm to stop the work for registration before the sound card is
-	 * going to be released. The work is not scheduled again because bus
-	 * reset handler is not called anymore.
-	 */
-	cancel_work_sync(&ff->dwork.work);
-
-	if (ff->registered) {
-		// Block till all of ALSA character devices are released.
-		snd_card_free(ff->card);
-	}
-
-	mutex_destroy(&ff->mutex);
-	fw_unit_put(ff->unit);
+	// Block till all of ALSA character devices are released.
+	snd_card_free(ff->card);
 }
 
 static const struct snd_ff_spec spec_ff800 = {
diff --git a/sound/firewire/fireface/ff.h b/sound/firewire/fireface/ff.h
index 705e7df4f929..0535f0b58b67 100644
--- a/sound/firewire/fireface/ff.h
+++ b/sound/firewire/fireface/ff.h
@@ -69,9 +69,6 @@ struct snd_ff {
 	struct mutex mutex;
 	spinlock_t lock;
 
-	bool registered;
-	struct delayed_work dwork;
-
 	enum snd_ff_unit_version unit_version;
 	const struct snd_ff_spec *spec;
 
diff --git a/sound/firewire/fireworks/fireworks.c b/sound/firewire/fireworks/fireworks.c
index b1cc013a3540..ffb6dd796243 100644
--- a/sound/firewire/fireworks/fireworks.c
+++ b/sound/firewire/fireworks/fireworks.c
@@ -194,19 +194,19 @@ efw_card_free(struct snd_card *card)
 
 	snd_efw_stream_destroy_duplex(efw);
 	snd_efw_transaction_remove_instance(efw);
+
+	mutex_destroy(&efw->mutex);
+	fw_unit_put(efw->unit);
 }
 
-static void
-do_registration(struct work_struct *work)
+static int efw_probe(struct fw_unit *unit, const struct ieee1394_device_id *entry)
 {
-	struct snd_efw *efw = container_of(work, struct snd_efw, dwork.work);
 	unsigned int card_index;
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct snd_efw *efw;
 	int err;
 
-	if (efw->registered)
-		return;
-
-	/* check registered cards */
+	// check registered cards.
 	mutex_lock(&devices_mutex);
 	for (card_index = 0; card_index < SNDRV_CARDS; ++card_index) {
 		if (!test_bit(card_index, devices_used) && enable[card_index])
@@ -214,26 +214,32 @@ do_registration(struct work_struct *work)
 	}
 	if (card_index >= SNDRV_CARDS) {
 		mutex_unlock(&devices_mutex);
-		return;
+		return -ENOENT;
 	}
 
-	err = snd_card_new(&efw->unit->device, index[card_index],
-			   id[card_index], THIS_MODULE, 0, &efw->card);
+	err = snd_card_new(&unit->device, index[card_index], id[card_index], THIS_MODULE,
+			   sizeof(*efw), &card);
 	if (err < 0) {
 		mutex_unlock(&devices_mutex);
-		return;
+		return err;
 	}
+	card->private_free = efw_card_free;
 	set_bit(card_index, devices_used);
 	mutex_unlock(&devices_mutex);
 
-	efw->card->private_free = efw_card_free;
-	efw->card->private_data = efw;
+	efw = card->private_data;
+	efw->unit = fw_unit_get(unit);
+	dev_set_drvdata(&unit->device, efw);
+	efw->card = card;
+	efw->card_index = card_index;
+
+	mutex_init(&efw->mutex);
+	spin_lock_init(&efw->lock);
+	init_waitqueue_head(&efw->hwdep_wait);
 
-	/* prepare response buffer */
-	snd_efw_resp_buf_size = clamp(snd_efw_resp_buf_size,
-				      SND_EFW_RESPONSE_MAXIMUM_BYTES, 4096U);
-	efw->resp_buf = devm_kzalloc(&efw->card->card_dev,
-				     snd_efw_resp_buf_size, GFP_KERNEL);
+	// prepare response buffer.
+	snd_efw_resp_buf_size = clamp(snd_efw_resp_buf_size, SND_EFW_RESPONSE_MAXIMUM_BYTES, 4096U);
+	efw->resp_buf = devm_kzalloc(&card->card_dev, snd_efw_resp_buf_size, GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (!efw->resp_buf) {
 		err = -ENOMEM;
 		goto error;
@@ -265,80 +271,48 @@ do_registration(struct work_struct *work)
 	if (err < 0)
 		goto error;
 
-	err = snd_card_register(efw->card);
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
 	if (err < 0)
 		goto error;
 
-	efw->registered = true;
-
-	return;
-error:
-	snd_card_free(efw->card);
-	dev_info(&efw->unit->device,
-		 "Sound card registration failed: %d\n", err);
-}
-
-static int
-efw_probe(struct fw_unit *unit, const struct ieee1394_device_id *entry)
-{
-	struct snd_efw *efw;
-
-	efw = devm_kzalloc(&unit->device, sizeof(struct snd_efw), GFP_KERNEL);
-	if (efw == NULL)
-		return -ENOMEM;
-	efw->unit = fw_unit_get(unit);
-	dev_set_drvdata(&unit->device, efw);
-
-	mutex_init(&efw->mutex);
-	spin_lock_init(&efw->lock);
-	init_waitqueue_head(&efw->hwdep_wait);
-
-	/* Allocate and register this sound card later. */
-	INIT_DEFERRABLE_WORK(&efw->dwork, do_registration);
-	snd_fw_schedule_registration(unit, &efw->dwork);
-
 	return 0;
+error:
+	snd_card_free(card);
+	return err;
 }
 
 static void efw_update(struct fw_unit *unit)
 {
 	struct snd_efw *efw = dev_get_drvdata(&unit->device);
 
-	/* Postpone a workqueue for deferred registration. */
-	if (!efw->registered)
-		snd_fw_schedule_registration(unit, &efw->dwork);
-
 	snd_efw_transaction_bus_reset(efw->unit);
 
-	/*
-	 * After registration, userspace can start packet streaming, then this
-	 * code block works fine.
-	 */
-	if (efw->registered) {
-		mutex_lock(&efw->mutex);
-		snd_efw_stream_update_duplex(efw);
-		mutex_unlock(&efw->mutex);
-	}
+	mutex_lock(&efw->mutex);
+	snd_efw_stream_update_duplex(efw);
+	mutex_unlock(&efw->mutex);
 }
 
 static void efw_remove(struct fw_unit *unit)
 {
 	struct snd_efw *efw = dev_get_drvdata(&unit->device);
 
-	/*
-	 * Confirm to stop the work for registration before the sound card is
-	 * going to be released. The work is not scheduled again because bus
-	 * reset handler is not called anymore.
-	 */
-	cancel_delayed_work_sync(&efw->dwork);
-
-	if (efw->registered) {
-		// Block till all of ALSA character devices are released.
-		snd_card_free(efw->card);
-	}
+	// Block till all of ALSA character devices are released.
+	snd_card_free(efw->card);
+}
 
-	mutex_destroy(&efw->mutex);
-	fw_unit_put(efw->unit);
+#define SPECIFIER_1394TA	0x00a02d
+#define VERSION_EFW		0x010000
+
+#define SND_EFW_DEV_ENTRY(vendor, model) \
+{ \
+	.match_flags	= IEEE1394_MATCH_VENDOR_ID | \
+			  IEEE1394_MATCH_MODEL_ID | \
+			  IEEE1394_MATCH_SPECIFIER_ID | \
+			  IEEE1394_MATCH_VERSION, \
+	.vendor_id	= vendor,\
+	.model_id	= model, \
+	.specifier_id	= SPECIFIER_1394TA, \
+	.version	= VERSION_EFW, \
 }
 
 static const struct ieee1394_device_id efw_id_table[] = {
diff --git a/sound/firewire/fireworks/fireworks.h b/sound/firewire/fireworks/fireworks.h
index 654e28a6669f..c8d5879efe28 100644
--- a/sound/firewire/fireworks/fireworks.h
+++ b/sound/firewire/fireworks/fireworks.h
@@ -65,9 +65,6 @@ struct snd_efw {
 	struct mutex mutex;
 	spinlock_t lock;
 
-	bool registered;
-	struct delayed_work dwork;
-
 	/* for transaction */
 	u32 seqnum;
 	bool resp_addr_changable;
@@ -181,7 +178,7 @@ struct snd_efw_phys_meters {
 } __packed;
 enum snd_efw_clock_source {
 	SND_EFW_CLOCK_SOURCE_INTERNAL	= 0,
-	SND_EFW_CLOCK_SOURCE_SYTMATCH	= 1,
+	// Unused.
 	SND_EFW_CLOCK_SOURCE_WORDCLOCK	= 2,
 	SND_EFW_CLOCK_SOURCE_SPDIF	= 3,
 	SND_EFW_CLOCK_SOURCE_ADAT_1	= 4,
@@ -227,12 +224,4 @@ int snd_efw_get_multiplier_mode(unsigned int sampling_rate, unsigned int *mode);
 
 int snd_efw_create_hwdep_device(struct snd_efw *efw);
 
-#define SND_EFW_DEV_ENTRY(vendor, model) \
-{ \
-	.match_flags	= IEEE1394_MATCH_VENDOR_ID | \
-			  IEEE1394_MATCH_MODEL_ID, \
-	.vendor_id	= vendor,\
-	.model_id	= model \
-}
-
 #endif
diff --git a/sound/firewire/fireworks/fireworks_stream.c b/sound/firewire/fireworks/fireworks_stream.c
index 2206af0fef42..ac66f08acd6b 100644
--- a/sound/firewire/fireworks/fireworks_stream.c
+++ b/sound/firewire/fireworks/fireworks_stream.c
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
  */
 #include "./fireworks.h"
 
-#define CALLBACK_TIMEOUT	100
+#define READY_TIMEOUT_MS	1000
 
 static int init_stream(struct snd_efw *efw, struct amdtp_stream *stream)
 {
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ static int init_stream(struct snd_efw *efw, struct amdtp_stream *stream)
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
-	err = amdtp_am824_init(stream, efw->unit, s_dir, CIP_BLOCKING);
+	err = amdtp_am824_init(stream, efw->unit, s_dir, CIP_BLOCKING | CIP_UNAWARE_SYT);
 	if (err < 0) {
 		amdtp_stream_destroy(stream);
 		cmp_connection_destroy(conn);
@@ -264,6 +264,15 @@ int snd_efw_stream_start_duplex(struct snd_efw *efw)
 		return err;
 
 	if (!amdtp_stream_running(&efw->rx_stream)) {
+		unsigned int tx_init_skip_cycles;
+
+		// Audiofire 2/4 skip an isochronous cycle several thousands after starting
+		// packet transmission.
+		if (efw->is_fireworks3 && !efw->is_af9)
+			tx_init_skip_cycles = 6000;
+		else
+			tx_init_skip_cycles = 0;
+
 		err = start_stream(efw, &efw->rx_stream, rate);
 		if (err < 0)
 			goto error;
@@ -272,15 +281,14 @@ int snd_efw_stream_start_duplex(struct snd_efw *efw)
 		if (err < 0)
 			goto error;
 
-		err = amdtp_domain_start(&efw->domain, 0);
+		// NOTE: The device ignores presentation time expressed by the value of syt field
+		// of CIP header in received packets. The sequence of the number of data blocks per
+		// packet is important for media clock recovery.
+		err = amdtp_domain_start(&efw->domain, tx_init_skip_cycles, true, false);
 		if (err < 0)
 			goto error;
 
-		// Wait first callback.
-		if (!amdtp_stream_wait_callback(&efw->rx_stream,
-						CALLBACK_TIMEOUT) ||
-		    !amdtp_stream_wait_callback(&efw->tx_stream,
-						CALLBACK_TIMEOUT)) {
+		if (!amdtp_domain_wait_ready(&efw->domain, READY_TIMEOUT_MS)) {
 			err = -ETIMEDOUT;
 			goto error;
 		}
diff --git a/sound/firewire/lib.c b/sound/firewire/lib.c
index 85c4f4477c7f..e0a2337e8f27 100644
--- a/sound/firewire/lib.c
+++ b/sound/firewire/lib.c
@@ -67,38 +67,6 @@ int snd_fw_transaction(struct fw_unit *unit, int tcode,
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_fw_transaction);
 
-#define PROBE_DELAY_MS		(2 * MSEC_PER_SEC)
-
-/**
- * snd_fw_schedule_registration - schedule work for sound card registration
- * @unit: an instance for unit on IEEE 1394 bus
- * @dwork: delayed work with callback function
- *
- * This function is not designed for general purposes. When new unit is
- * connected to IEEE 1394 bus, the bus is under bus-reset state because of
- * topological change. In this state, units tend to fail both of asynchronous
- * and isochronous communication. To avoid this problem, this function is used
- * to postpone sound card registration after the state. The callers must
- * set up instance of delayed work in advance.
- */
-void snd_fw_schedule_registration(struct fw_unit *unit,
-				  struct delayed_work *dwork)
-{
-	u64 now, delay;
-
-	now = get_jiffies_64();
-	delay = fw_parent_device(unit)->card->reset_jiffies
-					+ msecs_to_jiffies(PROBE_DELAY_MS);
-
-	if (time_after64(delay, now))
-		delay -= now;
-	else
-		delay = 0;
-
-	mod_delayed_work(system_wq, dwork, delay);
-}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_fw_schedule_registration);
-
 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("FireWire audio helper functions");
 MODULE_AUTHOR("Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de>");
 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL v2");
diff --git a/sound/firewire/lib.h b/sound/firewire/lib.h
index dc815dc3933e..664dfdb9e58d 100644
--- a/sound/firewire/lib.h
+++ b/sound/firewire/lib.h
@@ -23,7 +23,4 @@ static inline bool rcode_is_permanent_error(int rcode)
 	return rcode == RCODE_TYPE_ERROR || rcode == RCODE_ADDRESS_ERROR;
 }
 
-void snd_fw_schedule_registration(struct fw_unit *unit,
-				  struct delayed_work *dwork);
-
 #endif
diff --git a/sound/firewire/motu/Makefile b/sound/firewire/motu/Makefile
index 7c502d35103c..acdf66564fb0 100644
--- a/sound/firewire/motu/Makefile
+++ b/sound/firewire/motu/Makefile
@@ -3,5 +3,6 @@ CFLAGS_amdtp-motu.o	:= -I$(src)
 
 snd-firewire-motu-objs := motu.o amdtp-motu.o motu-transaction.o motu-stream.o \
 			  motu-proc.o motu-pcm.o motu-midi.o motu-hwdep.o \
-			  motu-protocol-v2.o motu-protocol-v3.o
+			  motu-protocol-v2.o motu-protocol-v3.o \
+			  motu-protocol-v1.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_SND_FIREWIRE_MOTU) += snd-firewire-motu.o
diff --git a/sound/firewire/motu/amdtp-motu.c b/sound/firewire/motu/amdtp-motu.c
index edb31ac26868..5388b85fb60e 100644
--- a/sound/firewire/motu/amdtp-motu.c
+++ b/sound/firewire/motu/amdtp-motu.c
@@ -16,6 +16,14 @@
 #define CIP_FMT_MOTU_TX_V3	0x22
 #define MOTU_FDF_AM824		0x22
 
+#define TICKS_PER_CYCLE		3072
+#define CYCLES_PER_SECOND	8000
+#define TICKS_PER_SECOND	(TICKS_PER_CYCLE * CYCLES_PER_SECOND)
+
+#define CIP_SPH_CYCLE_SHIFT	12
+#define CIP_SPH_CYCLE_MASK	0x01fff000
+#define CIP_SPH_OFFSET_MASK	0x00000fff
+
 /*
  * Nominally 3125 bytes/second, but the MIDI port's clock might be
  * 1% too slow, and the bus clock 100 ppm too fast.
@@ -23,14 +31,6 @@
 #define MIDI_BYTES_PER_SECOND	3093
 
 struct amdtp_motu {
-	/* For timestamp processing.  */
-	unsigned int quotient_ticks_per_event;
-	unsigned int remainder_ticks_per_event;
-	unsigned int next_ticks;
-	unsigned int next_accumulated;
-	unsigned int next_cycles;
-	unsigned int next_seconds;
-
 	unsigned int pcm_chunks;
 	unsigned int pcm_byte_offset;
 
@@ -41,26 +41,16 @@ struct amdtp_motu {
 
 	int midi_db_count;
 	unsigned int midi_db_interval;
+
+	struct amdtp_motu_cache *cache;
 };
 
 int amdtp_motu_set_parameters(struct amdtp_stream *s, unsigned int rate,
 			      unsigned int midi_ports,
 			      struct snd_motu_packet_format *formats)
 {
-	static const struct {
-		unsigned int quotient_ticks_per_event;
-		unsigned int remainder_ticks_per_event;
-	} params[] = {
-		[CIP_SFC_44100]  = { 557, 123 },
-		[CIP_SFC_48000]  = { 512,   0 },
-		[CIP_SFC_88200]  = { 278, 282 },
-		[CIP_SFC_96000]  = { 256,   0 },
-		[CIP_SFC_176400] = { 139, 141 },
-		[CIP_SFC_192000] = { 128,   0 },
-	};
 	struct amdtp_motu *p = s->protocol;
 	unsigned int pcm_chunks, data_chunks, data_block_quadlets;
-	unsigned int delay;
 	unsigned int mode;
 	int i, err;
 
@@ -97,19 +87,6 @@ int amdtp_motu_set_parameters(struct amdtp_stream *s, unsigned int rate,
 	p->midi_db_count = 0;
 	p->midi_db_interval = rate / MIDI_BYTES_PER_SECOND;
 
-	/* IEEE 1394 bus requires. */
-	delay = 0x2e00;
-
-	/* For no-data or empty packets to adjust PCM sampling frequency. */
-	delay += 8000 * 3072 * s->syt_interval / rate;
-
-	p->next_seconds = 0;
-	p->next_cycles = delay / 3072;
-	p->quotient_ticks_per_event = params[s->sfc].quotient_ticks_per_event;
-	p->remainder_ticks_per_event = params[s->sfc].remainder_ticks_per_event;
-	p->next_ticks = delay % 3072;
-	p->next_accumulated = 0;
-
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -322,6 +299,34 @@ static void probe_tracepoints_events(struct amdtp_stream *s,
 	}
 }
 
+static void cache_event_offsets(struct amdtp_motu_cache *cache, const __be32 *buf,
+				unsigned int data_blocks, unsigned int data_block_quadlets)
+{
+	unsigned int *event_offsets = cache->event_offsets;
+	const unsigned int cache_size = cache->size;
+	unsigned int cache_tail = cache->tail;
+	unsigned int base_tick = cache->tx_cycle_count * TICKS_PER_CYCLE;
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < data_blocks; ++i) {
+		u32 sph = be32_to_cpu(*buf);
+		unsigned int tick;
+
+		tick = ((sph & CIP_SPH_CYCLE_MASK) >> CIP_SPH_CYCLE_SHIFT) * TICKS_PER_CYCLE +
+		       (sph & CIP_SPH_OFFSET_MASK);
+
+		if (tick < base_tick)
+			tick += TICKS_PER_SECOND;
+		event_offsets[cache_tail] = tick - base_tick;
+
+		cache_tail = (cache_tail + 1) % cache_size;
+		buf += data_block_quadlets;
+	}
+
+	cache->tail = cache_tail;
+	cache->tx_cycle_count = (cache->tx_cycle_count + 1) % CYCLES_PER_SECOND;
+}
+
 static unsigned int process_ir_ctx_payloads(struct amdtp_stream *s,
 					    const struct pkt_desc *descs,
 					    unsigned int packets,
@@ -331,12 +336,17 @@ static unsigned int process_ir_ctx_payloads(struct amdtp_stream *s,
 	unsigned int pcm_frames = 0;
 	int i;
 
+	if (p->cache->tx_cycle_count == UINT_MAX)
+		p->cache->tx_cycle_count = (s->domain->processing_cycle.tx_start % CYCLES_PER_SECOND);
+
 	// For data block processing.
 	for (i = 0; i < packets; ++i) {
 		const struct pkt_desc *desc = descs + i;
 		__be32 *buf = desc->ctx_payload;
 		unsigned int data_blocks = desc->data_blocks;
 
+		cache_event_offsets(p->cache, buf, data_blocks, s->data_block_quadlets);
+
 		if (pcm) {
 			read_pcm_s32(s, pcm, buf, data_blocks, pcm_frames);
 			pcm_frames += data_blocks;
@@ -354,46 +364,26 @@ static unsigned int process_ir_ctx_payloads(struct amdtp_stream *s,
 	return pcm_frames;
 }
 
-static inline void compute_next_elapse_from_start(struct amdtp_motu *p)
-{
-	p->next_accumulated += p->remainder_ticks_per_event;
-	if (p->next_accumulated >= 441) {
-		p->next_accumulated -= 441;
-		p->next_ticks++;
-	}
-
-	p->next_ticks += p->quotient_ticks_per_event;
-	if (p->next_ticks >= 3072) {
-		p->next_ticks -= 3072;
-		p->next_cycles++;
-	}
-
-	if (p->next_cycles >= 8000) {
-		p->next_cycles -= 8000;
-		p->next_seconds++;
-	}
-
-	if (p->next_seconds >= 128)
-		p->next_seconds -= 128;
-}
-
-static void write_sph(struct amdtp_stream *s, __be32 *buffer,
-		      unsigned int data_blocks)
+static void write_sph(struct amdtp_motu_cache *cache, __be32 *buffer, unsigned int data_blocks,
+		      unsigned int data_block_quadlets)
 {
-	struct amdtp_motu *p = s->protocol;
-	unsigned int next_cycles;
-	unsigned int i;
-	u32 sph;
+	unsigned int *event_offsets = cache->event_offsets;
+	const unsigned int cache_size = cache->size;
+	unsigned int cache_head = cache->head;
+	unsigned int base_tick = cache->rx_cycle_count * TICKS_PER_CYCLE;
+	int i;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < data_blocks; i++) {
-		next_cycles = (s->start_cycle + p->next_cycles) % 8000;
-		sph = ((next_cycles << 12) | p->next_ticks) & 0x01ffffff;
+		unsigned int tick = (base_tick + event_offsets[cache_head]) % TICKS_PER_SECOND;
+		u32 sph = ((tick / TICKS_PER_CYCLE) << CIP_SPH_CYCLE_SHIFT) | (tick % TICKS_PER_CYCLE);
 		*buffer = cpu_to_be32(sph);
 
-		compute_next_elapse_from_start(p);
-
-		buffer += s->data_block_quadlets;
+		cache_head = (cache_head + 1) % cache_size;
+		buffer += data_block_quadlets;
 	}
+
+	cache->head = cache_head;
+	cache->rx_cycle_count = (cache->rx_cycle_count + 1) % CYCLES_PER_SECOND;
 }
 
 static unsigned int process_it_ctx_payloads(struct amdtp_stream *s,
@@ -405,6 +395,9 @@ static unsigned int process_it_ctx_payloads(struct amdtp_stream *s,
 	unsigned int pcm_frames = 0;
 	int i;
 
+	if (p->cache->rx_cycle_count == UINT_MAX)
+		p->cache->rx_cycle_count = (s->domain->processing_cycle.rx_start % CYCLES_PER_SECOND);
+
 	// For data block processing.
 	for (i = 0; i < packets; ++i) {
 		const struct pkt_desc *desc = descs + i;
@@ -423,7 +416,7 @@ static unsigned int process_it_ctx_payloads(struct amdtp_stream *s,
 
 		// TODO: how to interact control messages between userspace?
 
-		write_sph(s, buf, data_blocks);
+		write_sph(p->cache, buf, data_blocks, s->data_block_quadlets);
 	}
 
 	// For tracepoints.
@@ -436,11 +429,12 @@ static unsigned int process_it_ctx_payloads(struct amdtp_stream *s,
 
 int amdtp_motu_init(struct amdtp_stream *s, struct fw_unit *unit,
 		    enum amdtp_stream_direction dir,
-		    const struct snd_motu_spec *spec)
+		    const struct snd_motu_spec *spec, struct amdtp_motu_cache *cache)
 {
 	amdtp_stream_process_ctx_payloads_t process_ctx_payloads;
 	int fmt = CIP_FMT_MOTU;
-	int flags = CIP_BLOCKING;
+	unsigned int flags = CIP_BLOCKING | CIP_UNAWARE_SYT;
+	struct amdtp_motu *p;
 	int err;
 
 	if (dir == AMDTP_IN_STREAM) {
@@ -478,9 +472,10 @@ int amdtp_motu_init(struct amdtp_stream *s, struct fw_unit *unit,
 	if (dir == AMDTP_OUT_STREAM) {
 		// Use fixed value for FDF field.
 		s->ctx_data.rx.fdf = MOTU_FDF_AM824;
-		// Not used.
-		s->ctx_data.rx.syt_override = 0xffff;
 	}
 
+	p = s->protocol;
+	p->cache = cache;
+
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/sound/firewire/motu/motu-protocol-v1.c b/sound/firewire/motu/motu-protocol-v1.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..f1d6a326dc07
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/firewire/motu/motu-protocol-v1.c
@@ -0,0 +1,470 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
+
+// motu-protocol-v1.c - a part of driver for MOTU FireWire series
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2021 Takashi Sakamoto <o-takashi@sakamocchi.jp>
+//
+// Licensed under the terms of the GNU General Public License, version 2.
+
+#include "motu.h"
+
+#include <linux/delay.h>
+
+// Status register for MOTU 828 (0x'ffff'f000'0b00).
+//
+// 0xffff0000: ISOC_COMM_CONTROL_MASK in motu-stream.c.
+// 0x00008000: mode of optical input interface.
+//   0x00008000: for S/PDIF signal.
+//   0x00000000: disabled or for ADAT signal.
+// 0x00004000: mode of optical output interface.
+//   0x00004000: for S/PDIF signal.
+//   0x00000000: disabled or for ADAT signal.
+// 0x00003f00: monitor input mode.
+//   0x00000800: analog-1/2
+//   0x00001a00: analog-3/4
+//   0x00002c00: analog-5/6
+//   0x00003e00: analog-7/8
+//   0x00000000: analog-1
+//   0x00000900: analog-2
+//   0x00001200: analog-3
+//   0x00001b00: analog-4
+//   0x00002400: analog-5
+//   0x00002d00: analog-6
+//   0x00003600: analog-7
+//   0x00003f00: analog-8
+// 0x00000080: enable stream input.
+// 0x00000040: disable monitor input.
+// 0x00000008: enable main out.
+// 0x00000004: rate of sampling clock.
+//   0x00000004: 48.0 kHz
+//   0x00000000: 44.1 kHz
+// 0x00000023: source of sampling clock.
+//   0x00000003: source packet header (SPH)
+//   0x00000002: S/PDIF on optical/coaxial interface.
+//   0x00000021: ADAT on optical interface
+//   0x00000001: ADAT on Dsub 9pin
+//   0x00000000: internal
+
+#define CLK_828_STATUS_OFFSET				0x0b00
+#define  CLK_828_STATUS_MASK				0x0000ffff
+#define  CLK_828_STATUS_FLAG_OPT_IN_IFACE_IS_SPDIF	0x00008000
+#define  CLK_828_STATUS_FLAG_OPT_OUT_IFACE_IS_SPDIF	0x00004000
+#define  CLK_828_STATUS_FLAG_FETCH_PCM_FRAMES		0x00000080
+#define  CLK_828_STATUS_FLAG_ENABLE_OUTPUT		0x00000008
+#define  CLK_828_STATUS_FLAG_RATE_48000			0x00000004
+#define  CLK_828_STATUS_MASK_SRC			0x00000023
+#define   CLK_828_STATUS_FLAG_SRC_ADAT_ON_OPT		0x00000021
+#define   CLK_828_STATUS_FLAG_SRC_SPH			0x00000003
+#define   CLK_828_STATUS_FLAG_SRC_SPDIF			0x00000002
+#define   CLK_828_STATUS_FLAG_SRC_ADAT_ON_DSUB		0x00000001
+#define   CLK_828_STATUS_FLAG_SRC_INTERNAL		0x00000000
+
+// Status register for MOTU 896 (0x'ffff'f000'0b14).
+//
+// 0xf0000000: enable physical and stream input to DAC.
+//   0x80000000: disable
+//   0x40000000: disable
+//   0x20000000: enable (prior to the other bits)
+//   0x10000000: disable
+//   0x00000000: disable
+// 0x08000000: speed of word clock signal output on BNC interface.
+//   0x00000000: force to low rate (44.1/48.0 kHz).
+//   0x08000000: follow to system clock.
+// 0x04000000: something relevant to clock.
+// 0x03000000: enable output.
+//  0x02000000: enabled irreversibly once standing unless the device voluntarily disables it.
+//  0x01000000: enabled irreversibly once standing unless the device voluntarily disables it.
+// 0x00ffff00: monitor input mode.
+//   0x00000000: disabled
+//   0x00004800: analog-1/2
+//   0x00005a00: analog-3/4
+//   0x00006c00: analog-5/6
+//   0x00007e00: analog-7/8
+//   0x00104800: AES/EBU-1/2
+//   0x00004000: analog-1
+//   0x00004900: analog-2
+//   0x00005200: analog-3
+//   0x00005b00: analog-4
+//   0x00006400: analog-5
+//   0x00006d00: analog-6
+//   0x00007600: analog-7
+//   0x00007f00: analog-8
+//   0x00104000: AES/EBU-1
+//   0x00104900: AES/EBU-2
+// 0x00000060: sample rate conversion for AES/EBU input/output.
+//   0x00000000: None
+//   0x00000020: input signal is converted to system rate
+//   0x00000040: output is slave to input, ignoring system rate
+//   0x00000060: output is double rate than system rate
+// 0x00000018: nominal rate of sampling clock.
+//   0x00000000: 44.1 kHz
+//   0x00000008: 48.0 kHz
+//   0x00000010: 88.2 kHz
+//   0x00000018: 96.0 kHz
+// 0x00000007: source of sampling clock.
+//   0x00000000: internal
+//   0x00000001: ADAT on optical interface
+//   0x00000002: AES/EBU on XLR
+//   0x00000003: source packet header (SPH)
+//   0x00000004: word clock on BNC
+//   0x00000005: ADAT on Dsub 9pin
+
+#define CLK_896_STATUS_OFFSET			0x0b14
+#define  CLK_896_STATUS_FLAG_FETCH_ENABLE	0x20000000
+#define  CLK_896_STATUS_FLAG_OUTPUT_ON		0x03000000
+#define  CLK_896_STATUS_MASK_SRC		0x00000007
+#define   CLK_896_STATUS_FLAG_SRC_INTERNAL	0x00000000
+#define   CLK_896_STATUS_FLAG_SRC_ADAT_ON_OPT	0x00000001
+#define   CLK_896_STATUS_FLAG_SRC_AESEBU	0x00000002
+#define   CLK_896_STATUS_FLAG_SRC_SPH		0x00000003
+#define   CLK_896_STATUS_FLAG_SRC_WORD		0x00000004
+#define   CLK_896_STATUS_FLAG_SRC_ADAT_ON_DSUB	0x00000005
+#define  CLK_896_STATUS_MASK_RATE		0x00000018
+#define   CLK_896_STATUS_FLAG_RATE_44100	0x00000000
+#define   CLK_896_STATUS_FLAG_RATE_48000	0x00000008
+#define   CLK_896_STATUS_FLAG_RATE_88200	0x00000010
+#define   CLK_896_STATUS_FLAG_RATE_96000	0x00000018
+
+static void parse_clock_rate_828(u32 data, unsigned int *rate)
+{
+	if (data & CLK_828_STATUS_FLAG_RATE_48000)
+		*rate = 48000;
+	else
+		*rate = 44100;
+}
+
+static int get_clock_rate_828(struct snd_motu *motu, unsigned int *rate)
+{
+	__be32 reg;
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_motu_transaction_read(motu, CLK_828_STATUS_OFFSET, &reg, sizeof(reg));
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	parse_clock_rate_828(be32_to_cpu(reg), rate);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int parse_clock_rate_896(u32 data, unsigned int *rate)
+{
+	switch (data & CLK_896_STATUS_MASK_RATE) {
+	case CLK_896_STATUS_FLAG_RATE_44100:
+		*rate = 44100;
+		break;
+	case CLK_896_STATUS_FLAG_RATE_48000:
+		*rate = 48000;
+		break;
+	case CLK_896_STATUS_FLAG_RATE_88200:
+		*rate = 88200;
+		break;
+	case CLK_896_STATUS_FLAG_RATE_96000:
+		*rate = 96000;
+		break;
+	default:
+		return -ENXIO;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int get_clock_rate_896(struct snd_motu *motu, unsigned int *rate)
+{
+	__be32 reg;
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_motu_transaction_read(motu, CLK_896_STATUS_OFFSET, &reg, sizeof(reg));
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	return parse_clock_rate_896(be32_to_cpu(reg), rate);
+}
+
+int snd_motu_protocol_v1_get_clock_rate(struct snd_motu *motu, unsigned int *rate)
+{
+	if (motu->spec == &snd_motu_spec_828)
+		return get_clock_rate_828(motu, rate);
+	else if (motu->spec == &snd_motu_spec_896)
+		return get_clock_rate_896(motu, rate);
+	else
+		return -ENXIO;
+}
+
+static int set_clock_rate_828(struct snd_motu *motu, unsigned int rate)
+{
+	__be32 reg;
+	u32 data;
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_motu_transaction_read(motu, CLK_828_STATUS_OFFSET, &reg, sizeof(reg));
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	data = be32_to_cpu(reg) & CLK_828_STATUS_MASK;
+
+	data &= ~CLK_828_STATUS_FLAG_RATE_48000;
+	if (rate == 48000)
+		data |= CLK_828_STATUS_FLAG_RATE_48000;
+
+	reg = cpu_to_be32(data);
+	return snd_motu_transaction_write(motu, CLK_828_STATUS_OFFSET, &reg, sizeof(reg));
+}
+
+static int set_clock_rate_896(struct snd_motu *motu, unsigned int rate)
+{
+	unsigned int flag;
+	__be32 reg;
+	u32 data;
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_motu_transaction_read(motu, CLK_896_STATUS_OFFSET, &reg, sizeof(reg));
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	data = be32_to_cpu(reg);
+
+	switch (rate) {
+	case 44100:
+		flag = CLK_896_STATUS_FLAG_RATE_44100;
+		break;
+	case 48000:
+		flag = CLK_896_STATUS_FLAG_RATE_48000;
+		break;
+	case 88200:
+		flag = CLK_896_STATUS_FLAG_RATE_88200;
+		break;
+	case 96000:
+		flag = CLK_896_STATUS_FLAG_RATE_96000;
+		break;
+	default:
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	data &= ~CLK_896_STATUS_MASK_RATE;
+	data |= flag;
+
+	reg = cpu_to_be32(data);
+	return snd_motu_transaction_write(motu, CLK_896_STATUS_OFFSET, &reg, sizeof(reg));
+}
+
+int snd_motu_protocol_v1_set_clock_rate(struct snd_motu *motu, unsigned int rate)
+{
+	if (motu->spec == &snd_motu_spec_828)
+		return set_clock_rate_828(motu, rate);
+	else if (motu->spec == &snd_motu_spec_896)
+		return set_clock_rate_896(motu, rate);
+	else
+		return -ENXIO;
+}
+
+static int get_clock_source_828(struct snd_motu *motu, enum snd_motu_clock_source *src)
+{
+	__be32 reg;
+	u32 data;
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_motu_transaction_read(motu, CLK_828_STATUS_OFFSET, &reg, sizeof(reg));
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	data = be32_to_cpu(reg) & CLK_828_STATUS_MASK;
+
+	switch (data & CLK_828_STATUS_MASK_SRC) {
+	case CLK_828_STATUS_FLAG_SRC_ADAT_ON_OPT:
+		*src = SND_MOTU_CLOCK_SOURCE_ADAT_ON_OPT;
+		break;
+	case CLK_828_STATUS_FLAG_SRC_SPH:
+		*src = SND_MOTU_CLOCK_SOURCE_SPH;
+		break;
+	case CLK_828_STATUS_FLAG_SRC_SPDIF:
+	{
+		if (data & CLK_828_STATUS_FLAG_OPT_IN_IFACE_IS_SPDIF)
+			*src = SND_MOTU_CLOCK_SOURCE_SPDIF_ON_COAX;
+		else
+			*src = SND_MOTU_CLOCK_SOURCE_SPDIF_ON_OPT;
+		break;
+	}
+	case CLK_828_STATUS_FLAG_SRC_ADAT_ON_DSUB:
+		*src = SND_MOTU_CLOCK_SOURCE_ADAT_ON_DSUB;
+		break;
+	case CLK_828_STATUS_FLAG_SRC_INTERNAL:
+		*src = SND_MOTU_CLOCK_SOURCE_INTERNAL;
+		break;
+	default:
+		return -ENXIO;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int get_clock_source_896(struct snd_motu *motu, enum snd_motu_clock_source *src)
+{
+	__be32 reg;
+	u32 data;
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_motu_transaction_read(motu, CLK_896_STATUS_OFFSET, &reg, sizeof(reg));
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	data = be32_to_cpu(reg);
+
+	switch (data & CLK_896_STATUS_MASK_SRC) {
+	case CLK_896_STATUS_FLAG_SRC_INTERNAL:
+		*src = SND_MOTU_CLOCK_SOURCE_INTERNAL;
+		break;
+	case CLK_896_STATUS_FLAG_SRC_ADAT_ON_OPT:
+		*src = SND_MOTU_CLOCK_SOURCE_ADAT_ON_OPT;
+		break;
+	case CLK_896_STATUS_FLAG_SRC_AESEBU:
+		*src = SND_MOTU_CLOCK_SOURCE_AESEBU_ON_XLR;
+		break;
+	case CLK_896_STATUS_FLAG_SRC_SPH:
+		*src = SND_MOTU_CLOCK_SOURCE_SPH;
+		break;
+	case CLK_896_STATUS_FLAG_SRC_WORD:
+		*src = SND_MOTU_CLOCK_SOURCE_WORD_ON_BNC;
+		break;
+	case CLK_896_STATUS_FLAG_SRC_ADAT_ON_DSUB:
+		*src = SND_MOTU_CLOCK_SOURCE_ADAT_ON_DSUB;
+		break;
+	default:
+		return -ENXIO;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int snd_motu_protocol_v1_get_clock_source(struct snd_motu *motu, enum snd_motu_clock_source *src)
+{
+	if (motu->spec == &snd_motu_spec_828)
+		return get_clock_source_828(motu, src);
+	else if (motu->spec == &snd_motu_spec_896)
+		return get_clock_source_896(motu, src);
+	else
+		return -ENXIO;
+}
+
+static int switch_fetching_mode_828(struct snd_motu *motu, bool enable)
+{
+	__be32 reg;
+	u32 data;
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_motu_transaction_read(motu, CLK_828_STATUS_OFFSET, &reg, sizeof(reg));
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	data = be32_to_cpu(reg) & CLK_828_STATUS_MASK;
+
+	data &= ~(CLK_828_STATUS_FLAG_FETCH_PCM_FRAMES | CLK_828_STATUS_FLAG_ENABLE_OUTPUT);
+	if (enable) {
+		// This transaction should be initiated after the device receives batch of packets
+		// since the device voluntarily mutes outputs. As a workaround, yield processor over
+		// 100 msec.
+		msleep(100);
+		data |= CLK_828_STATUS_FLAG_FETCH_PCM_FRAMES | CLK_828_STATUS_FLAG_ENABLE_OUTPUT;
+	}
+
+	reg = cpu_to_be32(data);
+	return snd_motu_transaction_write(motu, CLK_828_STATUS_OFFSET, &reg, sizeof(reg));
+}
+
+static int switch_fetching_mode_896(struct snd_motu *motu, bool enable)
+{
+	__be32 reg;
+	u32 data;
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_motu_transaction_read(motu, CLK_896_STATUS_OFFSET, &reg, sizeof(reg));
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	data = be32_to_cpu(reg);
+
+	data &= ~CLK_896_STATUS_FLAG_FETCH_ENABLE;
+	if (enable)
+		data |= CLK_896_STATUS_FLAG_FETCH_ENABLE | CLK_896_STATUS_FLAG_OUTPUT_ON;
+
+	reg = cpu_to_be32(data);
+	return snd_motu_transaction_write(motu, CLK_896_STATUS_OFFSET, &reg, sizeof(reg));
+}
+
+int snd_motu_protocol_v1_switch_fetching_mode(struct snd_motu *motu, bool enable)
+{
+	if (motu->spec == &snd_motu_spec_828)
+		return switch_fetching_mode_828(motu, enable);
+	else if (motu->spec == &snd_motu_spec_896)
+		return switch_fetching_mode_896(motu, enable);
+	else
+		return -ENXIO;
+}
+
+static int detect_packet_formats_828(struct snd_motu *motu)
+{
+	__be32 reg;
+	u32 data;
+	int err;
+
+	motu->tx_packet_formats.pcm_byte_offset = 4;
+	motu->tx_packet_formats.msg_chunks = 2;
+
+	motu->rx_packet_formats.pcm_byte_offset = 4;
+	motu->rx_packet_formats.msg_chunks = 0;
+
+	err = snd_motu_transaction_read(motu, CLK_828_STATUS_OFFSET, &reg, sizeof(reg));
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	data = be32_to_cpu(reg) & CLK_828_STATUS_MASK;
+
+	// The number of chunks is just reduced when SPDIF is activated.
+	if (!(data & CLK_828_STATUS_FLAG_OPT_IN_IFACE_IS_SPDIF))
+		motu->tx_packet_formats.pcm_chunks[0] += 8;
+
+	if (!(data & CLK_828_STATUS_FLAG_OPT_OUT_IFACE_IS_SPDIF))
+		motu->rx_packet_formats.pcm_chunks[0] += 8;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int detect_packet_formats_896(struct snd_motu *motu)
+{
+	// 24bit PCM frames follow to source packet header without message chunk.
+	motu->tx_packet_formats.pcm_byte_offset = 4;
+	motu->rx_packet_formats.pcm_byte_offset = 4;
+
+	// No message chunk in data block.
+	motu->tx_packet_formats.msg_chunks = 0;
+	motu->rx_packet_formats.msg_chunks = 0;
+
+	// Always enable optical interface for ADAT signal since the device have no registers
+	// to refer to current configuration.
+	motu->tx_packet_formats.pcm_chunks[0] += 8;
+	motu->tx_packet_formats.pcm_chunks[1] += 8;
+
+	motu->rx_packet_formats.pcm_chunks[0] += 8;
+	motu->rx_packet_formats.pcm_chunks[1] += 8;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int snd_motu_protocol_v1_cache_packet_formats(struct snd_motu *motu)
+{
+	memcpy(motu->tx_packet_formats.pcm_chunks, motu->spec->tx_fixed_pcm_chunks,
+	       sizeof(motu->tx_packet_formats.pcm_chunks));
+	memcpy(motu->rx_packet_formats.pcm_chunks, motu->spec->rx_fixed_pcm_chunks,
+	       sizeof(motu->rx_packet_formats.pcm_chunks));
+
+	if (motu->spec == &snd_motu_spec_828)
+		return detect_packet_formats_828(motu);
+	else if (motu->spec == &snd_motu_spec_896)
+		return detect_packet_formats_896(motu);
+	else
+		return 0;
+}
+
+const struct snd_motu_spec snd_motu_spec_828 = {
+	.name = "828",
+	.protocol_version = SND_MOTU_PROTOCOL_V1,
+	.tx_fixed_pcm_chunks = {10, 0, 0},
+	.rx_fixed_pcm_chunks = {10, 0, 0},
+};
+
+const struct snd_motu_spec snd_motu_spec_896 = {
+	.name = "896",
+	.tx_fixed_pcm_chunks = {10, 10, 0},
+	.rx_fixed_pcm_chunks = {10, 10, 0},
+};
diff --git a/sound/firewire/motu/motu-protocol-v2.c b/sound/firewire/motu/motu-protocol-v2.c
index e59e69ab1538..93d5df1ae550 100644
--- a/sound/firewire/motu/motu-protocol-v2.c
+++ b/sound/firewire/motu/motu-protocol-v2.c
@@ -12,6 +12,13 @@
 #define  V2_CLOCK_RATE_SHIFT			3
 #define  V2_CLOCK_SRC_MASK			0x00000007
 #define  V2_CLOCK_SRC_SHIFT			0
+#define   V2_CLOCK_SRC_AESEBU_ON_XLR		0x07
+#define   V2_CLOCK_SRC_ADAT_ON_DSUB		0x05
+#define   V2_CLOCK_SRC_WORD_ON_BNC		0x04
+#define   V2_CLOCK_SRC_SPH			0x03
+#define   V2_CLOCK_SRC_SPDIF			0x02	// on either coaxial or optical
+#define   V2_CLOCK_SRC_ADAT_ON_OPT		0x01
+#define   V2_CLOCK_SRC_INTERNAL			0x00
 #define  V2_CLOCK_FETCH_ENABLE			0x02000000
 #define  V2_CLOCK_MODEL_SPECIFIC		0x04000000
 
@@ -78,64 +85,51 @@ int snd_motu_protocol_v2_set_clock_rate(struct snd_motu *motu,
 					  sizeof(reg));
 }
 
-static int detect_clock_source_optical_model(struct snd_motu *motu, u32 data,
-					     enum snd_motu_clock_source *src)
+static int get_clock_source(struct snd_motu *motu, u32 data,
+			    enum snd_motu_clock_source *src)
 {
-	switch (data) {
-	case 0:
+	switch (data & V2_CLOCK_SRC_MASK) {
+	case V2_CLOCK_SRC_INTERNAL:
 		*src = SND_MOTU_CLOCK_SOURCE_INTERNAL;
 		break;
-	case 1:
+	case V2_CLOCK_SRC_ADAT_ON_OPT:
+		*src = SND_MOTU_CLOCK_SOURCE_ADAT_ON_OPT;
+		break;
+	case V2_CLOCK_SRC_SPDIF:
 	{
-		__be32 reg;
-
-		// To check the configuration of optical interface.
-		int err = snd_motu_transaction_read(motu, V2_IN_OUT_CONF_OFFSET,
-						    &reg, sizeof(reg));
-		if (err < 0)
-			return err;
-
-		if (be32_to_cpu(reg) & 0x00000200)
-			*src = SND_MOTU_CLOCK_SOURCE_SPDIF_ON_OPT;
-		else
-			*src = SND_MOTU_CLOCK_SOURCE_ADAT_ON_OPT;
+		bool support_iec60958_on_opt = (motu->spec == &snd_motu_spec_828mk2 ||
+						motu->spec == &snd_motu_spec_traveler);
+
+		if (!support_iec60958_on_opt) {
+			*src = SND_MOTU_CLOCK_SOURCE_SPDIF_ON_COAX;
+		} else {
+			__be32 reg;
+
+			// To check the configuration of optical interface.
+			int err = snd_motu_transaction_read(motu, V2_IN_OUT_CONF_OFFSET, &reg,
+							    sizeof(reg));
+			if (err < 0)
+				return err;
+
+			if (((data & V2_OPT_IN_IFACE_MASK) >> V2_OPT_IN_IFACE_SHIFT) ==
+			    V2_OPT_IFACE_MODE_SPDIF)
+				*src = SND_MOTU_CLOCK_SOURCE_SPDIF_ON_OPT;
+			else
+				*src = SND_MOTU_CLOCK_SOURCE_SPDIF_ON_COAX;
+		}
 		break;
 	}
-	case 2:
-		*src = SND_MOTU_CLOCK_SOURCE_SPDIF_ON_COAX;
-		break;
-	case 3:
+	case V2_CLOCK_SRC_SPH:
 		*src = SND_MOTU_CLOCK_SOURCE_SPH;
 		break;
-	case 4:
+	case V2_CLOCK_SRC_WORD_ON_BNC:
 		*src = SND_MOTU_CLOCK_SOURCE_WORD_ON_BNC;
 		break;
-	case 5:
+	case V2_CLOCK_SRC_ADAT_ON_DSUB:
 		*src = SND_MOTU_CLOCK_SOURCE_ADAT_ON_DSUB;
 		break;
-	default:
-		*src = SND_MOTU_CLOCK_SOURCE_UNKNOWN;
-		break;
-	}
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int v2_detect_clock_source(struct snd_motu *motu, u32 data,
-				  enum snd_motu_clock_source *src)
-{
-	switch (data) {
-	case 0:
-		*src = SND_MOTU_CLOCK_SOURCE_INTERNAL;
-		break;
-	case 2:
-		*src = SND_MOTU_CLOCK_SOURCE_SPDIF_ON_COAX;
-		break;
-	case 3:
-		*src = SND_MOTU_CLOCK_SOURCE_SPH;
-		break;
-	case 4:
-		*src = SND_MOTU_CLOCK_SOURCE_WORD_ON_BNC;
+	case V2_CLOCK_SRC_AESEBU_ON_XLR:
+		*src = SND_MOTU_CLOCK_SOURCE_AESEBU_ON_XLR;
 		break;
 	default:
 		*src = SND_MOTU_CLOCK_SOURCE_UNKNOWN;
@@ -145,17 +139,6 @@ static int v2_detect_clock_source(struct snd_motu *motu, u32 data,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int get_clock_source(struct snd_motu *motu, u32 data,
-			    enum snd_motu_clock_source *src)
-{
-	data &= V2_CLOCK_SRC_MASK;
-	if (motu->spec == &snd_motu_spec_828mk2 ||
-	    motu->spec == &snd_motu_spec_traveler)
-		return detect_clock_source_optical_model(motu, data, src);
-	else
-		return v2_detect_clock_source(motu, data, src);
-}
-
 int snd_motu_protocol_v2_get_clock_source(struct snd_motu *motu,
 					  enum snd_motu_clock_source *src)
 {
@@ -235,59 +218,9 @@ int snd_motu_protocol_v2_switch_fetching_mode(struct snd_motu *motu,
 	}
 }
 
-static int detect_packet_formats_828mk2(struct snd_motu *motu, u32 data)
-{
-	if (((data & V2_OPT_IN_IFACE_MASK) >> V2_OPT_IN_IFACE_SHIFT) ==
-	    V2_OPT_IFACE_MODE_ADAT) {
-		motu->tx_packet_formats.pcm_chunks[0] += 8;
-		motu->tx_packet_formats.pcm_chunks[1] += 4;
-	}
-
-	if (((data & V2_OPT_OUT_IFACE_MASK) >> V2_OPT_OUT_IFACE_SHIFT) ==
-	    V2_OPT_IFACE_MODE_ADAT) {
-		motu->rx_packet_formats.pcm_chunks[0] += 8;
-		motu->rx_packet_formats.pcm_chunks[1] += 4;
-	}
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int detect_packet_formats_traveler(struct snd_motu *motu, u32 data)
-{
-	if (((data & V2_OPT_IN_IFACE_MASK) >> V2_OPT_IN_IFACE_SHIFT) ==
-	    V2_OPT_IFACE_MODE_ADAT) {
-		motu->tx_packet_formats.pcm_chunks[0] += 8;
-		motu->tx_packet_formats.pcm_chunks[1] += 4;
-	}
-
-	if (((data & V2_OPT_OUT_IFACE_MASK) >> V2_OPT_OUT_IFACE_SHIFT) ==
-	    V2_OPT_IFACE_MODE_ADAT) {
-		motu->rx_packet_formats.pcm_chunks[0] += 8;
-		motu->rx_packet_formats.pcm_chunks[1] += 4;
-	}
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int detect_packet_formats_8pre(struct snd_motu *motu, u32 data)
-{
-	if (((data & V2_OPT_IN_IFACE_MASK) >> V2_OPT_IN_IFACE_SHIFT) ==
-	    V2_OPT_IFACE_MODE_ADAT) {
-		motu->tx_packet_formats.pcm_chunks[0] += 8;
-		motu->tx_packet_formats.pcm_chunks[1] += 8;
-	}
-
-	if (((data & V2_OPT_OUT_IFACE_MASK) >> V2_OPT_OUT_IFACE_SHIFT) ==
-	    V2_OPT_IFACE_MODE_ADAT) {
-		motu->rx_packet_formats.pcm_chunks[0] += 8;
-		motu->rx_packet_formats.pcm_chunks[1] += 8;
-	}
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
 int snd_motu_protocol_v2_cache_packet_formats(struct snd_motu *motu)
 {
+	bool has_two_opt_ifaces = (motu->spec == &snd_motu_spec_8pre);
 	__be32 reg;
 	u32 data;
 	int err;
@@ -311,14 +244,25 @@ int snd_motu_protocol_v2_cache_packet_formats(struct snd_motu *motu)
 	       motu->spec->rx_fixed_pcm_chunks,
 	       sizeof(motu->rx_packet_formats.pcm_chunks));
 
-	if (motu->spec == &snd_motu_spec_828mk2)
-		return detect_packet_formats_828mk2(motu, data);
-	else if (motu->spec == &snd_motu_spec_traveler)
-		return detect_packet_formats_traveler(motu, data);
-	else if (motu->spec == &snd_motu_spec_8pre)
-		return detect_packet_formats_8pre(motu, data);
-	else
-		return 0;
+	if (((data & V2_OPT_IN_IFACE_MASK) >> V2_OPT_IN_IFACE_SHIFT) == V2_OPT_IFACE_MODE_ADAT) {
+		motu->tx_packet_formats.pcm_chunks[0] += 8;
+
+		if (!has_two_opt_ifaces)
+			motu->tx_packet_formats.pcm_chunks[1] += 4;
+		else
+			motu->tx_packet_formats.pcm_chunks[1] += 8;
+	}
+
+	if (((data & V2_OPT_OUT_IFACE_MASK) >> V2_OPT_OUT_IFACE_SHIFT) == V2_OPT_IFACE_MODE_ADAT) {
+		motu->rx_packet_formats.pcm_chunks[0] += 8;
+
+		if (!has_two_opt_ifaces)
+			motu->rx_packet_formats.pcm_chunks[1] += 4;
+		else
+			motu->rx_packet_formats.pcm_chunks[1] += 8;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
 }
 
 const struct snd_motu_spec snd_motu_spec_828mk2 = {
@@ -353,6 +297,7 @@ const struct snd_motu_spec snd_motu_spec_8pre = {
 	.protocol_version = SND_MOTU_PROTOCOL_V2,
 	.flags = SND_MOTU_SPEC_RX_MIDI_2ND_Q |
 		 SND_MOTU_SPEC_TX_MIDI_2ND_Q,
-	.tx_fixed_pcm_chunks = {10, 6, 0},
-	.rx_fixed_pcm_chunks = {10, 6, 0},
+	// Two dummy chunks always in the end of data block.
+	.tx_fixed_pcm_chunks = {10, 10, 0},
+	.rx_fixed_pcm_chunks = {6, 6, 0},
 };
diff --git a/sound/firewire/motu/motu-protocol-v3.c b/sound/firewire/motu/motu-protocol-v3.c
index 4e6b0e449ee4..56e4504e7ec9 100644
--- a/sound/firewire/motu/motu-protocol-v3.c
+++ b/sound/firewire/motu/motu-protocol-v3.c
@@ -13,6 +13,12 @@
 #define  V3_CLOCK_RATE_MASK		0x0000ff00
 #define  V3_CLOCK_RATE_SHIFT		8
 #define  V3_CLOCK_SOURCE_MASK		0x000000ff
+#define   V3_CLOCK_SRC_INTERNAL		0x00
+#define   V3_CLOCK_SRC_WORD_ON_BNC	0x01
+#define   V3_CLOCK_SRC_SPH		0x02
+#define   V3_CLOCK_SRC_SPDIF_ON_COAX	0x10
+#define   V3_CLOCK_SRC_OPT_IFACE_A	0x18
+#define   V3_CLOCK_SRC_OPT_IFACE_B	0x19
 
 #define V3_OPT_IFACE_MODE_OFFSET	0x0c94
 #define  V3_ENABLE_OPT_IN_IFACE_A	0x00000001
@@ -97,28 +103,37 @@ int snd_motu_protocol_v3_set_clock_rate(struct snd_motu *motu,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int detect_clock_source_828mk3(struct snd_motu *motu, u32 data,
-				      enum snd_motu_clock_source *src)
+int snd_motu_protocol_v3_get_clock_source(struct snd_motu *motu,
+					  enum snd_motu_clock_source *src)
 {
+	__be32 reg;
+	u32 data;
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_motu_transaction_read(motu, V3_CLOCK_STATUS_OFFSET, &reg,
+					sizeof(reg));
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	data = be32_to_cpu(reg) & V3_CLOCK_SOURCE_MASK;
+
 	switch (data) {
-	case 0x00:
+	case V3_CLOCK_SRC_INTERNAL:
 		*src = SND_MOTU_CLOCK_SOURCE_INTERNAL;
 		break;
-	case 0x01:
+	case V3_CLOCK_SRC_WORD_ON_BNC:
 		*src = SND_MOTU_CLOCK_SOURCE_WORD_ON_BNC;
 		break;
-	case 0x02:
+	case V3_CLOCK_SRC_SPH:
 		*src = SND_MOTU_CLOCK_SOURCE_SPH;
 		break;
-	case 0x10:
+	case V3_CLOCK_SRC_SPDIF_ON_COAX:
 		*src = SND_MOTU_CLOCK_SOURCE_SPDIF_ON_COAX;
 		break;
-	case 0x18:
-	case 0x19:
+	case V3_CLOCK_SRC_OPT_IFACE_A:
+	case V3_CLOCK_SRC_OPT_IFACE_B:
 	{
 		__be32 reg;
 		u32 options;
-		int err;
 
 		err = snd_motu_transaction_read(motu,
 				V3_OPT_IFACE_MODE_OFFSET, &reg, sizeof(reg));
@@ -126,7 +141,7 @@ static int detect_clock_source_828mk3(struct snd_motu *motu, u32 data,
 			return err;
 		options = be32_to_cpu(reg);
 
-		if (data == 0x18) {
+		if (data == V3_CLOCK_SRC_OPT_IFACE_A) {
 			if (options & V3_NO_ADAT_OPT_IN_IFACE_A)
 				*src = SND_MOTU_CLOCK_SOURCE_SPDIF_ON_OPT_A;
 			else
@@ -137,7 +152,6 @@ static int detect_clock_source_828mk3(struct snd_motu *motu, u32 data,
 			else
 				*src = SND_MOTU_CLOCK_SOURCE_ADAT_ON_OPT_B;
 		}
-
 		break;
 	}
 	default:
@@ -148,49 +162,6 @@ static int detect_clock_source_828mk3(struct snd_motu *motu, u32 data,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int v3_detect_clock_source(struct snd_motu *motu, u32 data,
-				  enum snd_motu_clock_source *src)
-{
-	switch (data) {
-	case 0x00:
-		*src = SND_MOTU_CLOCK_SOURCE_INTERNAL;
-		break;
-	case 0x01:
-		*src = SND_MOTU_CLOCK_SOURCE_WORD_ON_BNC;
-		break;
-	case 0x02:
-		*src = SND_MOTU_CLOCK_SOURCE_SPH;
-		break;
-	case 0x10:
-		*src = SND_MOTU_CLOCK_SOURCE_SPDIF_ON_COAX;
-		break;
-	default:
-		*src = SND_MOTU_CLOCK_SOURCE_UNKNOWN;
-		break;
-	}
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-int snd_motu_protocol_v3_get_clock_source(struct snd_motu *motu,
-					  enum snd_motu_clock_source *src)
-{
-	__be32 reg;
-	u32 data;
-	int err;
-
-	err = snd_motu_transaction_read(motu, V3_CLOCK_STATUS_OFFSET, &reg,
-					sizeof(reg));
-	if (err < 0)
-		return err;
-	data = be32_to_cpu(reg) & V3_CLOCK_SOURCE_MASK;
-
-	if (motu->spec == &snd_motu_spec_828mk3)
-		return detect_clock_source_828mk3(motu, data, src);
-	else
-		return v3_detect_clock_source(motu, data, src);
-}
-
 int snd_motu_protocol_v3_switch_fetching_mode(struct snd_motu *motu,
 					      bool enable)
 {
@@ -284,14 +255,14 @@ int snd_motu_protocol_v3_cache_packet_formats(struct snd_motu *motu)
 	       motu->spec->rx_fixed_pcm_chunks,
 	       sizeof(motu->rx_packet_formats.pcm_chunks));
 
-	if (motu->spec == &snd_motu_spec_828mk3)
+	if (motu->spec == &snd_motu_spec_828mk3_fw || motu->spec == &snd_motu_spec_828mk3_hybrid)
 		return detect_packet_formats_828mk3(motu, data);
 	else
 		return 0;
 }
 
 
-const struct snd_motu_spec snd_motu_spec_828mk3 = {
+const struct snd_motu_spec snd_motu_spec_828mk3_fw = {
 	.name = "828mk3",
 	.protocol_version = SND_MOTU_PROTOCOL_V3,
 	.flags = SND_MOTU_SPEC_RX_MIDI_3RD_Q |
@@ -300,6 +271,15 @@ const struct snd_motu_spec snd_motu_spec_828mk3 = {
 	.rx_fixed_pcm_chunks = {14, 14, 10},
 };
 
+const struct snd_motu_spec snd_motu_spec_828mk3_hybrid = {
+	.name = "828mk3",
+	.protocol_version = SND_MOTU_PROTOCOL_V3,
+	.flags = SND_MOTU_SPEC_RX_MIDI_3RD_Q |
+		 SND_MOTU_SPEC_TX_MIDI_3RD_Q,
+	.tx_fixed_pcm_chunks = {18, 18, 14},
+	.rx_fixed_pcm_chunks = {14, 14, 14},	// Additional 4 dummy chunks at higher rate.
+};
+
 const struct snd_motu_spec snd_motu_spec_ultralite_mk3 = {
 	.name = "UltraLiteMk3",
 	.protocol_version = SND_MOTU_PROTOCOL_V3,
diff --git a/sound/firewire/motu/motu-stream.c b/sound/firewire/motu/motu-stream.c
index 2028c5419f6f..9e6ca39ebd7f 100644
--- a/sound/firewire/motu/motu-stream.c
+++ b/sound/firewire/motu/motu-stream.c
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 
 #include "motu.h"
 
-#define	CALLBACK_TIMEOUT	200
+#define	READY_TIMEOUT_MS	200
 
 #define ISOC_COMM_CONTROL_OFFSET		0x0b00
 #define  ISOC_COMM_CONTROL_MASK			0xffff0000
@@ -153,6 +153,9 @@ int snd_motu_stream_reserve_duplex(struct snd_motu *motu, unsigned int rate,
 		fw_iso_resources_free(&motu->tx_resources);
 		fw_iso_resources_free(&motu->rx_resources);
 
+		kfree(motu->cache.event_offsets);
+		motu->cache.event_offsets = NULL;
+
 		err = snd_motu_protocol_set_clock_rate(motu, rate);
 		if (err < 0) {
 			dev_err(&motu->unit->device,
@@ -181,6 +184,15 @@ int snd_motu_stream_reserve_duplex(struct snd_motu *motu, unsigned int rate,
 			fw_iso_resources_free(&motu->rx_resources);
 			return err;
 		}
+
+		motu->cache.size = motu->tx_stream.syt_interval * frames_per_buffer;
+		motu->cache.event_offsets = kcalloc(motu->cache.size, sizeof(*motu->cache.event_offsets),
+						  GFP_KERNEL);
+		if (!motu->cache.event_offsets) {
+			fw_iso_resources_free(&motu->tx_resources);
+			fw_iso_resources_free(&motu->rx_resources);
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		}
 	}
 
 	return 0;
@@ -260,14 +272,19 @@ int snd_motu_stream_start_duplex(struct snd_motu *motu)
 		if (err < 0)
 			goto stop_streams;
 
-		err = amdtp_domain_start(&motu->domain, 0);
+		motu->cache.tail = 0;
+		motu->cache.tx_cycle_count = UINT_MAX;
+		motu->cache.head = 0;
+		motu->cache.rx_cycle_count = UINT_MAX;
+
+		// NOTE: The device requires both of replay; the sequence of the number of data
+		// blocks per packet, and the sequence of source packet header per data block as
+		// presentation time.
+		err = amdtp_domain_start(&motu->domain, 0, true, false);
 		if (err < 0)
 			goto stop_streams;
 
-		if (!amdtp_stream_wait_callback(&motu->tx_stream,
-						CALLBACK_TIMEOUT) ||
-		    !amdtp_stream_wait_callback(&motu->rx_stream,
-						CALLBACK_TIMEOUT)) {
+		if (!amdtp_domain_wait_ready(&motu->domain, READY_TIMEOUT_MS)) {
 			err = -ETIMEDOUT;
 			goto stop_streams;
 		}
@@ -296,6 +313,9 @@ void snd_motu_stream_stop_duplex(struct snd_motu *motu)
 
 		fw_iso_resources_free(&motu->tx_resources);
 		fw_iso_resources_free(&motu->rx_resources);
+
+		kfree(motu->cache.event_offsets);
+		motu->cache.event_offsets = NULL;
 	}
 }
 
@@ -317,7 +337,7 @@ static int init_stream(struct snd_motu *motu, struct amdtp_stream *s)
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
-	err = amdtp_motu_init(s, motu->unit, dir, motu->spec);
+	err = amdtp_motu_init(s, motu->unit, dir, motu->spec, &motu->cache);
 	if (err < 0)
 		fw_iso_resources_destroy(resources);
 
diff --git a/sound/firewire/motu/motu.c b/sound/firewire/motu/motu.c
index a4929c1302dc..543136578c70 100644
--- a/sound/firewire/motu/motu.c
+++ b/sound/firewire/motu/motu.c
@@ -57,22 +57,31 @@ static void motu_card_free(struct snd_card *card)
 
 	snd_motu_transaction_unregister(motu);
 	snd_motu_stream_destroy_duplex(motu);
+
+	mutex_destroy(&motu->mutex);
+	fw_unit_put(motu->unit);
 }
 
-static void do_registration(struct work_struct *work)
+static int motu_probe(struct fw_unit *unit, const struct ieee1394_device_id *entry)
 {
-	struct snd_motu *motu = container_of(work, struct snd_motu, dwork.work);
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct snd_motu *motu;
 	int err;
 
-	if (motu->registered)
-		return;
-
-	err = snd_card_new(&motu->unit->device, -1, NULL, THIS_MODULE, 0,
-			   &motu->card);
+	err = snd_card_new(&unit->device, -1, NULL, THIS_MODULE, sizeof(*motu), &card);
 	if (err < 0)
-		return;
-	motu->card->private_free = motu_card_free;
-	motu->card->private_data = motu;
+		return err;
+	card->private_free = motu_card_free;
+
+	motu = card->private_data;
+	motu->unit = fw_unit_get(unit);
+	dev_set_drvdata(&unit->device, motu);
+	motu->card = card;
+
+	motu->spec = (const struct snd_motu_spec *)entry->driver_data;
+	mutex_init(&motu->mutex);
+	spin_lock_init(&motu->lock);
+	init_waitqueue_head(&motu->hwdep_wait);
 
 	name_card(motu);
 
@@ -103,71 +112,28 @@ static void do_registration(struct work_struct *work)
 	if (err < 0)
 		goto error;
 
-	err = snd_card_register(motu->card);
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
 	if (err < 0)
 		goto error;
 
-	motu->registered = true;
-
-	return;
-error:
-	snd_card_free(motu->card);
-	dev_info(&motu->unit->device,
-		 "Sound card registration failed: %d\n", err);
-}
-
-static int motu_probe(struct fw_unit *unit,
-		      const struct ieee1394_device_id *entry)
-{
-	struct snd_motu *motu;
-
-	/* Allocate this independently of sound card instance. */
-	motu = devm_kzalloc(&unit->device, sizeof(struct snd_motu), GFP_KERNEL);
-	if (!motu)
-		return -ENOMEM;
-	motu->unit = fw_unit_get(unit);
-	dev_set_drvdata(&unit->device, motu);
-
-	motu->spec = (const struct snd_motu_spec *)entry->driver_data;
-	mutex_init(&motu->mutex);
-	spin_lock_init(&motu->lock);
-	init_waitqueue_head(&motu->hwdep_wait);
-
-	/* Allocate and register this sound card later. */
-	INIT_DEFERRABLE_WORK(&motu->dwork, do_registration);
-	snd_fw_schedule_registration(unit, &motu->dwork);
-
 	return 0;
+error:
+	snd_card_free(card);
+	return err;
 }
 
 static void motu_remove(struct fw_unit *unit)
 {
 	struct snd_motu *motu = dev_get_drvdata(&unit->device);
 
-	/*
-	 * Confirm to stop the work for registration before the sound card is
-	 * going to be released. The work is not scheduled again because bus
-	 * reset handler is not called anymore.
-	 */
-	cancel_delayed_work_sync(&motu->dwork);
-
-	if (motu->registered) {
-		// Block till all of ALSA character devices are released.
-		snd_card_free(motu->card);
-	}
-
-	mutex_destroy(&motu->mutex);
-	fw_unit_put(motu->unit);
+	// Block till all of ALSA character devices are released.
+	snd_card_free(motu->card);
 }
 
 static void motu_bus_update(struct fw_unit *unit)
 {
 	struct snd_motu *motu = dev_get_drvdata(&unit->device);
 
-	/* Postpone a workqueue for deferred registration. */
-	if (!motu->registered)
-		snd_fw_schedule_registration(unit, &motu->dwork);
-
 	/* The handler address register becomes initialized. */
 	snd_motu_transaction_reregister(motu);
 }
@@ -184,13 +150,16 @@ static void motu_bus_update(struct fw_unit *unit)
 }
 
 static const struct ieee1394_device_id motu_id_table[] = {
+	SND_MOTU_DEV_ENTRY(0x000001, &snd_motu_spec_828),
+	SND_MOTU_DEV_ENTRY(0x000002, &snd_motu_spec_896),
 	SND_MOTU_DEV_ENTRY(0x000003, &snd_motu_spec_828mk2),
 	SND_MOTU_DEV_ENTRY(0x000009, &snd_motu_spec_traveler),
 	SND_MOTU_DEV_ENTRY(0x00000d, &snd_motu_spec_ultralite),
 	SND_MOTU_DEV_ENTRY(0x00000f, &snd_motu_spec_8pre),
-	SND_MOTU_DEV_ENTRY(0x000015, &snd_motu_spec_828mk3), // FireWire only.
+	SND_MOTU_DEV_ENTRY(0x000015, &snd_motu_spec_828mk3_fw), // FireWire only.
 	SND_MOTU_DEV_ENTRY(0x000019, &snd_motu_spec_ultralite_mk3), // FireWire only.
-	SND_MOTU_DEV_ENTRY(0x000035, &snd_motu_spec_828mk3), // Hybrid.
+	SND_MOTU_DEV_ENTRY(0x000030, &snd_motu_spec_ultralite_mk3), // Hybrid.
+	SND_MOTU_DEV_ENTRY(0x000035, &snd_motu_spec_828mk3_hybrid), // Hybrid.
 	SND_MOTU_DEV_ENTRY(0x000033, &snd_motu_spec_audio_express),
 	SND_MOTU_DEV_ENTRY(0x000045, &snd_motu_spec_4pre),
 	{ }
diff --git a/sound/firewire/motu/motu.h b/sound/firewire/motu/motu.h
index 3d0236ee6716..73f36d1be515 100644
--- a/sound/firewire/motu/motu.h
+++ b/sound/firewire/motu/motu.h
@@ -39,15 +39,21 @@ struct snd_motu_packet_format {
 	unsigned char pcm_chunks[3];
 };
 
+struct amdtp_motu_cache {
+	unsigned int *event_offsets;
+	unsigned int size;
+	unsigned int tail;
+	unsigned int tx_cycle_count;
+	unsigned int head;
+	unsigned int rx_cycle_count;
+};
+
 struct snd_motu {
 	struct snd_card *card;
 	struct fw_unit *unit;
 	struct mutex mutex;
 	spinlock_t lock;
 
-	bool registered;
-	struct delayed_work dwork;
-
 	/* Model dependent information. */
 	const struct snd_motu_spec *spec;
 
@@ -70,6 +76,8 @@ struct snd_motu {
 	wait_queue_head_t hwdep_wait;
 
 	struct amdtp_domain domain;
+
+	struct amdtp_motu_cache cache;
 };
 
 enum snd_motu_spec_flags {
@@ -99,6 +107,7 @@ enum snd_motu_clock_source {
 };
 
 enum snd_motu_protocol_version {
+	SND_MOTU_PROTOCOL_V1,
 	SND_MOTU_PROTOCOL_V2,
 	SND_MOTU_PROTOCOL_V3,
 };
@@ -106,25 +115,31 @@ enum snd_motu_protocol_version {
 struct snd_motu_spec {
 	const char *const name;
 	enum snd_motu_protocol_version protocol_version;
-	enum snd_motu_spec_flags flags;
+	// The combination of snd_motu_spec_flags enumeration-constants.
+	unsigned int flags;
 
 	unsigned char tx_fixed_pcm_chunks[3];
 	unsigned char rx_fixed_pcm_chunks[3];
 };
 
+extern const struct snd_motu_spec snd_motu_spec_828;
+extern const struct snd_motu_spec snd_motu_spec_896;
+
 extern const struct snd_motu_spec snd_motu_spec_828mk2;
 extern const struct snd_motu_spec snd_motu_spec_traveler;
 extern const struct snd_motu_spec snd_motu_spec_ultralite;
 extern const struct snd_motu_spec snd_motu_spec_8pre;
 
-extern const struct snd_motu_spec snd_motu_spec_828mk3;
+extern const struct snd_motu_spec snd_motu_spec_828mk3_fw;
+extern const struct snd_motu_spec snd_motu_spec_828mk3_hybrid;
 extern const struct snd_motu_spec snd_motu_spec_ultralite_mk3;
 extern const struct snd_motu_spec snd_motu_spec_audio_express;
 extern const struct snd_motu_spec snd_motu_spec_4pre;
 
 int amdtp_motu_init(struct amdtp_stream *s, struct fw_unit *unit,
 		    enum amdtp_stream_direction dir,
-		    const struct snd_motu_spec *spec);
+		    const struct snd_motu_spec *spec,
+		    struct amdtp_motu_cache *cache);
 int amdtp_motu_set_parameters(struct amdtp_stream *s, unsigned int rate,
 			      unsigned int midi_ports,
 			      struct snd_motu_packet_format *formats);
@@ -160,6 +175,16 @@ int snd_motu_create_midi_devices(struct snd_motu *motu);
 
 int snd_motu_create_hwdep_device(struct snd_motu *motu);
 
+int snd_motu_protocol_v1_get_clock_rate(struct snd_motu *motu,
+					unsigned int *rate);
+int snd_motu_protocol_v1_set_clock_rate(struct snd_motu *motu,
+					unsigned int rate);
+int snd_motu_protocol_v1_get_clock_source(struct snd_motu *motu,
+					  enum snd_motu_clock_source *src);
+int snd_motu_protocol_v1_switch_fetching_mode(struct snd_motu *motu,
+					      bool enable);
+int snd_motu_protocol_v1_cache_packet_formats(struct snd_motu *motu);
+
 int snd_motu_protocol_v2_get_clock_rate(struct snd_motu *motu,
 					unsigned int *rate);
 int snd_motu_protocol_v2_set_clock_rate(struct snd_motu *motu,
@@ -187,6 +212,8 @@ static inline int snd_motu_protocol_get_clock_rate(struct snd_motu *motu,
 		return snd_motu_protocol_v2_get_clock_rate(motu, rate);
 	else if (motu->spec->protocol_version == SND_MOTU_PROTOCOL_V3)
 		return snd_motu_protocol_v3_get_clock_rate(motu, rate);
+	else if (motu->spec->protocol_version == SND_MOTU_PROTOCOL_V1)
+		return snd_motu_protocol_v1_get_clock_rate(motu, rate);
 	else
 		return -ENXIO;
 }
@@ -198,6 +225,8 @@ static inline int snd_motu_protocol_set_clock_rate(struct snd_motu *motu,
 		return snd_motu_protocol_v2_set_clock_rate(motu, rate);
 	else if (motu->spec->protocol_version == SND_MOTU_PROTOCOL_V3)
 		return snd_motu_protocol_v3_set_clock_rate(motu, rate);
+	else if (motu->spec->protocol_version == SND_MOTU_PROTOCOL_V1)
+		return snd_motu_protocol_v1_set_clock_rate(motu, rate);
 	else
 		return -ENXIO;
 }
@@ -209,6 +238,8 @@ static inline int snd_motu_protocol_get_clock_source(struct snd_motu *motu,
 		return snd_motu_protocol_v2_get_clock_source(motu, source);
 	else if (motu->spec->protocol_version == SND_MOTU_PROTOCOL_V3)
 		return snd_motu_protocol_v3_get_clock_source(motu, source);
+	else if (motu->spec->protocol_version == SND_MOTU_PROTOCOL_V1)
+		return snd_motu_protocol_v1_get_clock_source(motu, source);
 	else
 		return -ENXIO;
 }
@@ -220,6 +251,8 @@ static inline int snd_motu_protocol_switch_fetching_mode(struct snd_motu *motu,
 		return snd_motu_protocol_v2_switch_fetching_mode(motu, enable);
 	else if (motu->spec->protocol_version == SND_MOTU_PROTOCOL_V3)
 		return snd_motu_protocol_v3_switch_fetching_mode(motu, enable);
+	else if (motu->spec->protocol_version == SND_MOTU_PROTOCOL_V1)
+		return snd_motu_protocol_v1_switch_fetching_mode(motu, enable);
 	else
 		return -ENXIO;
 }
@@ -230,6 +263,8 @@ static inline int snd_motu_protocol_cache_packet_formats(struct snd_motu *motu)
 		return snd_motu_protocol_v2_cache_packet_formats(motu);
 	else if (motu->spec->protocol_version == SND_MOTU_PROTOCOL_V3)
 		return snd_motu_protocol_v3_cache_packet_formats(motu);
+	else if (motu->spec->protocol_version == SND_MOTU_PROTOCOL_V1)
+		return snd_motu_protocol_v1_cache_packet_formats(motu);
 	else
 		return -ENXIO;
 }
diff --git a/sound/firewire/oxfw/oxfw-stream.c b/sound/firewire/oxfw/oxfw-stream.c
index 80c9dc13f1b5..0ef242fdd3bc 100644
--- a/sound/firewire/oxfw/oxfw-stream.c
+++ b/sound/firewire/oxfw/oxfw-stream.c
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 #include <linux/delay.h>
 
 #define AVC_GENERIC_FRAME_MAXIMUM_BYTES	512
-#define CALLBACK_TIMEOUT	200
+#define READY_TIMEOUT_MS	200
 
 /*
  * According to datasheet of Oxford Semiconductor:
@@ -153,12 +153,23 @@ static int init_stream(struct snd_oxfw *oxfw, struct amdtp_stream *stream)
 	struct cmp_connection *conn;
 	enum cmp_direction c_dir;
 	enum amdtp_stream_direction s_dir;
+	unsigned int flags = CIP_UNAWARE_SYT;
 	int err;
 
+	if (!(oxfw->quirks & SND_OXFW_QUIRK_BLOCKING_TRANSMISSION))
+		flags |= CIP_NONBLOCKING;
+	else
+		flags |= CIP_BLOCKING;
+
 	if (stream == &oxfw->tx_stream) {
 		conn = &oxfw->out_conn;
 		c_dir = CMP_OUTPUT;
 		s_dir = AMDTP_IN_STREAM;
+
+		if (oxfw->quirks & SND_OXFW_QUIRK_JUMBO_PAYLOAD)
+			flags |= CIP_JUMBO_PAYLOAD;
+		if (oxfw->quirks & SND_OXFW_QUIRK_WRONG_DBS)
+			flags |= CIP_WRONG_DBS;
 	} else {
 		conn = &oxfw->in_conn;
 		c_dir = CMP_INPUT;
@@ -169,24 +180,12 @@ static int init_stream(struct snd_oxfw *oxfw, struct amdtp_stream *stream)
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
-	err = amdtp_am824_init(stream, oxfw->unit, s_dir, CIP_NONBLOCKING);
+	err = amdtp_am824_init(stream, oxfw->unit, s_dir, flags);
 	if (err < 0) {
 		cmp_connection_destroy(conn);
 		return err;
 	}
 
-	/*
-	 * OXFW starts to transmit packets with non-zero dbc.
-	 * OXFW postpone transferring packets till handling any asynchronous
-	 * packets. As a result, next isochronous packet includes more data
-	 * blocks than IEC 61883-6 defines.
-	 */
-	if (stream == &oxfw->tx_stream) {
-		oxfw->tx_stream.flags |= CIP_JUMBO_PAYLOAD;
-		if (oxfw->wrong_dbs)
-			oxfw->tx_stream.flags |= CIP_WRONG_DBS;
-	}
-
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -338,6 +337,9 @@ int snd_oxfw_stream_start_duplex(struct snd_oxfw *oxfw)
 	}
 
 	if (!amdtp_stream_running(&oxfw->rx_stream)) {
+		unsigned int tx_init_skip_cycles = 0;
+		bool replay_seq = false;
+
 		err = start_stream(oxfw, &oxfw->rx_stream);
 		if (err < 0) {
 			dev_err(&oxfw->unit->device,
@@ -353,26 +355,27 @@ int snd_oxfw_stream_start_duplex(struct snd_oxfw *oxfw)
 					"fail to prepare tx stream: %d\n", err);
 				goto error;
 			}
+
+			if (oxfw->quirks & SND_OXFW_QUIRK_JUMBO_PAYLOAD) {
+				// Just after changing sampling transfer frequency, many cycles are
+				// skipped for packet transmission.
+				tx_init_skip_cycles = 400;
+			} else {
+				replay_seq = true;
+			}
 		}
 
-		err = amdtp_domain_start(&oxfw->domain, 0);
+		// NOTE: The device ignores presentation time expressed by the value of syt field
+		// of CIP header in received packets. The sequence of the number of data blocks per
+		// packet is important for media clock recovery.
+		err = amdtp_domain_start(&oxfw->domain, tx_init_skip_cycles, replay_seq, false);
 		if (err < 0)
 			goto error;
 
-		// Wait first packet.
-		if (!amdtp_stream_wait_callback(&oxfw->rx_stream,
-						CALLBACK_TIMEOUT)) {
+		if (!amdtp_domain_wait_ready(&oxfw->domain, READY_TIMEOUT_MS)) {
 			err = -ETIMEDOUT;
 			goto error;
 		}
-
-		if (oxfw->has_output) {
-			if (!amdtp_stream_wait_callback(&oxfw->tx_stream,
-							CALLBACK_TIMEOUT)) {
-				err = -ETIMEDOUT;
-				goto error;
-			}
-		}
 	}
 
 	return 0;
diff --git a/sound/firewire/oxfw/oxfw.c b/sound/firewire/oxfw/oxfw.c
index 9eea25c46dc7..84971d78d152 100644
--- a/sound/firewire/oxfw/oxfw.c
+++ b/sound/firewire/oxfw/oxfw.c
@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@
 #define OUI_APOGEE		0x0003db
 
 #define MODEL_SATELLITE		0x00200f
+#define MODEL_SCS1M		0x001000
+#define MODEL_DUET_FW		0x01dddd
 
 #define SPECIFIER_1394TA	0x00a02d
 #define VERSION_AVC		0x010001
@@ -46,8 +48,6 @@ static bool detect_loud_models(struct fw_unit *unit)
 		"Onyx-i",
 		"Onyx 1640i",
 		"d.Pro",
-		"Mackie Onyx Satellite",
-		"Tapco LINK.firewire 4x6",
 		"U.420"};
 	char model[32];
 	int err;
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ static bool detect_loud_models(struct fw_unit *unit)
 	return match_string(models, ARRAY_SIZE(models), model) >= 0;
 }
 
-static int name_card(struct snd_oxfw *oxfw)
+static int name_card(struct snd_oxfw *oxfw, const struct ieee1394_device_id *entry)
 {
 	struct fw_device *fw_dev = fw_parent_device(oxfw->unit);
 	const struct compat_info *info;
@@ -88,10 +88,12 @@ static int name_card(struct snd_oxfw *oxfw)
 		goto end;
 	be32_to_cpus(&firmware);
 
+	if (firmware >> 20 == 0x970)
+		oxfw->quirks |= SND_OXFW_QUIRK_JUMBO_PAYLOAD;
+
 	/* to apply card definitions */
-	if (oxfw->entry->vendor_id == VENDOR_GRIFFIN ||
-	    oxfw->entry->vendor_id == VENDOR_LACIE) {
-		info = (const struct compat_info *)oxfw->entry->driver_data;
+	if (entry->vendor_id == VENDOR_GRIFFIN || entry->vendor_id == VENDOR_LACIE) {
+		info = (const struct compat_info *)entry->driver_data;
 		d = info->driver_name;
 		v = info->vendor_name;
 		m = info->model_name;
@@ -120,9 +122,12 @@ static void oxfw_card_free(struct snd_card *card)
 
 	if (oxfw->has_output || oxfw->has_input)
 		snd_oxfw_stream_destroy_duplex(oxfw);
+
+	mutex_destroy(&oxfw->mutex);
+	fw_unit_put(oxfw->unit);
 }
 
-static int detect_quirks(struct snd_oxfw *oxfw)
+static int detect_quirks(struct snd_oxfw *oxfw, const struct ieee1394_device_id *entry)
 {
 	struct fw_device *fw_dev = fw_parent_device(oxfw->unit);
 	struct fw_csr_iterator it;
@@ -133,28 +138,35 @@ static int detect_quirks(struct snd_oxfw *oxfw)
 	 * Add ALSA control elements for two models to keep compatibility to
 	 * old firewire-speaker module.
 	 */
-	if (oxfw->entry->vendor_id == VENDOR_GRIFFIN)
+	if (entry->vendor_id == VENDOR_GRIFFIN)
 		return snd_oxfw_add_spkr(oxfw, false);
-	if (oxfw->entry->vendor_id == VENDOR_LACIE)
+	if (entry->vendor_id == VENDOR_LACIE)
 		return snd_oxfw_add_spkr(oxfw, true);
 
 	/*
 	 * Stanton models supports asynchronous transactions for unique MIDI
 	 * messages.
 	 */
-	if (oxfw->entry->vendor_id == OUI_STANTON) {
-		/* No physical MIDI ports. */
+	if (entry->vendor_id == OUI_STANTON) {
+		oxfw->quirks |= SND_OXFW_QUIRK_SCS_TRANSACTION;
+		if (entry->model_id == MODEL_SCS1M)
+			oxfw->quirks |= SND_OXFW_QUIRK_BLOCKING_TRANSMISSION;
+
+		// No physical MIDI ports.
 		oxfw->midi_input_ports = 0;
 		oxfw->midi_output_ports = 0;
 
 		return snd_oxfw_scs1x_add(oxfw);
 	}
 
+	if (entry->vendor_id == OUI_APOGEE && entry->model_id == MODEL_DUET_FW)
+		oxfw->quirks |= SND_OXFW_QUIRK_BLOCKING_TRANSMISSION;
+
 	/*
 	 * TASCAM FireOne has physical control and requires a pair of additional
 	 * MIDI ports.
 	 */
-	if (oxfw->entry->vendor_id == VENDOR_TASCAM) {
+	if (entry->vendor_id == VENDOR_TASCAM) {
 		oxfw->midi_input_ports++;
 		oxfw->midi_output_ports++;
 		return 0;
@@ -175,27 +187,35 @@ static int detect_quirks(struct snd_oxfw *oxfw)
 	 * value in 'dbs' field of CIP header against its format information.
 	 */
 	if (vendor == VENDOR_LOUD && model == MODEL_SATELLITE)
-		oxfw->wrong_dbs = true;
+		oxfw->quirks |= SND_OXFW_QUIRK_WRONG_DBS;
 
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void do_registration(struct work_struct *work)
+static int oxfw_probe(struct fw_unit *unit, const struct ieee1394_device_id *entry)
 {
-	struct snd_oxfw *oxfw = container_of(work, struct snd_oxfw, dwork.work);
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct snd_oxfw *oxfw;
 	int err;
 
-	if (oxfw->registered)
-		return;
+	if (entry->vendor_id == VENDOR_LOUD && entry->model_id == 0 && !detect_loud_models(unit))
+		return -ENODEV;
 
-	err = snd_card_new(&oxfw->unit->device, -1, NULL, THIS_MODULE, 0,
-			   &oxfw->card);
+	err = snd_card_new(&unit->device, -1, NULL, THIS_MODULE, sizeof(*oxfw), &card);
 	if (err < 0)
-		return;
-	oxfw->card->private_free = oxfw_card_free;
-	oxfw->card->private_data = oxfw;
+		return err;
+	card->private_free = oxfw_card_free;
+
+	oxfw = card->private_data;
+	oxfw->unit = fw_unit_get(unit);
+	dev_set_drvdata(&unit->device, oxfw);
+	oxfw->card = card;
 
-	err = name_card(oxfw);
+	mutex_init(&oxfw->mutex);
+	spin_lock_init(&oxfw->lock);
+	init_waitqueue_head(&oxfw->hwdep_wait);
+
+	err = name_card(oxfw, entry);
 	if (err < 0)
 		goto error;
 
@@ -203,7 +223,7 @@ static void do_registration(struct work_struct *work)
 	if (err < 0)
 		goto error;
 
-	err = detect_quirks(oxfw);
+	err = detect_quirks(oxfw, entry);
 	if (err < 0)
 		goto error;
 
@@ -227,85 +247,38 @@ static void do_registration(struct work_struct *work)
 			goto error;
 	}
 
-	err = snd_card_register(oxfw->card);
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
 	if (err < 0)
 		goto error;
 
-	oxfw->registered = true;
-
-	return;
-error:
-	snd_card_free(oxfw->card);
-	dev_info(&oxfw->unit->device,
-		 "Sound card registration failed: %d\n", err);
-}
-
-static int oxfw_probe(struct fw_unit *unit,
-		      const struct ieee1394_device_id *entry)
-{
-	struct snd_oxfw *oxfw;
-
-	if (entry->vendor_id == VENDOR_LOUD && !detect_loud_models(unit))
-		return -ENODEV;
-
-	/* Allocate this independent of sound card instance. */
-	oxfw = devm_kzalloc(&unit->device, sizeof(struct snd_oxfw), GFP_KERNEL);
-	if (!oxfw)
-		return -ENOMEM;
-	oxfw->unit = fw_unit_get(unit);
-	dev_set_drvdata(&unit->device, oxfw);
-
-	oxfw->entry = entry;
-	mutex_init(&oxfw->mutex);
-	spin_lock_init(&oxfw->lock);
-	init_waitqueue_head(&oxfw->hwdep_wait);
-
-	/* Allocate and register this sound card later. */
-	INIT_DEFERRABLE_WORK(&oxfw->dwork, do_registration);
-	snd_fw_schedule_registration(unit, &oxfw->dwork);
-
 	return 0;
+error:
+	snd_card_free(card);
+	return err;
 }
 
 static void oxfw_bus_reset(struct fw_unit *unit)
 {
 	struct snd_oxfw *oxfw = dev_get_drvdata(&unit->device);
 
-	if (!oxfw->registered)
-		snd_fw_schedule_registration(unit, &oxfw->dwork);
-
 	fcp_bus_reset(oxfw->unit);
 
-	if (oxfw->registered) {
-		if (oxfw->has_output || oxfw->has_input) {
-			mutex_lock(&oxfw->mutex);
-			snd_oxfw_stream_update_duplex(oxfw);
-			mutex_unlock(&oxfw->mutex);
-		}
-
-		if (oxfw->entry->vendor_id == OUI_STANTON)
-			snd_oxfw_scs1x_update(oxfw);
+	if (oxfw->has_output || oxfw->has_input) {
+		mutex_lock(&oxfw->mutex);
+		snd_oxfw_stream_update_duplex(oxfw);
+		mutex_unlock(&oxfw->mutex);
 	}
+
+	if (oxfw->quirks & SND_OXFW_QUIRK_SCS_TRANSACTION)
+		snd_oxfw_scs1x_update(oxfw);
 }
 
 static void oxfw_remove(struct fw_unit *unit)
 {
 	struct snd_oxfw *oxfw = dev_get_drvdata(&unit->device);
 
-	/*
-	 * Confirm to stop the work for registration before the sound card is
-	 * going to be released. The work is not scheduled again because bus
-	 * reset handler is not called anymore.
-	 */
-	cancel_delayed_work_sync(&oxfw->dwork);
-
-	if (oxfw->registered) {
-		// Block till all of ALSA character devices are released.
-		snd_card_free(oxfw->card);
-	}
-
-	mutex_destroy(&oxfw->mutex);
-	fw_unit_put(oxfw->unit);
+	// Block till all of ALSA character devices are released.
+	snd_card_free(oxfw->card);
 }
 
 static const struct compat_info griffin_firewave = {
@@ -320,81 +293,67 @@ static const struct compat_info lacie_speakers = {
 	.model_name = "FireWire Speakers",
 };
 
+#define OXFW_DEV_ENTRY(vendor, model, data) \
+{ \
+	.match_flags  = IEEE1394_MATCH_VENDOR_ID | \
+			IEEE1394_MATCH_MODEL_ID | \
+			IEEE1394_MATCH_SPECIFIER_ID | \
+			IEEE1394_MATCH_VERSION, \
+	.vendor_id    = vendor, \
+	.model_id     = model, \
+	.specifier_id = SPECIFIER_1394TA, \
+	.version      = VERSION_AVC, \
+	.driver_data  = (kernel_ulong_t)data, \
+}
+
 static const struct ieee1394_device_id oxfw_id_table[] = {
-	{
-		.match_flags  = IEEE1394_MATCH_VENDOR_ID |
-				IEEE1394_MATCH_MODEL_ID |
-				IEEE1394_MATCH_SPECIFIER_ID |
-				IEEE1394_MATCH_VERSION,
-		.vendor_id    = VENDOR_GRIFFIN,
-		.model_id     = 0x00f970,
-		.specifier_id = SPECIFIER_1394TA,
-		.version      = VERSION_AVC,
-		.driver_data  = (kernel_ulong_t)&griffin_firewave,
-	},
-	{
-		.match_flags  = IEEE1394_MATCH_VENDOR_ID |
-				IEEE1394_MATCH_MODEL_ID |
-				IEEE1394_MATCH_SPECIFIER_ID |
-				IEEE1394_MATCH_VERSION,
-		.vendor_id    = VENDOR_LACIE,
-		.model_id     = 0x00f970,
-		.specifier_id = SPECIFIER_1394TA,
-		.version      = VERSION_AVC,
-		.driver_data  = (kernel_ulong_t)&lacie_speakers,
-	},
-	/* Behringer,F-Control Audio 202 */
-	{
-		.match_flags	= IEEE1394_MATCH_VENDOR_ID |
-				  IEEE1394_MATCH_MODEL_ID,
-		.vendor_id	= VENDOR_BEHRINGER,
-		.model_id	= 0x00fc22,
-	},
-	/*
-	 * Any Mackie(Loud) models (name string/model id):
-	 *  Onyx-i series (former models):	0x081216
-	 *  Mackie Onyx Satellite:		0x00200f
-	 *  Tapco LINK.firewire 4x6:		0x000460
-	 *  d.4 pro:				Unknown
-	 *  U.420:				Unknown
-	 *  U.420d:				Unknown
-	 */
+	//
+	// OXFW970 devices:
+	// Initial firmware has a quirk to postpone isoc packet transmission during finishing async
+	// transaction. As a result, several isochronous cycles are skipped to transfer the packets
+	// and the audio data frames which should have been transferred during the cycles are put
+	// into packet at the first isoc cycle after the postpone. Furthermore, the value of SYT
+	// field in CIP header is not reliable as synchronization timing,
+	//
+	OXFW_DEV_ENTRY(VENDOR_GRIFFIN, 0x00f970, &griffin_firewave),
+	OXFW_DEV_ENTRY(VENDOR_LACIE, 0x00f970, &lacie_speakers),
+	// Behringer,F-Control Audio 202. The value of SYT field is not reliable at all.
+	OXFW_DEV_ENTRY(VENDOR_BEHRINGER, 0x00fc22, NULL),
+	// Loud Technologies, Tapco Link.FireWire 4x6. The value of SYT field is always 0xffff.
+	OXFW_DEV_ENTRY(VENDOR_LOUD, 0x000460, NULL),
+	// Loud Technologies, Mackie Onyx Satellite. Although revised version of firmware is
+	// installed to avoid the postpone, the value of SYT field is always 0xffff.
+	OXFW_DEV_ENTRY(VENDOR_LOUD, MODEL_SATELLITE, NULL),
+	// Miglia HarmonyAudio. Not yet identified.
+
+	//
+	// OXFW971 devices:
+	// The value of SYT field in CIP header is enough reliable. Both of blocking and non-blocking
+	// transmission methods are available.
+	//
+	// Any Mackie(Loud) models (name string/model id):
+	//  Onyx-i series (former models):	0x081216
+	//  Onyx 1640i:				0x001640
+	//  d.2 pro/d.4 pro (built-in card):	Unknown
+	//  U.420:				Unknown
+	//  U.420d:				Unknown
 	{
 		.match_flags	= IEEE1394_MATCH_VENDOR_ID |
 				  IEEE1394_MATCH_SPECIFIER_ID |
 				  IEEE1394_MATCH_VERSION,
 		.vendor_id	= VENDOR_LOUD,
+		.model_id	= 0,
 		.specifier_id	= SPECIFIER_1394TA,
 		.version	= VERSION_AVC,
 	},
-	/* TASCAM, FireOne */
-	{
-		.match_flags	= IEEE1394_MATCH_VENDOR_ID |
-				  IEEE1394_MATCH_MODEL_ID,
-		.vendor_id	= VENDOR_TASCAM,
-		.model_id	= 0x800007,
-	},
-	/* Stanton, Stanton Controllers & Systems 1 Mixer (SCS.1m) */
-	{
-		.match_flags	= IEEE1394_MATCH_VENDOR_ID |
-				  IEEE1394_MATCH_MODEL_ID,
-		.vendor_id	= OUI_STANTON,
-		.model_id	= 0x001000,
-	},
-	/* Stanton, Stanton Controllers & Systems 1 Deck (SCS.1d) */
-	{
-		.match_flags	= IEEE1394_MATCH_VENDOR_ID |
-				  IEEE1394_MATCH_MODEL_ID,
-		.vendor_id	= OUI_STANTON,
-		.model_id	= 0x002000,
-	},
-	// APOGEE, duet FireWire
-	{
-		.match_flags	= IEEE1394_MATCH_VENDOR_ID |
-				  IEEE1394_MATCH_MODEL_ID,
-		.vendor_id	= OUI_APOGEE,
-		.model_id	= 0x01dddd,
-	},
+	// TASCAM, FireOne.
+	OXFW_DEV_ENTRY(VENDOR_TASCAM, 0x800007, NULL),
+	// Stanton, Stanton Controllers & Systems 1 Mixer (SCS.1m).
+	OXFW_DEV_ENTRY(OUI_STANTON, MODEL_SCS1M, NULL),
+	// Stanton, Stanton Controllers & Systems 1 Deck (SCS.1d).
+	OXFW_DEV_ENTRY(OUI_STANTON, 0x002000, NULL),
+	// APOGEE, duet FireWire.
+	OXFW_DEV_ENTRY(OUI_APOGEE, MODEL_DUET_FW, NULL),
 	{ }
 };
 MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(ieee1394, oxfw_id_table);
diff --git a/sound/firewire/oxfw/oxfw.h b/sound/firewire/oxfw/oxfw.h
index fa2d7f9e2dc3..ee47abcb0c90 100644
--- a/sound/firewire/oxfw/oxfw.h
+++ b/sound/firewire/oxfw/oxfw.h
@@ -32,6 +32,18 @@
 #include "../amdtp-am824.h"
 #include "../cmp.h"
 
+enum snd_oxfw_quirk {
+	// Postpone transferring packets during handling asynchronous transaction. As a result,
+	// next isochronous packet includes more events than one packet can include.
+	SND_OXFW_QUIRK_JUMBO_PAYLOAD = 0x01,
+	// The dbs field of CIP header in tx packet is wrong.
+	SND_OXFW_QUIRK_WRONG_DBS = 0x02,
+	// Blocking transmission mode is used.
+	SND_OXFW_QUIRK_BLOCKING_TRANSMISSION = 0x04,
+	// Stanton SCS1.d and SCS1.m support unique transaction.
+	SND_OXFW_QUIRK_SCS_TRANSACTION = 0x08,
+};
+
 /* This is an arbitrary number for convinience. */
 #define	SND_OXFW_STREAM_FORMAT_ENTRIES	10
 struct snd_oxfw {
@@ -40,10 +52,8 @@ struct snd_oxfw {
 	struct mutex mutex;
 	spinlock_t lock;
 
-	bool registered;
-	struct delayed_work dwork;
-
-	bool wrong_dbs;
+	// The combination of snd_oxfw_quirk enumeration-constants.
+	unsigned int quirks;
 	bool has_output;
 	bool has_input;
 	u8 *tx_stream_formats[SND_OXFW_STREAM_FORMAT_ENTRIES];
@@ -62,7 +72,6 @@ struct snd_oxfw {
 	bool dev_lock_changed;
 	wait_queue_head_t hwdep_wait;
 
-	const struct ieee1394_device_id *entry;
 	void *spec;
 
 	struct amdtp_domain domain;
diff --git a/sound/firewire/tascam/amdtp-tascam.c b/sound/firewire/tascam/amdtp-tascam.c
index f823a2ab3544..64d66a802545 100644
--- a/sound/firewire/tascam/amdtp-tascam.c
+++ b/sound/firewire/tascam/amdtp-tascam.c
@@ -228,6 +228,7 @@ int amdtp_tscm_init(struct amdtp_stream *s, struct fw_unit *unit,
 		    enum amdtp_stream_direction dir, unsigned int pcm_channels)
 {
 	amdtp_stream_process_ctx_payloads_t process_ctx_payloads;
+	unsigned int flags = CIP_NONBLOCKING | CIP_SKIP_DBC_ZERO_CHECK | CIP_UNAWARE_SYT;
 	struct amdtp_tscm *p;
 	unsigned int fmt;
 	int err;
@@ -240,8 +241,7 @@ int amdtp_tscm_init(struct amdtp_stream *s, struct fw_unit *unit,
 		process_ctx_payloads = process_it_ctx_payloads;
 	}
 
-	err = amdtp_stream_init(s, unit, dir,
-			CIP_NONBLOCKING | CIP_SKIP_DBC_ZERO_CHECK, fmt,
+	err = amdtp_stream_init(s, unit, dir, flags, fmt,
 			process_ctx_payloads, sizeof(struct amdtp_tscm));
 	if (err < 0)
 		return 0;
@@ -249,8 +249,6 @@ int amdtp_tscm_init(struct amdtp_stream *s, struct fw_unit *unit,
 	if (dir == AMDTP_OUT_STREAM) {
 		// Use fixed value for FDF field.
 		s->ctx_data.rx.fdf = 0x00;
-		// Not used.
-		s->ctx_data.rx.syt_override = 0x0000;
 	}
 
 	/* This protocol uses fixed number of data channels for PCM samples. */
diff --git a/sound/firewire/tascam/tascam-stream.c b/sound/firewire/tascam/tascam-stream.c
index eb07e1decf9b..53e094cc411f 100644
--- a/sound/firewire/tascam/tascam-stream.c
+++ b/sound/firewire/tascam/tascam-stream.c
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 #define CLOCK_STATUS_MASK      0xffff0000
 #define CLOCK_CONFIG_MASK      0x0000ffff
 
-#define CALLBACK_TIMEOUT 500
+#define READY_TIMEOUT_MS	4000
 
 static int get_clock(struct snd_tscm *tscm, u32 *data)
 {
@@ -423,6 +423,8 @@ int snd_tscm_stream_reserve_duplex(struct snd_tscm *tscm, unsigned int rate,
 			fw_iso_resources_free(&tscm->rx_resources);
 			return err;
 		}
+
+		tscm->need_long_tx_init_skip = (rate != curr_rate);
 	}
 
 	return 0;
@@ -454,6 +456,7 @@ int snd_tscm_stream_start_duplex(struct snd_tscm *tscm, unsigned int rate)
 
 	if (!amdtp_stream_running(&tscm->rx_stream)) {
 		int spd = fw_parent_device(tscm->unit)->max_speed;
+		unsigned int tx_init_skip_cycles;
 
 		err = set_stream_formats(tscm, rate);
 		if (err < 0)
@@ -473,14 +476,23 @@ int snd_tscm_stream_start_duplex(struct snd_tscm *tscm, unsigned int rate)
 		if (err < 0)
 			goto error;
 
-		err = amdtp_domain_start(&tscm->domain, 0);
+		if (tscm->need_long_tx_init_skip)
+			tx_init_skip_cycles = 16000;
+		else
+			tx_init_skip_cycles = 0;
+
+		// MEMO: Just after starting packet streaming, it transfers packets without any
+		// event. Enough after receiving the sequence of packets, it multiplexes events into
+		// the packet. However, just after changing sampling transfer frequency, it stops
+		// multiplexing during packet transmission. Enough after, it restarts multiplexing
+		// again. The device ignores presentation time expressed by the value of syt field
+		// of CIP header in received packets. The sequence of the number of data blocks per
+		// packet is important for media clock recovery.
+		err = amdtp_domain_start(&tscm->domain, tx_init_skip_cycles, true, true);
 		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 
-		if (!amdtp_stream_wait_callback(&tscm->rx_stream,
-						CALLBACK_TIMEOUT) ||
-		    !amdtp_stream_wait_callback(&tscm->tx_stream,
-						CALLBACK_TIMEOUT)) {
+		if (!amdtp_domain_wait_ready(&tscm->domain, READY_TIMEOUT_MS)) {
 			err = -ETIMEDOUT;
 			goto error;
 		}
@@ -502,6 +514,8 @@ void snd_tscm_stream_stop_duplex(struct snd_tscm *tscm)
 
 		fw_iso_resources_free(&tscm->tx_resources);
 		fw_iso_resources_free(&tscm->rx_resources);
+
+		tscm->need_long_tx_init_skip = false;
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/sound/firewire/tascam/tascam.c b/sound/firewire/tascam/tascam.c
index 75f2edd8e78f..eb58d3fcf087 100644
--- a/sound/firewire/tascam/tascam.c
+++ b/sound/firewire/tascam/tascam.c
@@ -90,19 +90,31 @@ static void tscm_card_free(struct snd_card *card)
 
 	snd_tscm_transaction_unregister(tscm);
 	snd_tscm_stream_destroy_duplex(tscm);
+
+	mutex_destroy(&tscm->mutex);
+	fw_unit_put(tscm->unit);
 }
 
-static void do_registration(struct work_struct *work)
+static int snd_tscm_probe(struct fw_unit *unit,
+			   const struct ieee1394_device_id *entry)
 {
-	struct snd_tscm *tscm = container_of(work, struct snd_tscm, dwork.work);
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct snd_tscm *tscm;
 	int err;
 
-	err = snd_card_new(&tscm->unit->device, -1, NULL, THIS_MODULE, 0,
-			   &tscm->card);
+	err = snd_card_new(&unit->device, -1, NULL, THIS_MODULE, sizeof(*tscm), &card);
 	if (err < 0)
-		return;
-	tscm->card->private_free = tscm_card_free;
-	tscm->card->private_data = tscm;
+		return err;
+	card->private_free = tscm_card_free;
+
+	tscm = card->private_data;
+	tscm->unit = fw_unit_get(unit);
+	dev_set_drvdata(&unit->device, tscm);
+	tscm->card = card;
+
+	mutex_init(&tscm->mutex);
+	spin_lock_init(&tscm->lock);
+	init_waitqueue_head(&tscm->hwdep_wait);
 
 	err = identify_model(tscm);
 	if (err < 0)
@@ -130,81 +142,33 @@ static void do_registration(struct work_struct *work)
 	if (err < 0)
 		goto error;
 
-	err = snd_card_register(tscm->card);
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
 	if (err < 0)
 		goto error;
 
-	tscm->registered = true;
-
-	return;
-error:
-	snd_card_free(tscm->card);
-	dev_info(&tscm->unit->device,
-		 "Sound card registration failed: %d\n", err);
-}
-
-static int snd_tscm_probe(struct fw_unit *unit,
-			   const struct ieee1394_device_id *entry)
-{
-	struct snd_tscm *tscm;
-
-	/* Allocate this independent of sound card instance. */
-	tscm = devm_kzalloc(&unit->device, sizeof(struct snd_tscm), GFP_KERNEL);
-	if (!tscm)
-		return -ENOMEM;
-	tscm->unit = fw_unit_get(unit);
-	dev_set_drvdata(&unit->device, tscm);
-
-	mutex_init(&tscm->mutex);
-	spin_lock_init(&tscm->lock);
-	init_waitqueue_head(&tscm->hwdep_wait);
-
-	/* Allocate and register this sound card later. */
-	INIT_DEFERRABLE_WORK(&tscm->dwork, do_registration);
-	snd_fw_schedule_registration(unit, &tscm->dwork);
-
 	return 0;
+error:
+	snd_card_free(card);
+	return err;
 }
 
 static void snd_tscm_update(struct fw_unit *unit)
 {
 	struct snd_tscm *tscm = dev_get_drvdata(&unit->device);
 
-	/* Postpone a workqueue for deferred registration. */
-	if (!tscm->registered)
-		snd_fw_schedule_registration(unit, &tscm->dwork);
-
 	snd_tscm_transaction_reregister(tscm);
 
-	/*
-	 * After registration, userspace can start packet streaming, then this
-	 * code block works fine.
-	 */
-	if (tscm->registered) {
-		mutex_lock(&tscm->mutex);
-		snd_tscm_stream_update_duplex(tscm);
-		mutex_unlock(&tscm->mutex);
-	}
+	mutex_lock(&tscm->mutex);
+	snd_tscm_stream_update_duplex(tscm);
+	mutex_unlock(&tscm->mutex);
 }
 
 static void snd_tscm_remove(struct fw_unit *unit)
 {
 	struct snd_tscm *tscm = dev_get_drvdata(&unit->device);
 
-	/*
-	 * Confirm to stop the work for registration before the sound card is
-	 * going to be released. The work is not scheduled again because bus
-	 * reset handler is not called anymore.
-	 */
-	cancel_delayed_work_sync(&tscm->dwork);
-
-	if (tscm->registered) {
-		// Block till all of ALSA character devices are released.
-		snd_card_free(tscm->card);
-	}
-
-	mutex_destroy(&tscm->mutex);
-	fw_unit_put(tscm->unit);
+	// Block till all of ALSA character devices are released.
+	snd_card_free(tscm->card);
 }
 
 static const struct ieee1394_device_id snd_tscm_id_table[] = {
diff --git a/sound/firewire/tascam/tascam.h b/sound/firewire/tascam/tascam.h
index 78b7a08986a1..d07ffcb27be6 100644
--- a/sound/firewire/tascam/tascam.h
+++ b/sound/firewire/tascam/tascam.h
@@ -70,8 +70,6 @@ struct snd_tscm {
 	struct mutex mutex;
 	spinlock_t lock;
 
-	bool registered;
-	struct delayed_work dwork;
 	const struct snd_tscm_spec *spec;
 
 	struct fw_iso_resources tx_resources;
@@ -99,6 +97,7 @@ struct snd_tscm {
 	unsigned int push_pos;
 
 	struct amdtp_domain domain;
+	bool need_long_tx_init_skip;
 };
 
 #define TSCM_ADDR_BASE			0xffff00000000ull
diff --git a/sound/i2c/cs8427.c b/sound/i2c/cs8427.c
index 8634d4f466b3..65012af6a36e 100644
--- a/sound/i2c/cs8427.c
+++ b/sound/i2c/cs8427.c
@@ -50,7 +50,8 @@ int snd_cs8427_reg_write(struct snd_i2c_device *device, unsigned char reg,
 
 	buf[0] = reg & 0x7f;
 	buf[1] = val;
-	if ((err = snd_i2c_sendbytes(device, buf, 2)) != 2) {
+	err = snd_i2c_sendbytes(device, buf, 2);
+	if (err != 2) {
 		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "unable to send bytes 0x%02x:0x%02x "
 			   "to CS8427 (%i)\n", buf[0], buf[1], err);
 		return err < 0 ? err : -EIO;
@@ -65,12 +66,14 @@ static int snd_cs8427_reg_read(struct snd_i2c_device *device, unsigned char reg)
 	int err;
 	unsigned char buf;
 
-	if ((err = snd_i2c_sendbytes(device, &reg, 1)) != 1) {
+	err = snd_i2c_sendbytes(device, &reg, 1);
+	if (err != 1) {
 		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "unable to send register 0x%x byte "
 			   "to CS8427\n", reg);
 		return err < 0 ? err : -EIO;
 	}
-	if ((err = snd_i2c_readbytes(device, &buf, 1)) != 1) {
+	err = snd_i2c_readbytes(device, &buf, 1);
+	if (err != 1) {
 		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "unable to read register 0x%x byte "
 			   "from CS8427\n", reg);
 		return err < 0 ? err : -EIO;
@@ -108,7 +111,8 @@ static int snd_cs8427_send_corudata(struct snd_i2c_device *device,
 
 	if (!memcmp(hw_data, ndata, count))
 		return 0;
-	if ((err = snd_cs8427_select_corudata(device, udata)) < 0)
+	err = snd_cs8427_select_corudata(device, udata);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	memcpy(hw_data, ndata, count);
 	if (udata) {
@@ -209,7 +213,8 @@ int snd_cs8427_init(struct snd_i2c_bus *bus,
 		goto __fail;
 	/* send initial values */
 	memcpy(chip->regmap + (initvals1[0] & 0x7f), initvals1 + 1, 6);
-	if ((err = snd_i2c_sendbytes(device, initvals1, 7)) != 7) {
+	err = snd_i2c_sendbytes(device, initvals1, 7);
+	if (err != 7) {
 		err = err < 0 ? err : -EIO;
 		goto __fail;
 	}
@@ -217,11 +222,13 @@ int snd_cs8427_init(struct snd_i2c_bus *bus,
 	memset(buf, 0, 7);
 	/* from address 9 to 15 */
 	buf[0] = 9;	/* register */
-	if ((err = snd_i2c_sendbytes(device, buf, 7)) != 7)
+	err = snd_i2c_sendbytes(device, buf, 7);
+	if (err != 7)
 		goto __fail;
 	/* send transfer initialization sequence */
 	memcpy(chip->regmap + (initvals2[0] & 0x7f), initvals2 + 1, 3);
-	if ((err = snd_i2c_sendbytes(device, initvals2, 4)) != 4) {
+	err = snd_i2c_sendbytes(device, initvals2, 4);
+	if (err != 4) {
 		err = err < 0 ? err : -EIO;
 		goto __fail;
 	}
@@ -383,7 +390,8 @@ static int snd_cs8427_qsubcode_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
 	int err;
 
 	snd_i2c_lock(device->bus);
-	if ((err = snd_i2c_sendbytes(device, &reg, 1)) != 1) {
+	err = snd_i2c_sendbytes(device, &reg, 1);
+	if (err != 1) {
 		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "unable to send register 0x%x byte "
 			   "to CS8427\n", reg);
 		snd_i2c_unlock(device->bus);
diff --git a/sound/i2c/other/ak4114.c b/sound/i2c/other/ak4114.c
index 2ce0a97957ab..c0cffe28989b 100644
--- a/sound/i2c/other/ak4114.c
+++ b/sound/i2c/other/ak4114.c
@@ -97,7 +97,8 @@ int snd_ak4114_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	chip->rcs0 = reg_read(chip, AK4114_REG_RCS0) & ~(AK4114_QINT | AK4114_CINT);
 	chip->rcs1 = reg_read(chip, AK4114_REG_RCS1);
 
-	if ((err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_CODEC, chip, &ops)) < 0)
+	err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_CODEC, chip, &ops);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto __fail;
 
 	if (r_ak4114)
diff --git a/sound/i2c/other/ak4117.c b/sound/i2c/other/ak4117.c
index 905be2d0780b..1bc43e927d82 100644
--- a/sound/i2c/other/ak4117.c
+++ b/sound/i2c/other/ak4117.c
@@ -86,7 +86,8 @@ int snd_ak4117_create(struct snd_card *card, ak4117_read_t *read, ak4117_write_t
 	chip->rcs1 = reg_read(chip, AK4117_REG_RCS1);
 	chip->rcs2 = reg_read(chip, AK4117_REG_RCS2);
 
-	if ((err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_CODEC, chip, &ops)) < 0)
+	err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_CODEC, chip, &ops);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto __fail;
 
 	if (r_ak4117)
diff --git a/sound/i2c/tea6330t.c b/sound/i2c/tea6330t.c
index 08eb6a873768..037d6293f728 100644
--- a/sound/i2c/tea6330t.c
+++ b/sound/i2c/tea6330t.c
@@ -115,7 +115,8 @@ static int snd_tea6330t_put_master_volume(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
 		bytes[count++] = tea->regs[TEA6330T_SADDR_VOLUME_RIGHT] = tea->mright;
 	}
 	if (count > 0) {
-		if ((err = snd_i2c_sendbytes(tea->device, bytes, count)) < 0)
+		err = snd_i2c_sendbytes(tea->device, bytes, count);
+		if (err < 0)
 			change = err;
 	}
 	snd_i2c_unlock(tea->bus);
@@ -160,7 +161,8 @@ static int snd_tea6330t_put_master_switch(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
 	bytes[0] = TEA6330T_SADDR_VOLUME_LEFT;
 	bytes[1] = tea->regs[TEA6330T_SADDR_VOLUME_LEFT];
 	bytes[2] = tea->regs[TEA6330T_SADDR_VOLUME_RIGHT];
-	if ((err = snd_i2c_sendbytes(tea->device, bytes, 3)) < 0)
+	err = snd_i2c_sendbytes(tea->device, bytes, 3);
+	if (err < 0)
 		change = err;
 	snd_i2c_unlock(tea->bus);
 	return change;
@@ -207,7 +209,8 @@ static int snd_tea6330t_put_bass(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
 	change = tea->regs[TEA6330T_SADDR_BASS] != val1;
 	bytes[0] = TEA6330T_SADDR_BASS;
 	bytes[1] = tea->regs[TEA6330T_SADDR_BASS] = val1;
-	if ((err = snd_i2c_sendbytes(tea->device, bytes, 2)) < 0)
+	err = snd_i2c_sendbytes(tea->device, bytes, 2);
+	if (err < 0)
 		change = err;
 	snd_i2c_unlock(tea->bus);
 	return change;
@@ -254,7 +257,8 @@ static int snd_tea6330t_put_treble(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
 	change = tea->regs[TEA6330T_SADDR_TREBLE] != val1;
 	bytes[0] = TEA6330T_SADDR_TREBLE;
 	bytes[1] = tea->regs[TEA6330T_SADDR_TREBLE] = val1;
-	if ((err = snd_i2c_sendbytes(tea->device, bytes, 2)) < 0)
+	err = snd_i2c_sendbytes(tea->device, bytes, 2);
+	if (err < 0)
 		change = err;
 	snd_i2c_unlock(tea->bus);
 	return change;
@@ -280,14 +284,15 @@ int snd_tea6330t_update_mixer(struct snd_card *card,
 	struct tea6330t *tea;
 	const struct snd_kcontrol_new *knew;
 	unsigned int idx;
-	int err = -ENOMEM;
+	int err;
 	u8 default_treble, default_bass;
 	unsigned char bytes[7];
 
 	tea = kzalloc(sizeof(*tea), GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (tea == NULL)
 		return -ENOMEM;
-	if ((err = snd_i2c_device_create(bus, "TEA6330T", TEA6330T_ADDR, &device)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_i2c_device_create(bus, "TEA6330T", TEA6330T_ADDR, &device);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		kfree(tea);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -327,18 +332,21 @@ int snd_tea6330t_update_mixer(struct snd_card *card,
 	bytes[0] = TEA6330T_SADDR_VOLUME_LEFT;
 	for (idx = 0; idx < 6; idx++)
 		bytes[idx+1] = tea->regs[idx];
-	if ((err = snd_i2c_sendbytes(device, bytes, 7)) < 0)
+	err = snd_i2c_sendbytes(device, bytes, 7);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto __error;
 
 	strcat(card->mixername, ",TEA6330T");
-	if ((err = snd_component_add(card, "TEA6330T")) < 0)
+	err = snd_component_add(card, "TEA6330T");
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto __error;
 
 	for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_tea6330t_controls); idx++) {
 		knew = &snd_tea6330t_controls[idx];
 		if (tea->treble == 0 && !strcmp(knew->name, "Tone Control - Treble"))
 			continue;
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(knew, tea))) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(knew, tea));
+		if (err < 0)
 			goto __error;
 	}
 
diff --git a/sound/isa/ad1816a/ad1816a.c b/sound/isa/ad1816a/ad1816a.c
index f11af983b3b6..fa5bed0d5a6f 100644
--- a/sound/isa/ad1816a/ad1816a.c
+++ b/sound/isa/ad1816a/ad1816a.c
@@ -131,16 +131,18 @@ static int snd_card_ad1816a_probe(int dev, struct pnp_card_link *pcard,
 		return error;
 	chip = card->private_data;
 
-	if ((error = snd_card_ad1816a_pnp(dev, pcard, pid))) {
+	error = snd_card_ad1816a_pnp(dev, pcard, pid);
+	if (error) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return error;
 	}
 
-	if ((error = snd_ad1816a_create(card, port[dev],
-					irq[dev],
-					dma1[dev],
-					dma2[dev],
-					chip)) < 0) {
+	error = snd_ad1816a_create(card, port[dev],
+				   irq[dev],
+				   dma1[dev],
+				   dma2[dev],
+				   chip);
+	if (error) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return error;
 	}
@@ -152,12 +154,14 @@ static int snd_card_ad1816a_probe(int dev, struct pnp_card_link *pcard,
 	sprintf(card->longname, "%s, SS at 0x%lx, irq %d, dma %d&%d",
 		card->shortname, chip->port, irq[dev], dma1[dev], dma2[dev]);
 
-	if ((error = snd_ad1816a_pcm(chip, 0)) < 0) {
+	error = snd_ad1816a_pcm(chip, 0);
+	if (error < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return error;
 	}
 
-	if ((error = snd_ad1816a_mixer(chip)) < 0) {
+	error = snd_ad1816a_mixer(chip);
+	if (error < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return error;
 	}
@@ -189,7 +193,8 @@ static int snd_card_ad1816a_probe(int dev, struct pnp_card_link *pcard,
 		}
 	}
 
-	if ((error = snd_card_register(card)) < 0) {
+	error = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (error < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return error;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/isa/ad1816a/ad1816a_lib.c b/sound/isa/ad1816a/ad1816a_lib.c
index 01381fe7c0c9..6d4999b30461 100644
--- a/sound/isa/ad1816a/ad1816a_lib.c
+++ b/sound/isa/ad1816a/ad1816a_lib.c
@@ -155,7 +155,8 @@ static void snd_ad1816a_close(struct snd_ad1816a *chip, unsigned int mode)
 		snd_ad1816a_write_mask(chip, AD1816A_INTERRUPT_ENABLE,
 			AD1816A_TIMER_IRQ_ENABLE, 0x0000);
 	}
-	if (!((chip->mode &= ~mode) & AD1816A_MODE_OPEN))
+	chip->mode &= ~mode;
+	if (!(chip->mode & AD1816A_MODE_OPEN))
 		chip->mode = 0;
 
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->lock, flags);
@@ -426,7 +427,8 @@ static int snd_ad1816a_playback_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
 	int error;
 
-	if ((error = snd_ad1816a_open(chip, AD1816A_MODE_PLAYBACK)) < 0)
+	error = snd_ad1816a_open(chip, AD1816A_MODE_PLAYBACK);
+	if (error < 0)
 		return error;
 	runtime->hw = snd_ad1816a_playback;
 	snd_pcm_limit_isa_dma_size(chip->dma1, &runtime->hw.buffer_bytes_max);
@@ -441,7 +443,8 @@ static int snd_ad1816a_capture_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
 	int error;
 
-	if ((error = snd_ad1816a_open(chip, AD1816A_MODE_CAPTURE)) < 0)
+	error = snd_ad1816a_open(chip, AD1816A_MODE_CAPTURE);
+	if (error < 0)
 		return error;
 	runtime->hw = snd_ad1816a_capture;
 	snd_pcm_limit_isa_dma_size(chip->dma2, &runtime->hw.buffer_bytes_max);
@@ -586,7 +589,8 @@ int snd_ad1816a_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	chip->dma1 = -1;
 	chip->dma2 = -1;
 
-	if ((chip->res_port = request_region(port, 16, "AD1816A")) == NULL) {
+	chip->res_port = request_region(port, 16, "AD1816A");
+	if (!chip->res_port) {
 		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "ad1816a: can't grab port 0x%lx\n", port);
 		snd_ad1816a_free(chip);
 		return -EBUSY;
@@ -615,7 +619,8 @@ int snd_ad1816a_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	chip->port = port;
 	spin_lock_init(&chip->lock);
 
-	if ((error = snd_ad1816a_probe(chip))) {
+	error = snd_ad1816a_probe(chip);
+	if (error) {
 		snd_ad1816a_free(chip);
 		return error;
 	}
@@ -623,7 +628,8 @@ int snd_ad1816a_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	snd_ad1816a_init(chip);
 
 	/* Register device */
-	if ((error = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops)) < 0) {
+	error = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops);
+	if (error < 0) {
 		snd_ad1816a_free(chip);
 		return error;
 	}
@@ -652,7 +658,8 @@ int snd_ad1816a_pcm(struct snd_ad1816a *chip, int device)
 	int error;
 	struct snd_pcm *pcm;
 
-	if ((error = snd_pcm_new(chip->card, "AD1816A", device, 1, 1, &pcm)))
+	error = snd_pcm_new(chip->card, "AD1816A", device, 1, 1, &pcm);
+	if (error)
 		return error;
 
 	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, &snd_ad1816a_playback_ops);
@@ -682,7 +689,8 @@ int snd_ad1816a_timer(struct snd_ad1816a *chip, int device)
 	tid.card = chip->card->number;
 	tid.device = device;
 	tid.subdevice = 0;
-	if ((error = snd_timer_new(chip->card, "AD1816A", &tid, &timer)) < 0)
+	error = snd_timer_new(chip->card, "AD1816A", &tid, &timer);
+	if (error < 0)
 		return error;
 	strcpy(timer->name, snd_ad1816a_chip_id(chip));
 	timer->private_data = chip;
@@ -944,7 +952,8 @@ int snd_ad1816a_mixer(struct snd_ad1816a *chip)
 	strcpy(card->mixername, snd_ad1816a_chip_id(chip));
 
 	for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ad1816a_controls); idx++) {
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_ad1816a_controls[idx], chip))) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_ad1816a_controls[idx], chip));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 	return 0;
diff --git a/sound/isa/als100.c b/sound/isa/als100.c
index bacb7a1b930c..d4597fdfe091 100644
--- a/sound/isa/als100.c
+++ b/sound/isa/als100.c
@@ -177,7 +177,8 @@ static int snd_card_als100_probe(int dev,
 		return error;
 	acard = card->private_data;
 
-	if ((error = snd_card_als100_pnp(dev, acard, pcard, pid))) {
+	error = snd_card_als100_pnp(dev, acard, pcard, pid);
+	if (error) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return error;
 	}
@@ -211,12 +212,14 @@ static int snd_card_als100_probe(int dev,
 			 dma16[dev]);
 	}
 
-	if ((error = snd_sb16dsp_pcm(chip, 0)) < 0) {
+	error = snd_sb16dsp_pcm(chip, 0);
+	if (error < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return error;
 	}
 
-	if ((error = snd_sbmixer_new(chip)) < 0) {
+	error = snd_sbmixer_new(chip);
+	if (error < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return error;
 	}
@@ -245,18 +248,21 @@ static int snd_card_als100_probe(int dev,
 			snd_printk(KERN_ERR PFX "no OPL device at 0x%lx-0x%lx\n",
 				   fm_port[dev], fm_port[dev] + 2);
 		} else {
-			if ((error = snd_opl3_timer_new(opl3, 0, 1)) < 0) {
+			error = snd_opl3_timer_new(opl3, 0, 1);
+			if (error < 0) {
 				snd_card_free(card);
 				return error;
 			}
-			if ((error = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, 1, NULL)) < 0) {
+			error = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, 1, NULL);
+			if (error < 0) {
 				snd_card_free(card);
 				return error;
 			}
 		}
 	}
 
-	if ((error = snd_card_register(card)) < 0) {
+	error = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (error < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return error;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/isa/azt2320.c b/sound/isa/azt2320.c
index 867e9ae8f65a..dd5c059b3744 100644
--- a/sound/isa/azt2320.c
+++ b/sound/isa/azt2320.c
@@ -148,9 +148,11 @@ static int snd_card_azt2320_enable_wss(unsigned long port)
 {
 	int error;
 
-	if ((error = snd_card_azt2320_command(port, 0x09)))
+	error = snd_card_azt2320_command(port, 0x09);
+	if (error)
 		return error;
-	if ((error = snd_card_azt2320_command(port, 0x00)))
+	error = snd_card_azt2320_command(port, 0x00);
+	if (error)
 		return error;
 
 	mdelay(5);
@@ -174,12 +176,14 @@ static int snd_card_azt2320_probe(int dev,
 		return error;
 	acard = card->private_data;
 
-	if ((error = snd_card_azt2320_pnp(dev, acard, pcard, pid))) {
+	error = snd_card_azt2320_pnp(dev, acard, pcard, pid);
+	if (error) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return error;
 	}
 
-	if ((error = snd_card_azt2320_enable_wss(port[dev]))) {
+	error = snd_card_azt2320_enable_wss(port[dev]);
+	if (error) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return error;
 	}
@@ -228,18 +232,21 @@ static int snd_card_azt2320_probe(int dev,
 			snd_printk(KERN_ERR PFX "no OPL device at 0x%lx-0x%lx\n",
 				   fm_port[dev], fm_port[dev] + 2);
 		} else {
-			if ((error = snd_opl3_timer_new(opl3, 1, 2)) < 0) {
+			error = snd_opl3_timer_new(opl3, 1, 2);
+			if (error < 0) {
 				snd_card_free(card);
 				return error;
 			}
-			if ((error = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, 1, NULL)) < 0) {
+			error = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, 1, NULL);
+			if (error < 0) {
 				snd_card_free(card);
 				return error;
 			}
 		}
 	}
 
-	if ((error = snd_card_register(card)) < 0) {
+	error = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (error < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return error;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/isa/cmi8330.c b/sound/isa/cmi8330.c
index bc112df10fc5..6c59a3eec59b 100644
--- a/sound/isa/cmi8330.c
+++ b/sound/isa/cmi8330.c
@@ -284,7 +284,8 @@ static int cmi8330_add_sb_mixers(struct snd_sb *chip)
 	}
 
 	for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(cmi8330_sb_mixers); idx++) {
-		if ((err = snd_sbmixer_add_ctl_elem(chip, &cmi8330_sb_mixers[idx])) < 0)
+		err = snd_sbmixer_add_ctl_elem(chip, &cmi8330_sb_mixers[idx]);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 	return 0;
@@ -307,7 +308,8 @@ static int snd_cmi8330_mixer(struct snd_card *card, struct snd_cmi8330 *acard)
 	}
 
 #ifdef ENABLE_SB_MIXER
-	if ((err = cmi8330_add_sb_mixers(acard->sb)) < 0)
+	err = cmi8330_add_sb_mixers(acard->sb);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 #endif
 	return 0;
@@ -432,7 +434,8 @@ static int snd_cmi8330_pcm(struct snd_card *card, struct snd_cmi8330 *chip)
 		snd_cmi8330_capture_open
 	};
 
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_new(card, (chip->type == CMI8329) ? "CMI8329" : "CMI8330", 0, 1, 1, &pcm)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_new(card, (chip->type == CMI8329) ? "CMI8329" : "CMI8330", 0, 1, 1, &pcm);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	strcpy(pcm->name, (chip->type == CMI8329) ? "CMI8329" : "CMI8330");
 	pcm->private_data = chip;
@@ -536,12 +539,13 @@ static int snd_cmi8330_probe(struct snd_card *card, int dev)
 		return -ENODEV;
 	}
 
-	if ((err = snd_sbdsp_create(card, sbport[dev],
-				    sbirq[dev],
-				    snd_sb16dsp_interrupt,
-				    sbdma8[dev],
-				    sbdma16[dev],
-				    SB_HW_AUTO, &acard->sb)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_sbdsp_create(card, sbport[dev],
+			       sbirq[dev],
+			       snd_sb16dsp_interrupt,
+			       sbdma8[dev],
+			       sbdma16[dev],
+			       SB_HW_AUTO, &acard->sb);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_printk(KERN_ERR PFX "SB16 device busy??\n");
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -555,12 +559,14 @@ static int snd_cmi8330_probe(struct snd_card *card, int dev)
 		snd_wss_out(acard->wss, i,
 			    snd_cmi8330_image[i - CMI8330_RMUX3D]);
 
-	if ((err = snd_cmi8330_mixer(card, acard)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_cmi8330_mixer(card, acard);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_printk(KERN_ERR PFX "failed to create mixers\n");
 		return err;
 	}
 
-	if ((err = snd_cmi8330_pcm(card, acard)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_cmi8330_pcm(card, acard);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_printk(KERN_ERR PFX "failed to create pcms\n");
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -622,7 +628,8 @@ static int snd_cmi8330_isa_probe(struct device *pdev,
 	err = snd_cmi8330_card_new(pdev, dev, &card);
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
-	if ((err = snd_cmi8330_probe(card, dev)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_cmi8330_probe(card, dev);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -683,12 +690,14 @@ static int snd_cmi8330_pnp_detect(struct pnp_card_link *pcard,
 	res = snd_cmi8330_card_new(&pcard->card->dev, dev, &card);
 	if (res < 0)
 		return res;
-	if ((res = snd_cmi8330_pnp(dev, card->private_data, pcard, pid)) < 0) {
+	res = snd_cmi8330_pnp(dev, card->private_data, pcard, pid);
+	if (res < 0) {
 		snd_printk(KERN_ERR PFX "PnP detection failed\n");
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return res;
 	}
-	if ((res = snd_cmi8330_probe(card, dev)) < 0) {
+	res = snd_cmi8330_probe(card, dev);
+	if (res < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return res;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/isa/cs423x/cs4236.c b/sound/isa/cs423x/cs4236.c
index 186d7d4db45e..0b7fd17f8ecc 100644
--- a/sound/isa/cs423x/cs4236.c
+++ b/sound/isa/cs423x/cs4236.c
@@ -339,11 +339,13 @@ static int snd_cs423x_probe(struct snd_card *card, int dev)
 	int err;
 
 	acard = card->private_data;
-	if (sb_port[dev] > 0 && sb_port[dev] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT)
-		if ((acard->res_sb_port = request_region(sb_port[dev], 16, IDENT " SB")) == NULL) {
+	if (sb_port[dev] > 0 && sb_port[dev] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		acard->res_sb_port = request_region(sb_port[dev], 16, IDENT " SB");
+		if (!acard->res_sb_port) {
 			printk(KERN_ERR IDENT ": unable to register SB port at 0x%lx\n", sb_port[dev]);
 			return -EBUSY;
 		}
+	}
 
 	err = snd_cs4236_create(card, port[dev], cport[dev],
 			     irq[dev],
@@ -393,7 +395,8 @@ static int snd_cs423x_probe(struct snd_card *card, int dev)
 				    OPL3_HW_OPL3_CS, 0, &opl3) < 0) {
 			printk(KERN_WARNING IDENT ": OPL3 not detected\n");
 		} else {
-			if ((err = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, 1, NULL)) < 0)
+			err = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, 1, NULL);
+			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
 		}
 	}
@@ -444,7 +447,8 @@ static int snd_cs423x_isa_probe(struct device *pdev,
 	err = snd_cs423x_card_new(pdev, dev, &card);
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
-	if ((err = snd_cs423x_probe(card, dev)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_cs423x_probe(card, dev);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -538,7 +542,8 @@ static int snd_cs423x_pnpbios_detect(struct pnp_dev *pdev,
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
-	if ((err = snd_cs423x_probe(card, dev)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_cs423x_probe(card, dev);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -592,13 +597,15 @@ static int snd_cs423x_pnpc_detect(struct pnp_card_link *pcard,
 	res = snd_cs423x_card_new(&pcard->card->dev, dev, &card);
 	if (res < 0)
 		return res;
-	if ((res = snd_card_cs423x_pnpc(dev, card->private_data, pcard, pid)) < 0) {
+	res = snd_card_cs423x_pnpc(dev, card->private_data, pcard, pid);
+	if (res < 0) {
 		printk(KERN_ERR "isapnp detection failed and probing for " IDENT
 		       " is not supported\n");
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return res;
 	}
-	if ((res = snd_cs423x_probe(card, dev)) < 0) {
+	res = snd_cs423x_probe(card, dev);
+	if (res < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return res;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/isa/cs423x/cs4236_lib.c b/sound/isa/cs423x/cs4236_lib.c
index 52f05adb1870..63957aea456b 100644
--- a/sound/isa/cs423x/cs4236_lib.c
+++ b/sound/isa/cs423x/cs4236_lib.c
@@ -1030,12 +1030,14 @@ int snd_cs4236_mixer(struct snd_wss *chip)
 	if (chip->hardware == WSS_HW_CS4235 ||
 	    chip->hardware == WSS_HW_CS4239) {
 		for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_cs4235_controls); idx++) {
-			if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_cs4235_controls[idx], chip))) < 0)
+			err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_cs4235_controls[idx], chip));
+			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
 		}
 	} else {
 		for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_cs4236_controls); idx++) {
-			if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_cs4236_controls[idx], chip))) < 0)
+			err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_cs4236_controls[idx], chip));
+			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
 		}
 	}
@@ -1058,13 +1060,15 @@ int snd_cs4236_mixer(struct snd_wss *chip)
 		kcontrol = NULL;
 	}
 	for (idx = 0; idx < count; idx++, kcontrol++) {
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(kcontrol, chip))) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(kcontrol, chip));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 	if (chip->hardware == WSS_HW_CS4237B ||
 	    chip->hardware == WSS_HW_CS4238B) {
 		for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_cs4236_iec958_controls); idx++) {
-			if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_cs4236_iec958_controls[idx], chip))) < 0)
+			err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_cs4236_iec958_controls[idx], chip));
+			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/sound/isa/es1688/es1688_lib.c b/sound/isa/es1688/es1688_lib.c
index 1816e55c6edf..8554cb2263c1 100644
--- a/sound/isa/es1688/es1688_lib.c
+++ b/sound/isa/es1688/es1688_lib.c
@@ -971,7 +971,8 @@ int snd_es1688_mixer(struct snd_card *card, struct snd_es1688 *chip)
 	strcpy(card->mixername, snd_es1688_chip_id(chip));
 
 	for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_es1688_controls); idx++) {
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_es1688_controls[idx], chip))) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_es1688_controls[idx], chip));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 	for (idx = 0; idx < ES1688_INIT_TABLE_SIZE; idx++) {
diff --git a/sound/isa/es18xx.c b/sound/isa/es18xx.c
index 375a4a6a4717..68b9c59e1127 100644
--- a/sound/isa/es18xx.c
+++ b/sound/isa/es18xx.c
@@ -1573,7 +1573,8 @@ static int snd_es18xx_identify(struct snd_es18xx *chip)
 		udelay(10);
 		chip->ctrl_port += inb(chip->port + 0x05);
 
-		if ((chip->res_ctrl_port = request_region(chip->ctrl_port, 8, "ES18xx - CTRL")) == NULL) {
+		chip->res_ctrl_port = request_region(chip->ctrl_port, 8, "ES18xx - CTRL");
+		if (!chip->res_ctrl_port) {
 			snd_printk(KERN_ERR PFX "unable go grab port 0x%lx\n", chip->ctrl_port);
 			return -EBUSY;
 		}
@@ -1832,41 +1833,48 @@ static int snd_es18xx_mixer(struct snd_card *card)
 				break;
 			}
 		}
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl)) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 	if (chip->caps & ES18XX_PCM2) {
 		for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_es18xx_pcm2_controls); idx++) {
-			if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_es18xx_pcm2_controls[idx], chip))) < 0)
+			err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_es18xx_pcm2_controls[idx], chip));
+			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
 		} 
 	} else {
 		for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_es18xx_pcm1_controls); idx++) {
-			if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_es18xx_pcm1_controls[idx], chip))) < 0)
+			err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_es18xx_pcm1_controls[idx], chip));
+			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
 		}
 	}
 
 	if (chip->caps & ES18XX_RECMIX) {
 		for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_es18xx_recmix_controls); idx++) {
-			if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_es18xx_recmix_controls[idx], chip))) < 0)
+			err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_es18xx_recmix_controls[idx], chip));
+			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
 		}
 	}
 	switch (chip->version) {
 	default:
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_es18xx_micpre1_control, chip))) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_es18xx_micpre1_control, chip));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 		break;
 	case 0x1869:
 	case 0x1879:
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_es18xx_micpre2_control, chip))) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_es18xx_micpre2_control, chip));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 		break;
 	}
 	if (chip->caps & ES18XX_SPATIALIZER) {
 		for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_es18xx_spatializer_controls); idx++) {
-			if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_es18xx_spatializer_controls[idx], chip))) < 0)
+			err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_es18xx_spatializer_controls[idx], chip));
+			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
 		}
 	}
@@ -1879,7 +1887,8 @@ static int snd_es18xx_mixer(struct snd_card *card)
 			else
 				chip->hw_switch = kctl;
 			kctl->private_free = snd_es18xx_hwv_free;
-			if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl)) < 0)
+			err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
 			
 		}
@@ -2154,7 +2163,8 @@ static int snd_es18xx_isa_probe1(int dev, struct device *devptr)
 	err = snd_es18xx_card_new(devptr, dev, &card);
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
-	if ((err = snd_audiodrive_probe(card, dev)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_audiodrive_probe(card, dev);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -2169,19 +2179,22 @@ static int snd_es18xx_isa_probe(struct device *pdev, unsigned int dev)
 	static const int possible_dmas[] = {1, 0, 3, 5, -1};
 
 	if (irq[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ) {
-		if ((irq[dev] = snd_legacy_find_free_irq(possible_irqs)) < 0) {
+		irq[dev] = snd_legacy_find_free_irq(possible_irqs);
+		if (irq[dev] < 0) {
 			snd_printk(KERN_ERR PFX "unable to find a free IRQ\n");
 			return -EBUSY;
 		}
 	}
 	if (dma1[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_DMA) {
-		if ((dma1[dev] = snd_legacy_find_free_dma(possible_dmas)) < 0) {
+		dma1[dev] = snd_legacy_find_free_dma(possible_dmas);
+		if (dma1[dev] < 0) {
 			snd_printk(KERN_ERR PFX "unable to find a free DMA1\n");
 			return -EBUSY;
 		}
 	}
 	if (dma2[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_DMA) {
-		if ((dma2[dev] = snd_legacy_find_free_dma(possible_dmas)) < 0) {
+		dma2[dev] = snd_legacy_find_free_dma(possible_dmas);
+		if (dma2[dev] < 0) {
 			snd_printk(KERN_ERR PFX "unable to find a free DMA2\n");
 			return -EBUSY;
 		}
@@ -2257,11 +2270,13 @@ static int snd_audiodrive_pnp_detect(struct pnp_dev *pdev,
 	err = snd_es18xx_card_new(&pdev->dev, dev, &card);
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
-	if ((err = snd_audiodrive_pnp(dev, card->private_data, pdev)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_audiodrive_pnp(dev, card->private_data, pdev);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
-	if ((err = snd_audiodrive_probe(card, dev)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_audiodrive_probe(card, dev);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -2315,11 +2330,13 @@ static int snd_audiodrive_pnpc_detect(struct pnp_card_link *pcard,
 	if (res < 0)
 		return res;
 
-	if ((res = snd_audiodrive_pnpc(dev, card->private_data, pcard, pid)) < 0) {
+	res = snd_audiodrive_pnpc(dev, card->private_data, pcard, pid);
+	if (res < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return res;
 	}
-	if ((res = snd_audiodrive_probe(card, dev)) < 0) {
+	res = snd_audiodrive_probe(card, dev);
+	if (res < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return res;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/isa/gus/gus_main.c b/sound/isa/gus/gus_main.c
index b7518122a10d..3b46490271fe 100644
--- a/sound/isa/gus/gus_main.c
+++ b/sound/isa/gus/gus_main.c
@@ -156,12 +156,14 @@ int snd_gus_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	gus->gf1.reg_timerctrl = GUSP(gus, TIMERCNTRL);
 	gus->gf1.reg_timerdata = GUSP(gus, TIMERDATA);
 	/* allocate resources */
-	if ((gus->gf1.res_port1 = request_region(port, 16, "GUS GF1 (Adlib/SB)")) == NULL) {
+	gus->gf1.res_port1 = request_region(port, 16, "GUS GF1 (Adlib/SB)");
+	if (!gus->gf1.res_port1) {
 		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "gus: can't grab SB port 0x%lx\n", port);
 		snd_gus_free(gus);
 		return -EBUSY;
 	}
-	if ((gus->gf1.res_port2 = request_region(port + 0x100, 12, "GUS GF1 (Synth)")) == NULL) {
+	gus->gf1.res_port2 = request_region(port + 0x100, 12, "GUS GF1 (Synth)");
+	if (!gus->gf1.res_port2) {
 		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "gus: can't grab synth port 0x%lx\n", port + 0x100);
 		snd_gus_free(gus);
 		return -EBUSY;
@@ -206,7 +208,8 @@ int snd_gus_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	gus->gf1.pcm_channels = pcm_channels;
 	gus->gf1.volume_ramp = 25;
 	gus->gf1.smooth_pan = 1;
-	if ((err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, gus, &ops)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, gus, &ops);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_gus_free(gus);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -384,7 +387,7 @@ static int snd_gus_check_version(struct snd_gus_card * gus)
 			}
 		}
 	}
-	strcpy(card->shortname, card->longname);
+	strscpy(card->shortname, card->longname, sizeof(card->shortname));
 	gus->uart_enable = 1;	/* standard GUSes doesn't have midi uart trouble */
 	snd_gus_init_control(gus);
 	return 0;
@@ -395,14 +398,17 @@ int snd_gus_initialize(struct snd_gus_card *gus)
 	int err;
 
 	if (!gus->interwave) {
-		if ((err = snd_gus_check_version(gus)) < 0) {
+		err = snd_gus_check_version(gus);
+		if (err < 0) {
 			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "version check failed\n");
 			return err;
 		}
-		if ((err = snd_gus_detect_memory(gus)) < 0)
+		err = snd_gus_detect_memory(gus);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
-	if ((err = snd_gus_init_dma_irq(gus, 1)) < 0)
+	err = snd_gus_init_dma_irq(gus, 1);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	snd_gf1_start(gus);
 	gus->initialized = 1;
diff --git a/sound/isa/gus/gus_mem.c b/sound/isa/gus/gus_mem.c
index cb02d18dde60..ff9480f249fe 100644
--- a/sound/isa/gus/gus_mem.c
+++ b/sound/isa/gus/gus_mem.c
@@ -210,7 +210,8 @@ int snd_gf1_mem_free(struct snd_gf1_mem * alloc, unsigned int address)
 	struct snd_gf1_mem_block *block;
 
 	snd_gf1_mem_lock(alloc, 0);
-	if ((block = snd_gf1_mem_look(alloc, address)) != NULL) {
+	block = snd_gf1_mem_look(alloc, address);
+	if (block) {
 		result = snd_gf1_mem_xfree(alloc, block);
 		snd_gf1_mem_lock(alloc, 1);
 		return result;
diff --git a/sound/isa/gus/gus_mixer.c b/sound/isa/gus/gus_mixer.c
index 201d0c40d0d9..03f9cfcbf601 100644
--- a/sound/isa/gus/gus_mixer.c
+++ b/sound/isa/gus/gus_mixer.c
@@ -162,12 +162,14 @@ int snd_gf1_new_mixer(struct snd_gus_card * gus)
 	if (!gus->ics_flag) {
 		max = gus->ess_flag ? 1 : ARRAY_SIZE(snd_gf1_controls);
 		for (idx = 0; idx < max; idx++) {
-			if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_gf1_controls[idx], gus))) < 0)
+			err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_gf1_controls[idx], gus));
+			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
 		}
 	} else {
 		for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ics_controls); idx++) {
-			if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_ics_controls[idx], gus))) < 0)
+			err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_ics_controls[idx], gus));
+			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/sound/isa/gus/gus_pcm.c b/sound/isa/gus/gus_pcm.c
index aca4ab90e5bc..230f65a0e4b0 100644
--- a/sound/isa/gus/gus_pcm.c
+++ b/sound/isa/gus/gus_pcm.c
@@ -430,17 +430,19 @@ static int snd_gf1_pcm_playback_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
 			snd_gf1_mem_free(&gus->gf1.mem_alloc, pcmp->memory);
 			pcmp->memory = 0;
 		}
-		if ((block = snd_gf1_mem_alloc(&gus->gf1.mem_alloc,
-		                               SNDRV_GF1_MEM_OWNER_DRIVER,
-					       "GF1 PCM",
-		                               runtime->dma_bytes, 1, 32,
-		                               NULL)) == NULL)
+		block = snd_gf1_mem_alloc(&gus->gf1.mem_alloc,
+					  SNDRV_GF1_MEM_OWNER_DRIVER,
+					  "GF1 PCM",
+					  runtime->dma_bytes, 1, 32,
+					  NULL);
+		if (!block)
 			return -ENOMEM;
 		pcmp->memory = block->ptr;
 	}
 	pcmp->voices = params_channels(hw_params);
 	if (pcmp->pvoices[0] == NULL) {
-		if ((pcmp->pvoices[0] = snd_gf1_alloc_voice(pcmp->gus, SNDRV_GF1_VOICE_TYPE_PCM, 0, 0)) == NULL)
+		pcmp->pvoices[0] = snd_gf1_alloc_voice(pcmp->gus, SNDRV_GF1_VOICE_TYPE_PCM, 0, 0);
+		if (!pcmp->pvoices[0])
 			return -ENOMEM;
 		pcmp->pvoices[0]->handler_wave = snd_gf1_pcm_interrupt_wave;
 		pcmp->pvoices[0]->handler_volume = snd_gf1_pcm_interrupt_volume;
@@ -448,7 +450,8 @@ static int snd_gf1_pcm_playback_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
 		pcmp->pvoices[0]->private_data = pcmp;
 	}
 	if (pcmp->voices > 1 && pcmp->pvoices[1] == NULL) {
-		if ((pcmp->pvoices[1] = snd_gf1_alloc_voice(pcmp->gus, SNDRV_GF1_VOICE_TYPE_PCM, 0, 0)) == NULL)
+		pcmp->pvoices[1] = snd_gf1_alloc_voice(pcmp->gus, SNDRV_GF1_VOICE_TYPE_PCM, 0, 0);
+		if (!pcmp->pvoices[1])
 			return -ENOMEM;
 		pcmp->pvoices[1]->handler_wave = snd_gf1_pcm_interrupt_wave;
 		pcmp->pvoices[1]->handler_volume = snd_gf1_pcm_interrupt_volume;
@@ -689,7 +692,8 @@ static int snd_gf1_pcm_playback_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 	printk(KERN_DEBUG "playback.buffer = 0x%lx, gf1.pcm_buffer = 0x%lx\n",
 	       (long) pcm->playback.buffer, (long) gus->gf1.pcm_buffer);
 #endif
-	if ((err = snd_gf1_dma_init(gus)) < 0)
+	err = snd_gf1_dma_init(gus);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	pcmp->flags = SNDRV_GF1_PCM_PFLG_NONE;
 	pcmp->substream = substream;
@@ -888,7 +892,8 @@ int snd_gf1_pcm_new(struct snd_gus_card *gus, int pcm_dev, int control_index)
 		kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_gf1_pcm_volume_control1, gus);
 	else
 		kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_gf1_pcm_volume_control, gus);
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl)) < 0)
+	err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	kctl->id.index = control_index;
 
diff --git a/sound/isa/gus/gus_uart.c b/sound/isa/gus/gus_uart.c
index 4fb4ed79e262..3975848160e7 100644
--- a/sound/isa/gus/gus_uart.c
+++ b/sound/isa/gus/gus_uart.c
@@ -232,7 +232,8 @@ int snd_gf1_rawmidi_new(struct snd_gus_card *gus, int device)
 	struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_rawmidi_new(gus->card, "GF1", device, 1, 1, &rmidi)) < 0)
+	err = snd_rawmidi_new(gus->card, "GF1", device, 1, 1, &rmidi);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	strcpy(rmidi->name, gus->interwave ? "AMD InterWave" : "GF1");
 	snd_rawmidi_set_ops(rmidi, SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_OUTPUT, &snd_gf1_uart_output);
diff --git a/sound/isa/gus/gusclassic.c b/sound/isa/gus/gusclassic.c
index 0fba5d8fe84f..bca1caa4968c 100644
--- a/sound/isa/gus/gusclassic.c
+++ b/sound/isa/gus/gusclassic.c
@@ -113,14 +113,16 @@ static int snd_gusclassic_detect(struct snd_gus_card *gus)
 	unsigned char d;
 
 	snd_gf1_i_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_RESET, 0);	/* reset GF1 */
-	if (((d = snd_gf1_i_look8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_RESET)) & 0x07) != 0) {
+	d = snd_gf1_i_look8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_RESET);
+	if ((d & 0x07) != 0) {
 		snd_printdd("[0x%lx] check 1 failed - 0x%x\n", gus->gf1.port, d);
 		return -ENODEV;
 	}
 	udelay(160);
 	snd_gf1_i_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_RESET, 1);	/* release reset */
 	udelay(160);
-	if (((d = snd_gf1_i_look8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_RESET)) & 0x07) != 1) {
+	d = snd_gf1_i_look8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_RESET);
+	if ((d & 0x07) != 1) {
 		snd_printdd("[0x%lx] check 2 failed - 0x%x\n", gus->gf1.port, d);
 		return -ENODEV;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/isa/gus/gusextreme.c b/sound/isa/gus/gusextreme.c
index da2b2ca6b721..a409a4a29afc 100644
--- a/sound/isa/gus/gusextreme.c
+++ b/sound/isa/gus/gusextreme.c
@@ -177,14 +177,16 @@ static int snd_gusextreme_detect(struct snd_gus_card *gus,
 	udelay(100);
 
 	snd_gf1_i_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_RESET, 0);	/* reset GF1 */
-	if (((d = snd_gf1_i_look8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_RESET)) & 0x07) != 0) {
+	d = snd_gf1_i_look8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_RESET);
+	if ((d & 0x07) != 0) {
 		snd_printdd("[0x%lx] check 1 failed - 0x%x\n", gus->gf1.port, d);
 		return -EIO;
 	}
 	udelay(160);
 	snd_gf1_i_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_RESET, 1);	/* release reset */
 	udelay(160);
-	if (((d = snd_gf1_i_look8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_RESET)) & 0x07) != 1) {
+	d = snd_gf1_i_look8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_RESET);
+	if ((d & 0x07) != 1) {
 		snd_printdd("[0x%lx] check 2 failed - 0x%x\n", gus->gf1.port, d);
 		return -EIO;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/isa/gus/gusmax.c b/sound/isa/gus/gusmax.c
index 24b945f1768d..ad118d462142 100644
--- a/sound/isa/gus/gusmax.c
+++ b/sound/isa/gus/gusmax.c
@@ -71,14 +71,16 @@ static int snd_gusmax_detect(struct snd_gus_card *gus)
 	unsigned char d;
 
 	snd_gf1_i_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_RESET, 0);	/* reset GF1 */
-	if (((d = snd_gf1_i_look8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_RESET)) & 0x07) != 0) {
+	d = snd_gf1_i_look8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_RESET);
+	if ((d & 0x07) != 0) {
 		snd_printdd("[0x%lx] check 1 failed - 0x%x\n", gus->gf1.port, d);
 		return -ENODEV;
 	}
 	udelay(160);
 	snd_gf1_i_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_RESET, 1);	/* release reset */
 	udelay(160);
-	if (((d = snd_gf1_i_look8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_RESET)) & 0x07) != 1) {
+	d = snd_gf1_i_look8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_RESET);
+	if ((d & 0x07) != 1) {
 		snd_printdd("[0x%lx] check 2 failed - 0x%x\n", gus->gf1.port, d);
 		return -ENODEV;
 	}
@@ -136,20 +138,24 @@ static int snd_gusmax_mixer(struct snd_wss *chip)
 	/* reassign AUXA to SYNTHESIZER */
 	strcpy(id1.name, "Aux Playback Switch");
 	strcpy(id2.name, "Synth Playback Switch");
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2)) < 0)
+	err = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	strcpy(id1.name, "Aux Playback Volume");
 	strcpy(id2.name, "Synth Playback Volume");
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2)) < 0)
+	err = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	/* reassign AUXB to CD */
 	strcpy(id1.name, "Aux Playback Switch"); id1.index = 1;
 	strcpy(id2.name, "CD Playback Switch");
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2)) < 0)
+	err = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	strcpy(id1.name, "Aux Playback Volume");
 	strcpy(id2.name, "CD Playback Volume");
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2)) < 0)
+	err = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 #if 0
 	/* reassign Mono Input to MIC */
@@ -209,7 +215,8 @@ static int snd_gusmax_probe(struct device *pdev, unsigned int dev)
 	
 	xirq = irq[dev];
 	if (xirq == SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ) {
-		if ((xirq = snd_legacy_find_free_irq(possible_irqs)) < 0) {
+		xirq = snd_legacy_find_free_irq(possible_irqs);
+		if (xirq < 0) {
 			snd_printk(KERN_ERR PFX "unable to find a free IRQ\n");
 			err = -EBUSY;
 			goto _err;
@@ -217,7 +224,8 @@ static int snd_gusmax_probe(struct device *pdev, unsigned int dev)
 	}
 	xdma1 = dma1[dev];
 	if (xdma1 == SNDRV_AUTO_DMA) {
-		if ((xdma1 = snd_legacy_find_free_dma(possible_dmas)) < 0) {
+		xdma1 = snd_legacy_find_free_dma(possible_dmas);
+		if (xdma1 < 0) {
 			snd_printk(KERN_ERR PFX "unable to find a free DMA1\n");
 			err = -EBUSY;
 			goto _err;
@@ -225,7 +233,8 @@ static int snd_gusmax_probe(struct device *pdev, unsigned int dev)
 	}
 	xdma2 = dma2[dev];
 	if (xdma2 == SNDRV_AUTO_DMA) {
-		if ((xdma2 = snd_legacy_find_free_dma(possible_dmas)) < 0) {
+		xdma2 = snd_legacy_find_free_dma(possible_dmas);
+		if (xdma2 < 0) {
 			snd_printk(KERN_ERR PFX "unable to find a free DMA2\n");
 			err = -EBUSY;
 			goto _err;
@@ -260,13 +269,15 @@ static int snd_gusmax_probe(struct device *pdev, unsigned int dev)
 	if (err < 0)
 		goto _err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_gusmax_detect(gus)) < 0)
+	err = snd_gusmax_detect(gus);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto _err;
 
 	maxcard->gus_status_reg = gus->gf1.reg_irqstat;
 	maxcard->pcm_status_reg = gus->gf1.port + 0x10c + 2;
 	snd_gusmax_init(dev, card, gus);
-	if ((err = snd_gus_initialize(gus)) < 0)
+	err = snd_gus_initialize(gus);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto _err;
 
 	if (!gus->max_flag) {
@@ -307,7 +318,8 @@ static int snd_gusmax_probe(struct device *pdev, unsigned int dev)
 		goto _err;
 
 	if (pcm_channels[dev] > 0) {
-		if ((err = snd_gf1_pcm_new(gus, 1, 1)) < 0)
+		err = snd_gf1_pcm_new(gus, 1, 1);
+		if (err < 0)
 			goto _err;
 	}
 	err = snd_gusmax_mixer(wss);
diff --git a/sound/isa/gus/interwave.c b/sound/isa/gus/interwave.c
index 99581fba4ca8..755de47d0bb6 100644
--- a/sound/isa/gus/interwave.c
+++ b/sound/isa/gus/interwave.c
@@ -204,7 +204,8 @@ static int snd_interwave_detect_stb(struct snd_interwave *iwcard,
 			port = 0x360;
 		}
 		while (port <= 0x380) {
-			if ((iwcard->i2c_res = request_region(port, 1, "InterWave (I2C bus)")) != NULL)
+			iwcard->i2c_res = request_region(port, 1, "InterWave (I2C bus)");
+			if (iwcard->i2c_res)
 				break;
 			port += 0x10;
 		}
@@ -217,11 +218,13 @@ static int snd_interwave_detect_stb(struct snd_interwave *iwcard,
 	}
 
 	sprintf(name, "InterWave-%i", card->number);
-	if ((err = snd_i2c_bus_create(card, name, NULL, &bus)) < 0)
+	err = snd_i2c_bus_create(card, name, NULL, &bus);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	bus->private_value = port;
 	bus->hw_ops.bit = &snd_interwave_i2c_bit_ops;
-	if ((err = snd_tea6330t_detect(bus, 0)) < 0)
+	err = snd_tea6330t_detect(bus, 0);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	*rbus = bus;
 	return 0;
@@ -241,14 +244,16 @@ static int snd_interwave_detect(struct snd_interwave *iwcard,
 	int d;
 
 	snd_gf1_i_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_RESET, 0);	/* reset GF1 */
-	if (((d = snd_gf1_i_look8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_RESET)) & 0x07) != 0) {
+	d = snd_gf1_i_look8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_RESET);
+	if ((d & 0x07) != 0) {
 		snd_printdd("[0x%lx] check 1 failed - 0x%x\n", gus->gf1.port, d);
 		return -ENODEV;
 	}
 	udelay(160);
 	snd_gf1_i_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_RESET, 1);	/* release reset */
 	udelay(160);
-	if (((d = snd_gf1_i_look8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_RESET)) & 0x07) != 1) {
+	d = snd_gf1_i_look8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_RESET);
+	if ((d & 0x07) != 1) {
 		snd_printdd("[0x%lx] check 2 failed - 0x%x\n", gus->gf1.port, d);
 		return -ENODEV;
 	}
@@ -493,16 +498,20 @@ static int snd_interwave_mixer(struct snd_wss *chip)
 #if 0
 	/* remove mono microphone controls */
 	strcpy(id1.name, "Mic Playback Switch");
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_remove_id(card, &id1)) < 0)
+	err = snd_ctl_remove_id(card, &id1);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	strcpy(id1.name, "Mic Playback Volume");
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_remove_id(card, &id1)) < 0)
+	err = snd_ctl_remove_id(card, &id1);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 #endif
 	/* add new master and mic controls */
-	for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_interwave_controls); idx++)
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_interwave_controls[idx], chip))) < 0)
+	for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_interwave_controls); idx++) {
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_interwave_controls[idx], chip));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
+	}
 	snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_LINE_LEFT_OUTPUT, 0x9f);
 	snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_LINE_RIGHT_OUTPUT, 0x9f);
 	snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_LEFT_MIC_INPUT, 0x9f);
@@ -510,20 +519,24 @@ static int snd_interwave_mixer(struct snd_wss *chip)
 	/* reassign AUXA to SYNTHESIZER */
 	strcpy(id1.name, "Aux Playback Switch");
 	strcpy(id2.name, "Synth Playback Switch");
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2)) < 0)
+	err = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	strcpy(id1.name, "Aux Playback Volume");
 	strcpy(id2.name, "Synth Playback Volume");
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2)) < 0)
+	err = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	/* reassign AUXB to CD */
 	strcpy(id1.name, "Aux Playback Switch"); id1.index = 1;
 	strcpy(id2.name, "CD Playback Switch");
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2)) < 0)
+	err = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	strcpy(id1.name, "Aux Playback Volume");
 	strcpy(id2.name, "CD Playback Volume");
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2)) < 0)
+	err = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -633,18 +646,20 @@ static int snd_interwave_probe(struct snd_card *card, int dev)
 	xdma1 = dma1[dev];
 	xdma2 = dma2[dev];
 
-	if ((err = snd_gus_create(card,
-				  port[dev],
-				  -xirq, xdma1, xdma2,
-				  0, 32,
-				  pcm_channels[dev], effect[dev], &gus)) < 0)
+	err = snd_gus_create(card,
+			     port[dev],
+			     -xirq, xdma1, xdma2,
+			     0, 32,
+			     pcm_channels[dev], effect[dev], &gus);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_interwave_detect(iwcard, gus, dev
+	err = snd_interwave_detect(iwcard, gus, dev
 #ifdef SNDRV_STB
-            , &i2c_bus
+				   , &i2c_bus
 #endif
-	    )) < 0)
+				   );
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	iwcard->gus_status_reg = gus->gf1.reg_irqstat;
@@ -652,7 +667,8 @@ static int snd_interwave_probe(struct snd_card *card, int dev)
 
 	snd_interwave_init(dev, gus);
 	snd_interwave_detect_memory(gus);
-	if ((err = snd_gus_initialize(gus)) < 0)
+	err = snd_gus_initialize(gus);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	if (request_irq(xirq, snd_interwave_interrupt, 0,
@@ -708,19 +724,23 @@ static int snd_interwave_probe(struct snd_card *card, int dev)
 		strcpy(id1.name, "Master Playback Switch");
 		strcpy(id2.name, id1.name);
 		id2.index = 1;
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2)) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 		strcpy(id1.name, "Master Playback Volume");
 		strcpy(id2.name, id1.name);
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2)) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
-		if ((err = snd_tea6330t_update_mixer(card, i2c_bus, 0, 1)) < 0)
+		err = snd_tea6330t_update_mixer(card, i2c_bus, 0, 1);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 #endif
 
 	gus->uart_enable = midi[dev];
-	if ((err = snd_gf1_rawmidi_new(gus, 0)) < 0)
+	err = snd_gf1_rawmidi_new(gus, 0);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 #ifndef SNDRV_STB
@@ -758,7 +778,8 @@ static int snd_interwave_isa_probe1(int dev, struct device *devptr)
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_interwave_probe(card, dev)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_interwave_probe(card, dev);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -786,19 +807,22 @@ static int snd_interwave_isa_probe(struct device *pdev,
 	static const int possible_dmas[] = {0, 1, 3, 5, 6, 7, -1};
 
 	if (irq[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ) {
-		if ((irq[dev] = snd_legacy_find_free_irq(possible_irqs)) < 0) {
+		irq[dev] = snd_legacy_find_free_irq(possible_irqs);
+		if (irq[dev] < 0) {
 			snd_printk(KERN_ERR PFX "unable to find a free IRQ\n");
 			return -EBUSY;
 		}
 	}
 	if (dma1[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_DMA) {
-		if ((dma1[dev] = snd_legacy_find_free_dma(possible_dmas)) < 0) {
+		dma1[dev] = snd_legacy_find_free_dma(possible_dmas);
+		if (dma1[dev] < 0) {
 			snd_printk(KERN_ERR PFX "unable to find a free DMA1\n");
 			return -EBUSY;
 		}
 	}
 	if (dma2[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_DMA) {
-		if ((dma2[dev] = snd_legacy_find_free_dma(possible_dmas)) < 0) {
+		dma2[dev] = snd_legacy_find_free_dma(possible_dmas);
+		if (dma2[dev] < 0) {
 			snd_printk(KERN_ERR PFX "unable to find a free DMA2\n");
 			return -EBUSY;
 		}
@@ -853,11 +877,13 @@ static int snd_interwave_pnp_detect(struct pnp_card_link *pcard,
 	if (res < 0)
 		return res;
 
-	if ((res = snd_interwave_pnp(dev, card->private_data, pcard, pid)) < 0) {
+	res = snd_interwave_pnp(dev, card->private_data, pcard, pid);
+	if (res < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return res;
 	}
-	if ((res = snd_interwave_probe(card, dev)) < 0) {
+	res = snd_interwave_probe(card, dev);
+	if (res < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return res;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/isa/opl3sa2.c b/sound/isa/opl3sa2.c
index 9bde11d1cfe8..6f42f869928c 100644
--- a/sound/isa/opl3sa2.c
+++ b/sound/isa/opl3sa2.c
@@ -208,7 +208,8 @@ static int snd_opl3sa2_detect(struct snd_card *card)
 	char str[2];
 
 	port = chip->port;
-	if ((chip->res_port = request_region(port, 2, "OPL3-SA control")) == NULL) {
+	chip->res_port = request_region(port, 2, "OPL3-SA control");
+	if (!chip->res_port) {
 		snd_printk(KERN_ERR PFX "can't grab port 0x%lx\n", port);
 		return -EBUSY;
 	}
@@ -239,14 +240,16 @@ static int snd_opl3sa2_detect(struct snd_card *card)
 	str[1] = 0;
 	strcat(card->shortname, str);
 	snd_opl3sa2_write(chip, OPL3SA2_MISC, tmp ^ 7);
-	if ((tmp1 = snd_opl3sa2_read(chip, OPL3SA2_MISC)) != tmp) {
+	tmp1 = snd_opl3sa2_read(chip, OPL3SA2_MISC);
+	if (tmp1 != tmp) {
 		snd_printd("OPL3-SA [0x%lx] detect (1) = 0x%x (0x%x)\n", port, tmp, tmp1);
 		return -ENODEV;
 	}
 	/* try if the MIC register is accessible */
 	tmp = snd_opl3sa2_read(chip, OPL3SA2_MIC);
 	snd_opl3sa2_write(chip, OPL3SA2_MIC, 0x8a);
-	if (((tmp1 = snd_opl3sa2_read(chip, OPL3SA2_MIC)) & 0x9f) != 0x8a) {
+	tmp1 = snd_opl3sa2_read(chip, OPL3SA2_MIC);
+	if ((tmp1 & 0x9f) != 0x8a) {
 		snd_printd("OPL3-SA [0x%lx] detect (2) = 0x%x (0x%x)\n", port, tmp, tmp1);
 		return -ENODEV;
 	}
@@ -489,32 +492,38 @@ static int snd_opl3sa2_mixer(struct snd_card *card)
 	/* reassign AUX0 to CD */
         strcpy(id1.name, "Aux Playback Switch");
         strcpy(id2.name, "CD Playback Switch");
-        if ((err = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "Cannot rename opl3sa2 control\n");
                 return err;
 	}
         strcpy(id1.name, "Aux Playback Volume");
         strcpy(id2.name, "CD Playback Volume");
-        if ((err = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "Cannot rename opl3sa2 control\n");
                 return err;
 	}
 	/* reassign AUX1 to FM */
         strcpy(id1.name, "Aux Playback Switch"); id1.index = 1;
         strcpy(id2.name, "FM Playback Switch");
-        if ((err = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "Cannot rename opl3sa2 control\n");
                 return err;
 	}
         strcpy(id1.name, "Aux Playback Volume");
         strcpy(id2.name, "FM Playback Volume");
-        if ((err = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "Cannot rename opl3sa2 control\n");
                 return err;
 	}
 	/* add OPL3SA2 controls */
 	for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_opl3sa2_controls); idx++) {
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_opl3sa2_controls[idx], chip))) < 0)
+		kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_opl3sa2_controls[idx], chip);
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 		switch (idx) {
 		case 0: chip->master_switch = kctl; kctl->private_free = snd_opl3sa2_master_free; break;
@@ -522,9 +531,11 @@ static int snd_opl3sa2_mixer(struct snd_card *card)
 		}
 	}
 	if (chip->version > 2) {
-		for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_opl3sa2_tone_controls); idx++)
-			if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_opl3sa2_tone_controls[idx], chip))) < 0)
+		for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_opl3sa2_tone_controls); idx++) {
+			err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_opl3sa2_tone_controls[idx], chip));
+			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
+		}
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -677,20 +688,24 @@ static int snd_opl3sa2_probe(struct snd_card *card, int dev)
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	if (fm_port[dev] >= 0x340 && fm_port[dev] < 0x400) {
-		if ((err = snd_opl3_create(card, fm_port[dev],
-					   fm_port[dev] + 2,
-					   OPL3_HW_OPL3, 0, &opl3)) < 0)
+		err = snd_opl3_create(card, fm_port[dev],
+				      fm_port[dev] + 2,
+				      OPL3_HW_OPL3, 0, &opl3);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
-		if ((err = snd_opl3_timer_new(opl3, 1, 2)) < 0)
+		err = snd_opl3_timer_new(opl3, 1, 2);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
-		if ((err = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, 1, &chip->synth)) < 0)
+		err = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, 1, &chip->synth);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 	if (midi_port[dev] >= 0x300 && midi_port[dev] < 0x340) {
-		if ((err = snd_mpu401_uart_new(card, 0, MPU401_HW_OPL3SA2,
-					       midi_port[dev],
-					       MPU401_INFO_IRQ_HOOK, -1,
-					       &chip->rmidi)) < 0)
+		err = snd_mpu401_uart_new(card, 0, MPU401_HW_OPL3SA2,
+					  midi_port[dev],
+					  MPU401_INFO_IRQ_HOOK, -1,
+					  &chip->rmidi);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 	sprintf(card->longname, "%s at 0x%lx, irq %d, dma %d",
@@ -721,11 +736,13 @@ static int snd_opl3sa2_pnp_detect(struct pnp_dev *pdev,
 	err = snd_opl3sa2_card_new(&pdev->dev, dev, &card);
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
-	if ((err = snd_opl3sa2_pnp(dev, card->private_data, pdev)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_opl3sa2_pnp(dev, card->private_data, pdev);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
-	if ((err = snd_opl3sa2_probe(card, dev)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_opl3sa2_probe(card, dev);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -785,11 +802,13 @@ static int snd_opl3sa2_pnp_cdetect(struct pnp_card_link *pcard,
 	err = snd_opl3sa2_card_new(&pdev->dev, dev, &card);
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
-	if ((err = snd_opl3sa2_pnp(dev, card->private_data, pdev)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_opl3sa2_pnp(dev, card->private_data, pdev);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
-	if ((err = snd_opl3sa2_probe(card, dev)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_opl3sa2_probe(card, dev);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -865,7 +884,8 @@ static int snd_opl3sa2_isa_probe(struct device *pdev,
 	err = snd_opl3sa2_card_new(pdev, dev, &card);
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
-	if ((err = snd_opl3sa2_probe(card, dev)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_opl3sa2_probe(card, dev);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/isa/opti9xx/miro.c b/sound/isa/opti9xx/miro.c
index a510b201143c..e1fb7567fdcc 100644
--- a/sound/isa/opti9xx/miro.c
+++ b/sound/isa/opti9xx/miro.c
@@ -722,35 +722,43 @@ static int snd_miro_mixer(struct snd_card *card,
 	}
 
 	for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_miro_controls); idx++) {
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_miro_controls[idx], miro))) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_miro_controls[idx], miro));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 
 	if ((miro->aci->aci_product == 'A') ||
 	    (miro->aci->aci_product == 'B')) {
 		/* PCM1/PCM12 with power-amp and Line 2 */
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_miro_line_control[0], miro))) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_miro_line_control[0], miro));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_miro_amp_control[0], miro))) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_miro_amp_control[0], miro));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 
 	if ((miro->aci->aci_product == 'B') ||
 	    (miro->aci->aci_product == 'C')) {
 		/* PCM12/PCM20 with mic-preamp */
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_miro_preamp_control[0], miro))) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_miro_preamp_control[0], miro));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
-		if (miro->aci->aci_version >= 176)
-			if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_miro_capture_control[0], miro))) < 0)
+		if (miro->aci->aci_version >= 176) {
+			err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_miro_capture_control[0], miro));
+			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
+		}
 	}
 
 	if (miro->aci->aci_product == 'C') {
 		/* PCM20 with radio and 7 band equalizer */
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_miro_radio_control[0], miro))) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_miro_radio_control[0], miro));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 		for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_miro_eq_controls); idx++) {
-			if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_miro_eq_controls[idx], miro))) < 0)
+			err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_miro_eq_controls[idx], miro));
+			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
 		}
 	}
@@ -1178,7 +1186,8 @@ static int snd_card_miro_detect(struct snd_card *card,
 
 	for (i = OPTi9XX_HW_82C929; i <= OPTi9XX_HW_82C924; i++) {
 
-		if ((err = snd_miro_init(chip, i)) < 0)
+		err = snd_miro_init(chip, i);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 
 		err = snd_miro_opti_check(chip);
diff --git a/sound/isa/opti9xx/opti92x-ad1848.c b/sound/isa/opti9xx/opti92x-ad1848.c
index 08e61d90057b..4bd1dc6707fc 100644
--- a/sound/isa/opti9xx/opti92x-ad1848.c
+++ b/sound/isa/opti9xx/opti92x-ad1848.c
@@ -970,32 +970,37 @@ static int snd_opti9xx_isa_probe(struct device *devptr,
 #endif	/* CS4231 || OPTi93X */
 
 	if (mpu_port == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
-		if ((mpu_port = snd_legacy_find_free_ioport(possible_mpu_ports, 2)) < 0) {
+		mpu_port = snd_legacy_find_free_ioport(possible_mpu_ports, 2);
+		if (mpu_port < 0) {
 			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "unable to find a free MPU401 port\n");
 			return -EBUSY;
 		}
 	}
 	if (irq == SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ) {
-		if ((irq = snd_legacy_find_free_irq(possible_irqs)) < 0) {
+		irq = snd_legacy_find_free_irq(possible_irqs);
+		if (irq < 0) {
 			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "unable to find a free IRQ\n");
 			return -EBUSY;
 		}
 	}
 	if (mpu_irq == SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ) {
-		if ((mpu_irq = snd_legacy_find_free_irq(possible_mpu_irqs)) < 0) {
+		mpu_irq = snd_legacy_find_free_irq(possible_mpu_irqs);
+		if (mpu_irq < 0) {
 			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "unable to find a free MPU401 IRQ\n");
 			return -EBUSY;
 		}
 	}
 	if (dma1 == SNDRV_AUTO_DMA) {
-		if ((dma1 = snd_legacy_find_free_dma(possible_dma1s)) < 0) {
+		dma1 = snd_legacy_find_free_dma(possible_dma1s);
+		if (dma1 < 0) {
 			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "unable to find a free DMA1\n");
 			return -EBUSY;
 		}
 	}
 #if defined(CS4231) || defined(OPTi93X)
 	if (dma2 == SNDRV_AUTO_DMA) {
-		if ((dma2 = snd_legacy_find_free_dma(possible_dma2s[dma1 % 4])) < 0) {
+		dma2 = snd_legacy_find_free_dma(possible_dma2s[dma1 % 4]);
+		if (dma2 < 0) {
 			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "unable to find a free DMA2\n");
 			return -EBUSY;
 		}
@@ -1006,11 +1011,13 @@ static int snd_opti9xx_isa_probe(struct device *devptr,
 	if (error < 0)
 		return error;
 
-	if ((error = snd_card_opti9xx_detect(card, card->private_data)) < 0) {
+	error = snd_card_opti9xx_detect(card, card->private_data);
+	if (error < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return error;
 	}
-	if ((error = snd_opti9xx_probe(card)) < 0) {
+	error = snd_opti9xx_probe(card);
+	if (error < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return error;
 	}
@@ -1111,7 +1118,8 @@ static int snd_opti9xx_pnp_probe(struct pnp_card_link *pcard,
 		return -ENODEV;
 	}
 
-	if ((error = snd_opti9xx_init(chip, hw))) {
+	error = snd_opti9xx_init(chip, hw);
+	if (error) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return error;
 	}
@@ -1121,7 +1129,8 @@ static int snd_opti9xx_pnp_probe(struct pnp_card_link *pcard,
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return error;
 	}
-	if ((error = snd_opti9xx_probe(card)) < 0) {
+	error = snd_opti9xx_probe(card);
+	if (error < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return error;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/isa/sb/emu8000.c b/sound/isa/sb/emu8000.c
index 1c90421a88dc..5e4187940265 100644
--- a/sound/isa/sb/emu8000.c
+++ b/sound/isa/sb/emu8000.c
@@ -1020,6 +1020,7 @@ static const struct snd_kcontrol_new *mixer_defs[EMU8000_NUM_CONTROLS] = {
 static int
 snd_emu8000_create_mixer(struct snd_card *card, struct snd_emu8000 *emu)
 {
+	struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;
 	int i, err = 0;
 
 	if (snd_BUG_ON(!emu || !card))
@@ -1029,10 +1030,11 @@ snd_emu8000_create_mixer(struct snd_card *card, struct snd_emu8000 *emu)
 
 	memset(emu->controls, 0, sizeof(emu->controls));
 	for (i = 0; i < EMU8000_NUM_CONTROLS; i++) {
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, emu->controls[i] = snd_ctl_new1(mixer_defs[i], emu))) < 0) {
-			emu->controls[i] = NULL;
+		kctl = snd_ctl_new1(mixer_defs[i], emu);
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+		if (err < 0)
 			goto __error;
-		}
+		emu->controls[i] = kctl;
 	}
 	return 0;
 
@@ -1095,9 +1097,10 @@ snd_emu8000_new(struct snd_card *card, int index, long port, int seq_ports,
 	hw->port1 = port;
 	hw->port2 = port + 0x400;
 	hw->port3 = port + 0x800;
-	if (!(hw->res_port1 = request_region(hw->port1, 4, "Emu8000-1")) ||
-	    !(hw->res_port2 = request_region(hw->port2, 4, "Emu8000-2")) ||
-	    !(hw->res_port3 = request_region(hw->port3, 4, "Emu8000-3"))) {
+	hw->res_port1 = request_region(hw->port1, 4, "Emu8000-1");
+	hw->res_port2 = request_region(hw->port2, 4, "Emu8000-2");
+	hw->res_port3 = request_region(hw->port3, 4, "Emu8000-3");
+	if (!hw->res_port1 || !hw->res_port2 || !hw->res_port3) {
 		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "sbawe: can't grab ports 0x%lx, 0x%lx, 0x%lx\n", hw->port1, hw->port2, hw->port3);
 		snd_emu8000_free(hw);
 		return -EBUSY;
@@ -1118,12 +1121,14 @@ snd_emu8000_new(struct snd_card *card, int index, long port, int seq_ports,
 	}
 
 	snd_emu8000_init_hw(hw);
-	if ((err = snd_emu8000_create_mixer(card, hw)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_emu8000_create_mixer(card, hw);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_emu8000_free(hw);
 		return err;
 	}
 	
-	if ((err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_CODEC, hw, &ops)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_CODEC, hw, &ops);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_emu8000_free(hw);
 		return err;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/isa/sb/emu8000_patch.c b/sound/isa/sb/emu8000_patch.c
index 0cb94cafb4c9..8c1e7f2bfc34 100644
--- a/sound/isa/sb/emu8000_patch.c
+++ b/sound/isa/sb/emu8000_patch.c
@@ -191,7 +191,8 @@ snd_emu8000_sample_new(struct snd_emux *rec, struct snd_sf_sample *sp,
 	sp->v.truesize = truesize * 2; /* in bytes */
 
 	snd_emux_terminate_all(emu->emu);
-	if ((rc = snd_emu8000_open_dma(emu, EMU8000_RAM_WRITE)) != 0)
+	rc = snd_emu8000_open_dma(emu, EMU8000_RAM_WRITE);
+	if (rc)
 		return rc;
 
 	/* Set the address to start writing at */
diff --git a/sound/isa/sb/emu8000_pcm.c b/sound/isa/sb/emu8000_pcm.c
index 8e8257c574b0..f8d90a1e989b 100644
--- a/sound/isa/sb/emu8000_pcm.c
+++ b/sound/isa/sb/emu8000_pcm.c
@@ -626,7 +626,8 @@ static int emu8k_pcm_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *subs)
 		int err, i, ch;
 
 		snd_emux_terminate_all(rec->emu->emu);
-		if ((err = emu8k_open_dram_for_pcm(rec->emu, rec->voices)) != 0)
+		err = emu8k_open_dram_for_pcm(rec->emu, rec->voices);
+		if (err)
 			return err;
 		rec->dram_opened = 1;
 
@@ -682,7 +683,8 @@ int snd_emu8000_pcm_new(struct snd_card *card, struct snd_emu8000 *emu, int inde
 	struct snd_pcm *pcm;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_new(card, "Emu8000 PCM", index, 1, 0, &pcm)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_new(card, "Emu8000 PCM", index, 1, 0, &pcm);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	pcm->private_data = emu;
 	pcm->private_free = snd_emu8000_pcm_free;
diff --git a/sound/isa/sb/sb16.c b/sound/isa/sb/sb16.c
index 63ef960abd25..d0f797c02841 100644
--- a/sound/isa/sb/sb16.c
+++ b/sound/isa/sb/sb16.c
@@ -332,14 +332,9 @@ static int snd_sb16_probe(struct snd_card *card, int dev)
 	xdma8 = dma8[dev];
 	xdma16 = dma16[dev];
 
-	if ((err = snd_sbdsp_create(card,
-				    port[dev],
-				    xirq,
-				    snd_sb16dsp_interrupt,
-				    xdma8,
-				    xdma16,
-				    SB_HW_AUTO,
-				    &chip)) < 0)
+	err = snd_sbdsp_create(card, port[dev], xirq, snd_sb16dsp_interrupt,
+			       xdma8, xdma16, SB_HW_AUTO, &chip);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	acard->chip = chip;
@@ -348,10 +343,14 @@ static int snd_sb16_probe(struct snd_card *card, int dev)
 		return -ENODEV;
 	}
 	chip->mpu_port = mpu_port[dev];
-	if (! is_isapnp_selected(dev) && (err = snd_sb16dsp_configure(chip)) < 0)
-		return err;
+	if (!is_isapnp_selected(dev)) {
+		err = snd_sb16dsp_configure(chip);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
 
-	if ((err = snd_sb16dsp_pcm(chip, 0)) < 0)
+	err = snd_sb16dsp_pcm(chip, 0);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	strcpy(card->driver,
@@ -371,10 +370,11 @@ static int snd_sb16_probe(struct snd_card *card, int dev)
 			xdma8 >= 0 ? "&" : "", xdma16);
 
 	if (chip->mpu_port > 0 && chip->mpu_port != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
-		if ((err = snd_mpu401_uart_new(card, 0, MPU401_HW_SB,
-					       chip->mpu_port,
-					       MPU401_INFO_IRQ_HOOK, -1,
-					       &chip->rmidi)) < 0)
+		err = snd_mpu401_uart_new(card, 0, MPU401_HW_SB,
+					  chip->mpu_port,
+					  MPU401_INFO_IRQ_HOOK, -1,
+					  &chip->rmidi);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 		chip->rmidi_callback = snd_mpu401_uart_interrupt;
 	}
@@ -397,12 +397,14 @@ static int snd_sb16_probe(struct snd_card *card, int dev)
 #else
 			int seqdev = 1;
 #endif
-			if ((err = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, seqdev, &synth)) < 0)
+			err = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, seqdev, &synth);
+			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
 		}
 	}
 
-	if ((err = snd_sbmixer_new(chip)) < 0)
+	err = snd_sbmixer_new(chip);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_SND_SB16_CSP
@@ -419,8 +421,9 @@ static int snd_sb16_probe(struct snd_card *card, int dev)
 #endif
 #ifdef SNDRV_SBAWE_EMU8000
 	if (awe_port[dev] > 0) {
-		if ((err = snd_emu8000_new(card, 1, awe_port[dev],
-					   seq_ports[dev], NULL)) < 0) {
+		err = snd_emu8000_new(card, 1, awe_port[dev],
+				      seq_ports[dev], NULL);
+		if (err < 0) {
 			snd_printk(KERN_ERR PFX "fatal error - EMU-8000 synthesizer not detected at 0x%lx\n", awe_port[dev]);
 
 			return err;
@@ -435,7 +438,8 @@ static int snd_sb16_probe(struct snd_card *card, int dev)
 		(mic_agc[dev] ? 0x00 : 0x01));
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->mixer_lock, flags);
 
-	if ((err = snd_card_register(card)) < 0)
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	return 0;
@@ -484,7 +488,8 @@ static int snd_sb16_isa_probe1(int dev, struct device *pdev)
 	awe_port[dev] = port[dev] + 0x400;
 #endif
 
-	if ((err = snd_sb16_probe(card, dev)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_sb16_probe(card, dev);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -506,19 +511,22 @@ static int snd_sb16_isa_probe(struct device *pdev, unsigned int dev)
 	static const int possible_dmas16[] = {5, 6, 7, -1};
 
 	if (irq[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ) {
-		if ((irq[dev] = snd_legacy_find_free_irq(possible_irqs)) < 0) {
+		irq[dev] = snd_legacy_find_free_irq(possible_irqs);
+		if (irq[dev] < 0) {
 			snd_printk(KERN_ERR PFX "unable to find a free IRQ\n");
 			return -EBUSY;
 		}
 	}
 	if (dma8[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_DMA) {
-		if ((dma8[dev] = snd_legacy_find_free_dma(possible_dmas8)) < 0) {
+		dma8[dev] = snd_legacy_find_free_dma(possible_dmas8);
+		if (dma8[dev] < 0) {
 			snd_printk(KERN_ERR PFX "unable to find a free 8-bit DMA\n");
 			return -EBUSY;
 		}
 	}
 	if (dma16[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_DMA) {
-		if ((dma16[dev] = snd_legacy_find_free_dma(possible_dmas16)) < 0) {
+		dma16[dev] = snd_legacy_find_free_dma(possible_dmas16);
+		if (dma16[dev] < 0) {
 			snd_printk(KERN_ERR PFX "unable to find a free 16-bit DMA\n");
 			return -EBUSY;
 		}
@@ -591,8 +599,13 @@ static int snd_sb16_pnp_detect(struct pnp_card_link *pcard,
 		res = snd_sb16_card_new(&pcard->card->dev, dev, &card);
 		if (res < 0)
 			return res;
-		if ((res = snd_card_sb16_pnp(dev, card->private_data, pcard, pid)) < 0 ||
-		    (res = snd_sb16_probe(card, dev)) < 0) {
+		res = snd_card_sb16_pnp(dev, card->private_data, pcard, pid);
+		if (res < 0) {
+			snd_card_free(card);
+			return res;
+		}
+		res = snd_sb16_probe(card, dev);
+		if (res < 0) {
 			snd_card_free(card);
 			return res;
 		}
diff --git a/sound/isa/sb/sb16_csp.c b/sound/isa/sb/sb16_csp.c
index 4789345a8fdd..5bbe6695689d 100644
--- a/sound/isa/sb/sb16_csp.c
+++ b/sound/isa/sb/sb16_csp.c
@@ -112,10 +112,12 @@ int snd_sb_csp_new(struct snd_sb *chip, int device, struct snd_hwdep ** rhwdep)
 	if (csp_detect(chip, &version))
 		return -ENODEV;
 
-	if ((err = snd_hwdep_new(chip->card, "SB16-CSP", device, &hw)) < 0)
+	err = snd_hwdep_new(chip->card, "SB16-CSP", device, &hw);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
-	if ((p = kzalloc(sizeof(*p), GFP_KERNEL)) == NULL) {
+	p = kzalloc(sizeof(*p), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!p) {
 		snd_device_free(chip->card, hw);
 		return -ENOMEM;
 	}
@@ -1034,6 +1036,7 @@ static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_sb_qsound_space = {
 static int snd_sb_qsound_build(struct snd_sb_csp * p)
 {
 	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;
 	int err;
 
 	if (snd_BUG_ON(!p))
@@ -1045,14 +1048,16 @@ static int snd_sb_qsound_build(struct snd_sb_csp * p)
 
 	spin_lock_init(&p->q_lock);
 
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, p->qsound_switch = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_sb_qsound_switch, p))) < 0) {
-		p->qsound_switch = NULL;
+	kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_sb_qsound_switch, p);
+	err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto __error;
-	}
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, p->qsound_space = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_sb_qsound_space, p))) < 0) {
-		p->qsound_space = NULL;
+	p->qsound_switch = kctl;
+	kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_sb_qsound_space, p);
+	err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto __error;
-	}
+	p->qsound_space = kctl;
 
 	return 0;
 
@@ -1072,10 +1077,14 @@ static void snd_sb_qsound_destroy(struct snd_sb_csp * p)
 	card = p->chip->card;	
 	
 	down_write(&card->controls_rwsem);
-	if (p->qsound_switch)
+	if (p->qsound_switch) {
 		snd_ctl_remove(card, p->qsound_switch);
-	if (p->qsound_space)
+		p->qsound_switch = NULL;
+	}
+	if (p->qsound_space) {
 		snd_ctl_remove(card, p->qsound_space);
+		p->qsound_space = NULL;
+	}
 	up_write(&card->controls_rwsem);
 
 	/* cancel pending transfer of QSound parameters */
diff --git a/sound/isa/sb/sb16_main.c b/sound/isa/sb/sb16_main.c
index aa4870531023..a9b87e159b2d 100644
--- a/sound/isa/sb/sb16_main.c
+++ b/sound/isa/sb/sb16_main.c
@@ -703,7 +703,8 @@ static int snd_sb16_dma_control_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ct
 	unsigned char nval, oval;
 	int change;
 	
-	if ((nval = ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0]) > 2)
+	nval = ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0];
+	if (nval > 2)
 		return -EINVAL;
 	spin_lock_irqsave(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
 	oval = snd_sb16_get_dma_mode(chip);
@@ -836,7 +837,8 @@ int snd_sb16dsp_pcm(struct snd_sb *chip, int device)
 	struct snd_pcm *pcm;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_new(card, "SB16 DSP", device, 1, 1, &pcm)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_new(card, "SB16 DSP", device, 1, 1, &pcm);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	sprintf(pcm->name, "DSP v%i.%i", chip->version >> 8, chip->version & 0xff);
 	pcm->info_flags = SNDRV_PCM_INFO_JOINT_DUPLEX;
diff --git a/sound/isa/sb/sb8.c b/sound/isa/sb/sb8.c
index ed3a87ebe3f4..b08e6e7690c9 100644
--- a/sound/isa/sb/sb8.c
+++ b/sound/isa/sb/sb8.c
@@ -101,12 +101,10 @@ static int snd_sb8_probe(struct device *pdev, unsigned int dev)
 	acard->fm_res = request_region(0x388, 4, "SoundBlaster FM");
 
 	if (port[dev] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
-		if ((err = snd_sbdsp_create(card, port[dev], irq[dev],
-					    snd_sb8_interrupt,
-					    dma8[dev],
-					    -1,
-					    SB_HW_AUTO,
-					    &chip)) < 0)
+		err = snd_sbdsp_create(card, port[dev], irq[dev],
+				       snd_sb8_interrupt, dma8[dev],
+				       -1, SB_HW_AUTO, &chip);
+		if (err < 0)
 			goto _err;
 	} else {
 		/* auto-probe legacy ports */
@@ -145,32 +143,35 @@ static int snd_sb8_probe(struct device *pdev, unsigned int dev)
 		goto _err;
 	}
 
-	if ((err = snd_sb8dsp_pcm(chip, 0)) < 0)
+	err = snd_sb8dsp_pcm(chip, 0);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto _err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_sbmixer_new(chip)) < 0)
+	err = snd_sbmixer_new(chip);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto _err;
 
 	if (chip->hardware == SB_HW_10 || chip->hardware == SB_HW_20) {
-		if ((err = snd_opl3_create(card, chip->port + 8, 0,
-					   OPL3_HW_AUTO, 1,
-					   &opl3)) < 0) {
+		err = snd_opl3_create(card, chip->port + 8, 0,
+				      OPL3_HW_AUTO, 1, &opl3);
+		if (err < 0)
 			snd_printk(KERN_WARNING "sb8: no OPL device at 0x%lx\n", chip->port + 8);
-		}
 	} else {
-		if ((err = snd_opl3_create(card, chip->port, chip->port + 2,
-					   OPL3_HW_AUTO, 1,
-					   &opl3)) < 0) {
+		err = snd_opl3_create(card, chip->port, chip->port + 2,
+				      OPL3_HW_AUTO, 1, &opl3);
+		if (err < 0) {
 			snd_printk(KERN_WARNING "sb8: no OPL device at 0x%lx-0x%lx\n",
 				   chip->port, chip->port + 2);
 		}
 	}
 	if (err >= 0) {
-		if ((err = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, 1, NULL)) < 0)
+		err = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, 1, NULL);
+		if (err < 0)
 			goto _err;
 	}
 
-	if ((err = snd_sb8dsp_midi(chip, 0)) < 0)
+	err = snd_sb8dsp_midi(chip, 0);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto _err;
 
 	strcpy(card->driver, chip->hardware == SB_HW_PRO ? "SB Pro" : "SB8");
@@ -180,7 +181,8 @@ static int snd_sb8_probe(struct device *pdev, unsigned int dev)
 		chip->port,
 		irq[dev], dma8[dev]);
 
-	if ((err = snd_card_register(card)) < 0)
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto _err;
 
 	dev_set_drvdata(pdev, card);
diff --git a/sound/isa/sb/sb8_main.c b/sound/isa/sb/sb8_main.c
index 8d01692c4f2a..2ed176a5a574 100644
--- a/sound/isa/sb/sb8_main.c
+++ b/sound/isa/sb/sb8_main.c
@@ -567,7 +567,8 @@ int snd_sb8dsp_pcm(struct snd_sb *chip, int device)
 	int err;
 	size_t max_prealloc = 64 * 1024;
 
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_new(card, "SB8 DSP", device, 1, 1, &pcm)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_new(card, "SB8 DSP", device, 1, 1, &pcm);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	sprintf(pcm->name, "DSP v%i.%i", chip->version >> 8, chip->version & 0xff);
 	pcm->info_flags = SNDRV_PCM_INFO_HALF_DUPLEX;
diff --git a/sound/isa/sb/sb8_midi.c b/sound/isa/sb/sb8_midi.c
index 8c01460539ed..618366d5d984 100644
--- a/sound/isa/sb/sb8_midi.c
+++ b/sound/isa/sb/sb8_midi.c
@@ -251,7 +251,8 @@ int snd_sb8dsp_midi(struct snd_sb *chip, int device)
 	struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_rawmidi_new(chip->card, "SB8 MIDI", device, 1, 1, &rmidi)) < 0)
+	err = snd_rawmidi_new(chip->card, "SB8 MIDI", device, 1, 1, &rmidi);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	strcpy(rmidi->name, "SB8 MIDI");
 	snd_rawmidi_set_ops(rmidi, SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_OUTPUT, &snd_sb8dsp_midi_output);
diff --git a/sound/isa/sb/sb_common.c b/sound/isa/sb/sb_common.c
index 61ea4078aa95..57121218ed24 100644
--- a/sound/isa/sb/sb_common.c
+++ b/sound/isa/sb/sb_common.c
@@ -238,7 +238,8 @@ int snd_sbdsp_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	if (hardware == SB_HW_ALS4000)
 		goto __skip_allocation;
 	
-	if ((chip->res_port = request_region(port, 16, "SoundBlaster")) == NULL) {
+	chip->res_port = request_region(port, 16, "SoundBlaster");
+	if (!chip->res_port) {
 		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "sb: can't grab port 0x%lx\n", port);
 		snd_sbdsp_free(chip);
 		return -EBUSY;
@@ -267,11 +268,13 @@ int snd_sbdsp_create(struct snd_card *card,
       __skip_allocation:
 	chip->card = card;
 	chip->hardware = hardware;
-	if ((err = snd_sbdsp_probe(chip)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_sbdsp_probe(chip);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_sbdsp_free(chip);
 		return err;
 	}
-	if ((err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_sbdsp_free(chip);
 		return err;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/isa/sb/sb_mixer.c b/sound/isa/sb/sb_mixer.c
index 5de5506e7e60..fffd681e5bf7 100644
--- a/sound/isa/sb/sb_mixer.c
+++ b/sound/isa/sb/sb_mixer.c
@@ -485,7 +485,8 @@ int snd_sbmixer_add_ctl(struct snd_sb *chip, const char *name, int index, int ty
 	strscpy(ctl->id.name, name, sizeof(ctl->id.name));
 	ctl->id.index = index;
 	ctl->private_value = value;
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, ctl)) < 0)
+	err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, ctl);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -736,33 +737,36 @@ int snd_sbmixer_new(struct snd_sb *chip)
 		return 0; /* no mixer chip on SB1.x */
 	case SB_HW_20:
 	case SB_HW_201:
-		if ((err = snd_sbmixer_init(chip,
-					    snd_sb20_controls,
-					    ARRAY_SIZE(snd_sb20_controls),
-					    snd_sb20_init_values,
-					    ARRAY_SIZE(snd_sb20_init_values),
-					    "CTL1335")) < 0)
+		err = snd_sbmixer_init(chip,
+				       snd_sb20_controls,
+				       ARRAY_SIZE(snd_sb20_controls),
+				       snd_sb20_init_values,
+				       ARRAY_SIZE(snd_sb20_init_values),
+				       "CTL1335");
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 		break;
 	case SB_HW_PRO:
 	case SB_HW_JAZZ16:
-		if ((err = snd_sbmixer_init(chip,
-					    snd_sbpro_controls,
-					    ARRAY_SIZE(snd_sbpro_controls),
-					    snd_sbpro_init_values,
-					    ARRAY_SIZE(snd_sbpro_init_values),
-					    "CTL1345")) < 0)
+		err = snd_sbmixer_init(chip,
+				       snd_sbpro_controls,
+				       ARRAY_SIZE(snd_sbpro_controls),
+				       snd_sbpro_init_values,
+				       ARRAY_SIZE(snd_sbpro_init_values),
+				       "CTL1345");
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 		break;
 	case SB_HW_16:
 	case SB_HW_ALS100:
 	case SB_HW_CS5530:
-		if ((err = snd_sbmixer_init(chip,
-					    snd_sb16_controls,
-					    ARRAY_SIZE(snd_sb16_controls),
-					    snd_sb16_init_values,
-					    ARRAY_SIZE(snd_sb16_init_values),
-					    "CTL1745")) < 0)
+		err = snd_sbmixer_init(chip,
+				       snd_sb16_controls,
+				       ARRAY_SIZE(snd_sb16_controls),
+				       snd_sb16_init_values,
+				       ARRAY_SIZE(snd_sb16_init_values),
+				       "CTL1745");
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 		break;
 	case SB_HW_ALS4000:
@@ -775,12 +779,13 @@ int snd_sbmixer_new(struct snd_sb *chip)
 					"ALS4000");
 		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
-		if ((err = snd_sbmixer_init(chip,
-					    snd_als4000_controls,
-					    ARRAY_SIZE(snd_als4000_controls),
-					    snd_als4000_init_values,
-					    ARRAY_SIZE(snd_als4000_init_values),
-					    "ALS4000")) < 0)
+		err = snd_sbmixer_init(chip,
+				       snd_als4000_controls,
+				       ARRAY_SIZE(snd_als4000_controls),
+				       snd_als4000_init_values,
+				       ARRAY_SIZE(snd_als4000_init_values),
+				       "ALS4000");
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 		break;
 	case SB_HW_DT019X:
diff --git a/sound/isa/wavefront/wavefront.c b/sound/isa/wavefront/wavefront.c
index a4437971df2f..dfdeaf7b6bf4 100644
--- a/sound/isa/wavefront/wavefront.c
+++ b/sound/isa/wavefront/wavefront.c
@@ -555,7 +555,8 @@ static int snd_wavefront_isa_probe(struct device *pdev,
 	err = snd_wavefront_card_new(pdev, dev, &card);
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
-	if ((err = snd_wavefront_probe(card, dev)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_wavefront_probe(card, dev);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -610,7 +611,8 @@ static int snd_wavefront_pnp_detect(struct pnp_card_link *pcard,
 		}
 	}
 
-	if ((res = snd_wavefront_probe(card, dev)) < 0)
+	res = snd_wavefront_probe(card, dev);
+	if (res < 0)
 		return res;
 
 	pnp_set_card_drvdata(pcard, card);
diff --git a/sound/isa/wavefront/wavefront_midi.c b/sound/isa/wavefront/wavefront_midi.c
index a337a86f7a65..72e775ac7ad7 100644
--- a/sound/isa/wavefront/wavefront_midi.c
+++ b/sound/isa/wavefront/wavefront_midi.c
@@ -239,7 +239,8 @@ static int snd_wavefront_midi_input_open(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream
 
 	mpu = *((snd_wavefront_mpu_id *) substream->rmidi->private_data);
 
-	if ((midi = get_wavefront_midi (substream)) == NULL)
+	midi = get_wavefront_midi(substream);
+	if (!midi)
 	        return -EIO;
 
 	spin_lock_irqsave (&midi->open, flags);
@@ -263,7 +264,8 @@ static int snd_wavefront_midi_output_open(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substrea
 
 	mpu = *((snd_wavefront_mpu_id *) substream->rmidi->private_data);
 
-	if ((midi = get_wavefront_midi (substream)) == NULL)
+	midi = get_wavefront_midi(substream);
+	if (!midi)
 	        return -EIO;
 
 	spin_lock_irqsave (&midi->open, flags);
@@ -287,7 +289,8 @@ static int snd_wavefront_midi_input_close(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substrea
 
 	mpu = *((snd_wavefront_mpu_id *) substream->rmidi->private_data);
 
-	if ((midi = get_wavefront_midi (substream)) == NULL)
+	midi = get_wavefront_midi(substream);
+	if (!midi)
 	        return -EIO;
 
 	spin_lock_irqsave (&midi->open, flags);
@@ -310,7 +313,8 @@ static int snd_wavefront_midi_output_close(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substre
 
 	mpu = *((snd_wavefront_mpu_id *) substream->rmidi->private_data);
 
-	if ((midi = get_wavefront_midi (substream)) == NULL)
+	midi = get_wavefront_midi(substream);
+	if (!midi)
 	        return -EIO;
 
 	spin_lock_irqsave (&midi->open, flags);
@@ -333,9 +337,9 @@ static void snd_wavefront_midi_input_trigger(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *subst
 
 	mpu = *((snd_wavefront_mpu_id *) substream->rmidi->private_data);
 
-	if ((midi = get_wavefront_midi (substream)) == NULL) {
+	midi = get_wavefront_midi(substream);
+	if (!midi)
 		return;
-	}
 
 	spin_lock_irqsave (&midi->virtual, flags);
 	if (up) {
@@ -372,9 +376,9 @@ static void snd_wavefront_midi_output_trigger(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *subs
 
 	mpu = *((snd_wavefront_mpu_id *) substream->rmidi->private_data);
 
-	if ((midi = get_wavefront_midi (substream)) == NULL) {
+	midi = get_wavefront_midi(substream);
+	if (!midi)
 		return;
-	}
 
 	spin_lock_irqsave (&midi->virtual, flags);
 	if (up) {
diff --git a/sound/isa/wavefront/wavefront_synth.c b/sound/isa/wavefront/wavefront_synth.c
index d6420d224d09..69cbc79fbb71 100644
--- a/sound/isa/wavefront/wavefront_synth.c
+++ b/sound/isa/wavefront/wavefront_synth.c
@@ -339,7 +339,8 @@ snd_wavefront_cmd (snd_wavefront_t *dev,
 	int c;
 	struct wavefront_command *wfcmd;
 
-	if ((wfcmd = wavefront_get_command (cmd)) == NULL) {
+	wfcmd = wavefront_get_command(cmd);
+	if (!wfcmd) {
 		snd_printk ("command 0x%x not supported.\n",
 			cmd);
 		return 1;
@@ -391,7 +392,8 @@ snd_wavefront_cmd (snd_wavefront_t *dev,
 
 		for (i = 0; i < wfcmd->read_cnt; i++) {
 
-			if ((c = wavefront_read (dev)) == -1) {
+			c = wavefront_read(dev);
+			if (c == -1) {
 				DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_IO, "bad read for byte "
 						      "%d of 0x%x [%s].\n",
 						      i, cmd, wfcmd->action);
@@ -401,7 +403,8 @@ snd_wavefront_cmd (snd_wavefront_t *dev,
 			/* Now handle errors. Lots of special cases here */
 	    
 			if (c == 0xff) { 
-				if ((c = wavefront_read (dev)) == -1) {
+				c = wavefront_read(dev);
+				if (c == -1) {
 					DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_IO, "bad read for "
 							      "error byte at "
 							      "read byte %d "
@@ -459,9 +462,9 @@ snd_wavefront_cmd (snd_wavefront_t *dev,
 		   of the standard value.
 		*/
 	    
-		if ((ack = wavefront_read (dev)) == 0) {
+		ack = wavefront_read(dev);
+		if (ack == 0)
 			ack = WF_ACK;
-		}
 	
 		if (ack != WF_ACK) {
 			if (ack == -1) {
@@ -475,7 +478,8 @@ snd_wavefront_cmd (snd_wavefront_t *dev,
 
 				if (ack == 0xff) { /* explicit error */
 		    
-					if ((err = wavefront_read (dev)) == -1) {
+					err = wavefront_read(dev);
+					if (err == -1) {
 						DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_DATA,
 							"cannot read err "
 							"for 0x%x [%s].\n",
@@ -603,9 +607,9 @@ wavefront_delete_sample (snd_wavefront_t *dev, int sample_num)
 	wbuf[0] = sample_num & 0x7f;
 	wbuf[1] = sample_num >> 7;
 
-	if ((x = snd_wavefront_cmd (dev, WFC_DELETE_SAMPLE, NULL, wbuf)) == 0) {
+	x = snd_wavefront_cmd(dev, WFC_DELETE_SAMPLE, NULL, wbuf);
+	if (!x)
 		dev->sample_status[sample_num] = WF_ST_EMPTY;
-	}
 
 	return x;
 }
@@ -691,8 +695,9 @@ wavefront_get_patch_status (snd_wavefront_t *dev)
 		patchnum[0] = i & 0x7f;
 		patchnum[1] = i >> 7;
 
-		if ((x = snd_wavefront_cmd (dev, WFC_UPLOAD_PATCH, patchbuf,
-					patchnum)) == 0) {
+		x = snd_wavefront_cmd(dev, WFC_UPLOAD_PATCH, patchbuf,
+				      patchnum);
+		if (x == 0) {
 
 			dev->patch_status[i] |= WF_SLOT_FILLED;
 			p = (wavefront_patch *) patchbuf;
@@ -738,8 +743,9 @@ wavefront_get_program_status (snd_wavefront_t *dev)
 	for (i = 0; i < WF_MAX_PROGRAM; i++) {
 		prognum = i;
 
-		if ((x = snd_wavefront_cmd (dev, WFC_UPLOAD_PROGRAM, progbuf,
-					&prognum)) == 0) {
+		x = snd_wavefront_cmd(dev, WFC_UPLOAD_PROGRAM, progbuf,
+				      &prognum);
+		if (x == 0) {
 
 			dev->prog_status[i] |= WF_SLOT_USED;
 
@@ -894,9 +900,9 @@ wavefront_send_sample (snd_wavefront_t *dev,
 	if (header->number == WAVEFRONT_FIND_FREE_SAMPLE_SLOT) {
 		int x;
 
-		if ((x = wavefront_find_free_sample (dev)) < 0) {
+		x = wavefront_find_free_sample(dev);
+		if (x < 0)
 			return -ENOMEM;
-		}
 		snd_printk ("unspecified sample => %d\n", x);
 		header->number = x;
 	}
@@ -1137,7 +1143,8 @@ wavefront_send_sample (snd_wavefront_t *dev,
 		   nothing to do with DMA at all.
 		*/
 	
-		if ((dma_ack = wavefront_read (dev)) != WF_DMA_ACK) {
+		dma_ack = wavefront_read(dev);
+		if (dma_ack != WF_DMA_ACK) {
 			if (dma_ack == -1) {
 				snd_printk ("upload sample "
 					    "DMA ack timeout\n");
@@ -1282,14 +1289,16 @@ wavefront_fetch_multisample (snd_wavefront_t *dev,
 		char d[2];
 		int val;
 	
-		if ((val = wavefront_read (dev)) == -1) {
+		val = wavefront_read(dev);
+		if (val == -1) {
 			snd_printk ("upload multisample failed "
 				    "during sample loop.\n");
 			return -EIO;
 		}
 		d[0] = val;
 
-		if ((val = wavefront_read (dev)) == -1) {
+		val = wavefront_read(dev);
+		if (val == -1) {
 			snd_printk ("upload multisample failed "
 				    "during sample loop.\n");
 			return -EIO;
@@ -1910,7 +1919,8 @@ wavefront_reset_to_cleanliness (snd_wavefront_t *dev)
 		goto gone_bad;
 	}
 	
-	if ((hwv[0] = wavefront_read (dev)) == -1) {
+	hwv[0] = wavefront_read(dev);
+	if (hwv[0] == -1) {
 		snd_printk ("board not responding correctly.\n");
 		goto gone_bad;
 	}
@@ -1921,7 +1931,8 @@ wavefront_reset_to_cleanliness (snd_wavefront_t *dev)
 		   and tell us about it either way.
 		*/
 		
-		if ((hwv[0] = wavefront_read (dev)) == -1) {
+		hwv[0] = wavefront_read(dev);
+		if (hwv[0] == -1) {
 			snd_printk ("on-board RAM test failed "
 				    "(bad error code).\n");
 		} else {
@@ -1934,7 +1945,8 @@ wavefront_reset_to_cleanliness (snd_wavefront_t *dev)
 
 	/* We're OK, just get the next byte of the HW version response */
 
-	if ((hwv[1] = wavefront_read (dev)) == -1) {
+	hwv[1] = wavefront_read(dev);
+	if (hwv[1] == -1) {
 		snd_printk ("incorrect h/w response.\n");
 		goto gone_bad;
 	}
@@ -2079,9 +2091,9 @@ wavefront_do_reset (snd_wavefront_t *dev)
 	   about it.
 	*/
 	
-	if ((dev->freemem = wavefront_freemem (dev)) < 0) {
+	dev->freemem = wavefront_freemem(dev);
+	if (dev->freemem < 0)
 		goto gone_bad;
-	}
 		
 	snd_printk ("available DRAM %dk\n", dev->freemem / 1024);
 
diff --git a/sound/isa/wss/wss_lib.c b/sound/isa/wss/wss_lib.c
index ea5d3cdfe4e4..743e0f05e335 100644
--- a/sound/isa/wss/wss_lib.c
+++ b/sound/isa/wss/wss_lib.c
@@ -1493,7 +1493,8 @@ static int snd_wss_playback_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 	snd_pcm_limit_isa_dma_size(chip->dma1, &runtime->hw.period_bytes_max);
 
 	if (chip->claim_dma) {
-		if ((err = chip->claim_dma(chip, chip->dma_private_data, chip->dma1)) < 0)
+		err = chip->claim_dma(chip, chip->dma_private_data, chip->dma1);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 
@@ -1533,7 +1534,8 @@ static int snd_wss_capture_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 	snd_pcm_limit_isa_dma_size(chip->dma2, &runtime->hw.period_bytes_max);
 
 	if (chip->claim_dma) {
-		if ((err = chip->claim_dma(chip, chip->dma_private_data, chip->dma2)) < 0)
+		err = chip->claim_dma(chip, chip->dma_private_data, chip->dma2);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 
@@ -1934,7 +1936,8 @@ int snd_wss_timer(struct snd_wss *chip, int device)
 	tid.card = chip->card->number;
 	tid.device = device;
 	tid.subdevice = 0;
-	if ((err = snd_timer_new(chip->card, "CS4231", &tid, &timer)) < 0)
+	err = snd_timer_new(chip->card, "CS4231", &tid, &timer);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	strcpy(timer->name, snd_wss_chip_id(chip));
 	timer->private_data = chip;
diff --git a/sound/mips/snd-n64.c b/sound/mips/snd-n64.c
index e35e93157755..463a6fe589eb 100644
--- a/sound/mips/snd-n64.c
+++ b/sound/mips/snd-n64.c
@@ -338,6 +338,10 @@ static int __init n64audio_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 	strcpy(card->longname, "N64 Audio");
 
 	res = platform_get_resource(pdev, IORESOURCE_IRQ, 0);
+	if (!res) {
+		err = -EINVAL;
+		goto fail_dma_alloc;
+	}
 	if (devm_request_irq(&pdev->dev, res->start, n64audio_isr,
 				IRQF_SHARED, "N64 Audio", priv)) {
 		err = -EBUSY;
diff --git a/sound/oss/dmasound/dmasound_core.c b/sound/oss/dmasound/dmasound_core.c
index 49679aa8631d..0c95828ac0b1 100644
--- a/sound/oss/dmasound/dmasound_core.c
+++ b/sound/oss/dmasound/dmasound_core.c
@@ -999,11 +999,9 @@ static int sq_ioctl(struct file *file, u_int cmd, u_long arg)
 	case SNDCTL_DSP_RESET:
 		sq_reset();
 		return 0;
-		break ;
 	case SNDCTL_DSP_GETFMTS:
 		fmt = dmasound.mach.hardware_afmts ; /* this is what OSS says.. */
 		return IOCTL_OUT(arg, fmt);
-		break ;
 	case SNDCTL_DSP_GETBLKSIZE:
 		/* this should tell the caller about bytes that the app can
 		   read/write - the app doesn't care about our internal buffers.
@@ -1020,7 +1018,6 @@ static int sq_ioctl(struct file *file, u_int cmd, u_long arg)
 			size = write_sq.user_frag_size ;
 		}
 		return IOCTL_OUT(arg, size);
-		break ;
 	case SNDCTL_DSP_POST:
 		/* all we are going to do is to tell the LL that any
 		   partial frags can be queued for output.
@@ -1044,7 +1041,6 @@ static int sq_ioctl(struct file *file, u_int cmd, u_long arg)
 		if (file->f_mode & shared_resource_owner)
 			shared_resources_initialised = 0 ;
 		return result ;
-		break ;
 	case SOUND_PCM_READ_RATE:
 		return IOCTL_OUT(arg, dmasound.soft.speed);
 	case SNDCTL_DSP_SPEED:
@@ -1123,7 +1119,6 @@ static int sq_ioctl(struct file *file, u_int cmd, u_long arg)
 		   the value is 'random' and that the user _must_ check the actual
 		   frags values using SNDCTL_DSP_GETBLKSIZE or similar */
 		return IOCTL_OUT(arg, data);
-		break ;
 	case SNDCTL_DSP_GETOSPACE:
 		/*
 		*/
@@ -1234,31 +1229,22 @@ static char *get_afmt_string(int afmt)
         switch(afmt) {
             case AFMT_MU_LAW:
                 return "mu-law";
-                break;
             case AFMT_A_LAW:
                 return "A-law";
-                break;
             case AFMT_U8:
                 return "unsigned 8 bit";
-                break;
             case AFMT_S8:
                 return "signed 8 bit";
-                break;
             case AFMT_S16_BE:
                 return "signed 16 bit BE";
-                break;
             case AFMT_U16_BE:
                 return "unsigned 16 bit BE";
-                break;
             case AFMT_S16_LE:
                 return "signed 16 bit LE";
-                break;
             case AFMT_U16_LE:
                 return "unsigned 16 bit LE";
-                break;
 	    case 0:
 		return "format not set" ;
-		break ;
             default:
                 break ;
         }
diff --git a/sound/parisc/harmony.c b/sound/parisc/harmony.c
index f2ca0a701987..1440db8b4177 100644
--- a/sound/parisc/harmony.c
+++ b/sound/parisc/harmony.c
@@ -915,10 +915,9 @@ snd_harmony_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	spin_lock_init(&h->mixer_lock);
 	spin_lock_init(&h->lock);
 
-        if ((err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL,
-                                  h, &ops)) < 0) {
-                goto free_and_ret;
-        }
+	err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, h, &ops);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto free_and_ret;
 
 	*rchip = h;
 
diff --git a/sound/pci/ac97/ac97_codec.c b/sound/pci/ac97/ac97_codec.c
index 012a7ee849e8..01f296d524ce 100644
--- a/sound/pci/ac97/ac97_codec.c
+++ b/sound/pci/ac97/ac97_codec.c
@@ -1286,15 +1286,17 @@ static int snd_ac97_cmix_new_stereo(struct snd_card *card, const char *pfx,
 
 	if (snd_ac97_try_bit(ac97, reg, 15)) {
 		sprintf(name, "%s Switch", pfx);
-		if ((err = snd_ac97_cmute_new_stereo(card, name, reg,
-						     check_stereo, check_amix,
-						     ac97)) < 0)
+		err = snd_ac97_cmute_new_stereo(card, name, reg,
+						check_stereo, check_amix,
+						ac97);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 	check_volume_resolution(ac97, reg, &lo_max, &hi_max);
 	if (lo_max) {
 		sprintf(name, "%s Volume", pfx);
-		if ((err = snd_ac97_cvol_new(card, name, reg, lo_max, hi_max, ac97)) < 0)
+		err = snd_ac97_cvol_new(card, name, reg, lo_max, hi_max, ac97);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 	return 0;
@@ -1333,9 +1335,11 @@ static int snd_ac97_mixer_build(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
 	/* build center controls */
 	if ((snd_ac97_try_volume_mix(ac97, AC97_CENTER_LFE_MASTER)) 
 		&& !(ac97->flags & AC97_AD_MULTI)) {
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_center[0], ac97))) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_center[0], ac97));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl = snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_center[1], ac97))) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl = snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_center[1], ac97));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 		snd_ac97_change_volume_params2(ac97, AC97_CENTER_LFE_MASTER, 0, &max);
 		kctl->private_value &= ~(0xff << 16);
@@ -1347,9 +1351,11 @@ static int snd_ac97_mixer_build(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
 	/* build LFE controls */
 	if ((snd_ac97_try_volume_mix(ac97, AC97_CENTER_LFE_MASTER+1))
 		&& !(ac97->flags & AC97_AD_MULTI)) {
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_lfe[0], ac97))) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_lfe[0], ac97));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl = snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_lfe[1], ac97))) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl = snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_lfe[1], ac97));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 		snd_ac97_change_volume_params2(ac97, AC97_CENTER_LFE_MASTER, 8, &max);
 		kctl->private_value &= ~(0xff << 16);
@@ -1362,23 +1368,26 @@ static int snd_ac97_mixer_build(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
 	if ((snd_ac97_try_volume_mix(ac97, AC97_SURROUND_MASTER)) 
 		&& !(ac97->flags & AC97_AD_MULTI)) {
 		/* Surround Master (0x38) is with stereo mutes */
-		if ((err = snd_ac97_cmix_new_stereo(card, "Surround Playback",
-						    AC97_SURROUND_MASTER, 1, 0,
-						    ac97)) < 0)
+		err = snd_ac97_cmix_new_stereo(card, "Surround Playback",
+					       AC97_SURROUND_MASTER, 1, 0,
+					       ac97);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 
 	/* build headphone controls */
 	if (snd_ac97_try_volume_mix(ac97, AC97_HEADPHONE)) {
-		if ((err = snd_ac97_cmix_new(card, "Headphone Playback",
-					     AC97_HEADPHONE, 0, ac97)) < 0)
+		err = snd_ac97_cmix_new(card, "Headphone Playback",
+					AC97_HEADPHONE, 0, ac97);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 	
 	/* build master mono controls */
 	if (snd_ac97_try_volume_mix(ac97, AC97_MASTER_MONO)) {
-		if ((err = snd_ac97_cmix_new(card, "Master Mono Playback",
-					     AC97_MASTER_MONO, 0, ac97)) < 0)
+		err = snd_ac97_cmix_new(card, "Master Mono Playback",
+					AC97_MASTER_MONO, 0, ac97);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 	
@@ -1386,7 +1395,9 @@ static int snd_ac97_mixer_build(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
 	if (!(ac97->flags & AC97_HAS_NO_TONE)) {
 		if (snd_ac97_try_volume_mix(ac97, AC97_MASTER_TONE)) {
 			for (idx = 0; idx < 2; idx++) {
-				if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl = snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_tone[idx], ac97))) < 0)
+				kctl = snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_tone[idx], ac97);
+				err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+				if (err < 0)
 					return err;
 				if (ac97->id == AC97_ID_YMF743 ||
 				    ac97->id == AC97_ID_YMF753) {
@@ -1402,9 +1413,12 @@ static int snd_ac97_mixer_build(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
 	if (!(ac97->flags & AC97_HAS_NO_PC_BEEP) && 
 		((ac97->flags & AC97_HAS_PC_BEEP) ||
 	    snd_ac97_try_volume_mix(ac97, AC97_PC_BEEP))) {
-		for (idx = 0; idx < 2; idx++)
-			if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl = snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_pc_beep[idx], ac97))) < 0)
+		for (idx = 0; idx < 2; idx++) {
+			kctl = snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_pc_beep[idx], ac97);
+			err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
+		}
 		set_tlv_db_scale(kctl, db_scale_4bit);
 		snd_ac97_write_cache(
 			ac97,
@@ -1417,8 +1431,9 @@ static int snd_ac97_mixer_build(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
 	/* build Phone controls */
 	if (!(ac97->flags & AC97_HAS_NO_PHONE)) {
 		if (snd_ac97_try_volume_mix(ac97, AC97_PHONE)) {
-			if ((err = snd_ac97_cmix_new(card, "Phone Playback",
-						     AC97_PHONE, 1, ac97)) < 0)
+			err = snd_ac97_cmix_new(card, "Phone Playback",
+						AC97_PHONE, 1, ac97);
+			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
 		}
 	}
@@ -1426,26 +1441,30 @@ static int snd_ac97_mixer_build(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
 	/* build MIC controls */
 	if (!(ac97->flags & AC97_HAS_NO_MIC)) {
 		if (snd_ac97_try_volume_mix(ac97, AC97_MIC)) {
-			if ((err = snd_ac97_cmix_new(card, "Mic Playback",
-						     AC97_MIC, 1, ac97)) < 0)
+			err = snd_ac97_cmix_new(card, "Mic Playback",
+						AC97_MIC, 1, ac97);
+			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
-			if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_mic_boost, ac97))) < 0)
+			err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_mic_boost, ac97));
+			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
 		}
 	}
 
 	/* build Line controls */
 	if (snd_ac97_try_volume_mix(ac97, AC97_LINE)) {
-		if ((err = snd_ac97_cmix_new(card, "Line Playback",
-					     AC97_LINE, 1, ac97)) < 0)
+		err = snd_ac97_cmix_new(card, "Line Playback",
+					AC97_LINE, 1, ac97);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 	
 	/* build CD controls */
 	if (!(ac97->flags & AC97_HAS_NO_CD)) {
 		if (snd_ac97_try_volume_mix(ac97, AC97_CD)) {
-			if ((err = snd_ac97_cmix_new(card, "CD Playback",
-						     AC97_CD, 1, ac97)) < 0)
+			err = snd_ac97_cmix_new(card, "CD Playback",
+						AC97_CD, 1, ac97);
+			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
 		}
 	}
@@ -1453,8 +1472,9 @@ static int snd_ac97_mixer_build(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
 	/* build Video controls */
 	if (!(ac97->flags & AC97_HAS_NO_VIDEO)) {
 		if (snd_ac97_try_volume_mix(ac97, AC97_VIDEO)) {
-			if ((err = snd_ac97_cmix_new(card, "Video Playback",
-						     AC97_VIDEO, 1, ac97)) < 0)
+			err = snd_ac97_cmix_new(card, "Video Playback",
+						AC97_VIDEO, 1, ac97);
+			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
 		}
 	}
@@ -1462,8 +1482,9 @@ static int snd_ac97_mixer_build(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
 	/* build Aux controls */
 	if (!(ac97->flags & AC97_HAS_NO_AUX)) {
 		if (snd_ac97_try_volume_mix(ac97, AC97_AUX)) {
-			if ((err = snd_ac97_cmix_new(card, "Aux Playback",
-						     AC97_AUX, 1, ac97)) < 0)
+			err = snd_ac97_cmix_new(card, "Aux Playback",
+						AC97_AUX, 1, ac97);
+			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
 		}
 	}
@@ -1475,26 +1496,38 @@ static int snd_ac97_mixer_build(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
 			init_val = 0x9f9f;
 		else
 			init_val = 0x9f1f;
-		for (idx = 0; idx < 2; idx++)
-			if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl = snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_ad18xx_pcm[idx], ac97))) < 0)
+		for (idx = 0; idx < 2; idx++) {
+			kctl = snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_ad18xx_pcm[idx], ac97);
+			err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
+		}
 		set_tlv_db_scale(kctl, db_scale_5bit);
 		ac97->spec.ad18xx.pcmreg[0] = init_val;
 		if (ac97->scaps & AC97_SCAP_SURROUND_DAC) {
-			for (idx = 0; idx < 2; idx++)
-				if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl = snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_ad18xx_surround[idx], ac97))) < 0)
+			for (idx = 0; idx < 2; idx++) {
+				kctl = snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_ad18xx_surround[idx], ac97);
+				err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+				if (err < 0)
 					return err;
+			}
 			set_tlv_db_scale(kctl, db_scale_5bit);
 			ac97->spec.ad18xx.pcmreg[1] = init_val;
 		}
 		if (ac97->scaps & AC97_SCAP_CENTER_LFE_DAC) {
-			for (idx = 0; idx < 2; idx++)
-				if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl = snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_ad18xx_center[idx], ac97))) < 0)
+			for (idx = 0; idx < 2; idx++) {
+				kctl = snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_ad18xx_center[idx], ac97);
+				err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+				if (err < 0)
 					return err;
+			}
 			set_tlv_db_scale(kctl, db_scale_5bit);
-			for (idx = 0; idx < 2; idx++)
-				if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl = snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_ad18xx_lfe[idx], ac97))) < 0)
+			for (idx = 0; idx < 2; idx++) {
+				kctl = snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_ad18xx_lfe[idx], ac97);
+				err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+				if (err < 0)
 					return err;
+			}
 			set_tlv_db_scale(kctl, db_scale_5bit);
 			ac97->spec.ad18xx.pcmreg[2] = init_val;
 		}
@@ -1515,7 +1548,8 @@ static int snd_ac97_mixer_build(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
 
 	/* build Capture controls */
 	if (!(ac97->flags & AC97_HAS_NO_REC_GAIN)) {
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_control_capture_src, ac97))) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_control_capture_src, ac97));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 		if (snd_ac97_try_bit(ac97, AC97_REC_GAIN, 15)) {
 			err = snd_ac97_cmute_new(card, "Capture Switch",
@@ -1523,7 +1557,9 @@ static int snd_ac97_mixer_build(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
 			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
 		}
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl = snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_control_capture_vol, ac97))) < 0)
+		kctl = snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_control_capture_vol, ac97);
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 		set_tlv_db_scale(kctl, db_scale_rec_gain);
 		snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_REC_SEL, 0x0000);
@@ -1531,52 +1567,62 @@ static int snd_ac97_mixer_build(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
 	}
 	/* build MIC Capture controls */
 	if (snd_ac97_try_volume_mix(ac97, AC97_REC_GAIN_MIC)) {
-		for (idx = 0; idx < 2; idx++)
-			if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl = snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_mic_capture[idx], ac97))) < 0)
+		for (idx = 0; idx < 2; idx++) {
+			kctl = snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_mic_capture[idx], ac97);
+			err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
+		}
 		set_tlv_db_scale(kctl, db_scale_rec_gain);
 		snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_REC_GAIN_MIC, 0x0000);
 	}
 
 	/* build PCM out path & mute control */
 	if (snd_ac97_try_bit(ac97, AC97_GENERAL_PURPOSE, 15)) {
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_general[AC97_GENERAL_PCM_OUT], ac97))) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_general[AC97_GENERAL_PCM_OUT], ac97));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 
 	/* build Simulated Stereo Enhancement control */
 	if (ac97->caps & AC97_BC_SIM_STEREO) {
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_general[AC97_GENERAL_STEREO_ENHANCEMENT], ac97))) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_general[AC97_GENERAL_STEREO_ENHANCEMENT], ac97));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 
 	/* build 3D Stereo Enhancement control */
 	if (snd_ac97_try_bit(ac97, AC97_GENERAL_PURPOSE, 13)) {
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_general[AC97_GENERAL_3D], ac97))) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_general[AC97_GENERAL_3D], ac97));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 
 	/* build Loudness control */
 	if (ac97->caps & AC97_BC_LOUDNESS) {
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_general[AC97_GENERAL_LOUDNESS], ac97))) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_general[AC97_GENERAL_LOUDNESS], ac97));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 
 	/* build Mono output select control */
 	if (snd_ac97_try_bit(ac97, AC97_GENERAL_PURPOSE, 9)) {
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_general[AC97_GENERAL_MONO], ac97))) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_general[AC97_GENERAL_MONO], ac97));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 
 	/* build Mic select control */
 	if (snd_ac97_try_bit(ac97, AC97_GENERAL_PURPOSE, 8)) {
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_general[AC97_GENERAL_MIC], ac97))) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_general[AC97_GENERAL_MIC], ac97));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 
 	/* build ADC/DAC loopback control */
 	if (enable_loopback && snd_ac97_try_bit(ac97, AC97_GENERAL_PURPOSE, 7)) {
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_general[AC97_GENERAL_LOOPBACK], ac97))) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_general[AC97_GENERAL_LOOPBACK], ac97));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 
@@ -1592,11 +1638,15 @@ static int snd_ac97_mixer_build(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
 			snd_ac97_write(ac97, AC97_3D_CONTROL, val);
 			val = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_3D_CONTROL);
 			val = val == 0x0606;
-			if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl = snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_3d[0], ac97))) < 0)
+			kctl = snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_3d[0], ac97);
+			err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
 			if (val)
 				kctl->private_value = AC97_3D_CONTROL | (9 << 8) | (7 << 16);
-			if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl = snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_3d[1], ac97))) < 0)
+			kctl = snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_3d[1], ac97);
+			err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
 			if (val)
 				kctl->private_value = AC97_3D_CONTROL | (1 << 8) | (7 << 16);
@@ -1613,14 +1663,18 @@ static int snd_ac97_mixer_build(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
 
 	if ((ac97->ext_id & AC97_EI_SPDIF) && !(ac97->scaps & AC97_SCAP_NO_SPDIF)) {
 		if (ac97->build_ops->build_spdif) {
-			if ((err = ac97->build_ops->build_spdif(ac97)) < 0)
+			err = ac97->build_ops->build_spdif(ac97);
+			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
 		} else {
-			for (idx = 0; idx < 5; idx++)
-				if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_spdif[idx], ac97))) < 0)
+			for (idx = 0; idx < 5; idx++) {
+				err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_spdif[idx], ac97));
+				if (err < 0)
 					return err;
+			}
 			if (ac97->build_ops->build_post_spdif) {
-				if ((err = ac97->build_ops->build_post_spdif(ac97)) < 0)
+				err = ac97->build_ops->build_post_spdif(ac97);
+				if (err < 0)
 					return err;
 			}
 			/* set default PCM S/PDIF params */
@@ -1632,9 +1686,11 @@ static int snd_ac97_mixer_build(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
 	}
 	
 	/* build chip specific controls */
-	if (ac97->build_ops->build_specific)
-		if ((err = ac97->build_ops->build_specific(ac97)) < 0)
+	if (ac97->build_ops->build_specific) {
+		err = ac97->build_ops->build_specific(ac97);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
+	}
 
 	if (snd_ac97_try_bit(ac97, AC97_POWERDOWN, 15)) {
 		kctl = snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_control_eapd, ac97);
@@ -1642,7 +1698,8 @@ static int snd_ac97_mixer_build(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
 			return -ENOMEM;
 		if (ac97->scaps & AC97_SCAP_INV_EAPD)
 			set_inv_eapd(ac97, kctl);
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl)) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 
@@ -1664,14 +1721,18 @@ static int snd_ac97_modem_build(struct snd_card *card, struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
 	snd_ac97_write(ac97, AC97_MISC_AFE, 0x0);
 
 	/* build modem switches */
-	for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_controls_modem_switches); idx++)
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_ac97_controls_modem_switches[idx], ac97))) < 0)
+	for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_controls_modem_switches); idx++) {
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_ac97_controls_modem_switches[idx], ac97));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
+	}
 
 	/* build chip specific controls */
-	if (ac97->build_ops->build_specific)
-		if ((err = ac97->build_ops->build_specific(ac97)) < 0)
+	if (ac97->build_ops->build_specific) {
+		err = ac97->build_ops->build_specific(ac97);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
+	}
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -1916,7 +1977,8 @@ int snd_ac97_bus(struct snd_card *card, int num,
 	bus->clock = 48000;
 	spin_lock_init(&bus->bus_lock);
 	snd_ac97_bus_proc_init(bus);
-	if ((err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_BUS, bus, &dev_ops)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_BUS, bus, &dev_ops);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_ac97_bus_free(bus);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -1944,7 +2006,8 @@ static int snd_ac97_dev_register(struct snd_device *device)
 	dev_set_name(&ac97->dev, "%d-%d:%s",
 		     ac97->bus->card->number, ac97->num,
 		     snd_ac97_get_short_name(ac97));
-	if ((err = device_register(&ac97->dev)) < 0) {
+	err = device_register(&ac97->dev);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		ac97_err(ac97, "Can't register ac97 bus\n");
 		ac97->dev.bus = NULL;
 		return err;
@@ -2095,7 +2158,8 @@ int snd_ac97_mixer(struct snd_ac97_bus *bus, struct snd_ac97_template *template,
 	if (!(ac97->scaps & AC97_SCAP_SKIP_AUDIO) && !(ac97->scaps & AC97_SCAP_AUDIO)) {
 		/* test if we can write to the record gain volume register */
 		snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_REC_GAIN, 0x8a06);
-		if (((err = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_REC_GAIN)) & 0x7fff) == 0x0a06)
+		err = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_REC_GAIN);
+		if ((err & 0x7fff) == 0x0a06)
 			ac97->scaps |= AC97_SCAP_AUDIO;
 	}
 	if (ac97->scaps & AC97_SCAP_AUDIO) {
@@ -2248,7 +2312,8 @@ int snd_ac97_mixer(struct snd_ac97_bus *bus, struct snd_ac97_template *template,
 			}
 		}
 		sprintf(comp, "AC97a:%08x", ac97->id);
-		if ((err = snd_component_add(card, comp)) < 0) {
+		err = snd_component_add(card, comp);
+		if (err < 0) {
 			snd_ac97_free(ac97);
 			return err;
 		}
@@ -2268,7 +2333,8 @@ int snd_ac97_mixer(struct snd_ac97_bus *bus, struct snd_ac97_template *template,
 			}
 		}
 		sprintf(comp, "AC97m:%08x", ac97->id);
-		if ((err = snd_component_add(card, comp)) < 0) {
+		err = snd_component_add(card, comp);
+		if (err < 0) {
 			snd_ac97_free(ac97);
 			return err;
 		}
@@ -2280,7 +2346,8 @@ int snd_ac97_mixer(struct snd_ac97_bus *bus, struct snd_ac97_template *template,
 	if (ac97_is_audio(ac97))
 		update_power_regs(ac97);
 	snd_ac97_proc_init(ac97);
-	if ((err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_CODEC, ac97, &ops)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_CODEC, ac97, &ops);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_ac97_free(ac97);
 		return err;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/pci/ac97/ac97_patch.c b/sound/pci/ac97/ac97_patch.c
index 1627a74baf3c..025c1666c1fc 100644
--- a/sound/pci/ac97/ac97_patch.c
+++ b/sound/pci/ac97/ac97_patch.c
@@ -29,9 +29,11 @@ static int patch_build_controls(struct snd_ac97 * ac97, const struct snd_kcontro
 {
 	int idx, err;
 
-	for (idx = 0; idx < count; idx++)
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(ac97->bus->card, snd_ac97_cnew(&controls[idx], ac97))) < 0)
+	for (idx = 0; idx < count; idx++) {
+		err = snd_ctl_add(ac97->bus->card, snd_ac97_cnew(&controls[idx], ac97));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
+	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -416,7 +418,8 @@ static int patch_yamaha_ymf753_post_spdif(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
 {
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = patch_build_controls(ac97, snd_ac97_ymf753_controls_spdif, ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_ymf753_controls_spdif))) < 0)
+	err = patch_build_controls(ac97, snd_ac97_ymf753_controls_spdif, ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_ymf753_controls_spdif));
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -461,7 +464,8 @@ static int patch_wolfson_wm9703_specific(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
 	int err, i;
 	
 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(wm97xx_snd_ac97_controls); i++) {
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(ac97->bus->card, snd_ac97_cnew(&wm97xx_snd_ac97_controls[i], ac97))) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(ac97->bus->card, snd_ac97_cnew(&wm97xx_snd_ac97_controls[i], ac97));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97,  AC97_WM97XX_FMIXER_VOL, 0x0808);
@@ -491,7 +495,8 @@ static int patch_wolfson_wm9704_specific(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
 {
 	int err, i;
 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(wm9704_snd_ac97_controls); i++) {
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(ac97->bus->card, snd_ac97_cnew(&wm9704_snd_ac97_controls[i], ac97))) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(ac97->bus->card, snd_ac97_cnew(&wm9704_snd_ac97_controls[i], ac97));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 	/* patch for DVD noise */
@@ -631,7 +636,8 @@ static int patch_wolfson_wm9711_specific(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
 	int err, i;
 	
 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(wm9711_snd_ac97_controls); i++) {
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(ac97->bus->card, snd_ac97_cnew(&wm9711_snd_ac97_controls[i], ac97))) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(ac97->bus->card, snd_ac97_cnew(&wm9711_snd_ac97_controls[i], ac97));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97,  AC97_CODEC_CLASS_REV, 0x0808);
@@ -798,7 +804,8 @@ static int patch_wolfson_wm9713_3d (struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
 	int err, i;
     
 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(wm13_snd_ac97_controls_3d); i++) {
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(ac97->bus->card, snd_ac97_cnew(&wm13_snd_ac97_controls_3d[i], ac97))) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(ac97->bus->card, snd_ac97_cnew(&wm13_snd_ac97_controls_3d[i], ac97));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 	return 0;
@@ -809,7 +816,8 @@ static int patch_wolfson_wm9713_specific(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
 	int err, i;
 	
 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(wm13_snd_ac97_controls); i++) {
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(ac97->bus->card, snd_ac97_cnew(&wm13_snd_ac97_controls[i], ac97))) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(ac97->bus->card, snd_ac97_cnew(&wm13_snd_ac97_controls[i], ac97));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_PC_BEEP, 0x0808);
@@ -883,7 +891,8 @@ static int patch_sigmatel_stac9700_3d(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
 	struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(ac97->bus->card, kctl = snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_3d[0], ac97))) < 0)
+	err = snd_ctl_add(ac97->bus->card, kctl = snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_3d[0], ac97));
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	strcpy(kctl->id.name, "3D Control Sigmatel - Depth");
 	kctl->private_value = AC97_SINGLE_VALUE(AC97_3D_CONTROL, 2, 3, 0);
@@ -896,11 +905,15 @@ static int patch_sigmatel_stac9708_3d(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
 	struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(ac97->bus->card, kctl = snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_3d[0], ac97))) < 0)
+	kctl = snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_3d[0], ac97);
+	err = snd_ctl_add(ac97->bus->card, kctl);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	strcpy(kctl->id.name, "3D Control Sigmatel - Depth");
 	kctl->private_value = AC97_SINGLE_VALUE(AC97_3D_CONTROL, 0, 3, 0);
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(ac97->bus->card, kctl = snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_3d[0], ac97))) < 0)
+	kctl = snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_3d[0], ac97);
+	err = snd_ctl_add(ac97->bus->card, kctl);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	strcpy(kctl->id.name, "3D Control Sigmatel - Rear Depth");
 	kctl->private_value = AC97_SINGLE_VALUE(AC97_3D_CONTROL, 2, 3, 0);
@@ -927,18 +940,26 @@ static int patch_sigmatel_stac97xx_specific(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
 	int err;
 
 	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_SIGMATEL_ANALOG, snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_SIGMATEL_ANALOG) & ~0x0003);
-	if (snd_ac97_try_bit(ac97, AC97_SIGMATEL_ANALOG, 1))
-		if ((err = patch_build_controls(ac97, &snd_ac97_sigmatel_controls[0], 1)) < 0)
+	if (snd_ac97_try_bit(ac97, AC97_SIGMATEL_ANALOG, 1)) {
+		err = patch_build_controls(ac97, &snd_ac97_sigmatel_controls[0], 1);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
-	if (snd_ac97_try_bit(ac97, AC97_SIGMATEL_ANALOG, 0))
-		if ((err = patch_build_controls(ac97, &snd_ac97_sigmatel_controls[1], 1)) < 0)
+	}
+	if (snd_ac97_try_bit(ac97, AC97_SIGMATEL_ANALOG, 0)) {
+		err = patch_build_controls(ac97, &snd_ac97_sigmatel_controls[1], 1);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
-	if (snd_ac97_try_bit(ac97, AC97_SIGMATEL_DAC2INVERT, 2))
-		if ((err = patch_build_controls(ac97, &snd_ac97_sigmatel_4speaker, 1)) < 0)
+	}
+	if (snd_ac97_try_bit(ac97, AC97_SIGMATEL_DAC2INVERT, 2)) {
+		err = patch_build_controls(ac97, &snd_ac97_sigmatel_4speaker, 1);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
-	if (snd_ac97_try_bit(ac97, AC97_SIGMATEL_DAC2INVERT, 3))
-		if ((err = patch_build_controls(ac97, &snd_ac97_sigmatel_phaseinvert, 1)) < 0)
+	}
+	if (snd_ac97_try_bit(ac97, AC97_SIGMATEL_DAC2INVERT, 3)) {
+		err = patch_build_controls(ac97, &snd_ac97_sigmatel_phaseinvert, 1);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
+	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -984,7 +1005,8 @@ static int patch_sigmatel_stac9708_specific(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
 	snd_ac97_remove_ctl(ac97, "PCM Out Path & Mute", NULL);
 
 	snd_ac97_rename_vol_ctl(ac97, "Headphone Playback", "Sigmatel Surround Playback");
-	if ((err = patch_build_controls(ac97, &snd_ac97_stac9708_bias_control, 1)) < 0)
+	err = patch_build_controls(ac97, &snd_ac97_stac9708_bias_control, 1);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	return patch_sigmatel_stac97xx_specific(ac97);
 }
@@ -1262,14 +1284,17 @@ static int patch_cirrus_build_spdif(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
 	int err;
 
 	/* con mask, pro mask, default */
-	if ((err = patch_build_controls(ac97, &snd_ac97_controls_spdif[0], 3)) < 0)
+	err = patch_build_controls(ac97, &snd_ac97_controls_spdif[0], 3);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	/* switch, spsa */
-	if ((err = patch_build_controls(ac97, &snd_ac97_cirrus_controls_spdif[0], 1)) < 0)
+	err = patch_build_controls(ac97, &snd_ac97_cirrus_controls_spdif[0], 1);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	switch (ac97->id & AC97_ID_CS_MASK) {
 	case AC97_ID_CS4205:
-		if ((err = patch_build_controls(ac97, &snd_ac97_cirrus_controls_spdif[1], 1)) < 0)
+		err = patch_build_controls(ac97, &snd_ac97_cirrus_controls_spdif[1], 1);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 		break;
 	}
@@ -1324,10 +1349,12 @@ static int patch_conexant_build_spdif(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
 	int err;
 
 	/* con mask, pro mask, default */
-	if ((err = patch_build_controls(ac97, &snd_ac97_controls_spdif[0], 3)) < 0)
+	err = patch_build_controls(ac97, &snd_ac97_controls_spdif[0], 3);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	/* switch */
-	if ((err = patch_build_controls(ac97, &snd_ac97_conexant_controls_spdif[0], 1)) < 0)
+	err = patch_build_controls(ac97, &snd_ac97_conexant_controls_spdif[0], 1);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	/* set default PCM S/PDIF params */
 	/* consumer,PCM audio,no copyright,no preemphasis,PCM coder,original,48000Hz */
@@ -1592,7 +1619,8 @@ static int patch_ad1885_specific(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
 {
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = patch_build_controls(ac97, snd_ac97_controls_ad1885, ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_controls_ad1885))) < 0)
+	err = patch_build_controls(ac97, snd_ac97_controls_ad1885, ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_controls_ad1885));
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	reset_tlv(ac97, "Headphone Playback Volume",
 		  db_scale_6bit_6db_max);
@@ -1875,7 +1903,8 @@ static int patch_ad1981b_specific(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
 {
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = patch_build_controls(ac97, &snd_ac97_ad198x_2cmic, 1)) < 0)
+	err = patch_build_controls(ac97, &snd_ac97_ad198x_2cmic, 1);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	if (check_list(ac97, ad1981_jacks_denylist))
 		return 0;
@@ -2060,7 +2089,8 @@ static int patch_ad1980_specific(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
 {
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = patch_ad1888_specific(ac97)) < 0)
+	err = patch_ad1888_specific(ac97);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	return patch_build_controls(ac97, &snd_ac97_ad198x_2cmic, 1);
 }
@@ -2168,7 +2198,8 @@ static int patch_ad1985_specific(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
 				"Master Surround Playback");
 	snd_ac97_rename_vol_ctl(ac97, "Headphone Playback", "Master Playback");
 
-	if ((err = patch_build_controls(ac97, &snd_ac97_ad198x_2cmic, 1)) < 0)
+	err = patch_build_controls(ac97, &snd_ac97_ad198x_2cmic, 1);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	return patch_build_controls(ac97, snd_ac97_ad1985_controls,
@@ -2460,7 +2491,8 @@ static int patch_ad1986_specific(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
 {
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = patch_build_controls(ac97, &snd_ac97_ad198x_2cmic, 1)) < 0)
+	err = patch_build_controls(ac97, &snd_ac97_ad198x_2cmic, 1);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	return patch_build_controls(ac97, snd_ac97_ad1986_controls,
@@ -2582,10 +2614,12 @@ static int patch_alc650_specific(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
 {
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = patch_build_controls(ac97, snd_ac97_controls_alc650, ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_controls_alc650))) < 0)
+	err = patch_build_controls(ac97, snd_ac97_controls_alc650, ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_controls_alc650));
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	if (ac97->ext_id & AC97_EI_SPDIF) {
-		if ((err = patch_build_controls(ac97, snd_ac97_spdif_controls_alc650, ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_spdif_controls_alc650))) < 0)
+		err = patch_build_controls(ac97, snd_ac97_spdif_controls_alc650, ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_spdif_controls_alc650));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 	if (ac97->id != AC97_ID_ALC650F)
@@ -2735,10 +2769,12 @@ static int patch_alc655_specific(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
 {
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = patch_build_controls(ac97, snd_ac97_controls_alc655, ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_controls_alc655))) < 0)
+	err = patch_build_controls(ac97, snd_ac97_controls_alc655, ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_controls_alc655));
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	if (ac97->ext_id & AC97_EI_SPDIF) {
-		if ((err = patch_build_controls(ac97, snd_ac97_spdif_controls_alc655, ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_spdif_controls_alc655))) < 0)
+		err = patch_build_controls(ac97, snd_ac97_spdif_controls_alc655, ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_spdif_controls_alc655));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 	return 0;
@@ -2847,10 +2883,12 @@ static int patch_alc850_specific(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
 {
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = patch_build_controls(ac97, snd_ac97_controls_alc850, ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_controls_alc850))) < 0)
+	err = patch_build_controls(ac97, snd_ac97_controls_alc850, ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_controls_alc850));
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	if (ac97->ext_id & AC97_EI_SPDIF) {
-		if ((err = patch_build_controls(ac97, snd_ac97_spdif_controls_alc655, ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_spdif_controls_alc655))) < 0)
+		err = patch_build_controls(ac97, snd_ac97_spdif_controls_alc655, ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_spdif_controls_alc655));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 	return 0;
@@ -3437,10 +3475,13 @@ static int patch_vt1616_specific(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
 	struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;
 	int err;
 
-	if (snd_ac97_try_bit(ac97, 0x5a, 9))
-		if ((err = patch_build_controls(ac97, &snd_ac97_controls_vt1616[0], 1)) < 0)
+	if (snd_ac97_try_bit(ac97, 0x5a, 9)) {
+		err = patch_build_controls(ac97, &snd_ac97_controls_vt1616[0], 1);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
-	if ((err = patch_build_controls(ac97, &snd_ac97_controls_vt1616[1], ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_controls_vt1616) - 1)) < 0)
+	}
+	err = patch_build_controls(ac97, &snd_ac97_controls_vt1616[1], ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_controls_vt1616) - 1);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	/* There is already a misnamed master switch.  Rename it.  */
@@ -3810,9 +3851,11 @@ static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_spdif_controls_it2646[] = {
 static int patch_it2646_specific(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
 {
 	int err;
-	if ((err = patch_build_controls(ac97, snd_ac97_controls_it2646, ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_controls_it2646))) < 0)
+	err = patch_build_controls(ac97, snd_ac97_controls_it2646, ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_controls_it2646));
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
-	if ((err = patch_build_controls(ac97, snd_ac97_spdif_controls_it2646, ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_spdif_controls_it2646))) < 0)
+	err = patch_build_controls(ac97, snd_ac97_spdif_controls_it2646, ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_spdif_controls_it2646));
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -3845,9 +3888,11 @@ AC97_DOUBLE("Modem Speaker Volume", 0x5c, 14, 12, 3, 1)
 static int patch_si3036_specific(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
 {
 	int idx, err;
-	for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_controls_si3036); idx++)
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(ac97->bus->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_ac97_controls_si3036[idx], ac97))) < 0)
+	for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_controls_si3036); idx++) {
+		err = snd_ctl_add(ac97->bus->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_ac97_controls_si3036[idx], ac97));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
+	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -3912,9 +3957,11 @@ AC97_SINGLE("Smart Low Power Mode", 0x6c, 4, 3, 0),
 static int patch_ucb1400_specific(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
 {
 	int idx, err;
-	for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_controls_ucb1400); idx++)
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(ac97->bus->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_ac97_controls_ucb1400[idx], ac97))) < 0)
+	for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_controls_ucb1400); idx++) {
+		err = snd_ctl_add(ac97->bus->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_ac97_controls_ucb1400[idx], ac97));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
+	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
diff --git a/sound/pci/ad1889.c b/sound/pci/ad1889.c
index 4520022801d9..5c78951dd596 100644
--- a/sound/pci/ad1889.c
+++ b/sound/pci/ad1889.c
@@ -852,7 +852,8 @@ snd_ad1889_create(struct snd_card *card,
 
 	*rchip = NULL;
 
-	if ((err = pci_enable_device(pci)) < 0)
+	err = pci_enable_device(pci);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	/* check PCI availability (32bit DMA) */
@@ -863,7 +864,8 @@ snd_ad1889_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	}
 
 	/* allocate chip specific data with zero-filled memory */
-	if ((chip = kzalloc(sizeof(*chip), GFP_KERNEL)) == NULL) {
+	chip = kzalloc(sizeof(*chip), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!chip) {
 		pci_disable_device(pci);
 		return -ENOMEM;
 	}
@@ -874,7 +876,8 @@ snd_ad1889_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	chip->irq = -1;
 
 	/* (1) PCI resource allocation */
-	if ((err = pci_request_regions(pci, card->driver)) < 0)
+	err = pci_request_regions(pci, card->driver);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto free_and_ret;
 
 	chip->bar = pci_resource_start(pci, 0);
@@ -900,12 +903,14 @@ snd_ad1889_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	card->sync_irq = chip->irq;
 
 	/* (2) initialization of the chip hardware */
-	if ((err = snd_ad1889_init(chip)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_ad1889_init(chip);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_ad1889_free(chip);
 		return err;
 	}
 
-	if ((err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_ad1889_free(chip);
 		return err;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/pci/ak4531_codec.c b/sound/pci/ak4531_codec.c
index e0a81f99f79a..6af88e7b86f8 100644
--- a/sound/pci/ak4531_codec.c
+++ b/sound/pci/ak4531_codec.c
@@ -384,7 +384,8 @@ int snd_ak4531_mixer(struct snd_card *card,
 		return -ENOMEM;
 	*ak4531 = *_ak4531;
 	mutex_init(&ak4531->reg_mutex);
-	if ((err = snd_component_add(card, "AK4531")) < 0) {
+	err = snd_component_add(card, "AK4531");
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_ak4531_free(ak4531);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -398,13 +399,15 @@ int snd_ak4531_mixer(struct snd_card *card,
 		ak4531->write(ak4531, idx, ak4531->regs[idx] = snd_ak4531_initial_map[idx]);	/* recording source is mixer */
 	}
 	for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ak4531_controls); idx++) {
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_ak4531_controls[idx], ak4531))) < 0) {
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_ak4531_controls[idx], ak4531));
+		if (err < 0) {
 			snd_ak4531_free(ak4531);
 			return err;
 		}
 	}
 	snd_ak4531_proc_init(card, ak4531);
-	if ((err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_CODEC, ak4531, &ops)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_CODEC, ak4531, &ops);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_ak4531_free(ak4531);
 		return err;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/pci/als300.c b/sound/pci/als300.c
index bd4fd09e982b..668008fc21f7 100644
--- a/sound/pci/als300.c
+++ b/sound/pci/als300.c
@@ -298,7 +298,8 @@ static int snd_als300_ac97(struct snd_als300 *chip)
 		.read = snd_als300_ac97_read,
 	};
 
-	if ((err = snd_ac97_bus(chip->card, 0, &ops, NULL, &bus)) < 0)
+	err = snd_ac97_bus(chip->card, 0, &ops, NULL, &bus);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	memset(&ac97, 0, sizeof(ac97));
@@ -621,7 +622,8 @@ static int snd_als300_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	};
 	*rchip = NULL;
 
-	if ((err = pci_enable_device(pci)) < 0)
+	err = pci_enable_device(pci);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	if (dma_set_mask_and_coherent(&pci->dev, DMA_BIT_MASK(28))) {
@@ -643,7 +645,8 @@ static int snd_als300_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	chip->chip_type = chip_type;
 	spin_lock_init(&chip->reg_lock);
 
-	if ((err = pci_request_regions(pci, "ALS300")) < 0) {
+	err = pci_request_regions(pci, "ALS300");
+	if (err < 0) {
 		kfree(chip);
 		pci_disable_device(pci);
 		return err;
@@ -673,14 +676,15 @@ static int snd_als300_create(struct snd_card *card,
 		return err;
 	}
 
-	if ((err = snd_als300_new_pcm(chip)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_als300_new_pcm(chip);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		dev_err(card->dev, "Could not create PCM\n");
 		snd_als300_free(chip);
 		return err;
 	}
 
-	if ((err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL,
-						chip, &ops)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_als300_free(chip);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -741,7 +745,8 @@ static int snd_als300_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 
 	chip_type = pci_id->driver_data;
 
-	if ((err = snd_als300_create(card, pci, chip_type, &chip)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_als300_create(card, pci, chip_type, &chip);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -758,7 +763,8 @@ static int snd_als300_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	sprintf(card->longname, "%s at 0x%lx irq %i",
 				card->shortname, chip->port, chip->irq);
 
-	if ((err = snd_card_register(card)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/pci/als4000.c b/sound/pci/als4000.c
index 139ac2a3a0ef..509f317ee682 100644
--- a/sound/pci/als4000.c
+++ b/sound/pci/als4000.c
@@ -832,9 +832,10 @@ static int snd_card_als4000_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	}
 
 	/* enable PCI device */
-	if ((err = pci_enable_device(pci)) < 0) {
+	err = pci_enable_device(pci);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
-	}
+
 	/* check, if we can restrict PCI DMA transfers to 24 bits */
 	if (dma_set_mask_and_coherent(&pci->dev, DMA_BIT_MASK(24))) {
 		dev_err(&pci->dev, "architecture does not support 24bit PCI busmaster DMA\n");
@@ -842,7 +843,8 @@ static int snd_card_als4000_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 		return -ENXIO;
 	}
 
-	if ((err = pci_request_regions(pci, "ALS4000")) < 0) {
+	err = pci_request_regions(pci, "ALS4000");
+	if (err < 0) {
 		pci_disable_device(pci);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -869,17 +871,17 @@ static int snd_card_als4000_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	/* disable all legacy ISA stuff */
 	snd_als4000_set_addr(acard->iobase, 0, 0, 0, 0);
 
-	if ((err = snd_sbdsp_create(card,
-				    iobase + ALS4K_IOB_10_ADLIB_ADDR0,
-				    pci->irq,
+	err = snd_sbdsp_create(card,
+			       iobase + ALS4K_IOB_10_ADLIB_ADDR0,
+			       pci->irq,
 		/* internally registered as IRQF_SHARED in case of ALS4000 SB */
-				    snd_als4000_interrupt,
-				    -1,
-				    -1,
-				    SB_HW_ALS4000,
-				    &chip)) < 0) {
+			       snd_als4000_interrupt,
+			       -1,
+			       -1,
+			       SB_HW_ALS4000,
+			       &chip);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto out_err;
-	}
 	acard->chip = chip;
 
 	chip->pci = pci;
@@ -892,11 +894,12 @@ static int snd_card_als4000_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	sprintf(card->longname, "%s at 0x%lx, irq %i",
 		card->shortname, chip->alt_port, chip->irq);
 
-	if ((err = snd_mpu401_uart_new( card, 0, MPU401_HW_ALS4000,
-					iobase + ALS4K_IOB_30_MIDI_DATA,
-					MPU401_INFO_INTEGRATED |
-					MPU401_INFO_IRQ_HOOK,
-					-1, &chip->rmidi)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_mpu401_uart_new(card, 0, MPU401_HW_ALS4000,
+				  iobase + ALS4K_IOB_30_MIDI_DATA,
+				  MPU401_INFO_INTEGRATED |
+				  MPU401_INFO_IRQ_HOOK,
+				  -1, &chip->rmidi);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		dev_err(&pci->dev, "no MPU-401 device at 0x%lx?\n",
 				iobase + ALS4K_IOB_30_MIDI_DATA);
 		goto out_err;
@@ -907,12 +910,13 @@ static int snd_card_als4000_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	 * however there doesn't seem to be an ALSA API for this...
 	 * SPECS_PAGE: 21 */
 
-	if ((err = snd_als4000_pcm(chip, 0)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_als4000_pcm(chip, 0);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto out_err;
-	}
-	if ((err = snd_sbmixer_new(chip)) < 0) {
+
+	err = snd_sbmixer_new(chip);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto out_err;
-	}	    
 
 	if (snd_opl3_create(card,
 				iobase + ALS4K_IOB_10_ADLIB_ADDR0,
@@ -922,16 +926,17 @@ static int snd_card_als4000_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 			   iobase + ALS4K_IOB_10_ADLIB_ADDR0,
 			   iobase + ALS4K_IOB_12_ADLIB_ADDR2);
 	} else {
-		if ((err = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, 1, NULL)) < 0) {
+		err = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, 1, NULL);
+		if (err < 0)
 			goto out_err;
-		}
 	}
 
 	snd_als4000_create_gameport(acard, dev);
 
-	if ((err = snd_card_register(card)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto out_err;
-	}
+
 	pci_set_drvdata(pci, card);
 	dev++;
 	err = 0;
diff --git a/sound/pci/atiixp.c b/sound/pci/atiixp.c
index 579425ccbb6a..5f8aa35c4bea 100644
--- a/sound/pci/atiixp.c
+++ b/sound/pci/atiixp.c
@@ -1039,7 +1039,8 @@ static int snd_atiixp_pcm_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
 		/* direct SPDIF */
 		runtime->hw.formats = SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_IEC958_SUBFRAME_LE;
 	}
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_integer(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIODS)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_integer(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIODS);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	runtime->private_data = dma;
 
@@ -1415,7 +1416,8 @@ static int snd_atiixp_mixer_new(struct atiixp *chip, int clock,
 	if (snd_atiixp_codec_detect(chip) < 0)
 		return -ENXIO;
 
-	if ((err = snd_ac97_bus(chip->card, 0, &ops, chip, &pbus)) < 0)
+	err = snd_ac97_bus(chip->card, 0, &ops, chip, &pbus);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	pbus->clock = clock;
 	chip->ac97_bus = pbus;
@@ -1431,7 +1433,8 @@ static int snd_atiixp_mixer_new(struct atiixp *chip, int clock,
 		ac97.scaps = AC97_SCAP_SKIP_MODEM | AC97_SCAP_POWER_SAVE;
 		if (! chip->spdif_over_aclink)
 			ac97.scaps |= AC97_SCAP_NO_SPDIF;
-		if ((err = snd_ac97_mixer(pbus, &ac97, &chip->ac97[i])) < 0) {
+		err = snd_ac97_mixer(pbus, &ac97, &chip->ac97[i]);
+		if (err < 0) {
 			chip->ac97[i] = NULL; /* to be sure */
 			dev_dbg(chip->card->dev,
 				"codec %d not available for audio\n", i);
@@ -1562,7 +1565,8 @@ static int snd_atiixp_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	struct atiixp *chip;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = pci_enable_device(pci)) < 0)
+	err = pci_enable_device(pci);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	chip = kzalloc(sizeof(*chip), GFP_KERNEL);
@@ -1576,7 +1580,8 @@ static int snd_atiixp_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	chip->card = card;
 	chip->pci = pci;
 	chip->irq = -1;
-	if ((err = pci_request_regions(pci, "ATI IXP AC97")) < 0) {
+	err = pci_request_regions(pci, "ATI IXP AC97");
+	if (err < 0) {
 		pci_disable_device(pci);
 		kfree(chip);
 		return err;
@@ -1599,7 +1604,8 @@ static int snd_atiixp_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	card->sync_irq = chip->irq;
 	pci_set_master(pci);
 
-	if ((err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_atiixp_free(chip);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -1622,19 +1628,23 @@ static int snd_atiixp_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 
 	strcpy(card->driver, spdif_aclink ? "ATIIXP" : "ATIIXP-SPDMA");
 	strcpy(card->shortname, "ATI IXP");
-	if ((err = snd_atiixp_create(card, pci, &chip)) < 0)
+	err = snd_atiixp_create(card, pci, &chip);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto __error;
 	card->private_data = chip;
 
-	if ((err = snd_atiixp_aclink_reset(chip)) < 0)
+	err = snd_atiixp_aclink_reset(chip);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto __error;
 
 	chip->spdif_over_aclink = spdif_aclink;
 
-	if ((err = snd_atiixp_mixer_new(chip, ac97_clock, ac97_quirk)) < 0)
+	err = snd_atiixp_mixer_new(chip, ac97_clock, ac97_quirk);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto __error;
 
-	if ((err = snd_atiixp_pcm_new(chip)) < 0)
+	err = snd_atiixp_pcm_new(chip);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto __error;
 	
 	snd_atiixp_proc_init(chip);
@@ -1647,7 +1657,8 @@ static int snd_atiixp_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 		 chip->ac97[0] ? snd_ac97_get_short_name(chip->ac97[0]) : "?",
 		 chip->addr, chip->irq);
 
-	if ((err = snd_card_register(card)) < 0)
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto __error;
 
 	pci_set_drvdata(pci, card);
diff --git a/sound/pci/atiixp_modem.c b/sound/pci/atiixp_modem.c
index 45e75afec7a0..9739c3a82777 100644
--- a/sound/pci/atiixp_modem.c
+++ b/sound/pci/atiixp_modem.c
@@ -856,12 +856,12 @@ static int snd_atiixp_pcm_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
 	dma->substream = substream;
 	runtime->hw = snd_atiixp_pcm_hw;
 	dma->ac97_pcm_type = pcm_type;
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_list(runtime, 0,
-					      SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE,
-					      &hw_constraints_rates)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_list(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE,
+					 &hw_constraints_rates);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_integer(runtime,
-						 SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIODS)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_integer(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIODS);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	runtime->private_data = dma;
 
@@ -1058,7 +1058,8 @@ static int snd_atiixp_mixer_new(struct atiixp_modem *chip, int clock)
 	if (snd_atiixp_codec_detect(chip) < 0)
 		return -ENXIO;
 
-	if ((err = snd_ac97_bus(chip->card, 0, &ops, chip, &pbus)) < 0)
+	err = snd_ac97_bus(chip->card, 0, &ops, chip, &pbus);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	pbus->clock = clock;
 	chip->ac97_bus = pbus;
@@ -1072,7 +1073,8 @@ static int snd_atiixp_mixer_new(struct atiixp_modem *chip, int clock)
 		ac97.pci = chip->pci;
 		ac97.num = i;
 		ac97.scaps = AC97_SCAP_SKIP_AUDIO | AC97_SCAP_POWER_SAVE;
-		if ((err = snd_ac97_mixer(pbus, &ac97, &chip->ac97[i])) < 0) {
+		err = snd_ac97_mixer(pbus, &ac97, &chip->ac97[i]);
+		if (err < 0) {
 			chip->ac97[i] = NULL; /* to be sure */
 			dev_dbg(chip->card->dev,
 				"codec %d not available for modem\n", i);
@@ -1192,7 +1194,8 @@ static int snd_atiixp_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	struct atiixp_modem *chip;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = pci_enable_device(pci)) < 0)
+	err = pci_enable_device(pci);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	chip = kzalloc(sizeof(*chip), GFP_KERNEL);
@@ -1206,7 +1209,8 @@ static int snd_atiixp_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	chip->card = card;
 	chip->pci = pci;
 	chip->irq = -1;
-	if ((err = pci_request_regions(pci, "ATI IXP MC97")) < 0) {
+	err = pci_request_regions(pci, "ATI IXP MC97");
+	if (err < 0) {
 		kfree(chip);
 		pci_disable_device(pci);
 		return err;
@@ -1229,7 +1233,8 @@ static int snd_atiixp_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	card->sync_irq = chip->irq;
 	pci_set_master(pci);
 
-	if ((err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_atiixp_free(chip);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -1252,17 +1257,21 @@ static int snd_atiixp_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 
 	strcpy(card->driver, "ATIIXP-MODEM");
 	strcpy(card->shortname, "ATI IXP Modem");
-	if ((err = snd_atiixp_create(card, pci, &chip)) < 0)
+	err = snd_atiixp_create(card, pci, &chip);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto __error;
 	card->private_data = chip;
 
-	if ((err = snd_atiixp_aclink_reset(chip)) < 0)
+	err = snd_atiixp_aclink_reset(chip);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto __error;
 
-	if ((err = snd_atiixp_mixer_new(chip, ac97_clock)) < 0)
+	err = snd_atiixp_mixer_new(chip, ac97_clock);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto __error;
 
-	if ((err = snd_atiixp_pcm_new(chip)) < 0)
+	err = snd_atiixp_pcm_new(chip);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto __error;
 	
 	snd_atiixp_proc_init(chip);
@@ -1272,7 +1281,8 @@ static int snd_atiixp_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	sprintf(card->longname, "%s rev %x at 0x%lx, irq %i",
 		card->shortname, pci->revision, chip->addr, chip->irq);
 
-	if ((err = snd_card_register(card)) < 0)
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto __error;
 
 	pci_set_drvdata(pci, card);
diff --git a/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0.c b/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0.c
index 1b37b7225b1d..1f7fee470266 100644
--- a/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0.c
+++ b/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0.c
@@ -46,8 +46,9 @@ MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(pci, snd_vortex_ids);
 static void vortex_fix_latency(struct pci_dev *vortex)
 {
 	int rc;
-	if (!(rc = pci_write_config_byte(vortex, 0x40, 0xff))) {
-			dev_info(&vortex->dev, "vortex latency is 0xff\n");
+	rc = pci_write_config_byte(vortex, 0x40, 0xff);
+	if (!rc) {
+		dev_info(&vortex->dev, "vortex latency is 0xff\n");
 	} else {
 		dev_warn(&vortex->dev,
 			 "could not set vortex latency: pci error 0x%x\n", rc);
@@ -65,9 +66,12 @@ static void vortex_fix_agp_bridge(struct pci_dev *via)
 	 * read the config and it is not already set
 	 */
 
-	if (!(rc = pci_read_config_byte(via, 0x42, &value))
-			&& ((value & 0x10)
-				|| !(rc = pci_write_config_byte(via, 0x42, value | 0x10)))) {
+	rc = pci_read_config_byte(via, 0x42, &value);
+	if (!rc) {
+		if (!(value & 0x10))
+			rc = pci_write_config_byte(via, 0x42, value | 0x10);
+	}
+	if (!rc) {
 		dev_info(&via->dev, "bridge config is 0x%x\n", value | 0x10);
 	} else {
 		dev_warn(&via->dev,
@@ -102,14 +106,16 @@ static void snd_vortex_workaround(struct pci_dev *vortex, int fix)
 	} else {
 		if (fix & 0x1)
 			vortex_fix_latency(vortex);
-		if ((fix & 0x2) && (via = pci_get_device(PCI_VENDOR_ID_VIA,
-				PCI_DEVICE_ID_VIA_8365_1, NULL)))
-			vortex_fix_agp_bridge(via);
-		if ((fix & 0x4) && (via = pci_get_device(PCI_VENDOR_ID_VIA,
-				PCI_DEVICE_ID_VIA_82C598_1, NULL)))
-			vortex_fix_agp_bridge(via);
-		if ((fix & 0x8) && (via = pci_get_device(PCI_VENDOR_ID_AMD,
-				PCI_DEVICE_ID_AMD_FE_GATE_7007, NULL)))
+		if (fix & 0x2)
+			via = pci_get_device(PCI_VENDOR_ID_VIA,
+					     PCI_DEVICE_ID_VIA_8365_1, NULL);
+		else if (fix & 0x4)
+			via = pci_get_device(PCI_VENDOR_ID_VIA,
+					     PCI_DEVICE_ID_VIA_82C598_1, NULL);
+		else if (fix & 0x8)
+			via = pci_get_device(PCI_VENDOR_ID_AMD,
+					     PCI_DEVICE_ID_AMD_FE_GATE_7007, NULL);
+		if (via)
 			vortex_fix_agp_bridge(via);
 	}
 	pci_dev_put(via);
@@ -147,7 +153,8 @@ snd_vortex_create(struct snd_card *card, struct pci_dev *pci, vortex_t ** rchip)
 	*rchip = NULL;
 
 	// check PCI availability (DMA).
-	if ((err = pci_enable_device(pci)) < 0)
+	err = pci_enable_device(pci);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	if (dma_set_mask_and_coherent(&pci->dev, DMA_BIT_MASK(32))) {
 		dev_err(card->dev, "error to set DMA mask\n");
@@ -174,7 +181,8 @@ snd_vortex_create(struct snd_card *card, struct pci_dev *pci, vortex_t ** rchip)
 	// (1) PCI resource allocation
 	// Get MMIO area
 	//
-	if ((err = pci_request_regions(pci, CARD_NAME_SHORT)) != 0)
+	err = pci_request_regions(pci, CARD_NAME_SHORT);
+	if (err)
 		goto regions_out;
 
 	chip->mmio = pci_ioremap_bar(pci, 0);
@@ -187,14 +195,15 @@ snd_vortex_create(struct snd_card *card, struct pci_dev *pci, vortex_t ** rchip)
 	/* Init audio core.
 	 * This must be done before we do request_irq otherwise we can get spurious
 	 * interrupts that we do not handle properly and make a mess of things */
-	if ((err = vortex_core_init(chip)) != 0) {
+	err = vortex_core_init(chip);
+	if (err) {
 		dev_err(card->dev, "hw core init failed\n");
 		goto core_out;
 	}
 
-	if ((err = request_irq(pci->irq, vortex_interrupt,
-			       IRQF_SHARED, KBUILD_MODNAME,
-	                       chip)) != 0) {
+	err = request_irq(pci->irq, vortex_interrupt,
+			  IRQF_SHARED, KBUILD_MODNAME, chip);
+	if (err) {
 		dev_err(card->dev, "cannot grab irq\n");
 		goto irq_out;
 	}
@@ -205,9 +214,9 @@ snd_vortex_create(struct snd_card *card, struct pci_dev *pci, vortex_t ** rchip)
 	// End of PCI setup.
 
 	// Register alsa root device.
-	if ((err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto alloc_out;
-	}
 
 	*rchip = chip;
 
@@ -252,7 +261,8 @@ snd_vortex_probe(struct pci_dev *pci, const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
 		return err;
 
 	// (3)
-	if ((err = snd_vortex_create(card, pci, &chip)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_vortex_create(card, pci, &chip);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -278,12 +288,14 @@ snd_vortex_probe(struct pci_dev *pci, const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
 	}
 #ifndef CHIP_AU8820
 	// ADB SPDIF
-	if ((err = snd_vortex_new_pcm(chip, VORTEX_PCM_SPDIF, 1)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_vortex_new_pcm(chip, VORTEX_PCM_SPDIF, 1);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
 	// A3D
-	if ((err = snd_vortex_new_pcm(chip, VORTEX_PCM_A3D, NR_A3D)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_vortex_new_pcm(chip, VORTEX_PCM_A3D, NR_A3D);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -297,12 +309,14 @@ snd_vortex_probe(struct pci_dev *pci, const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
 	 */
 #ifndef CHIP_AU8810
 	// WT pcm.
-	if ((err = snd_vortex_new_pcm(chip, VORTEX_PCM_WT, NR_WT)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_vortex_new_pcm(chip, VORTEX_PCM_WT, NR_WT);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
 #endif
-	if ((err = snd_vortex_midi(chip)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_vortex_midi(chip);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -327,13 +341,13 @@ snd_vortex_probe(struct pci_dev *pci, const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
 #endif
 
 	// (5)
-	if ((err = pci_read_config_word(pci, PCI_DEVICE_ID,
-				  &(chip->device))) < 0) {
+	err = pci_read_config_word(pci, PCI_DEVICE_ID, &chip->device);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}	
-	if ((err = pci_read_config_word(pci, PCI_VENDOR_ID,
-				  &(chip->vendor))) < 0) {
+	err = pci_read_config_word(pci, PCI_VENDOR_ID, &chip->vendor);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -352,7 +366,8 @@ snd_vortex_probe(struct pci_dev *pci, const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
 #endif
 
 	// (6)
-	if ((err = snd_card_register(card)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0_a3d.c b/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0_a3d.c
index 2db183f8826a..eabaee0463fe 100644
--- a/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0_a3d.c
+++ b/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0_a3d.c
@@ -849,46 +849,50 @@ static int vortex_a3d_register_controls(vortex_t *vortex)
 	int err, i;
 	/* HRTF controls. */
 	for (i = 0; i < NR_A3D; i++) {
-		if ((kcontrol =
-		     snd_ctl_new1(&vortex_a3d_kcontrol, &vortex->a3d[i])) == NULL)
+		kcontrol = snd_ctl_new1(&vortex_a3d_kcontrol, &vortex->a3d[i]);
+		if (!kcontrol)
 			return -ENOMEM;
 		kcontrol->id.numid = CTRLID_HRTF;
 		kcontrol->info = snd_vortex_a3d_hrtf_info;
 		kcontrol->put = snd_vortex_a3d_hrtf_put;
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(vortex->card, kcontrol)) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(vortex->card, kcontrol);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 	/* ITD controls. */
 	for (i = 0; i < NR_A3D; i++) {
-		if ((kcontrol =
-		     snd_ctl_new1(&vortex_a3d_kcontrol, &vortex->a3d[i])) == NULL)
+		kcontrol = snd_ctl_new1(&vortex_a3d_kcontrol, &vortex->a3d[i]);
+		if (!kcontrol)
 			return -ENOMEM;
 		kcontrol->id.numid = CTRLID_ITD;
 		kcontrol->info = snd_vortex_a3d_itd_info;
 		kcontrol->put = snd_vortex_a3d_itd_put;
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(vortex->card, kcontrol)) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(vortex->card, kcontrol);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 	/* ILD (gains) controls. */
 	for (i = 0; i < NR_A3D; i++) {
-		if ((kcontrol =
-		     snd_ctl_new1(&vortex_a3d_kcontrol, &vortex->a3d[i])) == NULL)
+		kcontrol = snd_ctl_new1(&vortex_a3d_kcontrol, &vortex->a3d[i]);
+		if (!kcontrol)
 			return -ENOMEM;
 		kcontrol->id.numid = CTRLID_GAINS;
 		kcontrol->info = snd_vortex_a3d_ild_info;
 		kcontrol->put = snd_vortex_a3d_ild_put;
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(vortex->card, kcontrol)) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(vortex->card, kcontrol);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 	/* Filter controls. */
 	for (i = 0; i < NR_A3D; i++) {
-		if ((kcontrol =
-		     snd_ctl_new1(&vortex_a3d_kcontrol, &vortex->a3d[i])) == NULL)
+		kcontrol = snd_ctl_new1(&vortex_a3d_kcontrol, &vortex->a3d[i]);
+		if (!kcontrol)
 			return -ENOMEM;
 		kcontrol->id.numid = CTRLID_FILTER;
 		kcontrol->info = snd_vortex_a3d_filter_info;
 		kcontrol->put = snd_vortex_a3d_filter_put;
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(vortex->card, kcontrol)) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(vortex->card, kcontrol);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 	return 0;
diff --git a/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0_core.c b/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0_core.c
index 5180f1bd1326..2ed5100b8cae 100644
--- a/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0_core.c
+++ b/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0_core.c
@@ -2120,9 +2120,9 @@ vortex_adb_allocroute(vortex_t *vortex, int dma, int nr_ch, int dir,
 				      VORTEX_RESOURCE_DMA);
 	} else {
 		en = 1;
-		if ((dma =
-		     vortex_adb_checkinout(vortex, NULL, en,
-					   VORTEX_RESOURCE_DMA)) < 0)
+		dma = vortex_adb_checkinout(vortex, NULL, en,
+					    VORTEX_RESOURCE_DMA);
+		if (dma < 0)
 			return -EBUSY;
 	}
 
@@ -2140,18 +2140,20 @@ vortex_adb_allocroute(vortex_t *vortex, int dma, int nr_ch, int dir,
 		/* Get SRC and MIXER hardware resources. */
 		if (stream->type != VORTEX_PCM_SPDIF) {
 			for (i = 0; i < nr_ch; i++) {
-				if ((src[i] = vortex_adb_checkinout(vortex,
-							   stream->resources, en,
-							   VORTEX_RESOURCE_SRC)) < 0) {
+				src[i] = vortex_adb_checkinout(vortex,
+							       stream->resources, en,
+							       VORTEX_RESOURCE_SRC);
+				if (src[i] < 0) {
 					memset(stream->resources, 0,
 					       sizeof(stream->resources));
 					return -EBUSY;
 				}
 				if (stream->type != VORTEX_PCM_A3D) {
-					if ((mix[i] = vortex_adb_checkinout(vortex,
-								   stream->resources,
-								   en,
-								   VORTEX_RESOURCE_MIXIN)) < 0) {
+					mix[i] = vortex_adb_checkinout(vortex,
+								       stream->resources,
+								       en,
+								       VORTEX_RESOURCE_MIXIN);
+					if (mix[i] < 0) {
 						memset(stream->resources,
 						       0,
 						       sizeof(stream->resources));
@@ -2162,10 +2164,10 @@ vortex_adb_allocroute(vortex_t *vortex, int dma, int nr_ch, int dir,
 		}
 #ifndef CHIP_AU8820
 		if (stream->type == VORTEX_PCM_A3D) {
-			if ((a3d =
-			     vortex_adb_checkinout(vortex,
-						   stream->resources, en,
-						   VORTEX_RESOURCE_A3D)) < 0) {
+			a3d = vortex_adb_checkinout(vortex,
+						    stream->resources, en,
+						    VORTEX_RESOURCE_A3D);
+			if (a3d < 0) {
 				memset(stream->resources, 0,
 				       sizeof(stream->resources));
 				dev_err(vortex->card->dev,
@@ -2278,19 +2280,18 @@ vortex_adb_allocroute(vortex_t *vortex, int dma, int nr_ch, int dir,
 
 		/* Get SRC and MIXER hardware resources. */
 		for (i = 0; i < nr_ch; i++) {
-			if ((mix[i] =
-			     vortex_adb_checkinout(vortex,
-						   stream->resources, en,
-						   VORTEX_RESOURCE_MIXOUT))
-			    < 0) {
+			mix[i] = vortex_adb_checkinout(vortex,
+						       stream->resources, en,
+						       VORTEX_RESOURCE_MIXOUT);
+			if (mix[i] < 0) {
 				memset(stream->resources, 0,
 				       sizeof(stream->resources));
 				return -EBUSY;
 			}
-			if ((src[i] =
-			     vortex_adb_checkinout(vortex,
-						   stream->resources, en,
-						   VORTEX_RESOURCE_SRC)) < 0) {
+			src[i] = vortex_adb_checkinout(vortex,
+						       stream->resources, en,
+						       VORTEX_RESOURCE_SRC);
+			if (src[i] < 0) {
 				memset(stream->resources, 0,
 				       sizeof(stream->resources));
 				return -EBUSY;
diff --git a/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0_eq.c b/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0_eq.c
index 58e92f2a72c0..71c13100d7ef 100644
--- a/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0_eq.c
+++ b/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0_eq.c
@@ -873,29 +873,33 @@ static int vortex_eq_init(vortex_t *vortex)
 
 	vortex_Eqlzr_init(vortex);
 
-	if ((kcontrol =
-	     snd_ctl_new1(&vortex_eqtoggle_kcontrol, vortex)) == NULL)
+	kcontrol = snd_ctl_new1(&vortex_eqtoggle_kcontrol, vortex);
+	if (!kcontrol)
 		return -ENOMEM;
 	kcontrol->private_value = 0;
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(vortex->card, kcontrol)) < 0)
+	err = snd_ctl_add(vortex->card, kcontrol);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	/* EQ gain controls */
 	for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
-		if ((kcontrol =
-		     snd_ctl_new1(&vortex_eq_kcontrol, vortex)) == NULL)
+		kcontrol = snd_ctl_new1(&vortex_eq_kcontrol, vortex);
+		if (!kcontrol)
 			return -ENOMEM;
 		snprintf(kcontrol->id.name, sizeof(kcontrol->id.name),
 			"%s Playback Volume", EqBandLabels[i]);
 		kcontrol->private_value = i;
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(vortex->card, kcontrol)) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(vortex->card, kcontrol);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 		//vortex->eqctrl[i] = kcontrol;
 	}
 	/* EQ band levels */
-	if ((kcontrol = snd_ctl_new1(&vortex_levels_kcontrol, vortex)) == NULL)
+	kcontrol = snd_ctl_new1(&vortex_levels_kcontrol, vortex);
+	if (!kcontrol)
 		return -ENOMEM;
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(vortex->card, kcontrol)) < 0)
+	err = snd_ctl_add(vortex->card, kcontrol);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	return 0;
diff --git a/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0_mixer.c b/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0_mixer.c
index 5b647682b683..aeba684b8d18 100644
--- a/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0_mixer.c
+++ b/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0_mixer.c
@@ -30,7 +30,8 @@ static int snd_vortex_mixer(vortex_t *vortex)
 		.read = vortex_codec_read,
 	};
 
-	if ((err = snd_ac97_bus(vortex->card, 0, &ops, NULL, &pbus)) < 0)
+	err = snd_ac97_bus(vortex->card, 0, &ops, NULL, &pbus);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	memset(&ac97, 0, sizeof(ac97));
 	// Initialize AC97 codec stuff.
diff --git a/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0_mpu401.c b/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0_mpu401.c
index 603494e7d30e..164f6b7039ab 100644
--- a/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0_mpu401.c
+++ b/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0_mpu401.c
@@ -68,9 +68,9 @@ static int snd_vortex_midi(vortex_t *vortex)
 
 	/* Create MPU401 instance. */
 #ifdef VORTEX_MPU401_LEGACY
-	if ((temp =
-	     snd_mpu401_uart_new(vortex->card, 0, MPU401_HW_MPU401, 0x330,
-				 MPU401_INFO_IRQ_HOOK, -1, &rmidi)) != 0) {
+	temp = snd_mpu401_uart_new(vortex->card, 0, MPU401_HW_MPU401, 0x330,
+				   MPU401_INFO_IRQ_HOOK, -1, &rmidi);
+	if (temp) {
 		hwwrite(vortex->mmio, VORTEX_CTRL,
 			(hwread(vortex->mmio, VORTEX_CTRL) &
 			 ~CTRL_MIDI_PORT) & ~CTRL_MIDI_EN);
@@ -78,10 +78,10 @@ static int snd_vortex_midi(vortex_t *vortex)
 	}
 #else
 	port = (unsigned long)(vortex->mmio + VORTEX_MIDI_DATA);
-	if ((temp =
-	     snd_mpu401_uart_new(vortex->card, 0, MPU401_HW_AUREAL, port,
-				 MPU401_INFO_INTEGRATED | MPU401_INFO_MMIO |
-				 MPU401_INFO_IRQ_HOOK, -1, &rmidi)) != 0) {
+	temp = snd_mpu401_uart_new(vortex->card, 0, MPU401_HW_AUREAL, port,
+				   MPU401_INFO_INTEGRATED | MPU401_INFO_MMIO |
+				   MPU401_INFO_IRQ_HOOK, -1, &rmidi);
+	if (temp) {
 		hwwrite(vortex->mmio, VORTEX_CTRL,
 			(hwread(vortex->mmio, VORTEX_CTRL) &
 			 ~CTRL_MIDI_PORT) & ~CTRL_MIDI_EN);
diff --git a/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0_pcm.c b/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0_pcm.c
index d019aa566de3..546f71220604 100644
--- a/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0_pcm.c
+++ b/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0_pcm.c
@@ -130,14 +130,14 @@ static int snd_vortex_pcm_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 	int err;
 	
 	/* Force equal size periods */
-	if ((err =
-	     snd_pcm_hw_constraint_integer(runtime,
-					   SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIODS)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_integer(runtime,
+					    SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIODS);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	/* Avoid PAGE_SIZE boundary to fall inside of a period. */
-	if ((err =
-	     snd_pcm_hw_constraint_pow2(runtime, 0,
-					SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_BYTES)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_pow2(runtime, 0,
+					 SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_BYTES);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	snd_pcm_hw_constraint_step(runtime, 0,
@@ -658,7 +658,8 @@ static int snd_vortex_new_pcm(vortex_t *chip, int idx, int nr)
 			kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_vortex_mixer_spdif[i], chip);
 			if (!kctl)
 				return -ENOMEM;
-			if ((err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, kctl)) < 0)
+			err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, kctl);
+			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/sound/pci/azt3328.c b/sound/pci/azt3328.c
index 51dcf1bc4c0c..4ee7ab409807 100644
--- a/sound/pci/azt3328.c
+++ b/sound/pci/azt3328.c
@@ -1194,7 +1194,8 @@ snd_azf3328_mixer_new(struct snd_azf3328 *chip)
 	sw = snd_azf3328_mixer_controls;
 	for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_azf3328_mixer_controls);
 			++idx, ++sw) {
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(sw, chip))) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(sw, chip));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 	snd_component_add(card, "AZF3328 mixer");
diff --git a/sound/pci/bt87x.c b/sound/pci/bt87x.c
index 91512b345d19..39bcfb81e81c 100644
--- a/sound/pci/bt87x.c
+++ b/sound/pci/bt87x.c
@@ -719,7 +719,8 @@ static int snd_bt87x_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	chip->irq = -1;
 	spin_lock_init(&chip->reg_lock);
 
-	if ((err = pci_request_regions(pci, "Bt87x audio")) < 0) {
+	err = pci_request_regions(pci, "Bt87x audio");
+	if (err < 0) {
 		kfree(chip);
 		pci_disable_device(pci);
 		return err;
diff --git a/sound/pci/ca0106/ca0106_main.c b/sound/pci/ca0106/ca0106_main.c
index bee4710916c4..99778711006a 100644
--- a/sound/pci/ca0106/ca0106_main.c
+++ b/sound/pci/ca0106/ca0106_main.c
@@ -575,9 +575,11 @@ static int snd_ca0106_pcm_open_playback_channel(struct snd_pcm_substream *substr
 	*/
         //channel->interrupt = snd_ca0106_pcm_channel_interrupt;
 	channel->epcm = epcm;
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_integer(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIODS)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_integer(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIODS);
+	if (err < 0)
                 return err;
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_step(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_BYTES, 64)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_step(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_BYTES, 64);
+	if (err < 0)
                 return err;
 	snd_pcm_set_sync(substream);
 
@@ -668,10 +670,12 @@ static int snd_ca0106_pcm_open_capture_channel(struct snd_pcm_substream *substre
 	*/
         //channel->interrupt = snd_ca0106_pcm_channel_interrupt;
         channel->epcm = epcm;
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_integer(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIODS)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_integer(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIODS);
+	if (err < 0)
                 return err;
 	//snd_pcm_hw_constraint_list(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_SIZE, &hw_constraints_capture_period_sizes);
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_step(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_BYTES, 64)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_step(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_BYTES, 64);
+	if (err < 0)
                 return err;
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -1166,7 +1170,8 @@ static int snd_ca0106_ac97(struct snd_ca0106 *chip)
 		.read = snd_ca0106_ac97_read,
 	};
   
-	if ((err = snd_ac97_bus(chip->card, 0, &ops, NULL, &pbus)) < 0)
+	err = snd_ac97_bus(chip->card, 0, &ops, NULL, &pbus);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	pbus->no_vra = 1; /* we don't need VRA */
 
@@ -1759,7 +1764,8 @@ static int snd_ca0106_midi(struct snd_ca0106 *chip, unsigned int channel)
 
 	midi->dev_id = chip;
 	
-	if ((err = ca_midi_init(chip, midi, 0, name)) < 0)
+	err = ca_midi_init(chip, midi, 0, name);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	return 0;
diff --git a/sound/pci/ca0106/ca_midi.c b/sound/pci/ca0106/ca_midi.c
index 18524e0a9102..957e60f64821 100644
--- a/sound/pci/ca0106/ca_midi.c
+++ b/sound/pci/ca0106/ca_midi.c
@@ -276,7 +276,8 @@ int ca_midi_init(void *dev_id, struct snd_ca_midi *midi, int device, char *name)
 	struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_rawmidi_new(midi->get_dev_id_card(midi->dev_id), name, device, 1, 1, &rmidi)) < 0)
+	err = snd_rawmidi_new(midi->get_dev_id_card(midi->dev_id), name, device, 1, 1, &rmidi);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	midi->dev_id = dev_id;
diff --git a/sound/pci/cmipci.c b/sound/pci/cmipci.c
index 598446348da6..f44f118aacad 100644
--- a/sound/pci/cmipci.c
+++ b/sound/pci/cmipci.c
@@ -1225,9 +1225,11 @@ static int setup_spdif_playback(struct cmipci *cm, struct snd_pcm_substream *sub
 
 	rate = subs->runtime->rate;
 
-	if (up && do_ac3)
-		if ((err = save_mixer_state(cm)) < 0)
+	if (up && do_ac3) {
+		err = save_mixer_state(cm);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
+	}
 
 	spin_lock_irq(&cm->reg_lock);
 	cm->spdif_playback_avail = up;
@@ -1276,7 +1278,8 @@ static int snd_cmipci_playback_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 		    substream->runtime->channels == 2);
 	if (do_spdif && cm->can_ac3_hw) 
 		do_ac3 = cm->dig_pcm_status & IEC958_AES0_NONAUDIO;
-	if ((err = setup_spdif_playback(cm, substream, do_spdif, do_ac3)) < 0)
+	err = setup_spdif_playback(cm, substream, do_spdif, do_ac3);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	return snd_cmipci_pcm_prepare(cm, &cm->channel[CM_CH_PLAY], substream);
 }
@@ -1291,7 +1294,8 @@ static int snd_cmipci_playback_spdif_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream
 		do_ac3 = cm->dig_pcm_status & IEC958_AES0_NONAUDIO;
 	else
 		do_ac3 = 1; /* doesn't matter */
-	if ((err = setup_spdif_playback(cm, substream, 1, do_ac3)) < 0)
+	err = setup_spdif_playback(cm, substream, 1, do_ac3);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	return snd_cmipci_pcm_prepare(cm, &cm->channel[CM_CH_PLAY], substream);
 }
@@ -1639,7 +1643,8 @@ static int snd_cmipci_playback_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = open_device_check(cm, CM_OPEN_PLAYBACK, substream)) < 0)
+	err = open_device_check(cm, CM_OPEN_PLAYBACK, substream);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	runtime->hw = snd_cmipci_playback;
 	if (cm->chip_version == 68) {
@@ -1665,7 +1670,8 @@ static int snd_cmipci_capture_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = open_device_check(cm, CM_OPEN_CAPTURE, substream)) < 0)
+	err = open_device_check(cm, CM_OPEN_CAPTURE, substream);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	runtime->hw = snd_cmipci_capture;
 	if (cm->chip_version == 68) {	// 8768 only supports 44k/48k recording
@@ -1689,7 +1695,9 @@ static int snd_cmipci_playback2_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = open_device_check(cm, CM_OPEN_PLAYBACK2, substream)) < 0) /* use channel B */
+	/* use channel B */
+	err = open_device_check(cm, CM_OPEN_PLAYBACK2, substream);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	runtime->hw = snd_cmipci_playback2;
 	mutex_lock(&cm->open_mutex);
@@ -1727,7 +1735,9 @@ static int snd_cmipci_playback_spdif_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = open_device_check(cm, CM_OPEN_SPDIF_PLAYBACK, substream)) < 0) /* use channel A */
+	/* use channel A */
+	err = open_device_check(cm, CM_OPEN_SPDIF_PLAYBACK, substream);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	if (cm->can_ac3_hw) {
 		runtime->hw = snd_cmipci_playback_spdif;
@@ -1754,7 +1764,9 @@ static int snd_cmipci_capture_spdif_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = open_device_check(cm, CM_OPEN_SPDIF_CAPTURE, substream)) < 0) /* use channel B */
+	/* use channel B */
+	err = open_device_check(cm, CM_OPEN_SPDIF_CAPTURE, substream);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	runtime->hw = snd_cmipci_capture_spdif;
 	if (cm->can_96k && !(cm->chip_version == 68)) {
@@ -2650,7 +2662,8 @@ static int snd_cmipci_mixer_new(struct cmipci *cm, int pcm_spdif_device)
 				"PCM Playback Volume"))
 				continue;
 		}
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_cmipci_mixers[idx], cm))) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_cmipci_mixers[idx], cm));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 
@@ -2675,13 +2688,19 @@ static int snd_cmipci_mixer_new(struct cmipci *cm, int pcm_spdif_device)
 				return err;
 		}
 		if (cm->can_ac3_hw) {
-			if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_cmipci_spdif_default, cm))) < 0)
+			kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_cmipci_spdif_default, cm);
+			err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
 			kctl->id.device = pcm_spdif_device;
-			if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_cmipci_spdif_mask, cm))) < 0)
+			kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_cmipci_spdif_mask, cm);
+			err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
 			kctl->id.device = pcm_spdif_device;
-			if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_cmipci_spdif_stream, cm))) < 0)
+			kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_cmipci_spdif_stream, cm);
+			err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
 			kctl->id.device = pcm_spdif_device;
 		}
@@ -2955,7 +2974,8 @@ static int snd_cmipci_create_fm(struct cmipci *cm, long fm_port)
 			goto disable_fm;
 		}
 	}
-	if ((err = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, 1, NULL)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, 1, NULL);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		dev_err(cm->card->dev, "cannot create OPL3 hwdep\n");
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -2987,7 +3007,8 @@ static int snd_cmipci_create(struct snd_card *card, struct pci_dev *pci,
 
 	*rcmipci = NULL;
 
-	if ((err = pci_enable_device(pci)) < 0)
+	err = pci_enable_device(pci);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	cm = kzalloc(sizeof(*cm), GFP_KERNEL);
@@ -3006,7 +3027,8 @@ static int snd_cmipci_create(struct snd_card *card, struct pci_dev *pci,
 	cm->channel[1].ch = 1;
 	cm->channel[0].is_dac = cm->channel[1].is_dac = 1; /* dual DAC mode */
 
-	if ((err = pci_request_regions(pci, card->driver)) < 0) {
+	err = pci_request_regions(pci, card->driver);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		kfree(cm);
 		pci_disable_device(pci);
 		return err;
@@ -3120,7 +3142,8 @@ static int snd_cmipci_create(struct snd_card *card, struct pci_dev *pci,
 	sprintf(card->longname, "%s%s at %#lx, irq %i",
 		card->shortname, modelstr, cm->iobase, cm->irq);
 
-	if ((err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, cm, &ops)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, cm, &ops);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_cmipci_free(cm);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -3172,32 +3195,36 @@ static int snd_cmipci_create(struct snd_card *card, struct pci_dev *pci,
 
 	/* create pcm devices */
 	pcm_index = pcm_spdif_index = 0;
-	if ((err = snd_cmipci_pcm_new(cm, pcm_index)) < 0)
+	err = snd_cmipci_pcm_new(cm, pcm_index);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	pcm_index++;
-	if ((err = snd_cmipci_pcm2_new(cm, pcm_index)) < 0)
+	err = snd_cmipci_pcm2_new(cm, pcm_index);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	pcm_index++;
 	if (cm->can_ac3_hw || cm->can_ac3_sw) {
 		pcm_spdif_index = pcm_index;
-		if ((err = snd_cmipci_pcm_spdif_new(cm, pcm_index)) < 0)
+		err = snd_cmipci_pcm_spdif_new(cm, pcm_index);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 
 	/* create mixer interface & switches */
-	if ((err = snd_cmipci_mixer_new(cm, pcm_spdif_index)) < 0)
+	err = snd_cmipci_mixer_new(cm, pcm_spdif_index);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	if (iomidi > 0) {
-		if ((err = snd_mpu401_uart_new(card, 0, MPU401_HW_CMIPCI,
-					       iomidi,
-					       (integrated_midi ?
-						MPU401_INFO_INTEGRATED : 0) |
-					       MPU401_INFO_IRQ_HOOK,
-					       -1, &cm->rmidi)) < 0) {
+		err = snd_mpu401_uart_new(card, 0, MPU401_HW_CMIPCI,
+					  iomidi,
+					  (integrated_midi ?
+					   MPU401_INFO_INTEGRATED : 0) |
+					  MPU401_INFO_IRQ_HOOK,
+					  -1, &cm->rmidi);
+		if (err < 0)
 			dev_err(cm->card->dev,
 				"no UART401 device at 0x%lx\n", iomidi);
-		}
 	}
 
 #ifdef USE_VAR48KRATE
diff --git a/sound/pci/cs4281.c b/sound/pci/cs4281.c
index bf3bb70ffaf9..e122a168c148 100644
--- a/sound/pci/cs4281.c
+++ b/sound/pci/cs4281.c
@@ -1068,23 +1068,28 @@ static int snd_cs4281_mixer(struct cs4281 *chip)
 		.read = snd_cs4281_ac97_read,
 	};
 
-	if ((err = snd_ac97_bus(card, 0, &ops, chip, &chip->ac97_bus)) < 0)
+	err = snd_ac97_bus(card, 0, &ops, chip, &chip->ac97_bus);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	chip->ac97_bus->private_free = snd_cs4281_mixer_free_ac97_bus;
 
 	memset(&ac97, 0, sizeof(ac97));
 	ac97.private_data = chip;
 	ac97.private_free = snd_cs4281_mixer_free_ac97;
-	if ((err = snd_ac97_mixer(chip->ac97_bus, &ac97, &chip->ac97)) < 0)
+	err = snd_ac97_mixer(chip->ac97_bus, &ac97, &chip->ac97);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	if (chip->dual_codec) {
 		ac97.num = 1;
-		if ((err = snd_ac97_mixer(chip->ac97_bus, &ac97, &chip->ac97_secondary)) < 0)
+		err = snd_ac97_mixer(chip->ac97_bus, &ac97, &chip->ac97_secondary);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_cs4281_fm_vol, chip))) < 0)
+	err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_cs4281_fm_vol, chip));
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_cs4281_pcm_vol, chip))) < 0)
+	err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_cs4281_pcm_vol, chip));
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -1308,7 +1313,8 @@ static int snd_cs4281_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	};
 
 	*rchip = NULL;
-	if ((err = pci_enable_device(pci)) < 0)
+	err = pci_enable_device(pci);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	chip = kzalloc(sizeof(*chip), GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (chip == NULL) {
@@ -1326,7 +1332,8 @@ static int snd_cs4281_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	}
 	chip->dual_codec = dual_codec;
 
-	if ((err = pci_request_regions(pci, "CS4281")) < 0) {
+	err = pci_request_regions(pci, "CS4281");
+	if (err < 0) {
 		kfree(chip);
 		pci_disable_device(pci);
 		return err;
@@ -1356,7 +1363,8 @@ static int snd_cs4281_create(struct snd_card *card,
 		return tmp;
 	}
 
-	if ((err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_cs4281_free(chip);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -1395,12 +1403,14 @@ static int snd_cs4281_chip_init(struct cs4281 *chip)
          * space between 0e4h and 0ffh to be written. */	
 	snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_CWPR, 0x4281);
 	
-	if ((tmp = snd_cs4281_peekBA0(chip, BA0_SERC1)) != (BA0_SERC1_SO1EN | BA0_SERC1_AC97)) {
+	tmp = snd_cs4281_peekBA0(chip, BA0_SERC1);
+	if (tmp != (BA0_SERC1_SO1EN | BA0_SERC1_AC97)) {
 		dev_err(chip->card->dev,
 			"SERC1 AC'97 check failed (0x%x)\n", tmp);
 		return -EIO;
 	}
-	if ((tmp = snd_cs4281_peekBA0(chip, BA0_SERC2)) != (BA0_SERC2_SI1EN | BA0_SERC2_AC97)) {
+	tmp = snd_cs4281_peekBA0(chip, BA0_SERC2);
+	if (tmp != (BA0_SERC2_SI1EN | BA0_SERC2_AC97)) {
 		dev_err(chip->card->dev,
 			"SERC2 AC'97 check failed (0x%x)\n", tmp);
 		return -EIO;
@@ -1748,7 +1758,8 @@ static int snd_cs4281_midi(struct cs4281 *chip, int device)
 	struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_rawmidi_new(chip->card, "CS4281", device, 1, 1, &rmidi)) < 0)
+	err = snd_rawmidi_new(chip->card, "CS4281", device, 1, 1, &rmidi);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	strcpy(rmidi->name, "CS4281");
 	snd_rawmidi_set_ops(rmidi, SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_OUTPUT, &snd_cs4281_midi_output);
@@ -1881,32 +1892,38 @@ static int snd_cs4281_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_cs4281_create(card, pci, &chip, dual_codec[dev])) < 0) {
+	err = snd_cs4281_create(card, pci, &chip, dual_codec[dev]);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
 	card->private_data = chip;
 
-	if ((err = snd_cs4281_mixer(chip)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_cs4281_mixer(chip);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
-	if ((err = snd_cs4281_pcm(chip, 0)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_cs4281_pcm(chip, 0);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
-	if ((err = snd_cs4281_midi(chip, 0)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_cs4281_midi(chip, 0);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
-	if ((err = snd_opl3_new(card, OPL3_HW_OPL3_CS4281, &opl3)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_opl3_new(card, OPL3_HW_OPL3_CS4281, &opl3);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
 	opl3->private_data = chip;
 	opl3->command = snd_cs4281_opl3_command;
 	snd_opl3_init(opl3);
-	if ((err = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, 1, NULL)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, 1, NULL);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -1918,7 +1935,8 @@ static int snd_cs4281_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 		chip->ba0_addr,
 		chip->irq);
 
-	if ((err = snd_card_register(card)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/pci/cs46xx/cs46xx.c b/sound/pci/cs46xx/cs46xx.c
index 1db7b4112840..358ca84cbdea 100644
--- a/sound/pci/cs46xx/cs46xx.c
+++ b/sound/pci/cs46xx/cs46xx.c
@@ -70,45 +70,53 @@ static int snd_card_cs46xx_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 			   0, &card);
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
-	if ((err = snd_cs46xx_create(card, pci,
-				     external_amp[dev], thinkpad[dev],
-				     &chip)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_cs46xx_create(card, pci,
+				external_amp[dev], thinkpad[dev],
+				&chip);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
 	card->private_data = chip;
 	chip->accept_valid = mmap_valid[dev];
-	if ((err = snd_cs46xx_pcm(chip, 0)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_cs46xx_pcm(chip, 0);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
 #ifdef CONFIG_SND_CS46XX_NEW_DSP
-	if ((err = snd_cs46xx_pcm_rear(chip, 1)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_cs46xx_pcm_rear(chip, 1);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
-	if ((err = snd_cs46xx_pcm_iec958(chip, 2)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_cs46xx_pcm_iec958(chip, 2);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
 #endif
-	if ((err = snd_cs46xx_mixer(chip, 2)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_cs46xx_mixer(chip, 2);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
 #ifdef CONFIG_SND_CS46XX_NEW_DSP
 	if (chip->nr_ac97_codecs ==2) {
-		if ((err = snd_cs46xx_pcm_center_lfe(chip, 3)) < 0) {
+		err = snd_cs46xx_pcm_center_lfe(chip, 3);
+		if (err < 0) {
 			snd_card_free(card);
 			return err;
 		}
 	}
 #endif
-	if ((err = snd_cs46xx_midi(chip, 0)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_cs46xx_midi(chip, 0);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
-	if ((err = snd_cs46xx_start_dsp(chip)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_cs46xx_start_dsp(chip);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -124,7 +132,8 @@ static int snd_card_cs46xx_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 		chip->ba1_addr,
 		chip->irq);
 
-	if ((err = snd_card_register(card)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/pci/cs46xx/cs46xx_lib.c b/sound/pci/cs46xx/cs46xx_lib.c
index 37f516e6a5c2..1e1eb17f8e07 100644
--- a/sound/pci/cs46xx/cs46xx_lib.c
+++ b/sound/pci/cs46xx/cs46xx_lib.c
@@ -1058,9 +1058,10 @@ static int _cs46xx_adjust_sample_rate (struct snd_cs46xx *chip, struct snd_cs46x
 		int unlinked = cpcm->pcm_channel->unlinked;
 		cs46xx_dsp_destroy_pcm_channel (chip,cpcm->pcm_channel);
 
-		if ( (cpcm->pcm_channel = cs46xx_dsp_create_pcm_channel (chip, sample_rate, cpcm, 
-									 cpcm->hw_buf.addr,
-									 cpcm->pcm_channel_id)) == NULL) {
+		cpcm->pcm_channel = cs46xx_dsp_create_pcm_channel(chip, sample_rate, cpcm,
+								  cpcm->hw_buf.addr,
+								  cpcm->pcm_channel_id);
+		if (!cpcm->pcm_channel) {
 			dev_err(chip->card->dev,
 				"failed to re-create virtual PCM channel\n");
 			return -ENOMEM;
@@ -1147,7 +1148,8 @@ static int snd_cs46xx_playback_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
 			runtime->dma_addr = 0;
 			runtime->dma_bytes = 0;
 		}
-		if ((err = snd_pcm_lib_malloc_pages(substream, params_buffer_bytes(hw_params))) < 0) {
+		err = snd_pcm_lib_malloc_pages(substream, params_buffer_bytes(hw_params));
+		if (err < 0) {
 #ifdef CONFIG_SND_CS46XX_NEW_DSP
 			mutex_unlock(&chip->spos_mutex);
 #endif
@@ -1295,7 +1297,8 @@ static int snd_cs46xx_capture_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
 			runtime->dma_addr = 0;
 			runtime->dma_bytes = 0;
 		}
-		if ((err = snd_pcm_lib_malloc_pages(substream, params_buffer_bytes(hw_params))) < 0)
+		err = snd_pcm_lib_malloc_pages(substream, params_buffer_bytes(hw_params));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 		substream->ops = &snd_cs46xx_capture_indirect_ops;
 	}
@@ -1760,7 +1763,8 @@ int snd_cs46xx_pcm(struct snd_cs46xx *chip, int device)
 	struct snd_pcm *pcm;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_new(chip->card, "CS46xx", device, MAX_PLAYBACK_CHANNELS, 1, &pcm)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_new(chip->card, "CS46xx", device, MAX_PLAYBACK_CHANNELS, 1, &pcm);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	pcm->private_data = chip;
@@ -1787,7 +1791,8 @@ int snd_cs46xx_pcm_rear(struct snd_cs46xx *chip, int device)
 	struct snd_pcm *pcm;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_new(chip->card, "CS46xx - Rear", device, MAX_PLAYBACK_CHANNELS, 0, &pcm)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_new(chip->card, "CS46xx - Rear", device, MAX_PLAYBACK_CHANNELS, 0, &pcm);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	pcm->private_data = chip;
@@ -1811,7 +1816,8 @@ int snd_cs46xx_pcm_center_lfe(struct snd_cs46xx *chip, int device)
 	struct snd_pcm *pcm;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_new(chip->card, "CS46xx - Center LFE", device, MAX_PLAYBACK_CHANNELS, 0, &pcm)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_new(chip->card, "CS46xx - Center LFE", device, MAX_PLAYBACK_CHANNELS, 0, &pcm);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	pcm->private_data = chip;
@@ -1835,7 +1841,8 @@ int snd_cs46xx_pcm_iec958(struct snd_cs46xx *chip, int device)
 	struct snd_pcm *pcm;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_new(chip->card, "CS46xx - IEC958", device, 1, 0, &pcm)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_new(chip->card, "CS46xx - IEC958", device, 1, 0, &pcm);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	pcm->private_data = chip;
@@ -2414,7 +2421,8 @@ static void snd_cs46xx_codec_reset (struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
 
 		/* test if we can write to the record gain volume register */
 		snd_ac97_write(ac97, AC97_REC_GAIN, 0x8a05);
-		if ((err = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_REC_GAIN)) == 0x8a05)
+		err = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_REC_GAIN);
+		if (err == 0x8a05)
 			return;
 
 		msleep(10);
@@ -2476,7 +2484,8 @@ int snd_cs46xx_mixer(struct snd_cs46xx *chip, int spdif_device)
 	/* detect primary codec */
 	chip->nr_ac97_codecs = 0;
 	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "detecting primary codec\n");
-	if ((err = snd_ac97_bus(card, 0, &ops, chip, &chip->ac97_bus)) < 0)
+	err = snd_ac97_bus(card, 0, &ops, chip, &chip->ac97_bus);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	chip->ac97_bus->private_free = snd_cs46xx_mixer_free_ac97_bus;
 
@@ -2497,7 +2506,8 @@ int snd_cs46xx_mixer(struct snd_cs46xx *chip, int spdif_device)
 		kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_cs46xx_controls[idx], chip);
 		if (kctl && kctl->id.iface == SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_PCM)
 			kctl->id.device = spdif_device;
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl)) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 
@@ -2684,7 +2694,8 @@ int snd_cs46xx_midi(struct snd_cs46xx *chip, int device)
 	struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_rawmidi_new(chip->card, "CS46XX", device, 1, 1, &rmidi)) < 0)
+	err = snd_rawmidi_new(chip->card, "CS46XX", device, 1, 1, &rmidi);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	strcpy(rmidi->name, "CS46XX");
 	snd_rawmidi_set_ops(rmidi, SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_OUTPUT, &snd_cs46xx_midi_output);
@@ -3526,7 +3537,8 @@ static void hercules_mixer_init (struct snd_cs46xx *chip)
 		struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;
 
 		kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_hercules_controls[idx], chip);
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl)) < 0) {
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+		if (err < 0) {
 			dev_err(card->dev,
 				"failed to initialize Hercules mixer (%d)\n",
 				err);
@@ -3871,7 +3883,8 @@ int snd_cs46xx_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	*rchip = NULL;
 
 	/* enable PCI device */
-	if ((err = pci_enable_device(pci)) < 0)
+	err = pci_enable_device(pci);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	chip = kzalloc(sizeof(*chip), GFP_KERNEL);
@@ -3965,8 +3978,9 @@ int snd_cs46xx_create(struct snd_card *card,
 
 	for (idx = 0; idx < 5; idx++) {
 		region = &chip->region.idx[idx];
-		if ((region->resource = request_mem_region(region->base, region->size,
-							   region->name)) == NULL) {
+		region->resource = request_mem_region(region->base, region->size,
+						      region->name);
+		if (!region->resource) {
 			dev_err(chip->card->dev,
 				"unable to request memory region 0x%lx-0x%lx\n",
 				   region->base, region->base + region->size - 1);
@@ -4005,7 +4019,8 @@ int snd_cs46xx_create(struct snd_card *card,
 		return err;
 	}
 
-	if ((err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_cs46xx_free(chip);
 		return err;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/pci/cs46xx/dsp_spos.c b/sound/pci/cs46xx/dsp_spos.c
index 05f3f6dc918d..1db6bc58d6a6 100644
--- a/sound/pci/cs46xx/dsp_spos.c
+++ b/sound/pci/cs46xx/dsp_spos.c
@@ -617,7 +617,8 @@ static void cs46xx_dsp_proc_parameter_dump_read (struct snd_info_entry *entry,
 			col = 0;
 		}
 
-		if ( (symbol = cs46xx_dsp_lookup_symbol_addr (chip,i / sizeof(u32), SYMBOL_PARAMETER)) != NULL) {
+		symbol = cs46xx_dsp_lookup_symbol_addr(chip, i / sizeof(u32), SYMBOL_PARAMETER);
+		if (symbol) {
 			col = 0;
 			snd_iprintf (buffer,"\n%s:\n",symbol->symbol_name);
 		}
diff --git a/sound/pci/cs5535audio/cs5535audio.c b/sound/pci/cs5535audio/cs5535audio.c
index 9b716b56d739..e048b45d9e7e 100644
--- a/sound/pci/cs5535audio/cs5535audio.c
+++ b/sound/pci/cs5535audio/cs5535audio.c
@@ -143,7 +143,8 @@ static int snd_cs5535audio_mixer(struct cs5535audio *cs5535au)
 		.read = snd_cs5535audio_ac97_codec_read,
 	};
 
-	if ((err = snd_ac97_bus(card, 0, &ops, NULL, &pbus)) < 0)
+	err = snd_ac97_bus(card, 0, &ops, NULL, &pbus);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	memset(&ac97, 0, sizeof(ac97));
@@ -155,7 +156,8 @@ static int snd_cs5535audio_mixer(struct cs5535audio *cs5535au)
 	/* set any OLPC-specific scaps */
 	olpc_prequirks(card, &ac97);
 
-	if ((err = snd_ac97_mixer(pbus, &ac97, &cs5535au->ac97)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_ac97_mixer(pbus, &ac97, &cs5535au->ac97);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		dev_err(card->dev, "mixer failed\n");
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -266,7 +268,8 @@ static int snd_cs5535audio_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	};
 
 	*rcs5535au = NULL;
-	if ((err = pci_enable_device(pci)) < 0)
+	err = pci_enable_device(pci);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	if (dma_set_mask_and_coherent(&pci->dev, DMA_BIT_MASK(32))) {
@@ -286,7 +289,8 @@ static int snd_cs5535audio_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	cs5535au->pci = pci;
 	cs5535au->irq = -1;
 
-	if ((err = pci_request_regions(pci, "CS5535 Audio")) < 0) {
+	err = pci_request_regions(pci, "CS5535 Audio");
+	if (err < 0) {
 		kfree(cs5535au);
 		goto pcifail;
 	}
@@ -304,8 +308,8 @@ static int snd_cs5535audio_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	card->sync_irq = cs5535au->irq;
 	pci_set_master(pci);
 
-	if ((err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL,
-				  cs5535au, &ops)) < 0)
+	err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, cs5535au, &ops);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto sndfail;
 
 	*rcs5535au = cs5535au;
@@ -340,15 +344,18 @@ static int snd_cs5535audio_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_cs5535audio_create(card, pci, &cs5535au)) < 0)
+	err = snd_cs5535audio_create(card, pci, &cs5535au);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto probefail_out;
 
 	card->private_data = cs5535au;
 
-	if ((err = snd_cs5535audio_mixer(cs5535au)) < 0)
+	err = snd_cs5535audio_mixer(cs5535au);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto probefail_out;
 
-	if ((err = snd_cs5535audio_pcm(cs5535au)) < 0)
+	err = snd_cs5535audio_pcm(cs5535au);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto probefail_out;
 
 	strcpy(card->driver, DRIVER_NAME);
@@ -358,7 +365,8 @@ static int snd_cs5535audio_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 		card->shortname, card->driver,
 		cs5535au->port, cs5535au->irq);
 
-	if ((err = snd_card_register(card)) < 0)
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto probefail_out;
 
 	pci_set_drvdata(pci, card);
diff --git a/sound/pci/cs5535audio/cs5535audio_pcm.c b/sound/pci/cs5535audio/cs5535audio_pcm.c
index 4032b89b1fc1..5ff10fec7b90 100644
--- a/sound/pci/cs5535audio/cs5535audio_pcm.c
+++ b/sound/pci/cs5535audio/cs5535audio_pcm.c
@@ -87,8 +87,9 @@ static int snd_cs5535audio_playback_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 	snd_pcm_limit_hw_rates(runtime);
 	cs5535au->playback_substream = substream;
 	runtime->private_data = &(cs5535au->dmas[CS5535AUDIO_DMA_PLAYBACK]);
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_integer(runtime,
-				SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIODS)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_integer(runtime,
+					    SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIODS);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	return 0;
@@ -342,8 +343,9 @@ static int snd_cs5535audio_capture_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 	snd_pcm_limit_hw_rates(runtime);
 	cs5535au->capture_substream = substream;
 	runtime->private_data = &(cs5535au->dmas[CS5535AUDIO_DMA_CAPTURE]);
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_integer(runtime,
-					 SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIODS)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_integer(runtime,
+					    SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIODS);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	olpc_capture_open(cs5535au->ac97);
 	return 0;
diff --git a/sound/pci/echoaudio/darla20_dsp.c b/sound/pci/echoaudio/darla20_dsp.c
index 320837ba7bab..0356efad7528 100644
--- a/sound/pci/echoaudio/darla20_dsp.c
+++ b/sound/pci/echoaudio/darla20_dsp.c
@@ -36,7 +36,8 @@ static int init_hw(struct echoaudio *chip, u16 device_id, u16 subdevice_id)
 	if (snd_BUG_ON((subdevice_id & 0xfff0) != DARLA20))
 		return -ENODEV;
 
-	if ((err = init_dsp_comm_page(chip))) {
+	err = init_dsp_comm_page(chip);
+	if (err) {
 		dev_err(chip->card->dev,
 			"init_hw: could not initialize DSP comm page\n");
 		return err;
@@ -53,7 +54,8 @@ static int init_hw(struct echoaudio *chip, u16 device_id, u16 subdevice_id)
 	chip->asic_loaded = true;
 	chip->input_clock_types = ECHO_CLOCK_BIT_INTERNAL;
 
-	if ((err = load_firmware(chip)) < 0)
+	err = load_firmware(chip);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	chip->bad_board = false;
 
diff --git a/sound/pci/echoaudio/darla24_dsp.c b/sound/pci/echoaudio/darla24_dsp.c
index 8736b5e81ca3..b96300772aee 100644
--- a/sound/pci/echoaudio/darla24_dsp.c
+++ b/sound/pci/echoaudio/darla24_dsp.c
@@ -36,7 +36,8 @@ static int init_hw(struct echoaudio *chip, u16 device_id, u16 subdevice_id)
 	if (snd_BUG_ON((subdevice_id & 0xfff0) != DARLA24))
 		return -ENODEV;
 
-	if ((err = init_dsp_comm_page(chip))) {
+	err = init_dsp_comm_page(chip);
+	if (err) {
 		dev_err(chip->card->dev,
 			"init_hw: could not initialize DSP comm page\n");
 		return err;
@@ -52,7 +53,8 @@ static int init_hw(struct echoaudio *chip, u16 device_id, u16 subdevice_id)
 	chip->input_clock_types = ECHO_CLOCK_BIT_INTERNAL |
 		ECHO_CLOCK_BIT_ESYNC;
 
-	if ((err = load_firmware(chip)) < 0)
+	err = load_firmware(chip);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	chip->bad_board = false;
 
diff --git a/sound/pci/echoaudio/echo3g_dsp.c b/sound/pci/echoaudio/echo3g_dsp.c
index 6deb80c42f11..9e1f2cad0909 100644
--- a/sound/pci/echoaudio/echo3g_dsp.c
+++ b/sound/pci/echoaudio/echo3g_dsp.c
@@ -49,7 +49,8 @@ static int init_hw(struct echoaudio *chip, u16 device_id, u16 subdevice_id)
 	if (snd_BUG_ON((subdevice_id & 0xfff0) != ECHO3G))
 		return -ENODEV;
 
-	if ((err = init_dsp_comm_page(chip))) {
+	err = init_dsp_comm_page(chip);
+	if (err) {
 		dev_err(chip->card->dev,
 			"init_hw - could not initialize DSP comm page\n");
 		return err;
diff --git a/sound/pci/echoaudio/echoaudio.c b/sound/pci/echoaudio/echoaudio.c
index 9bd67ac33657..a62e5581ad14 100644
--- a/sound/pci/echoaudio/echoaudio.c
+++ b/sound/pci/echoaudio/echoaudio.c
@@ -301,38 +301,42 @@ static int pcm_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
 	snd_pcm_set_sync(substream);
 
 	/* Only mono and any even number of channels are allowed */
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_list(runtime, 0,
-					      SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS,
-					      &pipe->constr)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_list(runtime, 0,
+					 SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS,
+					 &pipe->constr);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	/* All periods should have the same size */
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_integer(runtime,
-						 SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIODS)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_integer(runtime,
+					    SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIODS);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	/* The hw accesses memory in chunks 32 frames long and they should be
 	32-bytes-aligned. It's not a requirement, but it seems that IRQs are
 	generated with a resolution of 32 frames. Thus we need the following */
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_step(runtime, 0,
-					      SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_SIZE,
-					      32)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_step(runtime, 0,
+					 SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_SIZE, 32);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_step(runtime, 0,
-					      SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_BUFFER_SIZE,
-					      32)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_step(runtime, 0,
+					 SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_BUFFER_SIZE, 32);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(substream->runtime, 0,
-				       SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE,
-					hw_rule_sample_rate, chip,
-				       SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE, -1)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(substream->runtime, 0,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE,
+				  hw_rule_sample_rate, chip,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE, -1);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	/* Allocate a page for the scatter-gather list */
-	if ((err = snd_dma_alloc_pages(SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV,
-				       &chip->pci->dev,
-				       PAGE_SIZE, &pipe->sgpage)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_dma_alloc_pages(SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV,
+				  &chip->pci->dev,
+				  PAGE_SIZE, &pipe->sgpage);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		dev_err(chip->card->dev, "s-g list allocation failed\n");
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -358,18 +362,21 @@ static int pcm_analog_in_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 	struct echoaudio *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = pcm_open(substream, num_analog_busses_in(chip) -
-			    substream->number)) < 0)
+	err = pcm_open(substream,
+		       num_analog_busses_in(chip) - substream->number);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(substream->runtime, 0,
-				       SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS,
-				       hw_rule_capture_channels_by_format, NULL,
-				       SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FORMAT, -1)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(substream->runtime, 0,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS,
+				  hw_rule_capture_channels_by_format, NULL,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FORMAT, -1);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(substream->runtime, 0,
-				       SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FORMAT,
-				       hw_rule_capture_format_by_channels, NULL,
-				       SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS, -1)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(substream->runtime, 0,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FORMAT,
+				  hw_rule_capture_format_by_channels, NULL,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS, -1);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	return 0;
@@ -387,19 +394,22 @@ static int pcm_analog_out_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 #else
 	max_channels = num_analog_busses_out(chip);
 #endif
-	if ((err = pcm_open(substream, max_channels - substream->number)) < 0)
+	err = pcm_open(substream, max_channels - substream->number);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(substream->runtime, 0,
-				       SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS,
-				       hw_rule_playback_channels_by_format,
-				       NULL,
-				       SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FORMAT, -1)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(substream->runtime, 0,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS,
+				  hw_rule_playback_channels_by_format,
+				  NULL,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FORMAT, -1);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(substream->runtime, 0,
-				       SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FORMAT,
-				       hw_rule_playback_format_by_channels,
-				       NULL,
-				       SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS, -1)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(substream->runtime, 0,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FORMAT,
+				  hw_rule_playback_format_by_channels,
+				  NULL,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS, -1);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	return 0;
@@ -426,15 +436,17 @@ static int pcm_digital_in_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 	if (err < 0)
 		goto din_exit;
 
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(substream->runtime, 0,
-				       SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS,
-				       hw_rule_capture_channels_by_format, NULL,
-				       SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FORMAT, -1)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(substream->runtime, 0,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS,
+				  hw_rule_capture_channels_by_format, NULL,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FORMAT, -1);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto din_exit;
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(substream->runtime, 0,
-				       SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FORMAT,
-				       hw_rule_capture_format_by_channels, NULL,
-				       SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS, -1)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(substream->runtime, 0,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FORMAT,
+				  hw_rule_capture_format_by_channels, NULL,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS, -1);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto din_exit;
 
 din_exit:
@@ -463,17 +475,19 @@ static int pcm_digital_out_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 	if (err < 0)
 		goto dout_exit;
 
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(substream->runtime, 0,
-				       SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS,
-				       hw_rule_playback_channels_by_format,
-				       NULL, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FORMAT,
-				       -1)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(substream->runtime, 0,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS,
+				  hw_rule_playback_channels_by_format,
+				  NULL, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FORMAT,
+				  -1);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto dout_exit;
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(substream->runtime, 0,
-				       SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FORMAT,
-				       hw_rule_playback_format_by_channels,
-				       NULL, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS,
-				       -1)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(substream->runtime, 0,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FORMAT,
+				  hw_rule_playback_format_by_channels,
+				  NULL, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS,
+				  -1);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto dout_exit;
 
 dout_exit:
@@ -907,8 +921,9 @@ static int snd_echo_new_pcm(struct echoaudio *chip)
 	separated */
 
 	/* PCM#0 Virtual outputs and analog inputs */
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_new(chip->card, "PCM", 0, num_pipes_out(chip),
-				num_analog_busses_in(chip), &pcm)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_new(chip->card, "PCM", 0, num_pipes_out(chip),
+			  num_analog_busses_in(chip), &pcm);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	pcm->private_data = chip;
 	chip->analog_pcm = pcm;
@@ -919,8 +934,9 @@ static int snd_echo_new_pcm(struct echoaudio *chip)
 
 #ifdef ECHOCARD_HAS_DIGITAL_IO
 	/* PCM#1 Digital inputs, no outputs */
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_new(chip->card, "Digital PCM", 1, 0,
-			       num_digital_busses_in(chip), &pcm)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_new(chip->card, "Digital PCM", 1, 0,
+			  num_digital_busses_in(chip), &pcm);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	pcm->private_data = chip;
 	chip->digital_pcm = pcm;
@@ -937,9 +953,10 @@ static int snd_echo_new_pcm(struct echoaudio *chip)
 	register two PCM devices: */
 
 	/* PCM#0 Analog i/o */
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_new(chip->card, "Analog PCM", 0,
-			       num_analog_busses_out(chip),
-			       num_analog_busses_in(chip), &pcm)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_new(chip->card, "Analog PCM", 0,
+			  num_analog_busses_out(chip),
+			  num_analog_busses_in(chip), &pcm);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	pcm->private_data = chip;
 	chip->analog_pcm = pcm;
@@ -950,9 +967,10 @@ static int snd_echo_new_pcm(struct echoaudio *chip)
 
 #ifdef ECHOCARD_HAS_DIGITAL_IO
 	/* PCM#1 Digital i/o */
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_new(chip->card, "Digital PCM", 1,
-			       num_digital_busses_out(chip),
-			       num_digital_busses_in(chip), &pcm)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_new(chip->card, "Digital PCM", 1,
+			  num_digital_busses_out(chip),
+			  num_digital_busses_in(chip), &pcm);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	pcm->private_data = chip;
 	chip->digital_pcm = pcm;
@@ -1567,7 +1585,8 @@ static int snd_echo_clock_source_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
 	if (chip->input_clock != dclock) {
 		mutex_lock(&chip->mode_mutex);
 		spin_lock_irq(&chip->lock);
-		if ((changed = set_input_clock(chip, dclock)) == 0)
+		changed = set_input_clock(chip, dclock);
+		if (!changed)
 			changed = 1;	/* no errors */
 		spin_unlock_irq(&chip->lock);
 		mutex_unlock(&chip->mode_mutex);
@@ -1911,7 +1930,8 @@ static int snd_echo_create(struct snd_card *card,
 
 	pci_write_config_byte(pci, PCI_LATENCY_TIMER, 0xC0);
 
-	if ((err = pci_enable_device(pci)) < 0)
+	err = pci_enable_device(pci);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	pci_set_master(pci);
 
@@ -1943,8 +1963,9 @@ static int snd_echo_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	if (sz > PAGE_SIZE)
 		sz = PAGE_SIZE;		/* We map only the required part */
 
-	if ((chip->iores = request_mem_region(chip->dsp_registers_phys, sz,
-					      ECHOCARD_NAME)) == NULL) {
+	chip->iores = request_mem_region(chip->dsp_registers_phys, sz,
+					 ECHOCARD_NAME);
+	if (!chip->iores) {
 		dev_err(chip->card->dev, "cannot get memory region\n");
 		snd_echo_free(chip);
 		return -EBUSY;
@@ -1988,7 +2009,8 @@ static int snd_echo_create(struct snd_card *card,
 		return err;
 	}
 
-	if ((err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_echo_free(chip);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -2024,7 +2046,8 @@ static int snd_echo_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 		return err;
 
 	chip = NULL;	/* Tells snd_echo_create to allocate chip */
-	if ((err = snd_echo_create(card, pci, &chip)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_echo_create(card, pci, &chip);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -2040,7 +2063,8 @@ static int snd_echo_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 		card->shortname, pci_id->subdevice & 0x000f, dsp,
 		chip->dsp_registers_phys, chip->irq);
 
-	if ((err = snd_echo_new_pcm(chip)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_echo_new_pcm(chip);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		dev_err(chip->card->dev, "new pcm error %d\n", err);
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
@@ -2048,7 +2072,8 @@ static int snd_echo_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 
 #ifdef ECHOCARD_HAS_MIDI
 	if (chip->has_midi) {	/* Some Mia's do not have midi */
-		if ((err = snd_echo_midi_create(card, chip)) < 0) {
+		err = snd_echo_midi_create(card, chip);
+		if (err < 0) {
 			dev_err(chip->card->dev, "new midi error %d\n", err);
 			snd_card_free(card);
 			return err;
@@ -2058,7 +2083,8 @@ static int snd_echo_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 
 #ifdef ECHOCARD_HAS_VMIXER
 	snd_echo_vmixer.count = num_pipes_out(chip) * num_busses_out(chip);
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_echo_vmixer, chip))) < 0)
+	err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_echo_vmixer, chip));
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto ctl_error;
 #ifdef ECHOCARD_HAS_LINE_OUT_GAIN
 	err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card,
@@ -2074,39 +2100,48 @@ static int snd_echo_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 #endif /* ECHOCARD_HAS_VMIXER */
 
 #ifdef ECHOCARD_HAS_INPUT_GAIN
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_echo_line_input_gain, chip))) < 0)
+	err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_echo_line_input_gain, chip));
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto ctl_error;
 #endif
 
 #ifdef ECHOCARD_HAS_INPUT_NOMINAL_LEVEL
-	if (!chip->hasnt_input_nominal_level)
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_echo_intput_nominal_level, chip))) < 0)
+	if (!chip->hasnt_input_nominal_level) {
+		err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_echo_intput_nominal_level, chip));
+		if (err < 0)
 			goto ctl_error;
+	}
 #endif
 
 #ifdef ECHOCARD_HAS_OUTPUT_NOMINAL_LEVEL
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_echo_output_nominal_level, chip))) < 0)
+	err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_echo_output_nominal_level, chip));
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto ctl_error;
 #endif
 
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_echo_vumeters_switch, chip))) < 0)
+	err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_echo_vumeters_switch, chip));
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto ctl_error;
 
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_echo_vumeters, chip))) < 0)
+	err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_echo_vumeters, chip));
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto ctl_error;
 
 #ifdef ECHOCARD_HAS_MONITOR
 	snd_echo_monitor_mixer.count = num_busses_in(chip) * num_busses_out(chip);
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_echo_monitor_mixer, chip))) < 0)
+	err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_echo_monitor_mixer, chip));
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto ctl_error;
 #endif
 
 #ifdef ECHOCARD_HAS_DIGITAL_IN_AUTOMUTE
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_echo_automute_switch, chip))) < 0)
+	err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_echo_automute_switch, chip));
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto ctl_error;
 #endif
 
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_echo_channels_info, chip))) < 0)
+	err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_echo_channels_info, chip));
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto ctl_error;
 
 #ifdef ECHOCARD_HAS_DIGITAL_MODE_SWITCH
@@ -2116,7 +2151,8 @@ static int snd_echo_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 		if (chip->digital_modes & (1 << i))
 			chip->digital_mode_list[chip->num_digital_modes++] = i;
 
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_echo_digital_mode_switch, chip))) < 0)
+	err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_echo_digital_mode_switch, chip));
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto ctl_error;
 #endif /* ECHOCARD_HAS_DIGITAL_MODE_SWITCH */
 
@@ -2129,20 +2165,24 @@ static int snd_echo_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 
 	if (chip->num_clock_sources > 1) {
 		chip->clock_src_ctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_echo_clock_source_switch, chip);
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, chip->clock_src_ctl)) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, chip->clock_src_ctl);
+		if (err < 0)
 			goto ctl_error;
 	}
 #endif /* ECHOCARD_HAS_EXTERNAL_CLOCK */
 
 #ifdef ECHOCARD_HAS_DIGITAL_IO
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_echo_spdif_mode_switch, chip))) < 0)
+	err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_echo_spdif_mode_switch, chip));
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto ctl_error;
 #endif
 
 #ifdef ECHOCARD_HAS_PHANTOM_POWER
-	if (chip->has_phantom_power)
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_echo_phantom_power_switch, chip))) < 0)
+	if (chip->has_phantom_power) {
+		err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_echo_phantom_power_switch, chip));
+		if (err < 0)
 			goto ctl_error;
+	}
 #endif
 
 	err = snd_card_register(card);
diff --git a/sound/pci/echoaudio/echoaudio_dsp.c b/sound/pci/echoaudio/echoaudio_dsp.c
index d10d0e460f0b..2a40091d472c 100644
--- a/sound/pci/echoaudio/echoaudio_dsp.c
+++ b/sound/pci/echoaudio/echoaudio_dsp.c
@@ -349,7 +349,8 @@ static int load_dsp(struct echoaudio *chip, u16 *code)
 
 	/* If this board requires a resident loader, install it. */
 #ifdef DSP_56361
-	if ((i = install_resident_loader(chip)) < 0)
+	i = install_resident_loader(chip);
+	if (i < 0)
 		return i;
 #endif
 
@@ -495,7 +496,8 @@ static int load_firmware(struct echoaudio *chip)
 
 	/* See if the ASIC is present and working - only if the DSP is already loaded */
 	if (chip->dsp_code) {
-		if ((box_type = check_asic_status(chip)) >= 0)
+		box_type = check_asic_status(chip);
+		if (box_type >= 0)
 			return box_type;
 		/* ASIC check failed; force the DSP to reload */
 		chip->dsp_code = NULL;
@@ -509,7 +511,8 @@ static int load_firmware(struct echoaudio *chip)
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
-	if ((box_type = load_asic(chip)) < 0)
+	box_type = load_asic(chip);
+	if (box_type < 0)
 		return box_type;	/* error */
 
 	return box_type;
@@ -667,7 +670,8 @@ static int restore_dsp_rettings(struct echoaudio *chip)
 {
 	int i, o, err;
 
-	if ((err = check_asic_status(chip)) < 0)
+	err = check_asic_status(chip);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	/* Gina20/Darla20 only. Should be harmless for other cards. */
diff --git a/sound/pci/echoaudio/echoaudio_gml.c b/sound/pci/echoaudio/echoaudio_gml.c
index eea6fe530ab4..248983fa2959 100644
--- a/sound/pci/echoaudio/echoaudio_gml.c
+++ b/sound/pci/echoaudio/echoaudio_gml.c
@@ -194,7 +194,8 @@ static int set_professional_spdif(struct echoaudio *chip, char prof)
 		}
 	}
 
-	if ((err = write_control_reg(chip, control_reg, false)))
+	err = write_control_reg(chip, control_reg, false);
+	if (err)
 		return err;
 	chip->professional_spdif = prof;
 	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "set_professional_spdif to %s\n",
diff --git a/sound/pci/echoaudio/gina20_dsp.c b/sound/pci/echoaudio/gina20_dsp.c
index b2377573de09..c93939850357 100644
--- a/sound/pci/echoaudio/gina20_dsp.c
+++ b/sound/pci/echoaudio/gina20_dsp.c
@@ -40,7 +40,8 @@ static int init_hw(struct echoaudio *chip, u16 device_id, u16 subdevice_id)
 	if (snd_BUG_ON((subdevice_id & 0xfff0) != GINA20))
 		return -ENODEV;
 
-	if ((err = init_dsp_comm_page(chip))) {
+	err = init_dsp_comm_page(chip);
+	if (err) {
 		dev_err(chip->card->dev,
 			"init_hw - could not initialize DSP comm page\n");
 		return err;
@@ -58,7 +59,8 @@ static int init_hw(struct echoaudio *chip, u16 device_id, u16 subdevice_id)
 	chip->input_clock_types = ECHO_CLOCK_BIT_INTERNAL |
 		ECHO_CLOCK_BIT_SPDIF;
 
-	if ((err = load_firmware(chip)) < 0)
+	err = load_firmware(chip);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	chip->bad_board = false;
 
diff --git a/sound/pci/echoaudio/gina24_dsp.c b/sound/pci/echoaudio/gina24_dsp.c
index 8eff2b4f5ceb..56e9d1b9b330 100644
--- a/sound/pci/echoaudio/gina24_dsp.c
+++ b/sound/pci/echoaudio/gina24_dsp.c
@@ -44,7 +44,8 @@ static int init_hw(struct echoaudio *chip, u16 device_id, u16 subdevice_id)
 	if (snd_BUG_ON((subdevice_id & 0xfff0) != GINA24))
 		return -ENODEV;
 
-	if ((err = init_dsp_comm_page(chip))) {
+	err = init_dsp_comm_page(chip);
+	if (err) {
 		dev_err(chip->card->dev,
 			"init_hw - could not initialize DSP comm page\n");
 		return err;
@@ -74,7 +75,8 @@ static int init_hw(struct echoaudio *chip, u16 device_id, u16 subdevice_id)
 			ECHOCAPS_HAS_DIGITAL_MODE_SPDIF_CDROM;
 	}
 
-	if ((err = load_firmware(chip)) < 0)
+	err = load_firmware(chip);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	chip->bad_board = false;
 
diff --git a/sound/pci/echoaudio/indigo_dsp.c b/sound/pci/echoaudio/indigo_dsp.c
index c97dc83bbbdf..16eb082df56a 100644
--- a/sound/pci/echoaudio/indigo_dsp.c
+++ b/sound/pci/echoaudio/indigo_dsp.c
@@ -41,7 +41,8 @@ static int init_hw(struct echoaudio *chip, u16 device_id, u16 subdevice_id)
 	if (snd_BUG_ON((subdevice_id & 0xfff0) != INDIGO))
 		return -ENODEV;
 
-	if ((err = init_dsp_comm_page(chip))) {
+	err = init_dsp_comm_page(chip);
+	if (err) {
 		dev_err(chip->card->dev,
 			"init_hw - could not initialize DSP comm page\n");
 		return err;
@@ -56,7 +57,8 @@ static int init_hw(struct echoaudio *chip, u16 device_id, u16 subdevice_id)
 	chip->asic_loaded = true;
 	chip->input_clock_types = ECHO_CLOCK_BIT_INTERNAL;
 
-	if ((err = load_firmware(chip)) < 0)
+	err = load_firmware(chip);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	chip->bad_board = false;
 
diff --git a/sound/pci/echoaudio/indigodj_dsp.c b/sound/pci/echoaudio/indigodj_dsp.c
index 2428b35f45d6..17a1d888d0b9 100644
--- a/sound/pci/echoaudio/indigodj_dsp.c
+++ b/sound/pci/echoaudio/indigodj_dsp.c
@@ -41,7 +41,8 @@ static int init_hw(struct echoaudio *chip, u16 device_id, u16 subdevice_id)
 	if (snd_BUG_ON((subdevice_id & 0xfff0) != INDIGO_DJ))
 		return -ENODEV;
 
-	if ((err = init_dsp_comm_page(chip))) {
+	err = init_dsp_comm_page(chip);
+	if (err) {
 		dev_err(chip->card->dev,
 			"init_hw - could not initialize DSP comm page\n");
 		return err;
@@ -56,7 +57,8 @@ static int init_hw(struct echoaudio *chip, u16 device_id, u16 subdevice_id)
 	chip->asic_loaded = true;
 	chip->input_clock_types = ECHO_CLOCK_BIT_INTERNAL;
 
-	if ((err = load_firmware(chip)) < 0)
+	err = load_firmware(chip);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	chip->bad_board = false;
 
diff --git a/sound/pci/echoaudio/indigoio_dsp.c b/sound/pci/echoaudio/indigoio_dsp.c
index 79b68ba70936..791787aa0744 100644
--- a/sound/pci/echoaudio/indigoio_dsp.c
+++ b/sound/pci/echoaudio/indigoio_dsp.c
@@ -41,7 +41,8 @@ static int init_hw(struct echoaudio *chip, u16 device_id, u16 subdevice_id)
 	if (snd_BUG_ON((subdevice_id & 0xfff0) != INDIGO_IO))
 		return -ENODEV;
 
-	if ((err = init_dsp_comm_page(chip))) {
+	err = init_dsp_comm_page(chip);
+	if (err) {
 		dev_err(chip->card->dev,
 			"init_hw - could not initialize DSP comm page\n");
 		return err;
@@ -56,7 +57,8 @@ static int init_hw(struct echoaudio *chip, u16 device_id, u16 subdevice_id)
 	chip->asic_loaded = true;
 	chip->input_clock_types = ECHO_CLOCK_BIT_INTERNAL;
 
-	if ((err = load_firmware(chip)) < 0)
+	err = load_firmware(chip);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	chip->bad_board = false;
 
diff --git a/sound/pci/echoaudio/layla20_dsp.c b/sound/pci/echoaudio/layla20_dsp.c
index 5e5b6e288a2d..5fb5c4a4598b 100644
--- a/sound/pci/echoaudio/layla20_dsp.c
+++ b/sound/pci/echoaudio/layla20_dsp.c
@@ -43,7 +43,8 @@ static int init_hw(struct echoaudio *chip, u16 device_id, u16 subdevice_id)
 	if (snd_BUG_ON((subdevice_id & 0xfff0) != LAYLA20))
 		return -ENODEV;
 
-	if ((err = init_dsp_comm_page(chip))) {
+	err = init_dsp_comm_page(chip);
+	if (err) {
 		dev_err(chip->card->dev,
 			"init_hw - could not initialize DSP comm page\n");
 		return err;
@@ -60,7 +61,8 @@ static int init_hw(struct echoaudio *chip, u16 device_id, u16 subdevice_id)
 	chip->output_clock_types =
 		ECHO_CLOCK_BIT_WORD | ECHO_CLOCK_BIT_SUPER;
 
-	if ((err = load_firmware(chip)) < 0)
+	err = load_firmware(chip);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	chip->bad_board = false;
 
diff --git a/sound/pci/echoaudio/layla24_dsp.c b/sound/pci/echoaudio/layla24_dsp.c
index c02bc1dcc170..ef27805d63f6 100644
--- a/sound/pci/echoaudio/layla24_dsp.c
+++ b/sound/pci/echoaudio/layla24_dsp.c
@@ -43,7 +43,8 @@ static int init_hw(struct echoaudio *chip, u16 device_id, u16 subdevice_id)
 	if (snd_BUG_ON((subdevice_id & 0xfff0) != LAYLA24))
 		return -ENODEV;
 
-	if ((err = init_dsp_comm_page(chip))) {
+	err = init_dsp_comm_page(chip);
+	if (err) {
 		dev_err(chip->card->dev,
 			"init_hw - could not initialize DSP comm page\n");
 		return err;
@@ -62,11 +63,13 @@ static int init_hw(struct echoaudio *chip, u16 device_id, u16 subdevice_id)
 		ECHOCAPS_HAS_DIGITAL_MODE_SPDIF_OPTICAL |
 		ECHOCAPS_HAS_DIGITAL_MODE_ADAT;
 
-	if ((err = load_firmware(chip)) < 0)
+	err = load_firmware(chip);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	chip->bad_board = false;
 
-	if ((err = init_line_levels(chip)) < 0)
+	err = init_line_levels(chip);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	return err;
diff --git a/sound/pci/echoaudio/mia_dsp.c b/sound/pci/echoaudio/mia_dsp.c
index 8f612a09c5d0..8a4dffc68889 100644
--- a/sound/pci/echoaudio/mia_dsp.c
+++ b/sound/pci/echoaudio/mia_dsp.c
@@ -44,7 +44,8 @@ static int init_hw(struct echoaudio *chip, u16 device_id, u16 subdevice_id)
 	if (snd_BUG_ON((subdevice_id & 0xfff0) != MIA))
 		return -ENODEV;
 
-	if ((err = init_dsp_comm_page(chip))) {
+	err = init_dsp_comm_page(chip);
+	if (err) {
 		dev_err(chip->card->dev,
 			"init_hw - could not initialize DSP comm page\n");
 		return err;
@@ -62,7 +63,8 @@ static int init_hw(struct echoaudio *chip, u16 device_id, u16 subdevice_id)
 	chip->input_clock_types = ECHO_CLOCK_BIT_INTERNAL |
 		ECHO_CLOCK_BIT_SPDIF;
 
-	if ((err = load_firmware(chip)) < 0)
+	err = load_firmware(chip);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	chip->bad_board = false;
 
diff --git a/sound/pci/echoaudio/midi.c b/sound/pci/echoaudio/midi.c
index 6045a115cffe..cb72d27e809e 100644
--- a/sound/pci/echoaudio/midi.c
+++ b/sound/pci/echoaudio/midi.c
@@ -308,8 +308,8 @@ static int snd_echo_midi_create(struct snd_card *card,
 {
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_rawmidi_new(card, card->shortname, 0, 1, 1,
-				   &chip->rmidi)) < 0)
+	err = snd_rawmidi_new(card, card->shortname, 0, 1, 1, &chip->rmidi);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	strcpy(chip->rmidi->name, card->shortname);
diff --git a/sound/pci/echoaudio/mona_dsp.c b/sound/pci/echoaudio/mona_dsp.c
index f77db83dd73d..f8e7bb6ce040 100644
--- a/sound/pci/echoaudio/mona_dsp.c
+++ b/sound/pci/echoaudio/mona_dsp.c
@@ -44,7 +44,8 @@ static int init_hw(struct echoaudio *chip, u16 device_id, u16 subdevice_id)
 	if (snd_BUG_ON((subdevice_id & 0xfff0) != MONA))
 		return -ENODEV;
 
-	if ((err = init_dsp_comm_page(chip))) {
+	err = init_dsp_comm_page(chip);
+	if (err) {
 		dev_err(chip->card->dev,
 			"init_hw - could not initialize DSP comm page\n");
 		return err;
@@ -67,7 +68,8 @@ static int init_hw(struct echoaudio *chip, u16 device_id, u16 subdevice_id)
 	else
 		chip->dsp_code_to_load = FW_MONA_301_DSP;
 
-	if ((err = load_firmware(chip)) < 0)
+	err = load_firmware(chip);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	chip->bad_board = false;
 
diff --git a/sound/pci/emu10k1/emu10k1.c b/sound/pci/emu10k1/emu10k1.c
index 45833bc2a7e7..887bfb3c1e17 100644
--- a/sound/pci/emu10k1/emu10k1.c
+++ b/sound/pci/emu10k1/emu10k1.c
@@ -107,18 +107,22 @@ static int snd_card_emu10k1_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 		max_buffer_size[dev] = 32;
 	else if (max_buffer_size[dev] > 1024)
 		max_buffer_size[dev] = 1024;
-	if ((err = snd_emu10k1_create(card, pci, extin[dev], extout[dev],
-				      (long)max_buffer_size[dev] * 1024 * 1024,
-				      enable_ir[dev], subsystem[dev],
-				      &emu)) < 0)
+	err = snd_emu10k1_create(card, pci, extin[dev], extout[dev],
+				 (long)max_buffer_size[dev] * 1024 * 1024,
+				 enable_ir[dev], subsystem[dev],
+				 &emu);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto error;
 	card->private_data = emu;
 	emu->delay_pcm_irq = delay_pcm_irq[dev] & 0x1f;
-	if ((err = snd_emu10k1_pcm(emu, 0)) < 0)
+	err = snd_emu10k1_pcm(emu, 0);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto error;
-	if ((err = snd_emu10k1_pcm_mic(emu, 1)) < 0)
+	err = snd_emu10k1_pcm_mic(emu, 1);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto error;
-	if ((err = snd_emu10k1_pcm_efx(emu, 2)) < 0)
+	err = snd_emu10k1_pcm_efx(emu, 2);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto error;
 	/* This stores the periods table. */
 	if (emu->card_capabilities->ca0151_chip) { /* P16V */	
@@ -128,26 +132,33 @@ static int snd_card_emu10k1_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 			goto error;
 	}
 
-	if ((err = snd_emu10k1_mixer(emu, 0, 3)) < 0)
+	err = snd_emu10k1_mixer(emu, 0, 3);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto error;
 	
-	if ((err = snd_emu10k1_timer(emu, 0)) < 0)
+	err = snd_emu10k1_timer(emu, 0);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto error;
 
-	if ((err = snd_emu10k1_pcm_multi(emu, 3)) < 0)
+	err = snd_emu10k1_pcm_multi(emu, 3);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto error;
 	if (emu->card_capabilities->ca0151_chip) { /* P16V */
-		if ((err = snd_p16v_pcm(emu, 4)) < 0)
+		err = snd_p16v_pcm(emu, 4);
+		if (err < 0)
 			goto error;
 	}
 	if (emu->audigy) {
-		if ((err = snd_emu10k1_audigy_midi(emu)) < 0)
+		err = snd_emu10k1_audigy_midi(emu);
+		if (err < 0)
 			goto error;
 	} else {
-		if ((err = snd_emu10k1_midi(emu)) < 0)
+		err = snd_emu10k1_midi(emu);
+		if (err < 0)
 			goto error;
 	}
-	if ((err = snd_emu10k1_fx8010_new(emu, 0)) < 0)
+	err = snd_emu10k1_fx8010_new(emu, 0);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto error;
 #ifdef ENABLE_SYNTH
 	if (snd_seq_device_new(card, 1, SNDRV_SEQ_DEV_ID_EMU10K1_SYNTH,
@@ -174,7 +185,8 @@ static int snd_card_emu10k1_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 		 "%s (rev.%d, serial:0x%x) at 0x%lx, irq %i",
 		 card->shortname, emu->revision, emu->serial, emu->port, emu->irq);
 
-	if ((err = snd_card_register(card)) < 0)
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto error;
 
 	if (emu->card_capabilities->emu_model)
diff --git a/sound/pci/emu10k1/emu10k1_callback.c b/sound/pci/emu10k1/emu10k1_callback.c
index 07471c3dcbed..dba1e9fc2eec 100644
--- a/sound/pci/emu10k1/emu10k1_callback.c
+++ b/sound/pci/emu10k1/emu10k1_callback.c
@@ -90,7 +90,8 @@ snd_emu10k1_synth_get_voice(struct snd_emu10k1 *hw)
 		if (best[i].voice >= 0) {
 			int ch;
 			vp = &emu->voices[best[i].voice];
-			if ((ch = vp->ch) < 0) {
+			ch = vp->ch;
+			if (ch < 0) {
 				/*
 				dev_warn(emu->card->dev,
 				       "synth_get_voice: ch < 0 (%d) ??", i);
diff --git a/sound/pci/emu10k1/emu10k1x.c b/sound/pci/emu10k1/emu10k1x.c
index d9a12cd01647..89b0f3884067 100644
--- a/sound/pci/emu10k1/emu10k1x.c
+++ b/sound/pci/emu10k1/emu10k1x.c
@@ -349,7 +349,8 @@ static void snd_emu10k1x_pcm_interrupt(struct emu10k1x *emu, struct emu10k1x_voi
 {
 	struct emu10k1x_pcm *epcm;
 
-	if ((epcm = voice->epcm) == NULL)
+	epcm = voice->epcm;
+	if (!epcm)
 		return;
 	if (epcm->substream == NULL)
 		return;
@@ -371,10 +372,11 @@ static int snd_emu10k1x_playback_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_integer(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIODS)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_integer(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIODS);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
-	}
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_step(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_BYTES, 64)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_step(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_BYTES, 64);
+	if (err < 0)
                 return err;
 
 	epcm = kzalloc(sizeof(*epcm), GFP_KERNEL);
@@ -550,10 +552,12 @@ static int snd_emu10k1x_pcm_open_capture(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_integer(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIODS)) < 0)
-                return err;
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_step(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_BYTES, 64)) < 0)
-                return err;
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_integer(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIODS);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_step(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_BYTES, 64);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
 
 	epcm = kzalloc(sizeof(*epcm), GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (epcm == NULL)
@@ -722,7 +726,8 @@ static int snd_emu10k1x_ac97(struct emu10k1x *chip)
 		.read = snd_emu10k1x_ac97_read,
 	};
   
-	if ((err = snd_ac97_bus(chip->card, 0, &ops, NULL, &pbus)) < 0)
+	err = snd_ac97_bus(chip->card, 0, &ops, NULL, &pbus);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	pbus->no_vra = 1; /* we don't need VRA */
 
@@ -838,7 +843,8 @@ static int snd_emu10k1x_pcm(struct emu10k1x *emu, int device)
 	if (device == 0)
 		capture = 1;
 	
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_new(emu->card, "emu10k1x", device, 1, capture, &pcm)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_new(emu->card, "emu10k1x", device, 1, capture, &pcm);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
   
 	pcm->private_data = emu;
@@ -891,7 +897,8 @@ static int snd_emu10k1x_create(struct snd_card *card,
 
 	*rchip = NULL;
 
-	if ((err = pci_enable_device(pci)) < 0)
+	err = pci_enable_device(pci);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	if (dma_set_mask_and_coherent(&pci->dev, DMA_BIT_MASK(28)) < 0) {
@@ -914,8 +921,8 @@ static int snd_emu10k1x_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	spin_lock_init(&chip->voice_lock);
   
 	chip->port = pci_resource_start(pci, 0);
-	if ((chip->res_port = request_region(chip->port, 8,
-					     "EMU10K1X")) == NULL) { 
+	chip->res_port = request_region(chip->port, 8, "EMU10K1X");
+	if (!chip->res_port) {
 		dev_err(card->dev, "cannot allocate the port 0x%lx\n",
 			chip->port);
 		snd_emu10k1x_free(chip);
@@ -991,8 +998,8 @@ static int snd_emu10k1x_create(struct snd_card *card,
 
 	outl(HCFG_LOCKSOUNDCACHE|HCFG_AUDIOENABLE, chip->port+HCFG);
 
-	if ((err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL,
-				  chip, &ops)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_emu10k1x_free(chip);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -1171,17 +1178,23 @@ static int snd_emu10k1x_mixer(struct emu10k1x *emu)
 	struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;
 	struct snd_card *card = emu->card;
 
-	if ((kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_emu10k1x_spdif_mask_control, emu)) == NULL)
+	kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_emu10k1x_spdif_mask_control, emu);
+	if (!kctl)
 		return -ENOMEM;
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl)))
+	err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+	if (err)
 		return err;
-	if ((kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_emu10k1x_shared_spdif, emu)) == NULL)
+	kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_emu10k1x_shared_spdif, emu);
+	if (!kctl)
 		return -ENOMEM;
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl)))
+	err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+	if (err)
 		return err;
-	if ((kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_emu10k1x_spdif_control, emu)) == NULL)
+	kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_emu10k1x_spdif_control, emu);
+	if (!kctl)
 		return -ENOMEM;
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl)))
+	err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+	if (err)
 		return err;
 
 	return 0;
@@ -1488,7 +1501,8 @@ static int emu10k1x_midi_init(struct emu10k1x *emu,
 	struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_rawmidi_new(emu->card, name, device, 1, 1, &rmidi)) < 0)
+	err = snd_rawmidi_new(emu->card, name, device, 1, 1, &rmidi);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	midi->emu = emu;
 	spin_lock_init(&midi->open_lock);
@@ -1511,7 +1525,8 @@ static int snd_emu10k1x_midi(struct emu10k1x *emu)
 	struct emu10k1x_midi *midi = &emu->midi;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = emu10k1x_midi_init(emu, midi, 0, "EMU10K1X MPU-401 (UART)")) < 0)
+	err = emu10k1x_midi_init(emu, midi, 0, "EMU10K1X MPU-401 (UART)");
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	midi->tx_enable = INTE_MIDITXENABLE;
@@ -1543,35 +1558,42 @@ static int snd_emu10k1x_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_emu10k1x_create(card, pci, &chip)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_emu10k1x_create(card, pci, &chip);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
 
-	if ((err = snd_emu10k1x_pcm(chip, 0)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_emu10k1x_pcm(chip, 0);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
-	if ((err = snd_emu10k1x_pcm(chip, 1)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_emu10k1x_pcm(chip, 1);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
-	if ((err = snd_emu10k1x_pcm(chip, 2)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_emu10k1x_pcm(chip, 2);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
 
-	if ((err = snd_emu10k1x_ac97(chip)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_emu10k1x_ac97(chip);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
 
-	if ((err = snd_emu10k1x_mixer(chip)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_emu10k1x_mixer(chip);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
 	
-	if ((err = snd_emu10k1x_midi(chip)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_emu10k1x_midi(chip);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -1583,7 +1605,8 @@ static int snd_emu10k1x_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	sprintf(card->longname, "%s at 0x%lx irq %i",
 		card->shortname, chip->port, chip->irq);
 
-	if ((err = snd_card_register(card)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/pci/emu10k1/emufx.c b/sound/pci/emu10k1/emufx.c
index 80ef62a4a7c0..6cf7c8b1de47 100644
--- a/sound/pci/emu10k1/emufx.c
+++ b/sound/pci/emu10k1/emufx.c
@@ -436,7 +436,8 @@ int snd_emu10k1_fx8010_unregister_irq_handler(struct snd_emu10k1 *emu,
 	unsigned long flags;
 	
 	spin_lock_irqsave(&emu->fx8010.irq_lock, flags);
-	if ((tmp = emu->fx8010.irq_handlers) == irq) {
+	tmp = emu->fx8010.irq_handlers;
+	if (tmp == irq) {
 		emu->fx8010.irq_handlers = tmp->next;
 		if (emu->fx8010.irq_handlers == NULL) {
 			snd_emu10k1_intr_disable(emu, INTE_FXDSPENABLE);
@@ -871,7 +872,9 @@ static int snd_emu10k1_add_controls(struct snd_emu10k1 *emu,
 			}
 			knew.private_value = (unsigned long)ctl;
 			*ctl = *nctl;
-			if ((err = snd_ctl_add(emu->card, kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&knew, emu))) < 0) {
+			kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&knew, emu);
+			err = snd_ctl_add(emu->card, kctl);
+			if (err < 0) {
 				kfree(ctl);
 				kfree(knew.tlv.p);
 				goto __error;
@@ -2403,7 +2406,8 @@ static int _snd_emu10k1_init_efx(struct snd_emu10k1 *emu)
 	while (ptr < 0x200)
 		OP(icode, &ptr, iACC3, C_00000000, C_00000000, C_00000000, C_00000000);
 
-	if ((err = snd_emu10k1_fx8010_tram_setup(emu, ipcm->buffer_size)) < 0)
+	err = snd_emu10k1_fx8010_tram_setup(emu, ipcm->buffer_size);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto __err;
 	icode->gpr_add_control_count = i;
 	icode->gpr_add_controls = controls;
@@ -2681,7 +2685,8 @@ int snd_emu10k1_fx8010_new(struct snd_emu10k1 *emu, int device)
 	struct snd_hwdep *hw;
 	int err;
 	
-	if ((err = snd_hwdep_new(emu->card, "FX8010", device, &hw)) < 0)
+	err = snd_hwdep_new(emu->card, "FX8010", device, &hw);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	strcpy(hw->name, "EMU10K1 (FX8010)");
 	hw->iface = SNDRV_HWDEP_IFACE_EMU10K1;
diff --git a/sound/pci/emu10k1/emumixer.c b/sound/pci/emu10k1/emumixer.c
index 8a6cbe67e29d..e9c0fe3b8446 100644
--- a/sound/pci/emu10k1/emumixer.c
+++ b/sound/pci/emu10k1/emumixer.c
@@ -1119,7 +1119,8 @@ static int snd_audigy_spdif_output_rate_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
 	reg = snd_emu10k1_ptr_read(emu, A_SPDIF_SAMPLERATE, 0);
 	tmp = reg & ~A_SPDIF_RATE_MASK;
 	tmp |= val;
-	if ((change = (tmp != reg)))
+	change = (tmp != reg);
+	if (change)
 		snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, A_SPDIF_SAMPLERATE, 0, tmp);
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&emu->reg_lock, flags);
 	return change;
@@ -1903,7 +1904,8 @@ int snd_emu10k1_mixer(struct snd_emu10k1 *emu,
 			.read = snd_emu10k1_ac97_read,
 		};
 
-		if ((err = snd_ac97_bus(emu->card, 0, &ops, NULL, &pbus)) < 0)
+		err = snd_ac97_bus(emu->card, 0, &ops, NULL, &pbus);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 		pbus->no_vra = 1; /* we don't need VRA */
 		
@@ -1911,7 +1913,8 @@ int snd_emu10k1_mixer(struct snd_emu10k1 *emu,
 		ac97.private_data = emu;
 		ac97.private_free = snd_emu10k1_mixer_free_ac97;
 		ac97.scaps = AC97_SCAP_NO_SPDIF;
-		if ((err = snd_ac97_mixer(pbus, &ac97, &emu->ac97)) < 0) {
+		err = snd_ac97_mixer(pbus, &ac97, &emu->ac97);
+		if (err < 0) {
 			if (emu->card_capabilities->ac97_chip == 1)
 				return err;
 			dev_info(emu->card->dev,
@@ -1991,38 +1994,50 @@ int snd_emu10k1_mixer(struct snd_emu10k1 *emu,
 		rename_ctl(card, "Aux2 Capture Volume", "Line3 Capture Volume");
 		rename_ctl(card, "Mic Capture Volume", "Unknown1 Capture Volume");
 	}
-	if ((kctl = emu->ctl_send_routing = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_emu10k1_send_routing_control, emu)) == NULL)
+	kctl = emu->ctl_send_routing = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_emu10k1_send_routing_control, emu);
+	if (!kctl)
 		return -ENOMEM;
 	kctl->id.device = pcm_device;
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl)))
+	err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+	if (err)
 		return err;
-	if ((kctl = emu->ctl_send_volume = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_emu10k1_send_volume_control, emu)) == NULL)
+	kctl = emu->ctl_send_volume = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_emu10k1_send_volume_control, emu);
+	if (!kctl)
 		return -ENOMEM;
 	kctl->id.device = pcm_device;
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl)))
+	err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+	if (err)
 		return err;
-	if ((kctl = emu->ctl_attn = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_emu10k1_attn_control, emu)) == NULL)
+	kctl = emu->ctl_attn = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_emu10k1_attn_control, emu);
+	if (!kctl)
 		return -ENOMEM;
 	kctl->id.device = pcm_device;
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl)))
+	err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+	if (err)
 		return err;
 
-	if ((kctl = emu->ctl_efx_send_routing = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_emu10k1_efx_send_routing_control, emu)) == NULL)
+	kctl = emu->ctl_efx_send_routing = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_emu10k1_efx_send_routing_control, emu);
+	if (!kctl)
 		return -ENOMEM;
 	kctl->id.device = multi_device;
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl)))
+	err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+	if (err)
 		return err;
 	
-	if ((kctl = emu->ctl_efx_send_volume = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_emu10k1_efx_send_volume_control, emu)) == NULL)
+	kctl = emu->ctl_efx_send_volume = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_emu10k1_efx_send_volume_control, emu);
+	if (!kctl)
 		return -ENOMEM;
 	kctl->id.device = multi_device;
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl)))
+	err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+	if (err)
 		return err;
 	
-	if ((kctl = emu->ctl_efx_attn = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_emu10k1_efx_attn_control, emu)) == NULL)
+	kctl = emu->ctl_efx_attn = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_emu10k1_efx_attn_control, emu);
+	if (!kctl)
 		return -ENOMEM;
 	kctl->id.device = multi_device;
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl)))
+	err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+	if (err)
 		return err;
 
 	/* initialize the routing and volume table for each pcm playback stream */
@@ -2069,42 +2084,53 @@ int snd_emu10k1_mixer(struct snd_emu10k1 *emu,
 	
 	if (! emu->card_capabilities->ecard) { /* FIXME: APS has these controls? */
 		/* sb live! and audigy */
-		if ((kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_emu10k1_spdif_mask_control, emu)) == NULL)
+		kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_emu10k1_spdif_mask_control, emu);
+		if (!kctl)
 			return -ENOMEM;
 		if (!emu->audigy)
 			kctl->id.device = emu->pcm_efx->device;
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl)))
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+		if (err)
 			return err;
-		if ((kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_emu10k1_spdif_control, emu)) == NULL)
+		kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_emu10k1_spdif_control, emu);
+		if (!kctl)
 			return -ENOMEM;
 		if (!emu->audigy)
 			kctl->id.device = emu->pcm_efx->device;
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl)))
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+		if (err)
 			return err;
 	}
 
 	if (emu->card_capabilities->emu_model) {
 		;  /* Disable the snd_audigy_spdif_shared_spdif */
 	} else if (emu->audigy) {
-		if ((kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_audigy_shared_spdif, emu)) == NULL)
+		kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_audigy_shared_spdif, emu);
+		if (!kctl)
 			return -ENOMEM;
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl)))
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+		if (err)
 			return err;
 #if 0
-		if ((kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_audigy_spdif_output_rate, emu)) == NULL)
+		kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_audigy_spdif_output_rate, emu);
+		if (!kctl)
 			return -ENOMEM;
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl)))
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+		if (err)
 			return err;
 #endif
 	} else if (! emu->card_capabilities->ecard) {
 		/* sb live! */
-		if ((kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_emu10k1_shared_spdif, emu)) == NULL)
+		kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_emu10k1_shared_spdif, emu);
+		if (!kctl)
 			return -ENOMEM;
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl)))
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+		if (err)
 			return err;
 	}
 	if (emu->card_capabilities->ca0151_chip) { /* P16V */
-		if ((err = snd_p16v_mixer(emu)))
+		err = snd_p16v_mixer(emu);
+		if (err)
 			return err;
 	}
 
diff --git a/sound/pci/emu10k1/emumpu401.c b/sound/pci/emu10k1/emumpu401.c
index b62c95150702..3ce9b2129ce6 100644
--- a/sound/pci/emu10k1/emumpu401.c
+++ b/sound/pci/emu10k1/emumpu401.c
@@ -319,7 +319,8 @@ static int emu10k1_midi_init(struct snd_emu10k1 *emu, struct snd_emu10k1_midi *m
 	struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_rawmidi_new(emu->card, name, device, 1, 1, &rmidi)) < 0)
+	err = snd_rawmidi_new(emu->card, name, device, 1, 1, &rmidi);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	midi->emu = emu;
 	spin_lock_init(&midi->open_lock);
@@ -342,7 +343,8 @@ int snd_emu10k1_midi(struct snd_emu10k1 *emu)
 	struct snd_emu10k1_midi *midi = &emu->midi;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = emu10k1_midi_init(emu, midi, 0, "EMU10K1 MPU-401 (UART)")) < 0)
+	err = emu10k1_midi_init(emu, midi, 0, "EMU10K1 MPU-401 (UART)");
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	midi->tx_enable = INTE_MIDITXENABLE;
@@ -360,7 +362,8 @@ int snd_emu10k1_audigy_midi(struct snd_emu10k1 *emu)
 	int err;
 
 	midi = &emu->midi;
-	if ((err = emu10k1_midi_init(emu, midi, 0, "Audigy MPU-401 (UART)")) < 0)
+	err = emu10k1_midi_init(emu, midi, 0, "Audigy MPU-401 (UART)");
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	midi->tx_enable = INTE_MIDITXENABLE;
@@ -371,7 +374,8 @@ int snd_emu10k1_audigy_midi(struct snd_emu10k1 *emu)
 	midi->interrupt = snd_emu10k1_midi_interrupt;
 
 	midi = &emu->midi2;
-	if ((err = emu10k1_midi_init(emu, midi, 1, "Audigy MPU-401 #2")) < 0)
+	err = emu10k1_midi_init(emu, midi, 1, "Audigy MPU-401 #2");
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	midi->tx_enable = INTE_A_MIDITXENABLE2;
diff --git a/sound/pci/emu10k1/emupcm.c b/sound/pci/emu10k1/emupcm.c
index b2ddabb99438..b2701a4452d8 100644
--- a/sound/pci/emu10k1/emupcm.c
+++ b/sound/pci/emu10k1/emupcm.c
@@ -25,7 +25,8 @@ static void snd_emu10k1_pcm_interrupt(struct snd_emu10k1 *emu,
 {
 	struct snd_emu10k1_pcm *epcm;
 
-	if ((epcm = voice->epcm) == NULL)
+	epcm = voice->epcm;
+	if (!epcm)
 		return;
 	if (epcm->substream == NULL)
 		return;
@@ -399,7 +400,8 @@ static int snd_emu10k1_playback_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
 	size_t alloc_size;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_emu10k1_pcm_channel_alloc(epcm, params_channels(hw_params))) < 0)
+	err = snd_emu10k1_pcm_channel_alloc(epcm, params_channels(hw_params));
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	alloc_size = params_buffer_bytes(hw_params);
@@ -1124,11 +1126,13 @@ static int snd_emu10k1_playback_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 	runtime->private_data = epcm;
 	runtime->private_free = snd_emu10k1_pcm_free_substream;
 	runtime->hw = snd_emu10k1_playback;
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_integer(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIODS)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_integer(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIODS);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		kfree(epcm);
 		return err;
 	}
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_minmax(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_BUFFER_BYTES, 256, UINT_MAX)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_minmax(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_BUFFER_BYTES, 256, UINT_MAX);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		kfree(epcm);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -1380,7 +1384,8 @@ int snd_emu10k1_pcm(struct snd_emu10k1 *emu, int device)
 	struct snd_pcm_substream *substream;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_new(emu->card, "emu10k1", device, 32, 1, &pcm)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_new(emu->card, "emu10k1", device, 32, 1, &pcm);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	pcm->private_data = emu;
@@ -1412,7 +1417,8 @@ int snd_emu10k1_pcm_multi(struct snd_emu10k1 *emu, int device)
 	struct snd_pcm_substream *substream;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_new(emu->card, "emu10k1", device, 1, 0, &pcm)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_new(emu->card, "emu10k1", device, 1, 0, &pcm);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	pcm->private_data = emu;
@@ -1446,7 +1452,8 @@ int snd_emu10k1_pcm_mic(struct snd_emu10k1 *emu, int device)
 	struct snd_pcm *pcm;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_new(emu->card, "emu10k1 mic", device, 0, 1, &pcm)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_new(emu->card, "emu10k1 mic", device, 0, 1, &pcm);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	pcm->private_data = emu;
@@ -1774,7 +1781,8 @@ int snd_emu10k1_pcm_efx(struct snd_emu10k1 *emu, int device)
 	struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_new(emu->card, "emu10k1 efx", device, 8, 1, &pcm)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_new(emu->card, "emu10k1 efx", device, 8, 1, &pcm);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	pcm->private_data = emu;
diff --git a/sound/pci/emu10k1/memory.c b/sound/pci/emu10k1/memory.c
index 288e0fd2e47d..9d26535f3fa3 100644
--- a/sound/pci/emu10k1/memory.c
+++ b/sound/pci/emu10k1/memory.c
@@ -169,16 +169,20 @@ static int unmap_memblk(struct snd_emu10k1 *emu, struct snd_emu10k1_memblk *blk)
 	struct snd_emu10k1_memblk *q;
 
 	/* calculate the expected size of empty region */
-	if ((p = blk->mapped_link.prev) != &emu->mapped_link_head) {
+	p = blk->mapped_link.prev;
+	if (p != &emu->mapped_link_head) {
 		q = get_emu10k1_memblk(p, mapped_link);
 		start_page = q->mapped_page + q->pages;
-	} else
+	} else {
 		start_page = 1;
-	if ((p = blk->mapped_link.next) != &emu->mapped_link_head) {
+	}
+	p = blk->mapped_link.next;
+	if (p != &emu->mapped_link_head) {
 		q = get_emu10k1_memblk(p, mapped_link);
 		end_page = q->mapped_page;
-	} else
+	} else {
 		end_page = (emu->address_mode ? MAX_ALIGN_PAGES1 : MAX_ALIGN_PAGES0);
+	}
 
 	/* remove links */
 	list_del(&blk->mapped_link);
@@ -267,7 +271,8 @@ int snd_emu10k1_memblk_map(struct snd_emu10k1 *emu, struct snd_emu10k1_memblk *b
 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&emu->memblk_lock, flags);
 		return 0;
 	}
-	if ((err = map_memblk(emu, blk)) < 0) {
+	err = map_memblk(emu, blk);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		/* no enough page - try to unmap some blocks */
 		/* starting from the oldest block */
 		p = emu->mapped_order_link_head.next;
@@ -454,13 +459,15 @@ static void get_single_page_range(struct snd_util_memhdr *hdr,
 	struct snd_emu10k1_memblk *q;
 	int first_page, last_page;
 	first_page = blk->first_page;
-	if ((p = blk->mem.list.prev) != &hdr->block) {
+	p = blk->mem.list.prev;
+	if (p != &hdr->block) {
 		q = get_emu10k1_memblk(p, mem.list);
 		if (q->last_page == first_page)
 			first_page++;  /* first page was already allocated */
 	}
 	last_page = blk->last_page;
-	if ((p = blk->mem.list.next) != &hdr->block) {
+	p = blk->mem.list.next;
+	if (p != &hdr->block) {
 		q = get_emu10k1_memblk(p, mem.list);
 		if (q->first_page == last_page)
 			last_page--; /* last page was already allocated */
diff --git a/sound/pci/emu10k1/p16v.c b/sound/pci/emu10k1/p16v.c
index 1099f102b365..ff2a3974c824 100644
--- a/sound/pci/emu10k1/p16v.c
+++ b/sound/pci/emu10k1/p16v.c
@@ -194,7 +194,8 @@ static int snd_p16v_pcm_open_playback_channel(struct snd_pcm_substream *substrea
 #endif /* debug */
 	/* channel->interrupt = snd_p16v_pcm_channel_interrupt; */
 	channel->epcm = epcm;
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_integer(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIODS)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_integer(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIODS);
+	if (err < 0)
                 return err;
 
 	runtime->sync.id32[0] = substream->pcm->card->number;
@@ -242,7 +243,8 @@ static int snd_p16v_pcm_open_capture_channel(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream
 #endif /* debug */
 	/* channel->interrupt = snd_p16v_pcm_channel_interrupt; */
 	channel->epcm = epcm;
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_integer(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIODS)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_integer(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIODS);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	return 0;
@@ -589,7 +591,8 @@ int snd_p16v_pcm(struct snd_emu10k1 *emu, int device)
 	/* dev_dbg(emu->card->dev, "snd_p16v_pcm called. device=%d\n", device); */
 	emu->p16v_device_offset = device;
 
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_new(emu->card, "p16v", device, 1, capture, &pcm)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_new(emu->card, "p16v", device, 1, capture, &pcm);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
   
 	pcm->private_data = emu;
@@ -808,8 +811,8 @@ int snd_p16v_mixer(struct snd_emu10k1 *emu)
         struct snd_card *card = emu->card;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(p16v_mixer_controls); i++) {
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&p16v_mixer_controls[i],
-							  emu))) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&p16v_mixer_controls[i], emu));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
         return 0;
diff --git a/sound/pci/emu10k1/timer.c b/sound/pci/emu10k1/timer.c
index c2803000aace..2435d3ba68f7 100644
--- a/sound/pci/emu10k1/timer.c
+++ b/sound/pci/emu10k1/timer.c
@@ -72,7 +72,8 @@ int snd_emu10k1_timer(struct snd_emu10k1 *emu, int device)
 	tid.card = emu->card->number;
 	tid.device = device;
 	tid.subdevice = 0;
-	if ((err = snd_timer_new(emu->card, "EMU10K1", &tid, &timer)) >= 0) {
+	err = snd_timer_new(emu->card, "EMU10K1", &tid, &timer);
+	if (err >= 0) {
 		strcpy(timer->name, "EMU10K1 timer");
 		timer->private_data = emu;
 		timer->hw = snd_emu10k1_timer_hw;
diff --git a/sound/pci/ens1370.c b/sound/pci/ens1370.c
index 3ccccdbc0029..728b69dad21b 100644
--- a/sound/pci/ens1370.c
+++ b/sound/pci/ens1370.c
@@ -672,7 +672,8 @@ static unsigned short snd_es1371_codec_read(struct snd_ac97 *ac97,
 			}
 			/* now wait for the stinkin' data (RDY) */
 			for (t = 0; t < POLL_COUNT; t++) {
-				if ((x = inl(ES_REG(ensoniq, 1371_CODEC))) & ES_1371_CODEC_RDY) {
+				x = inl(ES_REG(ensoniq, 1371_CODEC));
+				if (x & ES_1371_CODEC_RDY) {
 					if (is_ev1938(ensoniq)) {
 						for (t = 0; t < 100; t++)
 							inl(ES_REG(ensoniq, CONTROL));
@@ -1594,7 +1595,8 @@ static int snd_ensoniq_1371_mixer(struct ensoniq *ensoniq,
 		.wait = snd_es1371_codec_wait,
 	};
 
-	if ((err = snd_ac97_bus(card, 0, &ops, NULL, &pbus)) < 0)
+	err = snd_ac97_bus(card, 0, &ops, NULL, &pbus);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	memset(&ac97, 0, sizeof(ac97));
@@ -1602,7 +1604,8 @@ static int snd_ensoniq_1371_mixer(struct ensoniq *ensoniq,
 	ac97.private_free = snd_ensoniq_mixer_free_ac97;
 	ac97.pci = ensoniq->pci;
 	ac97.scaps = AC97_SCAP_AUDIO;
-	if ((err = snd_ac97_mixer(pbus, &ac97, &ensoniq->u.es1371.ac97)) < 0)
+	err = snd_ac97_mixer(pbus, &ac97, &ensoniq->u.es1371.ac97);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	if (has_spdif > 0 ||
 	    (!has_spdif && es1371_quirk_lookup(ensoniq, es1371_spdif_present))) {
@@ -1722,7 +1725,8 @@ static int snd_ensoniq_1370_mixer(struct ensoniq *ensoniq)
 	ak4531.write = snd_es1370_codec_write;
 	ak4531.private_data = ensoniq;
 	ak4531.private_free = snd_ensoniq_mixer_free_ak4531;
-	if ((err = snd_ak4531_mixer(card, &ak4531, &ensoniq->u.es1370.ak4531)) < 0)
+	err = snd_ak4531_mixer(card, &ak4531, &ensoniq->u.es1370.ak4531);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	for (idx = 0; idx < ES1370_CONTROLS; idx++) {
 		err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_es1370_controls[idx], ensoniq));
@@ -2038,7 +2042,8 @@ static int snd_ensoniq_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	};
 
 	*rensoniq = NULL;
-	if ((err = pci_enable_device(pci)) < 0)
+	err = pci_enable_device(pci);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	ensoniq = kzalloc(sizeof(*ensoniq), GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (ensoniq == NULL) {
@@ -2050,7 +2055,8 @@ static int snd_ensoniq_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	ensoniq->card = card;
 	ensoniq->pci = pci;
 	ensoniq->irq = -1;
-	if ((err = pci_request_regions(pci, "Ensoniq AudioPCI")) < 0) {
+	err = pci_request_regions(pci, "Ensoniq AudioPCI");
+	if (err < 0) {
 		kfree(ensoniq);
 		pci_disable_device(pci);
 		return err;
@@ -2095,7 +2101,8 @@ static int snd_ensoniq_create(struct snd_card *card,
 
 	snd_ensoniq_chip_init(ensoniq);
 
-	if ((err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, ensoniq, &ops)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, ensoniq, &ops);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_ensoniq_free(ensoniq);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -2286,7 +2293,8 @@ static int snd_ensoniq_midi(struct ensoniq *ensoniq, int device)
 	struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_rawmidi_new(ensoniq->card, "ES1370/1", device, 1, 1, &rmidi)) < 0)
+	err = snd_rawmidi_new(ensoniq->card, "ES1370/1", device, 1, 1, &rmidi);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	strcpy(rmidi->name, CHIP_NAME);
 	snd_rawmidi_set_ops(rmidi, SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_OUTPUT, &snd_ensoniq_midi_output);
@@ -2357,33 +2365,39 @@ static int snd_audiopci_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_ensoniq_create(card, pci, &ensoniq)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_ensoniq_create(card, pci, &ensoniq);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
 	card->private_data = ensoniq;
 
 #ifdef CHIP1370
-	if ((err = snd_ensoniq_1370_mixer(ensoniq)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_ensoniq_1370_mixer(ensoniq);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
 #endif
 #ifdef CHIP1371
-	if ((err = snd_ensoniq_1371_mixer(ensoniq, spdif[dev], lineio[dev])) < 0) {
+	err = snd_ensoniq_1371_mixer(ensoniq, spdif[dev], lineio[dev]);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
 #endif
-	if ((err = snd_ensoniq_pcm(ensoniq, 0)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_ensoniq_pcm(ensoniq, 0);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
-	if ((err = snd_ensoniq_pcm2(ensoniq, 1)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_ensoniq_pcm2(ensoniq, 1);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
-	if ((err = snd_ensoniq_midi(ensoniq, 0)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_ensoniq_midi(ensoniq, 0);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -2399,7 +2413,8 @@ static int snd_audiopci_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 		ensoniq->port,
 		ensoniq->irq);
 
-	if ((err = snd_card_register(card)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/pci/es1938.c b/sound/pci/es1938.c
index afc66347d162..33b1eb347a27 100644
--- a/sound/pci/es1938.c
+++ b/sound/pci/es1938.c
@@ -293,7 +293,8 @@ static void snd_es1938_write_cmd(struct es1938 *chip, unsigned char cmd)
 	int i;
 	unsigned char v;
 	for (i = 0; i < WRITE_LOOP_TIMEOUT; i++) {
-		if (!(v = inb(SLSB_REG(chip, READSTATUS)) & 0x80)) {
+		v = inb(SLSB_REG(chip, READSTATUS));
+		if (!(v & 0x80)) {
 			outb(cmd, SLSB_REG(chip, WRITEDATA));
 			return;
 		}
@@ -309,9 +310,11 @@ static int snd_es1938_get_byte(struct es1938 *chip)
 {
 	int i;
 	unsigned char v;
-	for (i = GET_LOOP_TIMEOUT; i; i--)
-		if ((v = inb(SLSB_REG(chip, STATUS))) & 0x80)
+	for (i = GET_LOOP_TIMEOUT; i; i--) {
+		v = inb(SLSB_REG(chip, STATUS));
+		if (v & 0x80)
 			return inb(SLSB_REG(chip, READDATA));
+	}
 	dev_err(chip->card->dev, "get_byte timeout: status 0x02%x\n", v);
 	return -ENODEV;
 }
@@ -993,7 +996,8 @@ static int snd_es1938_new_pcm(struct es1938 *chip, int device)
 	struct snd_pcm *pcm;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_new(chip->card, "es-1938-1946", device, 2, 1, &pcm)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_new(chip->card, "es-1938-1946", device, 2, 1, &pcm);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, &snd_es1938_playback_ops);
 	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE, &snd_es1938_capture_ops);
@@ -1553,7 +1557,8 @@ static int snd_es1938_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	*rchip = NULL;
 
 	/* enable PCI device */
-	if ((err = pci_enable_device(pci)) < 0)
+	err = pci_enable_device(pci);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
         /* check, if we can restrict PCI DMA transfers to 24 bits */
 	if (dma_set_mask_and_coherent(&pci->dev, DMA_BIT_MASK(24))) {
@@ -1573,7 +1578,8 @@ static int snd_es1938_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	chip->card = card;
 	chip->pci = pci;
 	chip->irq = -1;
-	if ((err = pci_request_regions(pci, "ESS Solo-1")) < 0) {
+	err = pci_request_regions(pci, "ESS Solo-1");
+	if (err < 0) {
 		kfree(chip);
 		pci_disable_device(pci);
 		return err;
@@ -1599,7 +1605,8 @@ static int snd_es1938_create(struct snd_card *card,
 
 	snd_es1938_chip_init(chip);
 
-	if ((err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_es1938_free(chip);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -1731,7 +1738,8 @@ static int snd_es1938_mixer(struct es1938 *chip)
 				kctl->private_free = snd_es1938_hwv_free;
 				break;
 			}
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl)) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 	return 0;
@@ -1765,7 +1773,8 @@ static int snd_es1938_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 		    	return -ENODEV;
 		}
 	}
-	if ((err = snd_es1938_create(card, pci, &chip)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_es1938_create(card, pci, &chip);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -1778,11 +1787,13 @@ static int snd_es1938_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 		chip->revision,
 		chip->irq);
 
-	if ((err = snd_es1938_new_pcm(chip, 0)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_es1938_new_pcm(chip, 0);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
-	if ((err = snd_es1938_mixer(chip)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_es1938_mixer(chip);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -1793,11 +1804,13 @@ static int snd_es1938_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 		dev_err(card->dev, "OPL3 not detected at 0x%lx\n",
 			   SLSB_REG(chip, FMLOWADDR));
 	} else {
-	        if ((err = snd_opl3_timer_new(opl3, 0, 1)) < 0) {
+		err = snd_opl3_timer_new(opl3, 0, 1);
+		if (err < 0) {
 	                snd_card_free(card);
 	                return err;
 		}
-	        if ((err = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, 1, NULL)) < 0) {
+		err = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, 1, NULL);
+		if (err < 0) {
 	                snd_card_free(card);
 	                return err;
 		}
@@ -1815,7 +1828,8 @@ static int snd_es1938_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 
 	snd_es1938_create_gameport(chip);
 
-	if ((err = snd_card_register(card)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/pci/es1968.c b/sound/pci/es1968.c
index 5fa1861236f5..c038c1035c39 100644
--- a/sound/pci/es1968.c
+++ b/sound/pci/es1968.c
@@ -1600,7 +1600,8 @@ static int snd_es1968_capture_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 	es->mode = ESM_MODE_CAPTURE;
 
 	/* get mixbuffer */
-	if ((es->mixbuf = snd_es1968_new_memory(chip, ESM_MIXBUF_SIZE)) == NULL) {
+	es->mixbuf = snd_es1968_new_memory(chip, ESM_MIXBUF_SIZE);
+	if (!es->mixbuf) {
 		snd_es1968_free_apu_pair(chip, apu1);
 		snd_es1968_free_apu_pair(chip, apu2);
 		kfree(es);
@@ -1695,11 +1696,13 @@ static void es1968_measure_clock(struct es1968 *chip)
 		chip->clock = 48000; /* default clock value */
 
 	/* search 2 APUs (although one apu is enough) */
-	if ((apu = snd_es1968_alloc_apu_pair(chip, ESM_APU_PCM_PLAY)) < 0) {
+	apu = snd_es1968_alloc_apu_pair(chip, ESM_APU_PCM_PLAY);
+	if (apu < 0) {
 		dev_err(chip->card->dev, "Hmm, cannot find empty APU pair!?\n");
 		return;
 	}
-	if ((memory = snd_es1968_new_memory(chip, CLOCK_MEASURE_BUFSIZE)) == NULL) {
+	memory = snd_es1968_new_memory(chip, CLOCK_MEASURE_BUFSIZE);
+	if (!memory) {
 		dev_warn(chip->card->dev,
 			 "cannot allocate dma buffer - using default clock %d\n",
 			 chip->clock);
@@ -1791,7 +1794,8 @@ snd_es1968_pcm(struct es1968 *chip, int device)
 	int err;
 
 	/* get DMA buffer */
-	if ((err = snd_es1968_init_dmabuf(chip)) < 0)
+	err = snd_es1968_init_dmabuf(chip);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	/* set PCMBAR */
@@ -1800,9 +1804,10 @@ snd_es1968_pcm(struct es1968 *chip, int device)
 	wave_set_register(chip, 0x01FE, chip->dma.addr >> 12);
 	wave_set_register(chip, 0x01FF, chip->dma.addr >> 12);
 
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_new(chip->card, "ESS Maestro", device,
-			       chip->playback_streams,
-			       chip->capture_streams, &pcm)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_new(chip->card, "ESS Maestro", device,
+			  chip->playback_streams,
+			  chip->capture_streams, &pcm);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	pcm->private_data = chip;
@@ -1953,7 +1958,8 @@ static irqreturn_t snd_es1968_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id)
 	struct es1968 *chip = dev_id;
 	u32 event;
 
-	if (!(event = inb(chip->io_port + 0x1A)))
+	event = inb(chip->io_port + 0x1A);
+	if (!event)
 		return IRQ_NONE;
 
 	outw(inw(chip->io_port + 4) & 1, chip->io_port + 4);
@@ -2008,13 +2014,15 @@ snd_es1968_mixer(struct es1968 *chip)
 		.read = snd_es1968_ac97_read,
 	};
 
-	if ((err = snd_ac97_bus(chip->card, 0, &ops, NULL, &pbus)) < 0)
+	err = snd_ac97_bus(chip->card, 0, &ops, NULL, &pbus);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	pbus->no_vra = 1; /* ES1968 doesn't need VRA */
 
 	memset(&ac97, 0, sizeof(ac97));
 	ac97.private_data = chip;
-	if ((err = snd_ac97_mixer(pbus, &ac97, &chip->ac97)) < 0)
+	err = snd_ac97_mixer(pbus, &ac97, &chip->ac97);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 #ifndef CONFIG_SND_ES1968_INPUT
@@ -2661,7 +2669,8 @@ static int snd_es1968_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	*chip_ret = NULL;
 
 	/* enable PCI device */
-	if ((err = pci_enable_device(pci)) < 0)
+	err = pci_enable_device(pci);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	/* check, if we can restrict PCI DMA transfers to 28 bits */
 	if (dma_set_mask_and_coherent(&pci->dev, DMA_BIT_MASK(28))) {
@@ -2692,7 +2701,8 @@ static int snd_es1968_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	chip->playback_streams = play_streams;
 	chip->capture_streams = capt_streams;
 
-	if ((err = pci_request_regions(pci, "ESS Maestro")) < 0) {
+	err = pci_request_regions(pci, "ESS Maestro");
+	if (err < 0) {
 		kfree(chip);
 		pci_disable_device(pci);
 		return err;
@@ -2739,7 +2749,8 @@ static int snd_es1968_create(struct snd_card *card,
 
 	snd_es1968_chip_init(chip);
 
-	if ((err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_es1968_free(chip);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -2804,14 +2815,15 @@ static int snd_es1968_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 		total_bufsize[dev] = 128;
 	if (total_bufsize[dev] > 4096)
 		total_bufsize[dev] = 4096;
-	if ((err = snd_es1968_create(card, pci,
-				     total_bufsize[dev] * 1024, /* in bytes */
-				     pcm_substreams_p[dev], 
-				     pcm_substreams_c[dev],
-				     pci_id->driver_data,
-				     use_pm[dev],
-				     radio_nr[dev],
-				     &chip)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_es1968_create(card, pci,
+				total_bufsize[dev] * 1024, /* in bytes */
+				pcm_substreams_p[dev],
+				pcm_substreams_c[dev],
+				pci_id->driver_data,
+				use_pm[dev],
+				radio_nr[dev],
+				&chip);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -2832,12 +2844,14 @@ static int snd_es1968_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 		break;
 	}
 
-	if ((err = snd_es1968_pcm(chip, 0)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_es1968_pcm(chip, 0);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
 
-	if ((err = snd_es1968_mixer(chip)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_es1968_mixer(chip);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -2855,13 +2869,13 @@ static int snd_es1968_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 		}
 	}
 	if (enable_mpu[dev]) {
-		if ((err = snd_mpu401_uart_new(card, 0, MPU401_HW_MPU401,
-					       chip->io_port + ESM_MPU401_PORT,
-					       MPU401_INFO_INTEGRATED |
-					       MPU401_INFO_IRQ_HOOK,
-					       -1, &chip->rmidi)) < 0) {
+		err = snd_mpu401_uart_new(card, 0, MPU401_HW_MPU401,
+					  chip->io_port + ESM_MPU401_PORT,
+					  MPU401_INFO_INTEGRATED |
+					  MPU401_INFO_IRQ_HOOK,
+					  -1, &chip->rmidi);
+		if (err < 0)
 			dev_warn(card->dev, "skipping MPU-401 MIDI support..\n");
-		}
 	}
 
 	snd_es1968_create_gameport(chip, dev);
@@ -2882,7 +2896,8 @@ static int snd_es1968_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	sprintf(card->longname, "%s at 0x%lx, irq %i",
 		card->shortname, chip->io_port, chip->irq);
 
-	if ((err = snd_card_register(card)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/pci/fm801.c b/sound/pci/fm801.c
index 6279eb156e36..ed9dae87145b 100644
--- a/sound/pci/fm801.c
+++ b/sound/pci/fm801.c
@@ -659,7 +659,8 @@ static int snd_fm801_playback_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 					   SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS,
 					   &hw_constraints_channels);
 	}
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_integer(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIODS)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_integer(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIODS);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -674,7 +675,8 @@ static int snd_fm801_capture_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 	runtime->hw = snd_fm801_capture;
 	snd_pcm_hw_constraint_list(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE,
 				   &hw_constraints_rates);
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_integer(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIODS)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_integer(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIODS);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -717,7 +719,8 @@ static int snd_fm801_pcm(struct fm801 *chip, int device)
 	struct snd_pcm *pcm;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_new(chip->card, "FM801", device, 1, 1, &pcm)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_new(chip->card, "FM801", device, 1, 1, &pcm);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, &snd_fm801_playback_ops);
@@ -985,7 +988,8 @@ static int snd_fm801_put_mux(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
 	struct fm801 *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
         unsigned short val;
  
-        if ((val = ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0]) > 4)
+	val = ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0];
+	if (val > 4)
                 return -EINVAL;
 	return snd_fm801_update_bits(chip, FM801_REC_SRC, 7, val);
 }
@@ -1050,19 +1054,22 @@ static int snd_fm801_mixer(struct fm801 *chip)
 		.read = snd_fm801_codec_read,
 	};
 
-	if ((err = snd_ac97_bus(chip->card, 0, &ops, chip, &chip->ac97_bus)) < 0)
+	err = snd_ac97_bus(chip->card, 0, &ops, chip, &chip->ac97_bus);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	chip->ac97_bus->private_free = snd_fm801_mixer_free_ac97_bus;
 
 	memset(&ac97, 0, sizeof(ac97));
 	ac97.private_data = chip;
 	ac97.private_free = snd_fm801_mixer_free_ac97;
-	if ((err = snd_ac97_mixer(chip->ac97_bus, &ac97, &chip->ac97)) < 0)
+	err = snd_ac97_mixer(chip->ac97_bus, &ac97, &chip->ac97);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	if (chip->secondary) {
 		ac97.num = 1;
 		ac97.addr = chip->secondary_addr;
-		if ((err = snd_ac97_mixer(chip->ac97_bus, &ac97, &chip->ac97_sec)) < 0)
+		err = snd_ac97_mixer(chip->ac97_bus, &ac97, &chip->ac97_sec);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 	for (i = 0; i < FM801_CONTROLS; i++) {
@@ -1213,7 +1220,8 @@ static int snd_fm801_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	};
 
 	*rchip = NULL;
-	if ((err = pcim_enable_device(pci)) < 0)
+	err = pcim_enable_device(pci);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	chip = devm_kzalloc(&pci->dev, sizeof(*chip), GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (chip == NULL)
@@ -1223,7 +1231,8 @@ static int snd_fm801_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	chip->dev = &pci->dev;
 	chip->irq = -1;
 	chip->tea575x_tuner = tea575x_tuner;
-	if ((err = pci_request_regions(pci, "FM801")) < 0)
+	err = pci_request_regions(pci, "FM801");
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	chip->port = pci_resource_start(pci, 0);
 
@@ -1254,7 +1263,8 @@ static int snd_fm801_create(struct snd_card *card,
 
 	snd_fm801_chip_init(chip);
 
-	if ((err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_fm801_free(chip);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -1327,7 +1337,8 @@ static int snd_card_fm801_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 			   0, &card);
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
-	if ((err = snd_fm801_create(card, pci, tea575x_tuner[dev], radio_nr[dev], &chip)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_fm801_create(card, pci, tea575x_tuner[dev], radio_nr[dev], &chip);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -1342,35 +1353,41 @@ static int snd_card_fm801_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	if (chip->tea575x_tuner & TUNER_ONLY)
 		goto __fm801_tuner_only;
 
-	if ((err = snd_fm801_pcm(chip, 0)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_fm801_pcm(chip, 0);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
-	if ((err = snd_fm801_mixer(chip)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_fm801_mixer(chip);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
-	if ((err = snd_mpu401_uart_new(card, 0, MPU401_HW_FM801,
-				       chip->port + FM801_MPU401_DATA,
-				       MPU401_INFO_INTEGRATED |
-				       MPU401_INFO_IRQ_HOOK,
-				       -1, &chip->rmidi)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_mpu401_uart_new(card, 0, MPU401_HW_FM801,
+				  chip->port + FM801_MPU401_DATA,
+				  MPU401_INFO_INTEGRATED |
+				  MPU401_INFO_IRQ_HOOK,
+				  -1, &chip->rmidi);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
-	if ((err = snd_opl3_create(card, chip->port + FM801_OPL3_BANK0,
-				   chip->port + FM801_OPL3_BANK1,
-				   OPL3_HW_OPL3_FM801, 1, &opl3)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_opl3_create(card, chip->port + FM801_OPL3_BANK0,
+			      chip->port + FM801_OPL3_BANK1,
+			      OPL3_HW_OPL3_FM801, 1, &opl3);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
-	if ((err = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, 1, NULL)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, 1, NULL);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
 
       __fm801_tuner_only:
-	if ((err = snd_card_register(card)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/hda_bind.c b/sound/pci/hda/hda_bind.c
index 17a25e453f60..e8dee24c309d 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/hda_bind.c
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/hda_bind.c
@@ -167,8 +167,11 @@ static void hda_codec_driver_shutdown(struct device *dev)
 {
 	struct hda_codec *codec = dev_to_hda_codec(dev);
 
-	if (!pm_runtime_suspended(dev) && codec->patch_ops.reboot_notify)
-		codec->patch_ops.reboot_notify(codec);
+	if (!pm_runtime_suspended(dev)) {
+		if (codec->patch_ops.reboot_notify)
+			codec->patch_ops.reboot_notify(codec);
+		snd_hda_codec_display_power(codec, false);
+	}
 }
 
 int __hda_codec_driver_register(struct hda_codec_driver *drv, const char *name,
diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/hda_codec.c b/sound/pci/hda/hda_codec.c
index 5462f771c2f9..7a717e151156 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/hda_codec.c
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/hda_codec.c
@@ -798,7 +798,7 @@ static unsigned int hda_set_power_state(struct hda_codec *codec,
 				unsigned int power_state);
 
 /* enable/disable display power per codec */
-static void codec_display_power(struct hda_codec *codec, bool enable)
+void snd_hda_codec_display_power(struct hda_codec *codec, bool enable)
 {
 	if (codec->display_power_control)
 		snd_hdac_display_power(&codec->bus->core, codec->addr, enable);
@@ -810,7 +810,7 @@ void snd_hda_codec_register(struct hda_codec *codec)
 	if (codec->registered)
 		return;
 	if (device_is_registered(hda_codec_dev(codec))) {
-		codec_display_power(codec, true);
+		snd_hda_codec_display_power(codec, true);
 		pm_runtime_enable(hda_codec_dev(codec));
 		/* it was powered up in snd_hda_codec_new(), now all done */
 		snd_hda_power_down(codec);
@@ -836,7 +836,7 @@ static int snd_hda_codec_dev_free(struct snd_device *device)
 	 */
 	if (codec->core.type == HDA_DEV_LEGACY)
 		snd_hdac_device_unregister(&codec->core);
-	codec_display_power(codec, false);
+	snd_hda_codec_display_power(codec, false);
 
 	/*
 	 * In the case of ASoC HD-audio bus, the device refcount is released in
@@ -2893,7 +2893,7 @@ static int hda_codec_runtime_suspend(struct device *dev)
 	    (codec_has_clkstop(codec) && codec_has_epss(codec) &&
 	     (state & AC_PWRST_CLK_STOP_OK)))
 		snd_hdac_codec_link_down(&codec->core);
-	codec_display_power(codec, false);
+	snd_hda_codec_display_power(codec, false);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -2905,7 +2905,7 @@ static int hda_codec_runtime_resume(struct device *dev)
 	if (!codec->card)
 		return 0;
 
-	codec_display_power(codec, true);
+	snd_hda_codec_display_power(codec, true);
 	snd_hdac_codec_link_up(&codec->core);
 	hda_call_codec_resume(codec);
 	pm_runtime_mark_last_busy(dev);
diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/hda_generic.c b/sound/pci/hda/hda_generic.c
index 1f8018f9ce57..e97d00585e8e 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/hda_generic.c
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/hda_generic.c
@@ -1433,7 +1433,7 @@ static int try_assign_dacs(struct hda_codec *codec, int num_outs,
 			path = snd_hda_add_new_path(codec, dac, pin, 0);
 		}
 		if (!path) {
-			dac = dacs[i] = 0;
+			dacs[i] = 0;
 			badness += bad->no_dac;
 		} else {
 			/* print_nid_path(codec, "output", path); */
diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/hda_intel.c b/sound/pci/hda/hda_intel.c
index 470753b36c8a..0322b289505e 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/hda_intel.c
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/hda_intel.c
@@ -883,6 +883,14 @@ static unsigned int azx_get_pos_skl(struct azx *chip, struct azx_dev *azx_dev)
 	return azx_get_pos_posbuf(chip, azx_dev);
 }
 
+static void azx_shutdown_chip(struct azx *chip)
+{
+	azx_stop_chip(chip);
+	azx_enter_link_reset(chip);
+	azx_clear_irq_pending(chip);
+	display_power(chip, false);
+}
+
 #ifdef CONFIG_PM
 static DEFINE_MUTEX(card_list_lock);
 static LIST_HEAD(card_list);
@@ -942,14 +950,6 @@ static bool azx_is_pm_ready(struct snd_card *card)
 	return true;
 }
 
-static void __azx_runtime_suspend(struct azx *chip)
-{
-	azx_stop_chip(chip);
-	azx_enter_link_reset(chip);
-	azx_clear_irq_pending(chip);
-	display_power(chip, false);
-}
-
 static void __azx_runtime_resume(struct azx *chip)
 {
 	struct hda_intel *hda = container_of(chip, struct hda_intel, chip);
@@ -1028,7 +1028,7 @@ static int azx_suspend(struct device *dev)
 
 	chip = card->private_data;
 	bus = azx_bus(chip);
-	__azx_runtime_suspend(chip);
+	azx_shutdown_chip(chip);
 	if (bus->irq >= 0) {
 		free_irq(bus->irq, chip);
 		bus->irq = -1;
@@ -1107,7 +1107,7 @@ static int azx_runtime_suspend(struct device *dev)
 	/* enable controller wake up event */
 	azx_writew(chip, WAKEEN, azx_readw(chip, WAKEEN) | STATESTS_INT_MASK);
 
-	__azx_runtime_suspend(chip);
+	azx_shutdown_chip(chip);
 	trace_azx_runtime_suspend(chip);
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -2385,7 +2385,7 @@ static void azx_shutdown(struct pci_dev *pci)
 		return;
 	chip = card->private_data;
 	if (chip && chip->running)
-		azx_stop_chip(chip);
+		azx_shutdown_chip(chip);
 }
 
 /* PCI IDs */
diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/hda_local.h b/sound/pci/hda/hda_local.h
index 4c5589c10f1d..8d2503e8dad8 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/hda_local.h
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/hda_local.h
@@ -709,6 +709,8 @@ void snd_hdmi_write_eld_info(struct hdmi_eld *eld,
 #define SND_PRINT_CHANNEL_ALLOCATION_ADVISED_BUFSIZE 80
 void snd_print_channel_allocation(int spk_alloc, char *buf, int buflen);
 
+void snd_hda_codec_display_power(struct hda_codec *codec, bool enable);
+
 /*
  */
 #define codec_err(codec, fmt, args...) \
diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/hda_tegra.c b/sound/pci/hda/hda_tegra.c
index 6f2b743b9d75..ea700395bef4 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/hda_tegra.c
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/hda_tegra.c
@@ -235,11 +235,9 @@ static int hda_tegra_init_chip(struct azx *chip, struct platform_device *pdev)
 {
 	struct hda_tegra *hda = container_of(chip, struct hda_tegra, chip);
 	struct hdac_bus *bus = azx_bus(chip);
-	struct device *dev = hda->dev;
 	struct resource *res;
 
-	res = platform_get_resource(pdev, IORESOURCE_MEM, 0);
-	hda->regs = devm_ioremap_resource(dev, res);
+	hda->regs = devm_platform_get_and_ioremap_resource(pdev, 0, &res);
 	if (IS_ERR(hda->regs))
 		return PTR_ERR(hda->regs);
 
@@ -262,6 +260,9 @@ static int hda_tegra_first_init(struct azx *chip, struct platform_device *pdev)
 	const char *sname, *drv_name = "tegra-hda";
 	struct device_node *np = pdev->dev.of_node;
 
+	if (irq_id < 0)
+		return irq_id;
+
 	err = hda_tegra_init_chip(chip, pdev);
 	if (err)
 		return err;
diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/patch_ca0132.c b/sound/pci/hda/patch_ca0132.c
index 49b4fdd2feab..b66e7bdbf483 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/patch_ca0132.c
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/patch_ca0132.c
@@ -7598,7 +7598,7 @@ static void ca0132_alt_free_active_dma_channels(struct hda_codec *codec)
  */
 static void ca0132_alt_start_dsp_audio_streams(struct hda_codec *codec)
 {
-	const unsigned int dsp_dma_stream_ids[] = { 0x0c, 0x03, 0x04 };
+	static const unsigned int dsp_dma_stream_ids[] = { 0x0c, 0x03, 0x04 };
 	struct ca0132_spec *spec = codec->spec;
 	unsigned int i, tmp;
 
diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/patch_realtek.c b/sound/pci/hda/patch_realtek.c
index ab5113cccffa..7f015e56fd8a 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/patch_realtek.c
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/patch_realtek.c
@@ -385,6 +385,7 @@ static void alc_fill_eapd_coef(struct hda_codec *codec)
 		alc_update_coef_idx(codec, 0x67, 0xf000, 0x3000);
 		fallthrough;
 	case 0x10ec0215:
+	case 0x10ec0230:
 	case 0x10ec0233:
 	case 0x10ec0235:
 	case 0x10ec0236:
@@ -3153,6 +3154,7 @@ static void alc_disable_headset_jack_key(struct hda_codec *codec)
 		alc_update_coef_idx(codec, 0x49, 0x0045, 0x0);
 		alc_update_coef_idx(codec, 0x44, 0x0045 << 8, 0x0);
 		break;
+	case 0x10ec0230:
 	case 0x10ec0236:
 	case 0x10ec0256:
 		alc_write_coef_idx(codec, 0x48, 0x0);
@@ -3180,6 +3182,7 @@ static void alc_enable_headset_jack_key(struct hda_codec *codec)
 		alc_update_coef_idx(codec, 0x49, 0x007f, 0x0045);
 		alc_update_coef_idx(codec, 0x44, 0x007f << 8, 0x0045 << 8);
 		break;
+	case 0x10ec0230:
 	case 0x10ec0236:
 	case 0x10ec0256:
 		alc_write_coef_idx(codec, 0x48, 0xd011);
@@ -4744,6 +4747,7 @@ static void alc_headset_mode_unplugged(struct hda_codec *codec)
 	case 0x10ec0255:
 		alc_process_coef_fw(codec, coef0255);
 		break;
+	case 0x10ec0230:
 	case 0x10ec0236:
 	case 0x10ec0256:
 		alc_process_coef_fw(codec, coef0256);
@@ -4858,6 +4862,7 @@ static void alc_headset_mode_mic_in(struct hda_codec *codec, hda_nid_t hp_pin,
 		alc_process_coef_fw(codec, coef0255);
 		snd_hda_set_pin_ctl_cache(codec, mic_pin, PIN_VREF50);
 		break;
+	case 0x10ec0230:
 	case 0x10ec0236:
 	case 0x10ec0256:
 		alc_write_coef_idx(codec, 0x45, 0xc489);
@@ -5007,6 +5012,7 @@ static void alc_headset_mode_default(struct hda_codec *codec)
 	case 0x10ec0255:
 		alc_process_coef_fw(codec, coef0255);
 		break;
+	case 0x10ec0230:
 	case 0x10ec0236:
 	case 0x10ec0256:
 		alc_write_coef_idx(codec, 0x1b, 0x0e4b);
@@ -5105,6 +5111,7 @@ static void alc_headset_mode_ctia(struct hda_codec *codec)
 	case 0x10ec0255:
 		alc_process_coef_fw(codec, coef0255);
 		break;
+	case 0x10ec0230:
 	case 0x10ec0236:
 	case 0x10ec0256:
 		alc_process_coef_fw(codec, coef0256);
@@ -5218,6 +5225,7 @@ static void alc_headset_mode_omtp(struct hda_codec *codec)
 	case 0x10ec0255:
 		alc_process_coef_fw(codec, coef0255);
 		break;
+	case 0x10ec0230:
 	case 0x10ec0236:
 	case 0x10ec0256:
 		alc_process_coef_fw(codec, coef0256);
@@ -5318,6 +5326,7 @@ static void alc_determine_headset_type(struct hda_codec *codec)
 		val = alc_read_coef_idx(codec, 0x46);
 		is_ctia = (val & 0x0070) == 0x0070;
 		break;
+	case 0x10ec0230:
 	case 0x10ec0236:
 	case 0x10ec0256:
 		alc_write_coef_idx(codec, 0x1b, 0x0e4b);
@@ -5611,6 +5620,7 @@ static void alc255_set_default_jack_type(struct hda_codec *codec)
 	case 0x10ec0255:
 		alc_process_coef_fw(codec, alc255fw);
 		break;
+	case 0x10ec0230:
 	case 0x10ec0236:
 	case 0x10ec0256:
 		alc_process_coef_fw(codec, alc256fw);
@@ -6211,6 +6221,7 @@ static void alc_combo_jack_hp_jd_restart(struct hda_codec *codec)
 		alc_update_coef_idx(codec, 0x4a, 0x8000, 1 << 15); /* Reset HP JD */
 		alc_update_coef_idx(codec, 0x4a, 0x8000, 0 << 15);
 		break;
+	case 0x10ec0230:
 	case 0x10ec0235:
 	case 0x10ec0236:
 	case 0x10ec0255:
@@ -6343,6 +6354,24 @@ static void alc_fixup_no_int_mic(struct hda_codec *codec,
 	}
 }
 
+static void alc285_fixup_hp_spectre_x360(struct hda_codec *codec,
+					  const struct hda_fixup *fix, int action)
+{
+	static const hda_nid_t conn[] = { 0x02 };
+	static const struct hda_pintbl pincfgs[] = {
+		{ 0x14, 0x90170110 },  /* rear speaker */
+		{ }
+	};
+
+	switch (action) {
+	case HDA_FIXUP_ACT_PRE_PROBE:
+		snd_hda_apply_pincfgs(codec, pincfgs);
+		/* force front speaker to DAC1 */
+		snd_hda_override_conn_list(codec, 0x17, ARRAY_SIZE(conn), conn);
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
 /* for hda_fixup_thinkpad_acpi() */
 #include "thinkpad_helper.c"
 
@@ -7810,6 +7839,8 @@ static const struct hda_fixup alc269_fixups[] = {
 			{ 0x20, AC_VERB_SET_PROC_COEF, 0x4e4b },
 			{ }
 		},
+		.chained = true,
+		.chain_id = ALC289_FIXUP_ASUS_GA401,
 	},
 	[ALC285_FIXUP_HP_GPIO_LED] = {
 		.type = HDA_FIXUP_FUNC,
@@ -8127,13 +8158,8 @@ static const struct hda_fixup alc269_fixups[] = {
 		.chain_id = ALC269_FIXUP_HP_LINE1_MIC1_LED,
 	},
 	[ALC285_FIXUP_HP_SPECTRE_X360] = {
-		.type = HDA_FIXUP_PINS,
-		.v.pins = (const struct hda_pintbl[]) {
-			{ 0x14, 0x90170110 }, /* enable top speaker */
-			{}
-		},
-		.chained = true,
-		.chain_id = ALC285_FIXUP_SPEAKER2_TO_DAC1,
+		.type = HDA_FIXUP_FUNC,
+		.v.func = alc285_fixup_hp_spectre_x360,
 	},
 	[ALC287_FIXUP_IDEAPAD_BASS_SPK_AMP] = {
 		.type = HDA_FIXUP_FUNC,
@@ -8319,6 +8345,7 @@ static const struct snd_pci_quirk alc269_fixup_tbl[] = {
 	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x103c, 0x84da, "HP OMEN dc0019-ur", ALC295_FIXUP_HP_OMEN),
 	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x103c, 0x84e7, "HP Pavilion 15", ALC269_FIXUP_HP_MUTE_LED_MIC3),
 	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x103c, 0x8519, "HP Spectre x360 15-df0xxx", ALC285_FIXUP_HP_SPECTRE_X360),
+	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x103c, 0x861f, "HP Elite Dragonfly G1", ALC285_FIXUP_HP_GPIO_AMP_INIT),
 	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x103c, 0x869d, "HP", ALC236_FIXUP_HP_MUTE_LED),
 	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x103c, 0x86c7, "HP Envy AiO 32", ALC274_FIXUP_HP_ENVY_GPIO),
 	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x103c, 0x8716, "HP Elite Dragonfly G2 Notebook PC", ALC285_FIXUP_HP_GPIO_AMP_INIT),
@@ -8340,7 +8367,9 @@ static const struct snd_pci_quirk alc269_fixup_tbl[] = {
 	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x103c, 0x87f4, "HP", ALC287_FIXUP_HP_GPIO_LED),
 	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x103c, 0x87f5, "HP", ALC287_FIXUP_HP_GPIO_LED),
 	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x103c, 0x87f7, "HP Spectre x360 14", ALC245_FIXUP_HP_X360_AMP),
+	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x103c, 0x880d, "HP EliteBook 830 G8 Notebook PC", ALC285_FIXUP_HP_GPIO_LED),
 	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x103c, 0x8846, "HP EliteBook 850 G8 Notebook PC", ALC285_FIXUP_HP_GPIO_LED),
+	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x103c, 0x8847, "HP EliteBook x360 830 G8 Notebook PC", ALC285_FIXUP_HP_GPIO_LED),
 	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x103c, 0x884b, "HP EliteBook 840 Aero G8 Notebook PC", ALC285_FIXUP_HP_GPIO_LED),
 	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x103c, 0x884c, "HP EliteBook 840 G8 Notebook PC", ALC285_FIXUP_HP_GPIO_LED),
 	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x103c, 0x886d, "HP ZBook Fury 17.3 Inch G8 Mobile Workstation PC", ALC285_FIXUP_HP_GPIO_AMP_INIT),
@@ -8425,7 +8454,7 @@ static const struct snd_pci_quirk alc269_fixup_tbl[] = {
 	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1462, 0xb171, "Cubi N 8GL (MS-B171)", ALC283_FIXUP_HEADSET_MIC),
 	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x152d, 0x1082, "Quanta NL3", ALC269_FIXUP_LIFEBOOK),
 	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1558, 0x1323, "Clevo N130ZU", ALC293_FIXUP_SYSTEM76_MIC_NO_PRESENCE),
-	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1558, 0x1325, "System76 Darter Pro (darp5)", ALC293_FIXUP_SYSTEM76_MIC_NO_PRESENCE),
+	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1558, 0x1325, "Clevo N15[01][CW]U", ALC293_FIXUP_SYSTEM76_MIC_NO_PRESENCE),
 	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1558, 0x1401, "Clevo L140[CZ]U", ALC293_FIXUP_SYSTEM76_MIC_NO_PRESENCE),
 	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1558, 0x1403, "Clevo N140CU", ALC293_FIXUP_SYSTEM76_MIC_NO_PRESENCE),
 	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1558, 0x1404, "Clevo N150CU", ALC293_FIXUP_SYSTEM76_MIC_NO_PRESENCE),
@@ -8460,11 +8489,11 @@ static const struct snd_pci_quirk alc269_fixup_tbl[] = {
 	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1558, 0x8521, "Clevo NH77D[CD]", ALC293_FIXUP_SYSTEM76_MIC_NO_PRESENCE),
 	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1558, 0x8535, "Clevo NH50D[BE]", ALC293_FIXUP_SYSTEM76_MIC_NO_PRESENCE),
 	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1558, 0x8536, "Clevo NH79D[BE]", ALC293_FIXUP_SYSTEM76_MIC_NO_PRESENCE),
-	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1558, 0x8550, "System76 Gazelle (gaze14)", ALC293_FIXUP_SYSTEM76_MIC_NO_PRESENCE),
-	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1558, 0x8551, "System76 Gazelle (gaze14)", ALC293_FIXUP_SYSTEM76_MIC_NO_PRESENCE),
-	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1558, 0x8560, "System76 Gazelle (gaze14)", ALC269_FIXUP_HEADSET_MIC),
-	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1558, 0x8561, "System76 Gazelle (gaze14)", ALC269_FIXUP_HEADSET_MIC),
-	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1558, 0x8562, "Clevo NH[5|7][0-9]RZ[Q]", ALC269_FIXUP_DMIC),
+	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1558, 0x8550, "Clevo NH[57][0-9][ER][ACDH]Q", ALC293_FIXUP_SYSTEM76_MIC_NO_PRESENCE),
+	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1558, 0x8551, "Clevo NH[57][0-9][ER][ACDH]Q", ALC293_FIXUP_SYSTEM76_MIC_NO_PRESENCE),
+	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1558, 0x8560, "Clevo NH[57][0-9][ER][ACDH]Q", ALC269_FIXUP_HEADSET_MIC),
+	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1558, 0x8561, "Clevo NH[57][0-9][ER][ACDH]Q", ALC269_FIXUP_HEADSET_MIC),
+	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1558, 0x8562, "Clevo NH[57][0-9]RZ[Q]", ALC269_FIXUP_DMIC),
 	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1558, 0x8668, "Clevo NP50B[BE]", ALC293_FIXUP_SYSTEM76_MIC_NO_PRESENCE),
 	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1558, 0x8680, "Clevo NJ50LU", ALC293_FIXUP_SYSTEM76_MIC_NO_PRESENCE),
 	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1558, 0x8686, "Clevo NH50[CZ]U", ALC293_FIXUP_SYSTEM76_MIC_NO_PRESENCE),
@@ -8475,8 +8504,8 @@ static const struct snd_pci_quirk alc269_fixup_tbl[] = {
 	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1558, 0x9600, "Clevo N960K[PR]", ALC293_FIXUP_SYSTEM76_MIC_NO_PRESENCE),
 	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1558, 0x961d, "Clevo N960S[CDF]", ALC293_FIXUP_SYSTEM76_MIC_NO_PRESENCE),
 	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1558, 0x971d, "Clevo N970T[CDF]", ALC293_FIXUP_SYSTEM76_MIC_NO_PRESENCE),
-	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1558, 0xa500, "Clevo NL53RU", ALC293_FIXUP_SYSTEM76_MIC_NO_PRESENCE),
-	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1558, 0xa600, "Clevo NL5XNU", ALC293_FIXUP_SYSTEM76_MIC_NO_PRESENCE),
+	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1558, 0xa500, "Clevo NL5[03]RU", ALC293_FIXUP_SYSTEM76_MIC_NO_PRESENCE),
+	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1558, 0xa600, "Clevo NL50NU", ALC293_FIXUP_SYSTEM76_MIC_NO_PRESENCE),
 	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1558, 0xb018, "Clevo NP50D[BE]", ALC293_FIXUP_SYSTEM76_MIC_NO_PRESENCE),
 	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1558, 0xb019, "Clevo NH77D[BE]Q", ALC293_FIXUP_SYSTEM76_MIC_NO_PRESENCE),
 	SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1558, 0xb022, "Clevo NH77D[DC][QW]", ALC293_FIXUP_SYSTEM76_MIC_NO_PRESENCE),
@@ -9341,6 +9370,7 @@ static int patch_alc269(struct hda_codec *codec)
 		spec->shutup = alc256_shutup;
 		spec->init_hook = alc256_init;
 		break;
+	case 0x10ec0230:
 	case 0x10ec0236:
 	case 0x10ec0256:
 		spec->codec_variant = ALC269_TYPE_ALC256;
@@ -10632,6 +10662,7 @@ static const struct hda_device_id snd_hda_id_realtek[] = {
 	HDA_CODEC_ENTRY(0x10ec0221, "ALC221", patch_alc269),
 	HDA_CODEC_ENTRY(0x10ec0222, "ALC222", patch_alc269),
 	HDA_CODEC_ENTRY(0x10ec0225, "ALC225", patch_alc269),
+	HDA_CODEC_ENTRY(0x10ec0230, "ALC236", patch_alc269),
 	HDA_CODEC_ENTRY(0x10ec0231, "ALC231", patch_alc269),
 	HDA_CODEC_ENTRY(0x10ec0233, "ALC233", patch_alc269),
 	HDA_CODEC_ENTRY(0x10ec0234, "ALC234", patch_alc269),
diff --git a/sound/pci/ice1712/delta.c b/sound/pci/ice1712/delta.c
index 1d2a0287284b..08adf4dd1303 100644
--- a/sound/pci/ice1712/delta.c
+++ b/sound/pci/ice1712/delta.c
@@ -676,13 +676,15 @@ static int snd_ice1712_delta_init(struct snd_ice1712 *ice)
 	case ICE1712_SUBDEVICE_DELTA1010LT:
 	case ICE1712_SUBDEVICE_VX442:
 	case ICE1712_SUBDEVICE_DELTA66E:
-		if ((err = snd_i2c_bus_create(ice->card, "ICE1712 GPIO 1", NULL, &ice->i2c)) < 0) {
+		err = snd_i2c_bus_create(ice->card, "ICE1712 GPIO 1", NULL, &ice->i2c);
+		if (err < 0) {
 			dev_err(ice->card->dev, "unable to create I2C bus\n");
 			return err;
 		}
 		ice->i2c->private_data = ice;
 		ice->i2c->ops = &ap_cs8427_i2c_ops;
-		if ((err = snd_ice1712_init_cs8427(ice, CS8427_BASE_ADDR)) < 0)
+		err = snd_ice1712_init_cs8427(ice, CS8427_BASE_ADDR);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 		break;
 	case ICE1712_SUBDEVICE_DELTA1010:
diff --git a/sound/pci/ice1712/ews.c b/sound/pci/ice1712/ews.c
index 3794308313bf..8bb86b3c894e 100644
--- a/sound/pci/ice1712/ews.c
+++ b/sound/pci/ice1712/ews.c
@@ -442,7 +442,8 @@ static int snd_ice1712_ews_init(struct snd_ice1712 *ice)
 	ice->spec = spec;
 
 	/* create i2c */
-	if ((err = snd_i2c_bus_create(ice->card, "ICE1712 GPIO 1", NULL, &ice->i2c)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_i2c_bus_create(ice->card, "ICE1712 GPIO 1", NULL, &ice->i2c);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		dev_err(ice->card->dev, "unable to create I2C bus\n");
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -483,7 +484,8 @@ static int snd_ice1712_ews_init(struct snd_ice1712 *ice)
 		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 		/* Check if the front module is connected */
-		if ((err = snd_ice1712_ews88mt_chip_select(ice, 0x0f)) < 0)
+		err = snd_ice1712_ews88mt_chip_select(ice, 0x0f);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 		break;
 	case ICE1712_SUBDEVICE_EWS88D:
@@ -498,12 +500,14 @@ static int snd_ice1712_ews_init(struct snd_ice1712 *ice)
 	/* set up SPDIF interface */
 	switch (ice->eeprom.subvendor) {
 	case ICE1712_SUBDEVICE_EWX2496:
-		if ((err = snd_ice1712_init_cs8427(ice, CS8427_BASE_ADDR)) < 0)
+		err = snd_ice1712_init_cs8427(ice, CS8427_BASE_ADDR);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 		snd_cs8427_reg_write(ice->cs8427, CS8427_REG_RECVERRMASK, CS8427_UNLOCK | CS8427_CONF | CS8427_BIP | CS8427_PAR);
 		break;
 	case ICE1712_SUBDEVICE_DMX6FIRE:
-		if ((err = snd_ice1712_init_cs8427(ice, ICE1712_6FIRE_CS8427_ADDR)) < 0)
+		err = snd_ice1712_init_cs8427(ice, ICE1712_6FIRE_CS8427_ADDR);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 		snd_cs8427_reg_write(ice->cs8427, CS8427_REG_RECVERRMASK, CS8427_UNLOCK | CS8427_CONF | CS8427_BIP | CS8427_PAR);
 		break;
@@ -853,7 +857,8 @@ static int snd_ice1712_6fire_control_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct s
 	int invert = (kcontrol->private_value >> 8) & 1;
 	int data;
 	
-	if ((data = snd_ice1712_6fire_read_pca(ice, PCF9554_REG_OUTPUT)) < 0)
+	data = snd_ice1712_6fire_read_pca(ice, PCF9554_REG_OUTPUT);
+	if (data < 0)
 		return data;
 	data = (data >> shift) & 1;
 	if (invert)
@@ -869,7 +874,8 @@ static int snd_ice1712_6fire_control_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct s
 	int invert = (kcontrol->private_value >> 8) & 1;
 	int data, ndata;
 	
-	if ((data = snd_ice1712_6fire_read_pca(ice, PCF9554_REG_OUTPUT)) < 0)
+	data = snd_ice1712_6fire_read_pca(ice, PCF9554_REG_OUTPUT);
+	if (data < 0)
 		return data;
 	ndata = data & ~(1 << shift);
 	if (ucontrol->value.integer.value[0])
@@ -896,7 +902,8 @@ static int snd_ice1712_6fire_select_input_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, str
 	struct snd_ice1712 *ice = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
 	int data;
 	
-	if ((data = snd_ice1712_6fire_read_pca(ice, PCF9554_REG_OUTPUT)) < 0)
+	data = snd_ice1712_6fire_read_pca(ice, PCF9554_REG_OUTPUT);
+	if (data < 0)
 		return data;
 	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = data & 3;
 	return 0;
@@ -907,7 +914,8 @@ static int snd_ice1712_6fire_select_input_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, str
 	struct snd_ice1712 *ice = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
 	int data, ndata;
 	
-	if ((data = snd_ice1712_6fire_read_pca(ice, PCF9554_REG_OUTPUT)) < 0)
+	data = snd_ice1712_6fire_read_pca(ice, PCF9554_REG_OUTPUT);
+	if (data < 0)
 		return data;
 	ndata = data & ~3;
 	ndata |= (ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] & 3);
diff --git a/sound/pci/intel8x0.c b/sound/pci/intel8x0.c
index 5b124c4ad572..2d1bfbcba933 100644
--- a/sound/pci/intel8x0.c
+++ b/sound/pci/intel8x0.c
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ enum { \
 	ICH_REG_##name##_PICB	= base + 0x08,	/* word - position in current buffer */ \
 	ICH_REG_##name##_PIV	= base + 0x0a,	/* byte - prefetched index value */ \
 	ICH_REG_##name##_CR	= base + 0x0b,	/* byte - control register */ \
-};
+}
 
 /* busmaster blocks */
 DEFINE_REGSET(OFF, 0);		/* offset */
@@ -538,7 +538,8 @@ static unsigned short snd_intel8x0_codec_read(struct snd_ac97 *ac97,
 		res = 0xffff;
 	} else {
 		res = iagetword(chip, reg + ac97->num * 0x80);
-		if ((tmp = igetdword(chip, ICHREG(GLOB_STA))) & ICH_RCS) {
+		tmp = igetdword(chip, ICHREG(GLOB_STA));
+		if (tmp & ICH_RCS) {
 			/* reset RCS and preserve other R/WC bits */
 			iputdword(chip, ICHREG(GLOB_STA), tmp &
 				  ~(chip->codec_ready_bits | ICH_GSCI));
@@ -559,7 +560,8 @@ static void snd_intel8x0_codec_read_test(struct intel8x0 *chip,
 
 	if (snd_intel8x0_codec_semaphore(chip, codec) >= 0) {
 		iagetword(chip, codec * 0x80);
-		if ((tmp = igetdword(chip, ICHREG(GLOB_STA))) & ICH_RCS) {
+		tmp = igetdword(chip, ICHREG(GLOB_STA));
+		if (tmp & ICH_RCS) {
 			/* reset RCS and preserve other R/WC bits */
 			iputdword(chip, ICHREG(GLOB_STA), tmp &
 				  ~(chip->codec_ready_bits | ICH_GSCI));
@@ -1105,7 +1107,8 @@ static int snd_intel8x0_pcm_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, struct ich
 		runtime->hw.buffer_bytes_max = 64*1024;
 		runtime->hw.period_bytes_max = 64*1024;
 	}
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_integer(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIODS)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_integer(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIODS);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	runtime->private_data = ichdev;
 	return 0;
@@ -2190,7 +2193,8 @@ static int snd_intel8x0_mixer(struct intel8x0 *chip, int ac97_clock,
 			udelay(1);
 		}
 	}
-	if ((err = snd_ac97_bus(chip->card, 0, ops, chip, &pbus)) < 0)
+	err = snd_ac97_bus(chip->card, 0, ops, chip, &pbus);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto __err;
 	pbus->private_free = snd_intel8x0_mixer_free_ac97_bus;
 	if (ac97_clock >= 8000 && ac97_clock <= 48000)
@@ -2206,7 +2210,8 @@ static int snd_intel8x0_mixer(struct intel8x0 *chip, int ac97_clock,
 	ac97.pci = chip->pci;
 	for (i = 0; i < codecs; i++) {
 		ac97.num = i;
-		if ((err = snd_ac97_mixer(pbus, &ac97, &chip->ac97[i])) < 0) {
+		err = snd_ac97_mixer(pbus, &ac97, &chip->ac97[i]);
+		if (err < 0) {
 			if (err != -EACCES)
 				dev_err(chip->card->dev,
 					"Unable to initialize codec #%d\n", i);
@@ -2491,11 +2496,13 @@ static int snd_intel8x0_chip_init(struct intel8x0 *chip, int probing)
 	int err;
 	
 	if (chip->device_type != DEVICE_ALI) {
-		if ((err = snd_intel8x0_ich_chip_init(chip, probing)) < 0)
+		err = snd_intel8x0_ich_chip_init(chip, probing);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 		iagetword(chip, 0);	/* clear semaphore flag */
 	} else {
-		if ((err = snd_intel8x0_ali_chip_init(chip, probing)) < 0)
+		err = snd_intel8x0_ali_chip_init(chip, probing);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 
@@ -2918,7 +2925,8 @@ static int snd_intel8x0_create(struct snd_card *card,
 
 	*r_intel8x0 = NULL;
 
-	if ((err = pci_enable_device(pci)) < 0)
+	err = pci_enable_device(pci);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	chip = kzalloc(sizeof(*chip), GFP_KERNEL);
@@ -2950,7 +2958,8 @@ static int snd_intel8x0_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	    pci->device == PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_440MX)
 		chip->fix_nocache = 1; /* enable workaround */
 
-	if ((err = pci_request_regions(pci, card->shortname)) < 0) {
+	err = pci_request_regions(pci, card->shortname);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		kfree(chip);
 		pci_disable_device(pci);
 		return err;
@@ -3064,7 +3073,8 @@ static int snd_intel8x0_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	for (i = 0; i < chip->max_codecs; i++)
 		chip->codec_isr_bits |= chip->codec_bit[i];
 
-	if ((err = snd_intel8x0_chip_init(chip, 1)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_intel8x0_chip_init(chip, 1);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_intel8x0_free(chip);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -3079,7 +3089,8 @@ static int snd_intel8x0_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	chip->irq = pci->irq;
 	card->sync_irq = chip->irq;
 
-	if ((err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_intel8x0_free(chip);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -3186,18 +3197,20 @@ static int snd_intel8x0_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 			buggy_irq = 0;
 	}
 
-	if ((err = snd_intel8x0_create(card, pci, pci_id->driver_data,
-				       &chip)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_intel8x0_create(card, pci, pci_id->driver_data, &chip);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
 	card->private_data = chip;
 
-	if ((err = snd_intel8x0_mixer(chip, ac97_clock, ac97_quirk)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_intel8x0_mixer(chip, ac97_clock, ac97_quirk);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
-	if ((err = snd_intel8x0_pcm(chip)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_intel8x0_pcm(chip);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -3217,7 +3230,8 @@ static int snd_intel8x0_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 		}
 	}
 
-	if ((err = snd_card_register(card)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/pci/intel8x0m.c b/sound/pci/intel8x0m.c
index 13ef838b26c1..b96fce6cbd83 100644
--- a/sound/pci/intel8x0m.c
+++ b/sound/pci/intel8x0m.c
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ enum { \
 	ICH_REG_##name##_PICB	= base + 0x08,	/* word - position in current buffer */ \
 	ICH_REG_##name##_PIV	= base + 0x0a,	/* byte - prefetched index value */ \
 	ICH_REG_##name##_CR	= base + 0x0b,	/* byte - control register */ \
-};
+}
 
 /* busmaster blocks */
 DEFINE_REGSET(OFF, 0);		/* offset */
@@ -342,7 +342,8 @@ static unsigned short snd_intel8x0m_codec_read(struct snd_ac97 *ac97,
 		res = 0xffff;
 	} else {
 		res = iagetword(chip, reg + ac97->num * 0x80);
-		if ((tmp = igetdword(chip, ICHREG(GLOB_STA))) & ICH_RCS) {
+		tmp = igetdword(chip, ICHREG(GLOB_STA));
+		if (tmp & ICH_RCS) {
 			/* reset RCS and preserve other R/WC bits */
 			iputdword(chip, ICHREG(GLOB_STA),
 				  tmp & ~(ICH_SRI|ICH_PRI|ICH_TRI|ICH_GSCI));
@@ -800,7 +801,8 @@ static int snd_intel8x0m_mixer(struct intel8x0m *chip, int ac97_clock)
 
 	glob_sta = igetdword(chip, ICHREG(GLOB_STA));
 
-	if ((err = snd_ac97_bus(chip->card, 0, &ops, chip, &pbus)) < 0)
+	err = snd_ac97_bus(chip->card, 0, &ops, chip, &pbus);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto __err;
 	pbus->private_free = snd_intel8x0m_mixer_free_ac97_bus;
 	if (ac97_clock >= 8000 && ac97_clock <= 48000)
@@ -809,7 +811,8 @@ static int snd_intel8x0m_mixer(struct intel8x0m *chip, int ac97_clock)
 
 	ac97.pci = chip->pci;
 	ac97.num = glob_sta & ICH_SCR ? 1 : 0;
-	if ((err = snd_ac97_mixer(pbus, &ac97, &x97)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_ac97_mixer(pbus, &ac97, &x97);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		dev_err(chip->card->dev,
 			"Unable to initialize codec #%d\n", ac97.num);
 		if (ac97.num == 0)
@@ -927,7 +930,8 @@ static int snd_intel8x0m_chip_init(struct intel8x0m *chip, int probing)
 	unsigned int i;
 	int err;
 	
-	if ((err = snd_intel8x0m_ich_chip_init(chip, probing)) < 0)
+	err = snd_intel8x0m_ich_chip_init(chip, probing);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	iagetword(chip, 0);	/* clear semaphore flag */
 
@@ -1075,7 +1079,8 @@ static int snd_intel8x0m_create(struct snd_card *card,
 
 	*r_intel8x0m = NULL;
 
-	if ((err = pci_enable_device(pci)) < 0)
+	err = pci_enable_device(pci);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	chip = kzalloc(sizeof(*chip), GFP_KERNEL);
@@ -1089,7 +1094,8 @@ static int snd_intel8x0m_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	chip->pci = pci;
 	chip->irq = -1;
 
-	if ((err = pci_request_regions(pci, card->shortname)) < 0) {
+	err = pci_request_regions(pci, card->shortname);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		kfree(chip);
 		pci_disable_device(pci);
 		return err;
@@ -1167,7 +1173,8 @@ port_inited:
 
 	pci_set_master(pci);
 
-	if ((err = snd_intel8x0m_chip_init(chip, 1)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_intel8x0m_chip_init(chip, 1);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_intel8x0m_free(chip);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -1181,7 +1188,8 @@ port_inited:
 	chip->irq = pci->irq;
 	card->sync_irq = chip->irq;
 
-	if ((err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_intel8x0m_free(chip);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -1238,17 +1246,20 @@ static int snd_intel8x0m_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	}
 	strcat(card->shortname," Modem");
 
-	if ((err = snd_intel8x0m_create(card, pci, pci_id->driver_data, &chip)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_intel8x0m_create(card, pci, pci_id->driver_data, &chip);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
 	card->private_data = chip;
 
-	if ((err = snd_intel8x0m_mixer(chip, ac97_clock)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_intel8x0m_mixer(chip, ac97_clock);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
-	if ((err = snd_intel8x0m_pcm(chip)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_intel8x0m_pcm(chip);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -1258,7 +1269,8 @@ static int snd_intel8x0m_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	sprintf(card->longname, "%s at irq %i",
 		card->shortname, chip->irq);
 
-	if ((err = snd_card_register(card)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/pci/korg1212/korg1212.c b/sound/pci/korg1212/korg1212.c
index 80ac3c6152ad..030e01b062e4 100644
--- a/sound/pci/korg1212/korg1212.c
+++ b/sound/pci/korg1212/korg1212.c
@@ -1527,7 +1527,8 @@ static int snd_korg1212_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
 	        return 0;
 	}
 
-        if ((err = snd_korg1212_SetRate(korg1212, params_rate(params))) < 0) {
+	err = snd_korg1212_SetRate(korg1212, params_rate(params));
+	if (err < 0) {
                 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&korg1212->lock, flags);
                 return err;
         }
@@ -2159,7 +2160,8 @@ static int snd_korg1212_create(struct snd_card *card, struct pci_dev *pci,
         };
 
         * rchip = NULL;
-        if ((err = pci_enable_device(pci)) < 0)
+	err = pci_enable_device(pci);
+	if (err < 0)
                 return err;
 
         korg1212 = kzalloc(sizeof(*korg1212), GFP_KERNEL);
@@ -2196,7 +2198,8 @@ static int snd_korg1212_create(struct snd_card *card, struct pci_dev *pci,
         for (i=0; i<kAudioChannels; i++)
                 korg1212->volumePhase[i] = 0;
 
-	if ((err = pci_request_regions(pci, "korg1212")) < 0) {
+	err = pci_request_regions(pci, "korg1212");
+	if (err < 0) {
 		kfree(korg1212);
 		pci_disable_device(pci);
 		return err;
@@ -2220,7 +2223,8 @@ static int snd_korg1212_create(struct snd_card *card, struct pci_dev *pci,
 		   korg1212->iomem2, iomem2_size,
 		   stateName[korg1212->cardState]);
 
-        if ((korg1212->iobase = ioremap(korg1212->iomem, iomem_size)) == NULL) {
+	korg1212->iobase = ioremap(korg1212->iomem, iomem_size);
+	if (!korg1212->iobase) {
 		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "korg1212: unable to remap memory region 0x%lx-0x%lx\n", korg1212->iomem,
                            korg1212->iomem + iomem_size - 1);
                 snd_korg1212_free(korg1212);
@@ -2360,7 +2364,8 @@ static int snd_korg1212_create(struct snd_card *card, struct pci_dev *pci,
 	if (rc)
 		K1212_DEBUG_PRINTK("K1212_DEBUG: Reboot Card - RC = %d [%s]\n", rc, stateName[korg1212->cardState]);
 
-        if ((err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, korg1212, &ops)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, korg1212, &ops);
+	if (err < 0) {
                 snd_korg1212_free(korg1212);
                 return err;
         }
@@ -2385,7 +2390,8 @@ static int snd_korg1212_create(struct snd_card *card, struct pci_dev *pci,
                korg1212->RoutingTablePhy, LowerWordSwap(korg1212->RoutingTablePhy),
                korg1212->AdatTimeCodePhy, LowerWordSwap(korg1212->AdatTimeCodePhy));
 
-        if ((err = snd_pcm_new(korg1212->card, "korg1212", 0, 1, 1, &korg1212->pcm)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_new(korg1212->card, "korg1212", 0, 1, 1, &korg1212->pcm);
+	if (err < 0)
                 return err;
 
 	korg1212->pcm->private_data = korg1212;
@@ -2436,7 +2442,8 @@ snd_korg1212_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
-        if ((err = snd_korg1212_create(card, pci, &korg1212)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_korg1212_create(card, pci, &korg1212);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -2448,7 +2455,8 @@ snd_korg1212_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 
         K1212_DEBUG_PRINTK("K1212_DEBUG: %s\n", card->longname);
 
-	if ((err = snd_card_register(card)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/pci/lx6464es/lx_core.c b/sound/pci/lx6464es/lx_core.c
index f884f5a6a61c..d3f58a3d17fb 100644
--- a/sound/pci/lx6464es/lx_core.c
+++ b/sound/pci/lx6464es/lx_core.c
@@ -674,10 +674,6 @@ int lx_stream_set_format(struct lx6464es *chip, struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime,
 	u32 pipe_cmd = PIPE_INFO_TO_CMD(is_capture, pipe);
 	u32 channels = runtime->channels;
 
-	if (runtime->channels != channels)
-		dev_err(chip->card->dev, "channel count mismatch: %d vs %d",
-			   runtime->channels, channels);
-
 	mutex_lock(&chip->msg_lock);
 	lx_message_init(&chip->rmh, CMD_0C_DEF_STREAM);
 
diff --git a/sound/pci/maestro3.c b/sound/pci/maestro3.c
index cdc4b6106252..77a484bc8c0d 100644
--- a/sound/pci/maestro3.c
+++ b/sound/pci/maestro3.c
@@ -1765,7 +1765,8 @@ snd_m3_playback_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *subs)
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = subs->runtime;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_m3_substream_open(chip, subs)) < 0)
+	err = snd_m3_substream_open(chip, subs);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	runtime->hw = snd_m3_playback;
@@ -1789,7 +1790,8 @@ snd_m3_capture_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *subs)
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = subs->runtime;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_m3_substream_open(chip, subs)) < 0)
+	err = snd_m3_substream_open(chip, subs);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	runtime->hw = snd_m3_capture;
@@ -2036,12 +2038,14 @@ static int snd_m3_mixer(struct snd_m3 *chip)
 		.read = snd_m3_ac97_read,
 	};
 
-	if ((err = snd_ac97_bus(chip->card, 0, &ops, NULL, &pbus)) < 0)
+	err = snd_ac97_bus(chip->card, 0, &ops, NULL, &pbus);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	
 	memset(&ac97, 0, sizeof(ac97));
 	ac97.private_data = chip;
-	if ((err = snd_ac97_mixer(pbus, &ac97, &chip->ac97)) < 0)
+	err = snd_ac97_mixer(pbus, &ac97, &chip->ac97);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	/* seems ac97 PCM needs initialization.. hack hack.. */
@@ -2642,16 +2646,19 @@ snd_m3_create(struct snd_card *card, struct pci_dev *pci,
 	if (err < 0)
 		goto free_chip;
 
-	if ((err = snd_m3_mixer(chip)) < 0)
+	err = snd_m3_mixer(chip);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < chip->num_substreams; i++) {
 		struct m3_dma *s = &chip->substreams[i];
-		if ((err = snd_m3_assp_client_init(chip, s, i)) < 0)
+		err = snd_m3_assp_client_init(chip, s, i);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 
-	if ((err = snd_m3_pcm(chip, 0)) < 0)
+	err = snd_m3_pcm(chip, 0);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_SND_MAESTRO3_INPUT
diff --git a/sound/pci/mixart/mixart.c b/sound/pci/mixart/mixart.c
index a0bbb386dc25..1b078b789604 100644
--- a/sound/pci/mixart/mixart.c
+++ b/sound/pci/mixart/mixart.c
@@ -954,9 +954,10 @@ static int snd_mixart_pcm_analog(struct snd_mixart *chip)
 	char name[32];
 
 	sprintf(name, "miXart analog %d", chip->chip_idx);
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_new(chip->card, name, MIXART_PCM_ANALOG,
-			       MIXART_PLAYBACK_STREAMS,
-			       MIXART_CAPTURE_STREAMS, &pcm)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_pcm_new(chip->card, name, MIXART_PCM_ANALOG,
+			  MIXART_PLAYBACK_STREAMS,
+			  MIXART_CAPTURE_STREAMS, &pcm);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		dev_err(chip->card->dev,
 			"cannot create the analog pcm %d\n", chip->chip_idx);
 		return err;
@@ -987,9 +988,10 @@ static int snd_mixart_pcm_digital(struct snd_mixart *chip)
 	char name[32];
 
 	sprintf(name, "miXart AES/EBU %d", chip->chip_idx);
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_new(chip->card, name, MIXART_PCM_DIGITAL,
-			       MIXART_PLAYBACK_STREAMS,
-			       MIXART_CAPTURE_STREAMS, &pcm)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_pcm_new(chip->card, name, MIXART_PCM_DIGITAL,
+			  MIXART_PLAYBACK_STREAMS,
+			  MIXART_CAPTURE_STREAMS, &pcm);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		dev_err(chip->card->dev,
 			"cannot create the digital pcm %d\n", chip->chip_idx);
 		return err;
@@ -1042,7 +1044,8 @@ static int snd_mixart_create(struct mixart_mgr *mgr, struct snd_card *card, int
 	chip->mgr = mgr;
 	card->sync_irq = mgr->irq;
 
-	if ((err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_mixart_chip_free(chip);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -1243,7 +1246,8 @@ static int snd_mixart_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	}
 
 	/* enable PCI device */
-	if ((err = pci_enable_device(pci)) < 0)
+	err = pci_enable_device(pci);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	pci_set_master(pci);
 
@@ -1267,7 +1271,8 @@ static int snd_mixart_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	mgr->irq = -1;
 
 	/* resource assignment */
-	if ((err = pci_request_regions(pci, CARD_NAME)) < 0) {
+	err = pci_request_regions(pci, CARD_NAME);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		kfree(mgr);
 		pci_disable_device(pci);
 		return err;
@@ -1332,7 +1337,8 @@ static int snd_mixart_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 			"Digigram miXart at 0x%lx & 0x%lx, irq %i [PCM #%d]",
 			mgr->mem[0].phys, mgr->mem[1].phys, mgr->irq, i);
 
-		if ((err = snd_mixart_create(mgr, card, i)) < 0) {
+		err = snd_mixart_create(mgr, card, i);
+		if (err < 0) {
 			snd_card_free(card);
 			snd_mixart_free(mgr);
 			return err;
@@ -1343,7 +1349,8 @@ static int snd_mixart_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 			snd_mixart_proc_init(mgr->chip[i]);
 		}
 
-		if ((err = snd_card_register(card)) < 0) {
+		err = snd_card_register(card);
+		if (err < 0) {
 			snd_mixart_free(mgr);
 			return err;
 		}
diff --git a/sound/pci/mixart/mixart_hwdep.c b/sound/pci/mixart/mixart_hwdep.c
index f579f7698bba..689c0f995a9c 100644
--- a/sound/pci/mixart/mixart_hwdep.c
+++ b/sound/pci/mixart/mixart_hwdep.c
@@ -306,9 +306,13 @@ static int mixart_first_init(struct mixart_mgr *mgr)
 	int err;
 	struct mixart_msg request;
 
-	if((err = mixart_enum_connectors(mgr)) < 0) return err;
+	err = mixart_enum_connectors(mgr);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
 
-	if((err = mixart_enum_physio(mgr)) < 0) return err;
+	err = mixart_enum_physio(mgr);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
 
 	/* send a synchro command to card (necessary to do this before first MSG_STREAM_START_STREAM_GRP_PACKET) */
 	/* though why not here */
@@ -528,15 +532,18 @@ static int mixart_dsp_load(struct mixart_mgr* mgr, int index, const struct firmw
         for (card_index = 0; card_index < mgr->num_cards; card_index++) {
 		struct snd_mixart *chip = mgr->chip[card_index];
 
-		if ((err = snd_mixart_create_pcm(chip)) < 0)
+		err = snd_mixart_create_pcm(chip);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 
 		if (card_index == 0) {
-			if ((err = snd_mixart_create_mixer(chip->mgr)) < 0)
+			err = snd_mixart_create_mixer(chip->mgr);
+			if (err < 0)
 	        		return err;
 		}
 
-		if ((err = snd_card_register(chip->card)) < 0)
+		err = snd_card_register(chip->card);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 
diff --git a/sound/pci/mixart/mixart_mixer.c b/sound/pci/mixart/mixart_mixer.c
index d2e7c3381267..2727f3345795 100644
--- a/sound/pci/mixart/mixart_mixer.c
+++ b/sound/pci/mixart/mixart_mixer.c
@@ -1114,10 +1114,12 @@ int snd_mixart_create_mixer(struct mixart_mgr *mgr)
 		temp = mixart_control_analog_level;
 		temp.name = "Master Playback Volume";
 		temp.private_value = 0; /* playback */
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&temp, chip))) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&temp, chip));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 		/* output mute controls */
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&mixart_control_output_switch, chip))) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&mixart_control_output_switch, chip));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 
 		/* analog input level control only on first two chips !*/
@@ -1125,7 +1127,8 @@ int snd_mixart_create_mixer(struct mixart_mgr *mgr)
 			temp = mixart_control_analog_level;
 			temp.name = "Master Capture Volume";
 			temp.private_value = 1; /* capture */
-			if ((err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&temp, chip))) < 0)
+			err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&temp, chip));
+			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
 		}
 
@@ -1133,45 +1136,53 @@ int snd_mixart_create_mixer(struct mixart_mgr *mgr)
 		temp.name = "PCM Playback Volume";
 		temp.count = MIXART_PLAYBACK_STREAMS;
 		temp.private_value = 0; /* playback analog */
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&temp, chip))) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&temp, chip));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 
 		temp.name = "PCM Capture Volume";
 		temp.count = 1;
 		temp.private_value = MIXART_VOL_REC_MASK; /* capture analog */
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&temp, chip))) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&temp, chip));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 
 		if(mgr->board_type == MIXART_DAUGHTER_TYPE_AES) {
 			temp.name = "AES Playback Volume";
 			temp.count = MIXART_PLAYBACK_STREAMS;
 			temp.private_value = MIXART_VOL_AES_MASK; /* playback AES/EBU */
-			if ((err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&temp, chip))) < 0)
+			err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&temp, chip));
+			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
 
 			temp.name = "AES Capture Volume";
 			temp.count = 0;
 			temp.private_value = MIXART_VOL_REC_MASK | MIXART_VOL_AES_MASK; /* capture AES/EBU */
-			if ((err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&temp, chip))) < 0)
+			err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&temp, chip));
+			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
 		}
 		temp = mixart_control_pcm_switch;
 		temp.name = "PCM Playback Switch";
 		temp.private_value = 0; /* playback analog */
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&temp, chip))) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&temp, chip));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 
 		if(mgr->board_type == MIXART_DAUGHTER_TYPE_AES) {
 			temp.name = "AES Playback Switch";
 			temp.private_value = MIXART_VOL_AES_MASK; /* playback AES/EBU */
-			if ((err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&temp, chip))) < 0)
+			err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&temp, chip));
+			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
 		}
 
 		/* monitoring */
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&mixart_control_monitor_vol, chip))) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&mixart_control_monitor_vol, chip));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&mixart_control_monitor_sw, chip))) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&mixart_control_monitor_sw, chip));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 
 		/* init all mixer data and program the master volumes/switches */
diff --git a/sound/pci/nm256/nm256.c b/sound/pci/nm256/nm256.c
index 6cb689aa28c2..12d02d7d3b51 100644
--- a/sound/pci/nm256/nm256.c
+++ b/sound/pci/nm256/nm256.c
@@ -1318,7 +1318,8 @@ snd_nm256_mixer(struct nm256 *chip)
 	if (! chip->ac97_regs)
 		return -ENOMEM;
 
-	if ((err = snd_ac97_bus(chip->card, 0, &ops, NULL, &pbus)) < 0)
+	err = snd_ac97_bus(chip->card, 0, &ops, NULL, &pbus);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	memset(&ac97, 0, sizeof(ac97));
@@ -1476,7 +1477,8 @@ snd_nm256_create(struct snd_card *card, struct pci_dev *pci,
 
 	*chip_ret = NULL;
 
-	if ((err = pci_enable_device(pci)) < 0)
+	err = pci_enable_device(pci);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	chip = kzalloc(sizeof(*chip), GFP_KERNEL);
@@ -1568,7 +1570,8 @@ snd_nm256_create(struct snd_card *card, struct pci_dev *pci,
 		chip->buffer_end = buffer_top;
 	else {
 		/* get buffer end pointer from signature */
-		if ((err = snd_nm256_peek_for_sig(chip)) < 0)
+		err = snd_nm256_peek_for_sig(chip);
+		if (err < 0)
 			goto __error;
 	}
 
@@ -1618,7 +1621,8 @@ snd_nm256_create(struct snd_card *card, struct pci_dev *pci,
 
 	// pci_set_master(pci); /* needed? */
 	
-	if ((err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops)) < 0)
+	err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto __error;
 
 	*chip_ret = chip;
@@ -1700,7 +1704,8 @@ static int snd_nm256_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 		capture_bufsize = 4;
 	if (capture_bufsize > 128)
 		capture_bufsize = 128;
-	if ((err = snd_nm256_create(card, pci, &chip)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_nm256_create(card, pci, &chip);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -1716,8 +1721,13 @@ static int snd_nm256_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 		chip->reset_workaround_2 = 1;
 	}
 
-	if ((err = snd_nm256_pcm(chip, 0)) < 0 ||
-	    (err = snd_nm256_mixer(chip)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_nm256_pcm(chip, 0);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		snd_card_free(card);
+		return err;
+	}
+	err = snd_nm256_mixer(chip);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -1727,7 +1737,8 @@ static int snd_nm256_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 		card->shortname,
 		chip->buffer_addr, chip->cport_addr, chip->irq);
 
-	if ((err = snd_card_register(card)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/pci/pcxhr/pcxhr.c b/sound/pci/pcxhr/pcxhr.c
index 751f9744b089..96b9371c201a 100644
--- a/sound/pci/pcxhr/pcxhr.c
+++ b/sound/pci/pcxhr/pcxhr.c
@@ -1134,9 +1134,10 @@ int pcxhr_create_pcm(struct snd_pcxhr *chip)
 	char name[32];
 
 	snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "pcxhr %d", chip->chip_idx);
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_new(chip->card, name, 0,
-			       chip->nb_streams_play,
-			       chip->nb_streams_capt, &pcm)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_pcm_new(chip->card, name, 0,
+			  chip->nb_streams_play,
+			  chip->nb_streams_capt, &pcm);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		dev_err(chip->card->dev, "cannot create pcm %s\n", name);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -1202,7 +1203,8 @@ static int pcxhr_create(struct pcxhr_mgr *mgr,
 			chip->nb_streams_capt = 1;	/* or 1 stereo stream */
 	}
 
-	if ((err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		pcxhr_chip_free(chip);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -1492,7 +1494,8 @@ static int pcxhr_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	}
 
 	/* enable PCI device */
-	if ((err = pci_enable_device(pci)) < 0)
+	err = pci_enable_device(pci);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	pci_set_master(pci);
 
@@ -1537,7 +1540,8 @@ static int pcxhr_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 		mgr->granularity = PCXHR_GRANULARITY;
 
 	/* resource assignment */
-	if ((err = pci_request_regions(pci, card_name)) < 0) {
+	err = pci_request_regions(pci, card_name);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		kfree(mgr);
 		pci_disable_device(pci);
 		return err;
@@ -1608,7 +1612,8 @@ static int pcxhr_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 		snprintf(card->longname, sizeof(card->longname),
 			 "%s [PCM #%d]", mgr->name, i);
 
-		if ((err = pcxhr_create(mgr, card, i)) < 0) {
+		err = pcxhr_create(mgr, card, i);
+		if (err < 0) {
 			snd_card_free(card);
 			pcxhr_free(mgr);
 			return err;
@@ -1618,7 +1623,8 @@ static int pcxhr_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 			/* init proc interface only for chip0 */
 			pcxhr_proc_init(mgr->chip[i]);
 
-		if ((err = snd_card_register(card)) < 0) {
+		err = snd_card_register(card);
+		if (err < 0) {
 			pcxhr_free(mgr);
 			return err;
 		}
diff --git a/sound/pci/pcxhr/pcxhr_hwdep.c b/sound/pci/pcxhr/pcxhr_hwdep.c
index 2258bd698844..249805065f61 100644
--- a/sound/pci/pcxhr/pcxhr_hwdep.c
+++ b/sound/pci/pcxhr/pcxhr_hwdep.c
@@ -322,14 +322,17 @@ static int pcxhr_dsp_load(struct pcxhr_mgr *mgr, int index,
         for (card_index = 0; card_index < mgr->num_cards; card_index++) {
 		struct snd_pcxhr *chip = mgr->chip[card_index];
 
-		if ((err = pcxhr_create_pcm(chip)) < 0)
+		err = pcxhr_create_pcm(chip);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 
 		if (card_index == 0) {
-			if ((err = pcxhr_create_mixer(chip->mgr)) < 0)
+			err = pcxhr_create_mixer(chip->mgr);
+			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
 		}
-		if ((err = snd_card_register(chip->card)) < 0)
+		err = snd_card_register(chip->card);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 	err = pcxhr_start_pipes(mgr);
diff --git a/sound/pci/riptide/riptide.c b/sound/pci/riptide/riptide.c
index 56827db97239..709a1a2cde20 100644
--- a/sound/pci/riptide/riptide.c
+++ b/sound/pci/riptide/riptide.c
@@ -1087,9 +1087,15 @@ static irqreturn_t riptide_handleirq(int irq, void *dev_id)
 		substream[i] = chip->playback_substream[i];
 	substream[i] = chip->capture_substream;
 	for (i = 0; i < PLAYBACK_SUBSTREAMS + 1; i++) {
-		if (substream[i] &&
-		    (runtime = substream[i]->runtime) &&
-		    (data = runtime->private_data) && data->state != ST_STOP) {
+		if (!substream[i])
+			continue;
+		runtime = substream[i]->runtime;
+		if (!runtime)
+			continue;
+		data = runtime->private_data;
+		if (!data)
+			continue;
+		if (data->state != ST_STOP) {
 			pos = 0;
 			for (j = 0; j < data->pages; j++) {
 				c = &data->sgdbuf[j];
@@ -1549,10 +1555,10 @@ snd_riptide_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
 		    (int)sgdlist->bytes);
 	if (sgdlist->area)
 		snd_dma_free_pages(sgdlist);
-	if ((err = snd_dma_alloc_pages(SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV,
-				       &chip->pci->dev,
-				       sizeof(struct sgd) * (DESC_MAX_MASK + 1),
-				       sgdlist)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_dma_alloc_pages(SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV, &chip->pci->dev,
+				  sizeof(struct sgd) * (DESC_MAX_MASK + 1),
+				  sgdlist);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "Riptide: failed to alloc %d dma bytes\n",
 			   (int)sizeof(struct sgd) * (DESC_MAX_MASK + 1));
 		return err;
@@ -1677,9 +1683,9 @@ static int snd_riptide_pcm(struct snd_riptide *chip, int device)
 	struct snd_pcm *pcm;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err =
-	     snd_pcm_new(chip->card, "RIPTIDE", device, PLAYBACK_SUBSTREAMS, 1,
-			 &pcm)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_new(chip->card, "RIPTIDE", device, PLAYBACK_SUBSTREAMS, 1,
+			  &pcm);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK,
 			&snd_riptide_playback_ops);
@@ -1766,14 +1772,16 @@ static int snd_riptide_initialize(struct snd_riptide *chip)
 
 	cif = chip->cif;
 	if (!cif) {
-		if ((cif = kzalloc(sizeof(struct cmdif), GFP_KERNEL)) == NULL)
+		cif = kzalloc(sizeof(struct cmdif), GFP_KERNEL);
+		if (!cif)
 			return -ENOMEM;
 		cif->hwport = (struct riptideport *)chip->port;
 		spin_lock_init(&cif->lock);
 		chip->cif = cif;
 	}
 	cif->is_reset = 0;
-	if ((err = riptide_reset(cif, chip)) != 0)
+	err = riptide_reset(cif, chip);
+	if (err)
 		return err;
 	device_id = chip->device_id;
 	switch (device_id) {
@@ -1797,7 +1805,8 @@ static int snd_riptide_free(struct snd_riptide *chip)
 	if (!chip)
 		return 0;
 
-	if ((cif = chip->cif)) {
+	cif = chip->cif;
+	if (cif) {
 		SET_GRESET(cif->hwport);
 		udelay(100);
 		UNSET_GRESET(cif->hwport);
@@ -1830,9 +1839,11 @@ snd_riptide_create(struct snd_card *card, struct pci_dev *pci,
 	};
 
 	*rchip = NULL;
-	if ((err = pci_enable_device(pci)) < 0)
+	err = pci_enable_device(pci);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
-	if (!(chip = kzalloc(sizeof(struct snd_riptide), GFP_KERNEL)))
+	chip = kzalloc(sizeof(struct snd_riptide), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!chip)
 		return -ENOMEM;
 
 	spin_lock_init(&chip->lock);
@@ -1845,8 +1856,8 @@ snd_riptide_create(struct snd_card *card, struct pci_dev *pci,
 	chip->handled_irqs = 0;
 	chip->cif = NULL;
 
-	if ((chip->res_port =
-	     request_region(chip->port, 64, "RIPTIDE")) == NULL) {
+	chip->res_port = request_region(chip->port, 64, "RIPTIDE");
+	if (!chip->res_port) {
 		snd_printk(KERN_ERR
 			   "Riptide: unable to grab region 0x%lx-0x%lx\n",
 			   chip->port, chip->port + 64 - 1);
@@ -1868,12 +1879,14 @@ snd_riptide_create(struct snd_card *card, struct pci_dev *pci,
 	card->sync_irq = chip->irq;
 	chip->device_id = pci->device;
 	pci_set_master(pci);
-	if ((err = snd_riptide_initialize(chip)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_riptide_initialize(chip);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_riptide_free(chip);
 		return err;
 	}
 
-	if ((err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_riptide_free(chip);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -1903,7 +1916,8 @@ snd_riptide_proc_read(struct snd_info_entry *entry,
 	for (i = 0; i < 64; i += 4)
 		snd_iprintf(buffer, "%c%02x: %08x",
 			    (i % 16) ? ' ' : '\n', i, inl(chip->port + i));
-	if ((cif = chip->cif)) {
+	cif = chip->cif;
+	if (cif) {
 		snd_iprintf(buffer,
 			    "\nVersion: ASIC: %d CODEC: %d AUXDSP: %d PROG: %d",
 			    chip->firmware.firmware.ASIC,
@@ -1922,10 +1936,11 @@ snd_riptide_proc_read(struct snd_info_entry *entry,
 	}
 	snd_iprintf(buffer, "\nOpen streams %d:\n", chip->openstreams);
 	for (i = 0; i < PLAYBACK_SUBSTREAMS; i++) {
-		if (chip->playback_substream[i]
-		    && chip->playback_substream[i]->runtime
-		    && (data =
-			chip->playback_substream[i]->runtime->private_data)) {
+		if (!chip->playback_substream[i] ||
+		    !chip->playback_substream[i]->runtime)
+			continue;
+		data = chip->playback_substream[i]->runtime->private_data;
+		if (data) {
 			snd_iprintf(buffer,
 				    "stream: %d mixer: %d source: %d (%d,%d)\n",
 				    data->id, data->mixer, data->source,
@@ -1934,15 +1949,16 @@ snd_riptide_proc_read(struct snd_info_entry *entry,
 				snd_iprintf(buffer, "rate: %d\n", rate);
 		}
 	}
-	if (chip->capture_substream
-	    && chip->capture_substream->runtime
-	    && (data = chip->capture_substream->runtime->private_data)) {
-		snd_iprintf(buffer,
-			    "stream: %d mixer: %d source: %d (%d,%d)\n",
-			    data->id, data->mixer,
-			    data->source, data->intdec[0], data->intdec[1]);
-		if (!(getsamplerate(cif, data->intdec, &rate)))
-			snd_iprintf(buffer, "rate: %d\n", rate);
+	if (chip->capture_substream && chip->capture_substream->runtime) {
+		data = chip->capture_substream->runtime->private_data;
+		if (data) {
+			snd_iprintf(buffer,
+				    "stream: %d mixer: %d source: %d (%d,%d)\n",
+				    data->id, data->mixer,
+				    data->source, data->intdec[0], data->intdec[1]);
+			if (!(getsamplerate(cif, data->intdec, &rate)))
+				snd_iprintf(buffer, "rate: %d\n", rate);
+		}
 	}
 	snd_iprintf(buffer, "Paths:\n");
 	i = getpaths(cif, p);
@@ -1973,12 +1989,14 @@ static int snd_riptide_mixer(struct snd_riptide *chip)
 	ac97.private_data = chip;
 	ac97.scaps = AC97_SCAP_SKIP_MODEM;
 
-	if ((err = snd_ac97_bus(chip->card, 0, &ops, chip, &pbus)) < 0)
+	err = snd_ac97_bus(chip->card, 0, &ops, chip, &pbus);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	chip->ac97_bus = pbus;
 	ac97.pci = chip->pci;
-	if ((err = snd_ac97_mixer(pbus, &ac97, &chip->ac97)) < 0)
+	err = snd_ac97_mixer(pbus, &ac97, &chip->ac97);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	return err;
 }
diff --git a/sound/pci/rme32.c b/sound/pci/rme32.c
index 54f3e39f97f5..b5b357853c94 100644
--- a/sound/pci/rme32.c
+++ b/sound/pci/rme32.c
@@ -668,18 +668,24 @@ snd_rme32_playback_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
 	}
 
 	spin_lock_irq(&rme32->lock);
-	if ((rme32->rcreg & RME32_RCR_KMODE) &&
-	    (rate = snd_rme32_capture_getrate(rme32, &dummy)) > 0) {
+	rate = 0;
+	if (rme32->rcreg & RME32_RCR_KMODE)
+		rate = snd_rme32_capture_getrate(rme32, &dummy);
+	if (rate > 0) {
 		/* AutoSync */
 		if ((int)params_rate(params) != rate) {
 			spin_unlock_irq(&rme32->lock);
 			return -EIO;
 		}
-	} else if ((err = snd_rme32_playback_setrate(rme32, params_rate(params))) < 0) {
-		spin_unlock_irq(&rme32->lock);
-		return err;
+	} else {
+		err = snd_rme32_playback_setrate(rme32, params_rate(params));
+		if (err < 0) {
+			spin_unlock_irq(&rme32->lock);
+			return err;
+		}
 	}
-	if ((err = snd_rme32_setformat(rme32, params_format(params))) < 0) {
+	err = snd_rme32_setformat(rme32, params_format(params));
+	if (err < 0) {
 		spin_unlock_irq(&rme32->lock);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -723,15 +729,18 @@ snd_rme32_capture_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
 	rme32->wcreg |= RME32_WCR_AUTOSYNC;
 	writel(rme32->wcreg, rme32->iobase + RME32_IO_CONTROL_REGISTER);
 
-	if ((err = snd_rme32_setformat(rme32, params_format(params))) < 0) {
+	err = snd_rme32_setformat(rme32, params_format(params));
+	if (err < 0) {
 		spin_unlock_irq(&rme32->lock);
 		return err;
 	}
-	if ((err = snd_rme32_playback_setrate(rme32, params_rate(params))) < 0) {
+	err = snd_rme32_playback_setrate(rme32, params_rate(params));
+	if (err < 0) {
 		spin_unlock_irq(&rme32->lock);
 		return err;
 	}
-	if ((rate = snd_rme32_capture_getrate(rme32, &isadat)) > 0) {
+	rate = snd_rme32_capture_getrate(rme32, &isadat);
+	if (rate > 0) {
                 if ((int)params_rate(params) != rate) {
 			spin_unlock_irq(&rme32->lock);
                         return -EIO;                    
@@ -854,8 +863,10 @@ static int snd_rme32_playback_spdif_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 		runtime->hw.rates |= SNDRV_PCM_RATE_64000 | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_88200 | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_96000;
 		runtime->hw.rate_max = 96000;
 	}
-	if ((rme32->rcreg & RME32_RCR_KMODE) &&
-	    (rate = snd_rme32_capture_getrate(rme32, &dummy)) > 0) {
+	rate = 0;
+	if (rme32->rcreg & RME32_RCR_KMODE)
+		rate = snd_rme32_capture_getrate(rme32, &dummy);
+	if (rate > 0) {
 		/* AutoSync */
 		runtime->hw.rates = snd_pcm_rate_to_rate_bit(rate);
 		runtime->hw.rate_min = rate;
@@ -895,7 +906,8 @@ static int snd_rme32_capture_spdif_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 		runtime->hw.rates |= SNDRV_PCM_RATE_88200 | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_96000;
 		runtime->hw.rate_max = 96000;
 	}
-	if ((rate = snd_rme32_capture_getrate(rme32, &isadat)) > 0) {
+	rate = snd_rme32_capture_getrate(rme32, &isadat);
+	if (rate > 0) {
 		if (isadat) {
 			return -EIO;
 		}
@@ -932,8 +944,10 @@ snd_rme32_playback_adat_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 		runtime->hw = snd_rme32_adat_fd_info;
 	else
 		runtime->hw = snd_rme32_adat_info;
-	if ((rme32->rcreg & RME32_RCR_KMODE) &&
-	    (rate = snd_rme32_capture_getrate(rme32, &dummy)) > 0) {
+	rate = 0;
+	if (rme32->rcreg & RME32_RCR_KMODE)
+		rate = snd_rme32_capture_getrate(rme32, &dummy);
+	if (rate > 0) {
                 /* AutoSync */
                 runtime->hw.rates = snd_pcm_rate_to_rate_bit(rate);
                 runtime->hw.rate_min = rate;
@@ -955,7 +969,8 @@ snd_rme32_capture_adat_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 		runtime->hw = snd_rme32_adat_fd_info;
 	else
 		runtime->hw = snd_rme32_adat_info;
-	if ((rate = snd_rme32_capture_getrate(rme32, &isadat)) > 0) {
+	rate = snd_rme32_capture_getrate(rme32, &isadat);
+	if (rate > 0) {
 		if (!isadat) {
 			return -EIO;
 		}
@@ -1307,10 +1322,12 @@ static int snd_rme32_create(struct rme32 *rme32)
 	rme32->irq = -1;
 	spin_lock_init(&rme32->lock);
 
-	if ((err = pci_enable_device(pci)) < 0)
+	err = pci_enable_device(pci);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
-	if ((err = pci_request_regions(pci, "RME32")) < 0)
+	err = pci_request_regions(pci, "RME32");
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	rme32->port = pci_resource_start(rme32->pci, 0);
 
@@ -1334,9 +1351,9 @@ static int snd_rme32_create(struct rme32 *rme32)
 	pci_read_config_byte(pci, 8, &rme32->rev);
 
 	/* set up ALSA pcm device for S/PDIF */
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_new(rme32->card, "Digi32 IEC958", 0, 1, 1, &rme32->spdif_pcm)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_pcm_new(rme32->card, "Digi32 IEC958", 0, 1, 1, &rme32->spdif_pcm);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
-	}
 	rme32->spdif_pcm->private_data = rme32;
 	rme32->spdif_pcm->private_free = snd_rme32_free_spdif_pcm;
 	strcpy(rme32->spdif_pcm->name, "Digi32 IEC958");
@@ -1363,11 +1380,10 @@ static int snd_rme32_create(struct rme32 *rme32)
 		rme32->adat_pcm = NULL;
 	}
 	else {
-		if ((err = snd_pcm_new(rme32->card, "Digi32 ADAT", 1,
-				       1, 1, &rme32->adat_pcm)) < 0)
-		{
+		err = snd_pcm_new(rme32->card, "Digi32 ADAT", 1,
+				  1, 1, &rme32->adat_pcm);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
-		}		
 		rme32->adat_pcm->private_data = rme32;
 		rme32->adat_pcm->private_free = snd_rme32_free_adat_pcm;
 		strcpy(rme32->adat_pcm->name, "Digi32 ADAT");
@@ -1410,9 +1426,9 @@ static int snd_rme32_create(struct rme32 *rme32)
 
 
 	/* init switch interface */
-	if ((err = snd_rme32_create_switches(rme32->card, rme32)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_rme32_create_switches(rme32->card, rme32);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
-	}
 
 	/* init proc interface */
 	snd_rme32_proc_init(rme32);
@@ -1855,7 +1871,9 @@ static int snd_rme32_create_switches(struct snd_card *card, struct rme32 * rme32
 	struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;
 
 	for (idx = 0; idx < (int)ARRAY_SIZE(snd_rme32_controls); idx++) {
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_rme32_controls[idx], rme32))) < 0)
+		kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_rme32_controls[idx], rme32);
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 		if (idx == 1)	/* IEC958 (S/PDIF) Stream */
 			rme32->spdif_ctl = kctl;
@@ -1899,7 +1917,8 @@ snd_rme32_probe(struct pci_dev *pci, const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
 	rme32->pci = pci;
         if (fullduplex[dev])
 		rme32->fullduplex_mode = 1;
-	if ((err = snd_rme32_create(rme32)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_rme32_create(rme32);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -1919,7 +1938,8 @@ snd_rme32_probe(struct pci_dev *pci, const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
 	sprintf(card->longname, "%s (Rev. %d) at 0x%lx, irq %d",
 		card->shortname, rme32->rev, rme32->port, rme32->irq);
 
-	if ((err = snd_card_register(card)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/pci/rme96.c b/sound/pci/rme96.c
index 66082e9f526d..fc7ac077559c 100644
--- a/sound/pci/rme96.c
+++ b/sound/pci/rme96.c
@@ -666,12 +666,14 @@ snd_rme96_playback_getrate(struct rme96 *rme96)
 	int rate, dummy;
 
 	if (!(rme96->wcreg & RME96_WCR_MASTER) &&
-            snd_rme96_getinputtype(rme96) != RME96_INPUT_ANALOG &&
-	    (rate = snd_rme96_capture_getrate(rme96, &dummy)) > 0)
-	{
-	        /* slave clock */
-	        return rate;
+	    snd_rme96_getinputtype(rme96) != RME96_INPUT_ANALOG) {
+		rate = snd_rme96_capture_getrate(rme96, &dummy);
+		if (rate > 0) {
+			/* slave clock */
+			return rate;
+		}
 	}
+
 	rate = ((rme96->wcreg >> RME96_WCR_BITPOS_FREQ_0) & 1) +
 		(((rme96->wcreg >> RME96_WCR_BITPOS_FREQ_1) & 1) << 1);
 	switch (rate) {
@@ -984,10 +986,11 @@ snd_rme96_playback_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
 	runtime->dma_bytes = RME96_BUFFER_SIZE;
 
 	spin_lock_irq(&rme96->lock);
+	rate = 0;
 	if (!(rme96->wcreg & RME96_WCR_MASTER) &&
-            snd_rme96_getinputtype(rme96) != RME96_INPUT_ANALOG &&
-	    (rate = snd_rme96_capture_getrate(rme96, &dummy)) > 0)
-	{
+	    snd_rme96_getinputtype(rme96) != RME96_INPUT_ANALOG)
+		rate = snd_rme96_capture_getrate(rme96, &dummy);
+	if (rate > 0) {
                 /* slave clock */
                 if ((int)params_rate(params) != rate) {
 			err = -EIO;
@@ -1046,28 +1049,30 @@ snd_rme96_capture_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
 	runtime->dma_bytes = RME96_BUFFER_SIZE;
 
 	spin_lock_irq(&rme96->lock);
-	if ((err = snd_rme96_capture_setformat(rme96, params_format(params))) < 0) {
+	err = snd_rme96_capture_setformat(rme96, params_format(params));
+	if (err < 0) {
 		spin_unlock_irq(&rme96->lock);
 		return err;
 	}
 	if (snd_rme96_getinputtype(rme96) == RME96_INPUT_ANALOG) {
-		if ((err = snd_rme96_capture_analog_setrate(rme96,
-							    params_rate(params))) < 0)
-		{
+		err = snd_rme96_capture_analog_setrate(rme96, params_rate(params));
+		if (err < 0) {
 			spin_unlock_irq(&rme96->lock);
 			return err;
 		}
-	} else if ((rate = snd_rme96_capture_getrate(rme96, &isadat)) > 0) {
-                if ((int)params_rate(params) != rate) {
-			spin_unlock_irq(&rme96->lock);
-			return -EIO;                    
-                }
-                if ((isadat && runtime->hw.channels_min == 2) ||
-                    (!isadat && runtime->hw.channels_min == 8))
-                {
-			spin_unlock_irq(&rme96->lock);
-			return -EIO;
-                }
+	} else {
+		rate = snd_rme96_capture_getrate(rme96, &isadat);
+		if (rate > 0) {
+			if ((int)params_rate(params) != rate) {
+				spin_unlock_irq(&rme96->lock);
+				return -EIO;
+			}
+			if ((isadat && runtime->hw.channels_min == 2) ||
+			    (!isadat && runtime->hw.channels_min == 8)) {
+				spin_unlock_irq(&rme96->lock);
+				return -EIO;
+			}
+		}
         }
 	snd_rme96_setframelog(rme96, params_channels(params), 0);
 	if (rme96->playback_periodsize != 0) {
@@ -1160,8 +1165,10 @@ rme96_set_buffer_size_constraint(struct rme96 *rme96,
 
 	snd_pcm_hw_constraint_single(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_BUFFER_BYTES,
 				     RME96_BUFFER_SIZE);
-	if ((size = rme96->playback_periodsize) != 0 ||
-	    (size = rme96->capture_periodsize) != 0)
+	size = rme96->playback_periodsize;
+	if (!size)
+		size = rme96->capture_periodsize;
+	if (size)
 		snd_pcm_hw_constraint_single(runtime,
 					     SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_BYTES,
 					     size);
@@ -1191,13 +1198,14 @@ snd_rme96_playback_spdif_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 
 	runtime->hw = snd_rme96_playback_spdif_info;
 	if (!(rme96->wcreg & RME96_WCR_MASTER) &&
-            snd_rme96_getinputtype(rme96) != RME96_INPUT_ANALOG &&
-	    (rate = snd_rme96_capture_getrate(rme96, &dummy)) > 0)
-	{
-                /* slave clock */
-                runtime->hw.rates = snd_pcm_rate_to_rate_bit(rate);
-                runtime->hw.rate_min = rate;
-                runtime->hw.rate_max = rate;
+	    snd_rme96_getinputtype(rme96) != RME96_INPUT_ANALOG) {
+		rate = snd_rme96_capture_getrate(rme96, &dummy);
+		if (rate > 0) {
+			/* slave clock */
+			runtime->hw.rates = snd_pcm_rate_to_rate_bit(rate);
+			runtime->hw.rate_min = rate;
+			runtime->hw.rate_max = rate;
+		}
 	}        
 	rme96_set_buffer_size_constraint(rme96, runtime);
 
@@ -1217,16 +1225,16 @@ snd_rme96_capture_spdif_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 
 	snd_pcm_set_sync(substream);
 	runtime->hw = snd_rme96_capture_spdif_info;
-        if (snd_rme96_getinputtype(rme96) != RME96_INPUT_ANALOG &&
-            (rate = snd_rme96_capture_getrate(rme96, &isadat)) > 0)
-        {
-                if (isadat) {
-                        return -EIO;
-                }
-                runtime->hw.rates = snd_pcm_rate_to_rate_bit(rate);
-                runtime->hw.rate_min = rate;
-                runtime->hw.rate_max = rate;
-        }
+	if (snd_rme96_getinputtype(rme96) != RME96_INPUT_ANALOG) {
+		rate = snd_rme96_capture_getrate(rme96, &isadat);
+		if (rate > 0) {
+			if (isadat)
+				return -EIO;
+			runtime->hw.rates = snd_pcm_rate_to_rate_bit(rate);
+			runtime->hw.rate_min = rate;
+			runtime->hw.rate_max = rate;
+		}
+	}
         
 	spin_lock_irq(&rme96->lock);
 	if (rme96->capture_substream) {
@@ -1260,14 +1268,16 @@ snd_rme96_playback_adat_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 	
 	runtime->hw = snd_rme96_playback_adat_info;
 	if (!(rme96->wcreg & RME96_WCR_MASTER) &&
-            snd_rme96_getinputtype(rme96) != RME96_INPUT_ANALOG &&
-	    (rate = snd_rme96_capture_getrate(rme96, &dummy)) > 0)
-	{
-                /* slave clock */
-                runtime->hw.rates = snd_pcm_rate_to_rate_bit(rate);
-                runtime->hw.rate_min = rate;
-                runtime->hw.rate_max = rate;
-	}        
+	    snd_rme96_getinputtype(rme96) != RME96_INPUT_ANALOG) {
+		rate = snd_rme96_capture_getrate(rme96, &dummy);
+		if (rate > 0) {
+			/* slave clock */
+			runtime->hw.rates = snd_pcm_rate_to_rate_bit(rate);
+			runtime->hw.rate_min = rate;
+			runtime->hw.rate_max = rate;
+		}
+	}
+
 	rme96_set_buffer_size_constraint(rme96, runtime);
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -1286,7 +1296,8 @@ snd_rme96_capture_adat_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
                    expension cards AEB4/8-I are RME96_INPUT_INTERNAL */
                 return -EIO;
         }
-        if ((rate = snd_rme96_capture_getrate(rme96, &isadat)) > 0) {
+	rate = snd_rme96_capture_getrate(rme96, &isadat);
+	if (rate > 0) {
                 if (!isadat) {
                         return -EIO;
                 }
@@ -1603,10 +1614,12 @@ snd_rme96_create(struct rme96 *rme96)
 	rme96->irq = -1;
 	spin_lock_init(&rme96->lock);
 
-	if ((err = pci_enable_device(pci)) < 0)
+	err = pci_enable_device(pci);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
-	if ((err = pci_request_regions(pci, "RME96")) < 0)
+	err = pci_request_regions(pci, "RME96");
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	rme96->port = pci_resource_start(rme96->pci, 0);
 
@@ -1630,11 +1643,11 @@ snd_rme96_create(struct rme96 *rme96)
 	pci_read_config_byte(pci, 8, &rme96->rev);	
 	
 	/* set up ALSA pcm device for S/PDIF */
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_new(rme96->card, "Digi96 IEC958", 0,
-			       1, 1, &rme96->spdif_pcm)) < 0)
-	{
+	err = snd_pcm_new(rme96->card, "Digi96 IEC958", 0,
+			  1, 1, &rme96->spdif_pcm);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
-	}
+
 	rme96->spdif_pcm->private_data = rme96;
 	rme96->spdif_pcm->private_free = snd_rme96_free_spdif_pcm;
 	strcpy(rme96->spdif_pcm->name, "Digi96 IEC958");
@@ -1648,11 +1661,10 @@ snd_rme96_create(struct rme96 *rme96)
 		/* ADAT is not available on the base model */
 		rme96->adat_pcm = NULL;
 	} else {
-		if ((err = snd_pcm_new(rme96->card, "Digi96 ADAT", 1,
-				       1, 1, &rme96->adat_pcm)) < 0)
-		{
+		err = snd_pcm_new(rme96->card, "Digi96 ADAT", 1,
+				  1, 1, &rme96->adat_pcm);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
-		}		
 		rme96->adat_pcm->private_data = rme96;
 		rme96->adat_pcm->private_free = snd_rme96_free_adat_pcm;
 		strcpy(rme96->adat_pcm->name, "Digi96 ADAT");
@@ -1701,9 +1713,9 @@ snd_rme96_create(struct rme96 *rme96)
 	}
 	
 	/* init switch interface */
-	if ((err = snd_rme96_create_switches(rme96->card, rme96)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_rme96_create_switches(rme96->card, rme96);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
-	}
 
         /* init proc interface */
 	snd_rme96_proc_init(rme96);
@@ -2336,16 +2348,20 @@ snd_rme96_create_switches(struct snd_card *card,
 	struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;
 
 	for (idx = 0; idx < 7; idx++) {
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_rme96_controls[idx], rme96))) < 0)
+		kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_rme96_controls[idx], rme96);
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 		if (idx == 1)	/* IEC958 (S/PDIF) Stream */
 			rme96->spdif_ctl = kctl;
 	}
 
 	if (RME96_HAS_ANALOG_OUT(rme96)) {
-		for (idx = 7; idx < 10; idx++)
-			if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_rme96_controls[idx], rme96))) < 0)
+		for (idx = 7; idx < 10; idx++) {
+			err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_rme96_controls[idx], rme96));
+			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
+		}
 	}
 	
 	return 0;
diff --git a/sound/pci/rme9652/hdsp.c b/sound/pci/rme9652/hdsp.c
index 720297cbdf87..8457a4bbc3df 100644
--- a/sound/pci/rme9652/hdsp.c
+++ b/sound/pci/rme9652/hdsp.c
@@ -289,7 +289,7 @@ MODULE_FIRMWARE("digiface_firmware_rev11.bin");
 	return 104857600000000 / rate; // 100 MHz
 	return 110100480000000 / rate; // 105 MHz
 */
-#define DDS_NUMERATOR 104857600000000ULL;  /*  =  2^20 * 10^8 */
+#define DDS_NUMERATOR 104857600000000ULL  /*  =  2^20 * 10^8 */
 
 #define hdsp_encode_latency(x)       (((x)<<1) & HDSP_LatencyMask)
 #define hdsp_decode_latency(x)       (((x) & HDSP_LatencyMask)>>1)
@@ -1318,11 +1318,13 @@ static int snd_hdsp_midi_output_write (struct hdsp_midi *hmidi)
 	spin_lock_irqsave (&hmidi->lock, flags);
 	if (hmidi->output) {
 		if (!snd_rawmidi_transmit_empty (hmidi->output)) {
-			if ((n_pending = snd_hdsp_midi_output_possible (hmidi->hdsp, hmidi->id)) > 0) {
+			n_pending = snd_hdsp_midi_output_possible(hmidi->hdsp, hmidi->id);
+			if (n_pending > 0) {
 				if (n_pending > (int)sizeof (buf))
 					n_pending = sizeof (buf);
 
-				if ((to_write = snd_rawmidi_transmit (hmidi->output, buf, n_pending)) > 0) {
+				to_write = snd_rawmidi_transmit(hmidi->output, buf, n_pending);
+				if (to_write > 0) {
 					for (i = 0; i < to_write; ++i)
 						snd_hdsp_midi_write_byte (hmidi->hdsp, hmidi->id, buf[i]);
 				}
@@ -1341,7 +1343,8 @@ static int snd_hdsp_midi_input_read (struct hdsp_midi *hmidi)
 	int i;
 
 	spin_lock_irqsave (&hmidi->lock, flags);
-	if ((n_pending = snd_hdsp_midi_input_available (hmidi->hdsp, hmidi->id)) > 0) {
+	n_pending = snd_hdsp_midi_input_available(hmidi->hdsp, hmidi->id);
+	if (n_pending > 0) {
 		if (hmidi->input) {
 			if (n_pending > (int)sizeof (buf))
 				n_pending = sizeof (buf);
@@ -3322,7 +3325,9 @@ static int snd_hdsp_create_controls(struct snd_card *card, struct hdsp *hdsp)
 	}
 
 	for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_hdsp_controls); idx++) {
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_hdsp_controls[idx], hdsp))) < 0)
+		kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_hdsp_controls[idx], hdsp);
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 		if (idx == 1)	/* IEC958 (S/PDIF) Stream */
 			hdsp->spdif_ctl = kctl;
@@ -3331,12 +3336,16 @@ static int snd_hdsp_create_controls(struct snd_card *card, struct hdsp *hdsp)
 	/* ADAT SyncCheck status */
 	snd_hdsp_adat_sync_check.name = "ADAT Lock Status";
 	snd_hdsp_adat_sync_check.index = 1;
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_add (card, kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_hdsp_adat_sync_check, hdsp))))
+	kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_hdsp_adat_sync_check, hdsp);
+	err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	if (hdsp->io_type == Digiface || hdsp->io_type == H9652) {
 		for (idx = 1; idx < 3; ++idx) {
 			snd_hdsp_adat_sync_check.index = idx+1;
-			if ((err = snd_ctl_add (card, kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_hdsp_adat_sync_check, hdsp))))
+			kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_hdsp_adat_sync_check, hdsp);
+			err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
 		}
 	}
@@ -3344,7 +3353,9 @@ static int snd_hdsp_create_controls(struct snd_card *card, struct hdsp *hdsp)
 	/* DA, AD and Phone gain and XLR breakout cable controls for H9632 cards */
 	if (hdsp->io_type == H9632) {
 		for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_hdsp_9632_controls); idx++) {
-			if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_hdsp_9632_controls[idx], hdsp))) < 0)
+			kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_hdsp_9632_controls[idx], hdsp);
+			err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
 		}
 	}
@@ -3362,8 +3373,10 @@ static int snd_hdsp_create_controls(struct snd_card *card, struct hdsp *hdsp)
 
 	/* AEB control for H96xx card */
 	if (hdsp->io_type == H9632 || hdsp->io_type == H9652) {
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_hdsp_96xx_aeb, hdsp))) < 0)
-				return err;
+		kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_hdsp_96xx_aeb, hdsp);
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
 	}
 
 	return 0;
@@ -3942,7 +3955,8 @@ static char *hdsp_channel_buffer_location(struct hdsp *hdsp,
         if (snd_BUG_ON(channel < 0 || channel >= hdsp->max_channels))
 		return NULL;
 
-	if ((mapped_channel = hdsp->channel_map[channel]) < 0)
+	mapped_channel = hdsp->channel_map[channel];
+	if (mapped_channel < 0)
 		return NULL;
 
 	if (stream == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE)
@@ -4114,7 +4128,8 @@ static int snd_hdsp_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
 
 	spin_lock_irq(&hdsp->lock);
 	if (! hdsp->clock_source_locked) {
-		if ((err = hdsp_set_rate(hdsp, params_rate(params), 0)) < 0) {
+		err = hdsp_set_rate(hdsp, params_rate(params), 0);
+		if (err < 0) {
 			spin_unlock_irq(&hdsp->lock);
 			_snd_pcm_hw_param_setempty(params, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE);
 			return err;
@@ -4122,7 +4137,8 @@ static int snd_hdsp_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
 	}
 	spin_unlock_irq(&hdsp->lock);
 
-	if ((err = hdsp_set_interrupt_interval(hdsp, params_period_size(params))) < 0) {
+	err = hdsp_set_interrupt_interval(hdsp, params_period_size(params));
+	if (err < 0) {
 		_snd_pcm_hw_param_setempty(params, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_SIZE);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -4854,14 +4870,15 @@ static int snd_hdsp_hwdep_ioctl(struct snd_hwdep *hw, struct file *file, unsigne
 
 		if (hdsp->io_type == H9652 || hdsp->io_type == H9632) return -EINVAL;
 		if (hdsp->io_type == Undefined) {
-			if ((err = hdsp_get_iobox_version(hdsp)) < 0)
+			err = hdsp_get_iobox_version(hdsp);
+			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
 		}
 		memset(&hdsp_version, 0, sizeof(hdsp_version));
 		hdsp_version.io_type = hdsp->io_type;
 		hdsp_version.firmware_rev = hdsp->firmware_rev;
-		if ((err = copy_to_user(argp, &hdsp_version, sizeof(hdsp_version))))
-		    	return -EFAULT;
+		if (copy_to_user(argp, &hdsp_version, sizeof(hdsp_version)))
+			return -EFAULT;
 		break;
 	}
 	case SNDRV_HDSP_IOCTL_UPLOAD_FIRMWARE: {
@@ -4900,17 +4917,20 @@ static int snd_hdsp_hwdep_ioctl(struct snd_hwdep *hw, struct file *file, unsigne
 
 		hdsp->state |= HDSP_FirmwareCached;
 
-		if ((err = snd_hdsp_load_firmware_from_cache(hdsp)) < 0)
+		err = snd_hdsp_load_firmware_from_cache(hdsp);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 
 		if (!(hdsp->state & HDSP_InitializationComplete)) {
-			if ((err = snd_hdsp_enable_io(hdsp)) < 0)
+			err = snd_hdsp_enable_io(hdsp);
+			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
 
 			snd_hdsp_initialize_channels(hdsp);
 			snd_hdsp_initialize_midi_flush(hdsp);
 
-			if ((err = snd_hdsp_create_alsa_devices(hdsp->card, hdsp)) < 0) {
+			err = snd_hdsp_create_alsa_devices(hdsp->card, hdsp);
+			if (err < 0) {
 				dev_err(hdsp->card->dev,
 					"error creating alsa devices\n");
 				return err;
@@ -4960,7 +4980,8 @@ static int snd_hdsp_create_hwdep(struct snd_card *card, struct hdsp *hdsp)
 	struct snd_hwdep *hw;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_hwdep_new(card, "HDSP hwdep", 0, &hw)) < 0)
+	err = snd_hwdep_new(card, "HDSP hwdep", 0, &hw);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	hdsp->hwdep = hw;
@@ -4978,7 +4999,8 @@ static int snd_hdsp_create_pcm(struct snd_card *card, struct hdsp *hdsp)
 	struct snd_pcm *pcm;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_new(card, hdsp->card_name, 0, 1, 1, &pcm)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_new(card, hdsp->card_name, 0, 1, 1, &pcm);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	hdsp->pcm = pcm;
@@ -5084,28 +5106,32 @@ static int snd_hdsp_create_alsa_devices(struct snd_card *card, struct hdsp *hdsp
 {
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_hdsp_create_pcm(card, hdsp)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_hdsp_create_pcm(card, hdsp);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		dev_err(card->dev,
 			"Error creating pcm interface\n");
 		return err;
 	}
 
 
-	if ((err = snd_hdsp_create_midi(card, hdsp, 0)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_hdsp_create_midi(card, hdsp, 0);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		dev_err(card->dev,
 			"Error creating first midi interface\n");
 		return err;
 	}
 
 	if (hdsp->io_type == Digiface || hdsp->io_type == H9652) {
-		if ((err = snd_hdsp_create_midi(card, hdsp, 1)) < 0) {
+		err = snd_hdsp_create_midi(card, hdsp, 1);
+		if (err < 0) {
 			dev_err(card->dev,
 				"Error creating second midi interface\n");
 			return err;
 		}
 	}
 
-	if ((err = snd_hdsp_create_controls(card, hdsp)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_hdsp_create_controls(card, hdsp);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		dev_err(card->dev,
 			"Error creating ctl interface\n");
 		return err;
@@ -5119,7 +5145,8 @@ static int snd_hdsp_create_alsa_devices(struct snd_card *card, struct hdsp *hdsp
 	hdsp->capture_substream = NULL;
 	hdsp->playback_substream = NULL;
 
-	if ((err = snd_hdsp_set_defaults(hdsp)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_hdsp_set_defaults(hdsp);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		dev_err(card->dev,
 			"Error setting default values\n");
 		return err;
@@ -5130,7 +5157,8 @@ static int snd_hdsp_create_alsa_devices(struct snd_card *card, struct hdsp *hdsp
 		sprintf(card->longname, "%s at 0x%lx, irq %d", hdsp->card_name,
 			hdsp->port, hdsp->irq);
 
-		if ((err = snd_card_register(card)) < 0) {
+		err = snd_card_register(card);
+		if (err < 0) {
 			dev_err(card->dev,
 				"error registering card\n");
 			return err;
@@ -5151,7 +5179,8 @@ static int hdsp_request_fw_loader(struct hdsp *hdsp)
 	if (hdsp->io_type == H9652 || hdsp->io_type == H9632)
 		return 0;
 	if (hdsp->io_type == Undefined) {
-		if ((err = hdsp_get_iobox_version(hdsp)) < 0)
+		err = hdsp_get_iobox_version(hdsp);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 		if (hdsp->io_type == H9652 || hdsp->io_type == H9632)
 			return 0;
@@ -5197,21 +5226,25 @@ static int hdsp_request_fw_loader(struct hdsp *hdsp)
 
 	hdsp->state |= HDSP_FirmwareCached;
 
-	if ((err = snd_hdsp_load_firmware_from_cache(hdsp)) < 0)
+	err = snd_hdsp_load_firmware_from_cache(hdsp);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	if (!(hdsp->state & HDSP_InitializationComplete)) {
-		if ((err = snd_hdsp_enable_io(hdsp)) < 0)
+		err = snd_hdsp_enable_io(hdsp);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 
-		if ((err = snd_hdsp_create_hwdep(hdsp->card, hdsp)) < 0) {
+		err = snd_hdsp_create_hwdep(hdsp->card, hdsp);
+		if (err < 0) {
 			dev_err(hdsp->card->dev,
 				"error creating hwdep device\n");
 			return err;
 		}
 		snd_hdsp_initialize_channels(hdsp);
 		snd_hdsp_initialize_midi_flush(hdsp);
-		if ((err = snd_hdsp_create_alsa_devices(hdsp->card, hdsp)) < 0) {
+		err = snd_hdsp_create_alsa_devices(hdsp->card, hdsp);
+		if (err < 0) {
 			dev_err(hdsp->card->dev,
 				"error creating alsa devices\n");
 			return err;
@@ -5280,15 +5313,18 @@ static int snd_hdsp_create(struct snd_card *card,
 		is_9632 = 1;
 	}
 
-	if ((err = pci_enable_device(pci)) < 0)
+	err = pci_enable_device(pci);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	pci_set_master(hdsp->pci);
 
-	if ((err = pci_request_regions(pci, "hdsp")) < 0)
+	err = pci_request_regions(pci, "hdsp");
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	hdsp->port = pci_resource_start(pci, 0);
-	if ((hdsp->iobase = ioremap(hdsp->port, HDSP_IO_EXTENT)) == NULL) {
+	hdsp->iobase = ioremap(hdsp->port, HDSP_IO_EXTENT);
+	if (!hdsp->iobase) {
 		dev_err(hdsp->card->dev, "unable to remap region 0x%lx-0x%lx\n",
 			hdsp->port, hdsp->port + HDSP_IO_EXTENT - 1);
 		return -EBUSY;
@@ -5306,7 +5342,8 @@ static int snd_hdsp_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	hdsp->use_midi_work = 1;
 	hdsp->dds_value = 0;
 
-	if ((err = snd_hdsp_initialize_memory(hdsp)) < 0)
+	err = snd_hdsp_initialize_memory(hdsp);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	if (!is_9652 && !is_9632) {
@@ -5318,7 +5355,8 @@ static int snd_hdsp_create(struct snd_card *card,
 			return err;
 
 		if ((hdsp_read (hdsp, HDSP_statusRegister) & HDSP_DllError) != 0) {
-			if ((err = hdsp_request_fw_loader(hdsp)) < 0)
+			err = hdsp_request_fw_loader(hdsp);
+			if (err < 0)
 				/* we don't fail as this can happen
 				   if userspace is not ready for
 				   firmware upload
@@ -5331,7 +5369,8 @@ static int snd_hdsp_create(struct snd_card *card,
 			/* we defer initialization */
 			dev_info(hdsp->card->dev,
 				 "card initialization pending : waiting for firmware\n");
-			if ((err = snd_hdsp_create_hwdep(card, hdsp)) < 0)
+			err = snd_hdsp_create_hwdep(card, hdsp);
+			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
 			return 0;
 		} else {
@@ -5346,7 +5385,8 @@ static int snd_hdsp_create(struct snd_card *card,
 		}
 	}
 
-	if ((err = snd_hdsp_enable_io(hdsp)) != 0)
+	err = snd_hdsp_enable_io(hdsp);
+	if (err)
 		return err;
 
 	if (is_9652)
@@ -5355,7 +5395,8 @@ static int snd_hdsp_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	if (is_9632)
 		hdsp->io_type = H9632;
 
-	if ((err = snd_hdsp_create_hwdep(card, hdsp)) < 0)
+	err = snd_hdsp_create_hwdep(card, hdsp);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	snd_hdsp_initialize_channels(hdsp);
@@ -5363,7 +5404,8 @@ static int snd_hdsp_create(struct snd_card *card,
 
 	hdsp->state |= HDSP_FirmwareLoaded;
 
-	if ((err = snd_hdsp_create_alsa_devices(card, hdsp)) < 0)
+	err = snd_hdsp_create_alsa_devices(card, hdsp);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	return 0;
diff --git a/sound/pci/rme9652/rme9652.c b/sound/pci/rme9652/rme9652.c
index 7a4d395abcee..f1aad38760d6 100644
--- a/sound/pci/rme9652/rme9652.c
+++ b/sound/pci/rme9652/rme9652.c
@@ -433,9 +433,9 @@ static int rme9652_set_interrupt_interval(struct snd_rme9652 *s,
 
 	spin_lock_irq(&s->lock);
 
-	if ((restart = s->running)) {
+	restart = s->running;
+	if (restart)
 		rme9652_stop(s);
-	}
 
 	frames >>= 7;
 	n = 0;
@@ -518,16 +518,15 @@ static int rme9652_set_rate(struct snd_rme9652 *rme9652, int rate)
 		return -EBUSY;
 	}
 
-	if ((restart = rme9652->running)) {
+	restart = rme9652->running;
+	if (restart)
 		rme9652_stop(rme9652);
-	}
 	rme9652->control_register &= ~(RME9652_freq | RME9652_DS);
 	rme9652->control_register |= rate;
 	rme9652_write(rme9652, RME9652_control_register, rme9652->control_register);
 
-	if (restart) {
+	if (restart)
 		rme9652_start(rme9652);
-	}
 
 	if (rate & RME9652_DS) {
 		if (rme9652->ss_channels == RME9652_NCHANNELS) {
@@ -878,15 +877,14 @@ static int rme9652_set_adat1_input(struct snd_rme9652 *rme9652, int internal)
 
 	/* XXX do we actually need to stop the card when we do this ? */
 
-	if ((restart = rme9652->running)) {
+	restart = rme9652->running;
+	if (restart)
 		rme9652_stop(rme9652);
-	}
 
 	rme9652_write(rme9652, RME9652_control_register, rme9652->control_register);
 
-	if (restart) {
+	if (restart)
 		rme9652_start(rme9652);
-	}
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -943,15 +941,14 @@ static int rme9652_set_spdif_input(struct snd_rme9652 *rme9652, int in)
 	rme9652->control_register &= ~RME9652_inp;
 	rme9652->control_register |= rme9652_encode_spdif_in(in);
 
-	if ((restart = rme9652->running)) {
+	restart = rme9652->running;
+	if (restart)
 		rme9652_stop(rme9652);
-	}
 
 	rme9652_write(rme9652, RME9652_control_register, rme9652->control_register);
 
-	if (restart) {
+	if (restart)
 		rme9652_start(rme9652);
-	}
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -1010,15 +1007,14 @@ static int rme9652_set_spdif_output(struct snd_rme9652 *rme9652, int out)
 		rme9652->control_register &= ~RME9652_opt_out;
 	}
 
-	if ((restart = rme9652->running)) {
+	restart = rme9652->running;
+	if (restart)
 		rme9652_stop(rme9652);
-	}
 
 	rme9652_write(rme9652, RME9652_control_register, rme9652->control_register);
 
-	if (restart) {
+	if (restart)
 		rme9652_start(rme9652);
-	}
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -1086,15 +1082,14 @@ static int rme9652_set_sync_mode(struct snd_rme9652 *rme9652, int mode)
 		break;
 	}
 
-	if ((restart = rme9652->running)) {
+	restart = rme9652->running;
+	if (restart)
 		rme9652_stop(rme9652);
-	}
 
 	rme9652_write(rme9652, RME9652_control_register, rme9652->control_register);
 
-	if (restart) {
+	if (restart)
 		rme9652_start(rme9652);
-	}
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -1173,15 +1168,14 @@ static int rme9652_set_sync_pref(struct snd_rme9652 *rme9652, int pref)
 		break;
 	}
 
-	if ((restart = rme9652->running)) {
+	restart = rme9652->running;
+	if (restart)
 		rme9652_stop(rme9652);
-	}
 
 	rme9652_write(rme9652, RME9652_control_register, rme9652->control_register);
 
-	if (restart) {
+	if (restart)
 		rme9652_start(rme9652);
-	}
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -1513,19 +1507,27 @@ static int snd_rme9652_create_controls(struct snd_card *card, struct snd_rme9652
 	struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;
 
 	for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_rme9652_controls); idx++) {
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_rme9652_controls[idx], rme9652))) < 0)
+		kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_rme9652_controls[idx], rme9652);
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 		if (idx == 1)	/* IEC958 (S/PDIF) Stream */
 			rme9652->spdif_ctl = kctl;
 	}
 
-	if (rme9652->ss_channels == RME9652_NCHANNELS)
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_rme9652_adat3_check, rme9652))) < 0)
+	if (rme9652->ss_channels == RME9652_NCHANNELS) {
+		kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_rme9652_adat3_check, rme9652);
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
+	}
 
-	if (rme9652->hw_rev >= 15)
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_rme9652_adat1_input, rme9652))) < 0)
+	if (rme9652->hw_rev >= 15) {
+		kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_rme9652_adat1_input, rme9652);
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
+	}
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -1842,9 +1844,9 @@ static char *rme9652_channel_buffer_location(struct snd_rme9652 *rme9652,
 	if (snd_BUG_ON(channel < 0 || channel >= RME9652_NCHANNELS))
 		return NULL;
         
-	if ((mapped_channel = rme9652->channel_map[channel]) < 0) {
+	mapped_channel = rme9652->channel_map[channel];
+	if (mapped_channel < 0)
 		return NULL;
-	}
 	
 	if (stream == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE) {
 		return rme9652->capture_buffer +
@@ -2021,12 +2023,14 @@ static int snd_rme9652_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
 	/* how to make sure that the rate matches an externally-set one ?
 	 */
 
-	if ((err = rme9652_set_rate(rme9652, params_rate(params))) < 0) {
+	err = rme9652_set_rate(rme9652, params_rate(params));
+	if (err < 0) {
 		_snd_pcm_hw_param_setempty(params, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE);
 		return err;
 	}
 
-	if ((err = rme9652_set_interrupt_interval(rme9652, params_period_size(params))) < 0) {
+	err = rme9652_set_interrupt_interval(rme9652, params_period_size(params));
+	if (err < 0) {
 		_snd_pcm_hw_param_setempty(params, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_SIZE);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -2406,11 +2410,9 @@ static int snd_rme9652_create_pcm(struct snd_card *card,
 	struct snd_pcm *pcm;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_new(card,
-			       rme9652->card_name,
-			       0, 1, 1, &pcm)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_pcm_new(card, rme9652->card_name, 0, 1, 1, &pcm);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
-	}
 
 	rme9652->pcm = pcm;
 	pcm->private_data = rme9652;
@@ -2450,12 +2452,14 @@ static int snd_rme9652_create(struct snd_card *card,
 		return -ENODEV;
 	}
 
-	if ((err = pci_enable_device(pci)) < 0)
+	err = pci_enable_device(pci);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	spin_lock_init(&rme9652->lock);
 
-	if ((err = pci_request_regions(pci, "rme9652")) < 0)
+	err = pci_request_regions(pci, "rme9652");
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	rme9652->port = pci_resource_start(pci, 0);
 	rme9652->iobase = ioremap(rme9652->port, RME9652_IO_EXTENT);
@@ -2528,17 +2532,17 @@ static int snd_rme9652_create(struct snd_card *card,
 
 	pci_set_master(rme9652->pci);
 
-	if ((err = snd_rme9652_initialize_memory(rme9652)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_rme9652_initialize_memory(rme9652);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
-	}
 
-	if ((err = snd_rme9652_create_pcm(card, rme9652)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_rme9652_create_pcm(card, rme9652);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
-	}
 
-	if ((err = snd_rme9652_create_controls(card, rme9652)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_rme9652_create_controls(card, rme9652);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
-	}
 
 	snd_rme9652_proc_init(rme9652);
 
diff --git a/sound/pci/sonicvibes.c b/sound/pci/sonicvibes.c
index 7de10997775f..03a48da897e3 100644
--- a/sound/pci/sonicvibes.c
+++ b/sound/pci/sonicvibes.c
@@ -852,7 +852,8 @@ static int snd_sonicvibes_pcm(struct sonicvibes *sonic, int device)
 	struct snd_pcm *pcm;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_new(sonic->card, "s3_86c617", device, 1, 1, &pcm)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_new(sonic->card, "s3_86c617", device, 1, 1, &pcm);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	if (snd_BUG_ON(!pcm))
 		return -EINVAL;
@@ -1093,7 +1094,9 @@ static int snd_sonicvibes_mixer(struct sonicvibes *sonic)
 	strcpy(card->mixername, "S3 SonicVibes");
 
 	for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_sonicvibes_controls); idx++) {
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_sonicvibes_controls[idx], sonic))) < 0)
+		kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_sonicvibes_controls[idx], sonic);
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 		switch (idx) {
 		case 0:
@@ -1226,7 +1229,8 @@ static int snd_sonicvibes_create(struct snd_card *card,
 
 	*rsonic = NULL;
 	/* enable PCI device */
-	if ((err = pci_enable_device(pci)) < 0)
+	err = pci_enable_device(pci);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	/* check, if we can restrict PCI DMA transfers to 24 bits */
 	if (dma_set_mask_and_coherent(&pci->dev, DMA_BIT_MASK(24))) {
@@ -1246,7 +1250,8 @@ static int snd_sonicvibes_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	sonic->pci = pci;
 	sonic->irq = -1;
 
-	if ((err = pci_request_regions(pci, "S3 SonicVibes")) < 0) {
+	err = pci_request_regions(pci, "S3 SonicVibes");
+	if (err < 0) {
 		kfree(sonic);
 		pci_disable_device(pci);
 		return err;
@@ -1289,14 +1294,16 @@ static int snd_sonicvibes_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	pci_write_config_dword(pci, 0x40, dmaa);
 	pci_write_config_dword(pci, 0x48, dmac);
 
-	if ((sonic->res_dmaa = request_region(dmaa, 0x10, "S3 SonicVibes DDMA-A")) == NULL) {
+	sonic->res_dmaa = request_region(dmaa, 0x10, "S3 SonicVibes DDMA-A");
+	if (!sonic->res_dmaa) {
 		snd_sonicvibes_free(sonic);
 		dev_err(card->dev,
 			"unable to grab DDMA-A port at 0x%x-0x%x\n",
 			dmaa, dmaa + 0x10 - 1);
 		return -EBUSY;
 	}
-	if ((sonic->res_dmac = request_region(dmac, 0x10, "S3 SonicVibes DDMA-C")) == NULL) {
+	sonic->res_dmac = request_region(dmac, 0x10, "S3 SonicVibes DDMA-C");
+	if (!sonic->res_dmac) {
 		snd_sonicvibes_free(sonic);
 		dev_err(card->dev,
 			"unable to grab DDMA-C port at 0x%x-0x%x\n",
@@ -1358,7 +1365,8 @@ static int snd_sonicvibes_create(struct snd_card *card,
 #endif
 	sonic->revision = snd_sonicvibes_in(sonic, SV_IREG_REVISION);
 
-	if ((err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, sonic, &ops)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, sonic, &ops);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_sonicvibes_free(sonic);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -1405,9 +1413,11 @@ static int snd_sonicvibes_midi(struct sonicvibes *sonic,
 	mpu->private_data = sonic;
 	mpu->open_input = snd_sonicvibes_midi_input_open;
 	mpu->close_input = snd_sonicvibes_midi_input_close;
-	for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_sonicvibes_midi_controls); idx++)
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_sonicvibes_midi_controls[idx], sonic))) < 0)
+	for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_sonicvibes_midi_controls); idx++) {
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_sonicvibes_midi_controls[idx], sonic));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
+	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -1439,10 +1449,11 @@ static int snd_sonic_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 			return -ENODEV;
 		}
 	}
-	if ((err = snd_sonicvibes_create(card, pci,
-					 reverb[dev] ? 1 : 0,
-					 mge[dev] ? 1 : 0,
-					 &sonic)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_sonicvibes_create(card, pci,
+				    reverb[dev] ? 1 : 0,
+				    mge[dev] ? 1 : 0,
+				    &sonic);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -1455,30 +1466,35 @@ static int snd_sonic_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 		(unsigned long long)pci_resource_start(pci, 1),
 		sonic->irq);
 
-	if ((err = snd_sonicvibes_pcm(sonic, 0)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_sonicvibes_pcm(sonic, 0);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
-	if ((err = snd_sonicvibes_mixer(sonic)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_sonicvibes_mixer(sonic);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
-	if ((err = snd_mpu401_uart_new(card, 0, MPU401_HW_SONICVIBES,
-				       sonic->midi_port,
-				       MPU401_INFO_INTEGRATED |
-				       MPU401_INFO_IRQ_HOOK,
-				       -1, &midi_uart)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_mpu401_uart_new(card, 0, MPU401_HW_SONICVIBES,
+				  sonic->midi_port,
+				  MPU401_INFO_INTEGRATED |
+				  MPU401_INFO_IRQ_HOOK,
+				  -1, &midi_uart);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
 	snd_sonicvibes_midi(sonic, midi_uart);
-	if ((err = snd_opl3_create(card, sonic->synth_port,
-				   sonic->synth_port + 2,
-				   OPL3_HW_OPL3_SV, 1, &opl3)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_opl3_create(card, sonic->synth_port,
+			      sonic->synth_port + 2,
+			      OPL3_HW_OPL3_SV, 1, &opl3);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
-	if ((err = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, 1, NULL)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, 1, NULL);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -1489,7 +1505,8 @@ static int snd_sonic_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 		return err;
 	}
 
-	if ((err = snd_card_register(card)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/pci/trident/trident.c b/sound/pci/trident/trident.c
index a51041205f7c..60e4dca28c2b 100644
--- a/sound/pci/trident/trident.c
+++ b/sound/pci/trident/trident.c
@@ -67,11 +67,12 @@ static int snd_trident_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_trident_create(card, pci,
-				      pcm_channels[dev],
-				      ((pci->vendor << 16) | pci->device) == TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_SI7018 ? 1 : 2,
-				      wavetable_size[dev],
-				      &trident)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_trident_create(card, pci,
+				 pcm_channels[dev],
+				 ((pci->vendor << 16) | pci->device) == TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_SI7018 ? 1 : 2,
+				 wavetable_size[dev],
+				 &trident);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -100,38 +101,44 @@ static int snd_trident_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	sprintf(card->longname, "%s PCI Audio at 0x%lx, irq %d",
 		card->shortname, trident->port, trident->irq);
 
-	if ((err = snd_trident_pcm(trident, pcm_dev++)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_trident_pcm(trident, pcm_dev++);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
 	switch (trident->device) {
 	case TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_DX:
 	case TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_NX:
-		if ((err = snd_trident_foldback_pcm(trident, pcm_dev++)) < 0) {
+		err = snd_trident_foldback_pcm(trident, pcm_dev++);
+		if (err < 0) {
 			snd_card_free(card);
 			return err;
 		}
 		break;
 	}
 	if (trident->device == TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_NX || trident->device == TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_SI7018) {
-		if ((err = snd_trident_spdif_pcm(trident, pcm_dev++)) < 0) {
+		err = snd_trident_spdif_pcm(trident, pcm_dev++);
+		if (err < 0) {
 			snd_card_free(card);
 			return err;
 		}
 	}
-	if (trident->device != TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_SI7018 &&
-	    (err = snd_mpu401_uart_new(card, 0, MPU401_HW_TRID4DWAVE,
-				       trident->midi_port,
-				       MPU401_INFO_INTEGRATED |
-				       MPU401_INFO_IRQ_HOOK,
-				       -1, &trident->rmidi)) < 0) {
-		snd_card_free(card);
-		return err;
+	if (trident->device != TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_SI7018) {
+		err = snd_mpu401_uart_new(card, 0, MPU401_HW_TRID4DWAVE,
+					  trident->midi_port,
+					  MPU401_INFO_INTEGRATED |
+					  MPU401_INFO_IRQ_HOOK,
+					  -1, &trident->rmidi);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			snd_card_free(card);
+			return err;
+		}
 	}
 
 	snd_trident_create_gameport(trident);
 
-	if ((err = snd_card_register(card)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/pci/trident/trident.h b/sound/pci/trident/trident.h
index c7567edbe4c4..c579a44bb9ae 100644
--- a/sound/pci/trident/trident.h
+++ b/sound/pci/trident/trident.h
@@ -251,7 +251,6 @@ struct snd_trident_memblk_arg {
 struct snd_trident_tlb {
 	__le32 *entries;		/* 16k-aligned TLB table */
 	dma_addr_t entries_dmaaddr;	/* 16k-aligned PCI address to TLB table */
-	unsigned long * shadow_entries;	/* shadow entries with virtual addresses */
 	struct snd_dma_buffer buffer;
 	struct snd_util_memhdr * memhdr;	/* page allocation list */
 	struct snd_dma_buffer silent_page;
diff --git a/sound/pci/trident/trident_main.c b/sound/pci/trident/trident_main.c
index 20145143f6a6..cfbca3bd60ed 100644
--- a/sound/pci/trident/trident_main.c
+++ b/sound/pci/trident/trident_main.c
@@ -2119,7 +2119,8 @@ int snd_trident_pcm(struct snd_trident *trident, int device)
 	struct snd_pcm *pcm;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_new(trident->card, "trident_dx_nx", device, trident->ChanPCM, 1, &pcm)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_new(trident->card, "trident_dx_nx", device, trident->ChanPCM, 1, &pcm);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	pcm->private_data = trident;
@@ -2178,7 +2179,8 @@ int snd_trident_foldback_pcm(struct snd_trident *trident, int device)
 
 	if (trident->device == TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_NX)
 		num_chan = 4;
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_new(trident->card, "trident_dx_nx", device, 0, num_chan, &foldback)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_new(trident->card, "trident_dx_nx", device, 0, num_chan, &foldback);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	foldback->private_data = trident;
@@ -2228,7 +2230,8 @@ int snd_trident_spdif_pcm(struct snd_trident *trident, int device)
 	struct snd_pcm *spdif;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_new(trident->card, "trident_dx_nx IEC958", device, 1, 0, &spdif)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_new(trident->card, "trident_dx_nx IEC958", device, 1, 0, &spdif);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	spdif->private_data = trident;
@@ -2921,7 +2924,8 @@ static int snd_trident_mixer(struct snd_trident *trident, int pcm_spdif_device)
 	if (!uctl)
 		return -ENOMEM;
 
-	if ((err = snd_ac97_bus(trident->card, 0, &ops, NULL, &trident->ac97_bus)) < 0)
+	err = snd_ac97_bus(trident->card, 0, &ops, NULL, &trident->ac97_bus);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto __out;
 
 	memset(&_ac97, 0, sizeof(_ac97));
@@ -2929,9 +2933,11 @@ static int snd_trident_mixer(struct snd_trident *trident, int pcm_spdif_device)
 	trident->ac97_detect = 1;
 
       __again:
-	if ((err = snd_ac97_mixer(trident->ac97_bus, &_ac97, &trident->ac97)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_ac97_mixer(trident->ac97_bus, &_ac97, &trident->ac97);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		if (trident->device == TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_SI7018) {
-			if ((err = snd_trident_sis_reset(trident)) < 0)
+			err = snd_trident_sis_reset(trident);
+			if (err < 0)
 				goto __out;
 			if (retries-- > 0)
 				goto __again;
@@ -2962,10 +2968,14 @@ static int snd_trident_mixer(struct snd_trident *trident, int pcm_spdif_device)
 	trident->ac97_detect = 0;
 
 	if (trident->device != TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_SI7018) {
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_trident_vol_wave_control, trident))) < 0)
+		kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_trident_vol_wave_control, trident);
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+		if (err < 0)
 			goto __out;
 		kctl->put(kctl, uctl);
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_trident_vol_music_control, trident))) < 0)
+		kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_trident_vol_music_control, trident);
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+		if (err < 0)
 			goto __out;
 		kctl->put(kctl, uctl);
 		outl(trident->musicvol_wavevol = 0x00000000, TRID_REG(trident, T4D_MUSICVOL_WAVEVOL));
@@ -2979,28 +2989,38 @@ static int snd_trident_mixer(struct snd_trident *trident, int pcm_spdif_device)
 		tmix = &trident->pcm_mixer[idx];
 		tmix->voice = NULL;
 	}
-	if ((trident->ctl_vol = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_trident_pcm_vol_control, trident)) == NULL)
+	trident->ctl_vol = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_trident_pcm_vol_control, trident);
+	if (!trident->ctl_vol)
 		goto __nomem;
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, trident->ctl_vol)))
+	err = snd_ctl_add(card, trident->ctl_vol);
+	if (err)
 		goto __out;
 		
-	if ((trident->ctl_pan = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_trident_pcm_pan_control, trident)) == NULL)
+	trident->ctl_pan = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_trident_pcm_pan_control, trident);
+	if (!trident->ctl_pan)
 		goto __nomem;
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, trident->ctl_pan)))
+	err = snd_ctl_add(card, trident->ctl_pan);
+	if (err)
 		goto __out;
 
-	if ((trident->ctl_rvol = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_trident_pcm_rvol_control, trident)) == NULL)
+	trident->ctl_rvol = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_trident_pcm_rvol_control, trident);
+	if (!trident->ctl_rvol)
 		goto __nomem;
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, trident->ctl_rvol)))
+	err = snd_ctl_add(card, trident->ctl_rvol);
+	if (err)
 		goto __out;
 
-	if ((trident->ctl_cvol = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_trident_pcm_cvol_control, trident)) == NULL)
+	trident->ctl_cvol = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_trident_pcm_cvol_control, trident);
+	if (!trident->ctl_cvol)
 		goto __nomem;
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, trident->ctl_cvol)))
+	err = snd_ctl_add(card, trident->ctl_cvol);
+	if (err)
 		goto __out;
 
 	if (trident->device == TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_NX) {
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_trident_ac97_rear_control, trident))) < 0)
+		kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_trident_ac97_rear_control, trident);
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+		if (err < 0)
 			goto __out;
 		kctl->put(kctl, uctl);
 	}
@@ -3016,7 +3036,8 @@ static int snd_trident_mixer(struct snd_trident *trident, int pcm_spdif_device)
 		if (trident->ac97_sec && (trident->ac97_sec->ext_id & AC97_EI_SPDIF))
 			kctl->id.index++;
 		idx = kctl->id.index;
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl)) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+		if (err < 0)
 			goto __out;
 		kctl->put(kctl, uctl);
 
@@ -3027,7 +3048,8 @@ static int snd_trident_mixer(struct snd_trident *trident, int pcm_spdif_device)
 		}
 		kctl->id.index = idx;
 		kctl->id.device = pcm_spdif_device;
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl)) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+		if (err < 0)
 			goto __out;
 
 		kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_trident_spdif_mask, trident);
@@ -3037,7 +3059,8 @@ static int snd_trident_mixer(struct snd_trident *trident, int pcm_spdif_device)
 		}
 		kctl->id.index = idx;
 		kctl->id.device = pcm_spdif_device;
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl)) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+		if (err < 0)
 			goto __out;
 
 		kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_trident_spdif_stream, trident);
@@ -3047,7 +3070,8 @@ static int snd_trident_mixer(struct snd_trident *trident, int pcm_spdif_device)
 		}
 		kctl->id.index = idx;
 		kctl->id.device = pcm_spdif_device;
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl)) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+		if (err < 0)
 			goto __out;
 		trident->spdif_pcm_ctl = kctl;
 	}
@@ -3307,12 +3331,6 @@ static int snd_trident_tlb_alloc(struct snd_trident *trident)
 	}
 	trident->tlb.entries = (__le32 *)ALIGN((unsigned long)trident->tlb.buffer.area, SNDRV_TRIDENT_MAX_PAGES * 4);
 	trident->tlb.entries_dmaaddr = ALIGN(trident->tlb.buffer.addr, SNDRV_TRIDENT_MAX_PAGES * 4);
-	/* allocate shadow TLB page table (virtual addresses) */
-	trident->tlb.shadow_entries =
-		vmalloc(array_size(SNDRV_TRIDENT_MAX_PAGES,
-				   sizeof(unsigned long)));
-	if (!trident->tlb.shadow_entries)
-		return -ENOMEM;
 
 	/* allocate and setup silent page and initialise TLB entries */
 	if (snd_dma_alloc_pages(SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV, &trident->pci->dev,
@@ -3321,10 +3339,8 @@ static int snd_trident_tlb_alloc(struct snd_trident *trident)
 		return -ENOMEM;
 	}
 	memset(trident->tlb.silent_page.area, 0, SNDRV_TRIDENT_PAGE_SIZE);
-	for (i = 0; i < SNDRV_TRIDENT_MAX_PAGES; i++) {
+	for (i = 0; i < SNDRV_TRIDENT_MAX_PAGES; i++)
 		trident->tlb.entries[i] = cpu_to_le32(trident->tlb.silent_page.addr & ~(SNDRV_TRIDENT_PAGE_SIZE-1));
-		trident->tlb.shadow_entries[i] = (unsigned long)trident->tlb.silent_page.area;
-	}
 
 	/* use emu memory block manager code to manage tlb page allocation */
 	trident->tlb.memhdr = snd_util_memhdr_new(SNDRV_TRIDENT_PAGE_SIZE * SNDRV_TRIDENT_MAX_PAGES);
@@ -3449,7 +3465,8 @@ static int snd_trident_sis_init(struct snd_trident *trident)
 {
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_trident_sis_reset(trident)) < 0)
+	err = snd_trident_sis_reset(trident);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	snd_trident_stop_all_voices(trident);
@@ -3494,7 +3511,8 @@ int snd_trident_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	*rtrident = NULL;
 
 	/* enable PCI device */
-	if ((err = pci_enable_device(pci)) < 0)
+	err = pci_enable_device(pci);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	/* check, if we can restrict PCI DMA transfers to 30 bits */
 	if (dma_set_mask_and_coherent(&pci->dev, DMA_BIT_MASK(30))) {
@@ -3528,7 +3546,8 @@ int snd_trident_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	trident->midi_port = TRID_REG(trident, T4D_MPU401_BASE);
 	pci_set_master(pci);
 
-	if ((err = pci_request_regions(pci, "Trident Audio")) < 0) {
+	err = pci_request_regions(pci, "Trident Audio");
+	if (err < 0) {
 		kfree(trident);
 		pci_disable_device(pci);
 		return err;
@@ -3548,7 +3567,8 @@ int snd_trident_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	trident->tlb.entries = NULL;
 	trident->tlb.buffer.area = NULL;
 	if (trident->device == TRIDENT_DEVICE_ID_NX) {
-		if ((err = snd_trident_tlb_alloc(trident)) < 0) {
+		err = snd_trident_tlb_alloc(trident);
+		if (err < 0) {
 			snd_trident_free(trident);
 			return err;
 		}
@@ -3576,12 +3596,14 @@ int snd_trident_create(struct snd_card *card,
 		return err;
 	}
 
-	if ((err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, trident, &ops)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, trident, &ops);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_trident_free(trident);
 		return err;
 	}
 
-	if ((err = snd_trident_mixer(trident, pcm_spdif_device)) < 0)
+	err = snd_trident_mixer(trident, pcm_spdif_device);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	
 	/* initialise synth voices */
@@ -3635,7 +3657,6 @@ static int snd_trident_free(struct snd_trident *trident)
 		snd_util_memhdr_free(trident->tlb.memhdr);
 		if (trident->tlb.silent_page.area)
 			snd_dma_free_pages(&trident->tlb.silent_page);
-		vfree(trident->tlb.shadow_entries);
 		snd_dma_free_pages(&trident->tlb.buffer);
 	}
 	pci_release_regions(trident->pci);
diff --git a/sound/pci/trident/trident_memory.c b/sound/pci/trident/trident_memory.c
index bb24dbf0530d..4ad3855101c9 100644
--- a/sound/pci/trident/trident_memory.c
+++ b/sound/pci/trident/trident_memory.c
@@ -19,11 +19,8 @@
 /* page arguments of these two macros are Trident page (4096 bytes), not like
  * aligned pages in others
  */
-#define __set_tlb_bus(trident,page,ptr,addr) \
-	do { (trident)->tlb.entries[page] = cpu_to_le32((addr) & ~(SNDRV_TRIDENT_PAGE_SIZE-1)); \
-	     (trident)->tlb.shadow_entries[page] = (ptr); } while (0)
-#define __tlb_to_ptr(trident,page) \
-	(void*)((trident)->tlb.shadow_entries[page])
+#define __set_tlb_bus(trident,page,addr) \
+	(trident)->tlb.entries[page] = cpu_to_le32((addr) & ~(SNDRV_TRIDENT_PAGE_SIZE-1))
 #define __tlb_to_addr(trident,page) \
 	(dma_addr_t)le32_to_cpu((trident->tlb.entries[page]) & ~(SNDRV_TRIDENT_PAGE_SIZE - 1))
 
@@ -32,15 +29,13 @@
 #define ALIGN_PAGE_SIZE		PAGE_SIZE	/* minimum page size for allocation */
 #define MAX_ALIGN_PAGES		SNDRV_TRIDENT_MAX_PAGES	/* maxmium aligned pages */
 /* fill TLB entrie(s) corresponding to page with ptr */
-#define set_tlb_bus(trident,page,ptr,addr) __set_tlb_bus(trident,page,ptr,addr)
+#define set_tlb_bus(trident,page,addr) __set_tlb_bus(trident,page,addr)
 /* fill TLB entrie(s) corresponding to page with silence pointer */
-#define set_silent_tlb(trident,page)	__set_tlb_bus(trident, page, (unsigned long)trident->tlb.silent_page.area, trident->tlb.silent_page.addr)
+#define set_silent_tlb(trident,page)	__set_tlb_bus(trident, page, trident->tlb.silent_page.addr)
 /* get aligned page from offset address */
 #define get_aligned_page(offset)	((offset) >> 12)
 /* get offset address from aligned page */
 #define aligned_page_offset(page)	((page) << 12)
-/* get buffer address from aligned page */
-#define page_to_ptr(trident,page)	__tlb_to_ptr(trident, page)
 /* get PCI physical address from aligned page */
 #define page_to_addr(trident,page)	__tlb_to_addr(trident, page)
 
@@ -50,22 +45,21 @@
 #define MAX_ALIGN_PAGES		(SNDRV_TRIDENT_MAX_PAGES / 2)
 #define get_aligned_page(offset)	((offset) >> 13)
 #define aligned_page_offset(page)	((page) << 13)
-#define page_to_ptr(trident,page)	__tlb_to_ptr(trident, (page) << 1)
 #define page_to_addr(trident,page)	__tlb_to_addr(trident, (page) << 1)
 
 /* fill TLB entries -- we need to fill two entries */
 static inline void set_tlb_bus(struct snd_trident *trident, int page,
-			       unsigned long ptr, dma_addr_t addr)
+			       dma_addr_t addr)
 {
 	page <<= 1;
-	__set_tlb_bus(trident, page, ptr, addr);
-	__set_tlb_bus(trident, page+1, ptr + SNDRV_TRIDENT_PAGE_SIZE, addr + SNDRV_TRIDENT_PAGE_SIZE);
+	__set_tlb_bus(trident, page, addr);
+	__set_tlb_bus(trident, page+1, addr + SNDRV_TRIDENT_PAGE_SIZE);
 }
 static inline void set_silent_tlb(struct snd_trident *trident, int page)
 {
 	page <<= 1;
-	__set_tlb_bus(trident, page, (unsigned long)trident->tlb.silent_page.area, trident->tlb.silent_page.addr);
-	__set_tlb_bus(trident, page+1, (unsigned long)trident->tlb.silent_page.area, trident->tlb.silent_page.addr);
+	__set_tlb_bus(trident, page, trident->tlb.silent_page.addr);
+	__set_tlb_bus(trident, page+1, trident->tlb.silent_page.addr);
 }
 
 #else
@@ -80,18 +74,16 @@ static inline void set_silent_tlb(struct snd_trident *trident, int page)
  */
 #define get_aligned_page(offset)	((offset) / ALIGN_PAGE_SIZE)
 #define aligned_page_offset(page)	((page) * ALIGN_PAGE_SIZE)
-#define page_to_ptr(trident,page)	__tlb_to_ptr(trident, (page) * UNIT_PAGES)
 #define page_to_addr(trident,page)	__tlb_to_addr(trident, (page) * UNIT_PAGES)
 
 /* fill TLB entries -- UNIT_PAGES entries must be filled */
 static inline void set_tlb_bus(struct snd_trident *trident, int page,
-			       unsigned long ptr, dma_addr_t addr)
+			       dma_addr_t addr)
 {
 	int i;
 	page *= UNIT_PAGES;
 	for (i = 0; i < UNIT_PAGES; i++, page++) {
-		__set_tlb_bus(trident, page, ptr, addr);
-		ptr += SNDRV_TRIDENT_PAGE_SIZE;
+		__set_tlb_bus(trident, page, addr);
 		addr += SNDRV_TRIDENT_PAGE_SIZE;
 	}
 }
@@ -100,20 +92,11 @@ static inline void set_silent_tlb(struct snd_trident *trident, int page)
 	int i;
 	page *= UNIT_PAGES;
 	for (i = 0; i < UNIT_PAGES; i++, page++)
-		__set_tlb_bus(trident, page, (unsigned long)trident->tlb.silent_page.area, trident->tlb.silent_page.addr);
+		__set_tlb_bus(trident, page, trident->tlb.silent_page.addr);
 }
 
 #endif /* PAGE_SIZE */
 
-/* calculate buffer pointer from offset address */
-static inline void *offset_ptr(struct snd_trident *trident, int offset)
-{
-	char *ptr;
-	ptr = page_to_ptr(trident, get_aligned_page(offset));
-	ptr += offset % ALIGN_PAGE_SIZE;
-	return (void*)ptr;
-}
-
 /* first and last (aligned) pages of memory block */
 #define firstpg(blk)	(((struct snd_trident_memblk_arg *)snd_util_memblk_argptr(blk))->first_page)
 #define lastpg(blk)	(((struct snd_trident_memblk_arg *)snd_util_memblk_argptr(blk))->last_page)
@@ -201,14 +184,12 @@ snd_trident_alloc_sg_pages(struct snd_trident *trident,
 	for (page = firstpg(blk); page <= lastpg(blk); page++, idx++) {
 		unsigned long ofs = idx << PAGE_SHIFT;
 		dma_addr_t addr = snd_pcm_sgbuf_get_addr(substream, ofs);
-		unsigned long ptr = (unsigned long)
-			snd_pcm_sgbuf_get_ptr(substream, ofs);
 		if (! is_valid_page(addr)) {
 			__snd_util_mem_free(hdr, blk);
 			mutex_unlock(&hdr->block_mutex);
 			return NULL;
 		}
-		set_tlb_bus(trident, page, ptr, addr);
+		set_tlb_bus(trident, page, addr);
 	}
 	mutex_unlock(&hdr->block_mutex);
 	return blk;
@@ -226,7 +207,6 @@ snd_trident_alloc_cont_pages(struct snd_trident *trident,
 	int page;
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
 	dma_addr_t addr;
-	unsigned long ptr;
 
 	if (snd_BUG_ON(runtime->dma_bytes <= 0 ||
 		       runtime->dma_bytes > SNDRV_TRIDENT_MAX_PAGES *
@@ -245,15 +225,14 @@ snd_trident_alloc_cont_pages(struct snd_trident *trident,
 			   
 	/* set TLB entries */
 	addr = runtime->dma_addr;
-	ptr = (unsigned long)runtime->dma_area;
 	for (page = firstpg(blk); page <= lastpg(blk); page++,
-	     ptr += SNDRV_TRIDENT_PAGE_SIZE, addr += SNDRV_TRIDENT_PAGE_SIZE) {
+	     addr += SNDRV_TRIDENT_PAGE_SIZE) {
 		if (! is_valid_page(addr)) {
 			__snd_util_mem_free(hdr, blk);
 			mutex_unlock(&hdr->block_mutex);
 			return NULL;
 		}
-		set_tlb_bus(trident, page, ptr, addr);
+		set_tlb_bus(trident, page, addr);
 	}
 	mutex_unlock(&hdr->block_mutex);
 	return blk;
diff --git a/sound/pci/via82xx.c b/sound/pci/via82xx.c
index fd1f2f9cfbc3..943813a06abc 100644
--- a/sound/pci/via82xx.c
+++ b/sound/pci/via82xx.c
@@ -515,7 +515,8 @@ static int snd_via82xx_codec_ready(struct via82xx *chip, int secondary)
 	
 	while (timeout-- > 0) {
 		udelay(1);
-		if (!((val = snd_via82xx_codec_xread(chip)) & VIA_REG_AC97_BUSY))
+		val = snd_via82xx_codec_xread(chip);
+		if (!(val & VIA_REG_AC97_BUSY))
 			return val & 0xffff;
 	}
 	dev_err(chip->card->dev, "codec_ready: codec %i is not ready [0x%x]\n",
@@ -1023,7 +1024,8 @@ static int snd_via8233_playback_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 	int rate_changed;
 	u32 rbits;
 
-	if ((rate_changed = via_lock_rate(&chip->rates[0], ac97_rate)) < 0)
+	rate_changed = via_lock_rate(&chip->rates[0], ac97_rate);
+	if (rate_changed < 0)
 		return rate_changed;
 	if (rate_changed)
 		snd_ac97_set_rate(chip->ac97, AC97_PCM_FRONT_DAC_RATE,
@@ -1197,7 +1199,8 @@ static int snd_via82xx_pcm_open(struct via82xx *chip, struct viadev *viadev,
 
 	/* we may remove following constaint when we modify table entries
 	   in interrupt */
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_integer(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIODS)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_integer(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIODS);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	if (use_src) {
@@ -1222,7 +1225,8 @@ static int snd_via686_playback_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 	struct viadev *viadev = &chip->devs[chip->playback_devno + substream->number];
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_via82xx_pcm_open(chip, viadev, substream)) < 0)
+	err = snd_via82xx_pcm_open(chip, viadev, substream);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -1238,7 +1242,8 @@ static int snd_via8233_playback_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 	int err;
 
 	viadev = &chip->devs[chip->playback_devno + substream->number];
-	if ((err = snd_via82xx_pcm_open(chip, viadev, substream)) < 0)
+	err = snd_via82xx_pcm_open(chip, viadev, substream);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	stream = viadev->reg_offset / 0x10;
 	if (chip->dxs_controls[stream]) {
@@ -1275,7 +1280,8 @@ static int snd_via8233_multi_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 		.mask = 0,
 	};
 
-	if ((err = snd_via82xx_pcm_open(chip, viadev, substream)) < 0)
+	err = snd_via82xx_pcm_open(chip, viadev, substream);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	substream->runtime->hw.channels_max = 6;
 	if (chip->revision == VIA_REV_8233A)
@@ -1875,7 +1881,8 @@ static int snd_via82xx_mixer_new(struct via82xx *chip, const char *quirk_overrid
 		.wait = snd_via82xx_codec_wait,
 	};
 
-	if ((err = snd_ac97_bus(chip->card, 0, &ops, chip, &chip->ac97_bus)) < 0)
+	err = snd_ac97_bus(chip->card, 0, &ops, chip, &chip->ac97_bus);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	chip->ac97_bus->private_free = snd_via82xx_mixer_free_ac97_bus;
 	chip->ac97_bus->clock = chip->ac97_clock;
@@ -1885,7 +1892,8 @@ static int snd_via82xx_mixer_new(struct via82xx *chip, const char *quirk_overrid
 	ac97.private_free = snd_via82xx_mixer_free_ac97;
 	ac97.pci = chip->pci;
 	ac97.scaps = AC97_SCAP_SKIP_MODEM | AC97_SCAP_POWER_SAVE;
-	if ((err = snd_ac97_mixer(chip->ac97_bus, &ac97, &chip->ac97)) < 0)
+	err = snd_ac97_mixer(chip->ac97_bus, &ac97, &chip->ac97);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	snd_ac97_tune_hardware(chip->ac97, ac97_quirks, quirk_override);
@@ -2054,9 +2062,9 @@ static int snd_via686_init_misc(struct via82xx *chip)
 			break;
 		}
 	}
-	if (mpu_port >= 0x200 &&
-	    (chip->mpu_res = request_region(mpu_port, 2, "VIA82xx MPU401"))
-	    != NULL) {
+	if (mpu_port >= 0x200)
+		chip->mpu_res = request_region(mpu_port, 2, "VIA82xx MPU401");
+	if (chip->mpu_res) {
 		if (rev_h)
 			legacy |= VIA_FUNC_MIDI_PNP;	/* enable PCI I/O 2 */
 		legacy |= VIA_FUNC_ENABLE_MIDI;
@@ -2173,7 +2181,8 @@ static int snd_via82xx_chip_init(struct via82xx *chip)
 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
 	} while (time_before(jiffies, end_time));
 
-	if ((val = snd_via82xx_codec_xread(chip)) & VIA_REG_AC97_BUSY)
+	val = snd_via82xx_codec_xread(chip);
+	if (val & VIA_REG_AC97_BUSY)
 		dev_err(chip->card->dev,
 			"AC'97 codec is not ready [0x%x]\n", val);
 
@@ -2186,7 +2195,8 @@ static int snd_via82xx_chip_init(struct via82xx *chip)
 				 VIA_REG_AC97_SECONDARY_VALID |
 				 (VIA_REG_AC97_CODEC_ID_SECONDARY << VIA_REG_AC97_CODEC_ID_SHIFT));
 	do {
-		if ((val = snd_via82xx_codec_xread(chip)) & VIA_REG_AC97_SECONDARY_VALID) {
+		val = snd_via82xx_codec_xread(chip);
+		if (val & VIA_REG_AC97_SECONDARY_VALID) {
 			chip->ac97_secondary = 1;
 			goto __ac97_ok2;
 		}
@@ -2337,10 +2347,12 @@ static int snd_via82xx_create(struct snd_card *card,
 		.dev_free =	snd_via82xx_dev_free,
         };
 
-	if ((err = pci_enable_device(pci)) < 0)
+	err = pci_enable_device(pci);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
-	if ((chip = kzalloc(sizeof(*chip), GFP_KERNEL)) == NULL) {
+	chip = kzalloc(sizeof(*chip), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!chip) {
 		pci_disable_device(pci);
 		return -ENOMEM;
 	}
@@ -2360,7 +2372,8 @@ static int snd_via82xx_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	pci_write_config_byte(chip->pci, VIA_FUNC_ENABLE,
 			      chip->old_legacy & ~(VIA_FUNC_ENABLE_SB|VIA_FUNC_ENABLE_FM));
 
-	if ((err = pci_request_regions(pci, card->driver)) < 0) {
+	err = pci_request_regions(pci, card->driver);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		kfree(chip);
 		pci_disable_device(pci);
 		return err;
@@ -2380,12 +2393,14 @@ static int snd_via82xx_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	if (ac97_clock >= 8000 && ac97_clock <= 48000)
 		chip->ac97_clock = ac97_clock;
 
-	if ((err = snd_via82xx_chip_init(chip)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_via82xx_chip_init(chip);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_via82xx_free(chip);
 		return err;
 	}
 
-	if ((err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_via82xx_free(chip);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -2541,24 +2556,31 @@ static int snd_via82xx_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 		goto __error;
 	}
 		
-	if ((err = snd_via82xx_create(card, pci, chip_type, pci->revision,
-				      ac97_clock, &chip)) < 0)
+	err = snd_via82xx_create(card, pci, chip_type, pci->revision,
+				 ac97_clock, &chip);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto __error;
 	card->private_data = chip;
-	if ((err = snd_via82xx_mixer_new(chip, ac97_quirk)) < 0)
+	err = snd_via82xx_mixer_new(chip, ac97_quirk);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto __error;
 
 	if (chip_type == TYPE_VIA686) {
-		if ((err = snd_via686_pcm_new(chip)) < 0 ||
-		    (err = snd_via686_init_misc(chip)) < 0)
+		err = snd_via686_pcm_new(chip);
+		if (err < 0)
+			goto __error;
+		err = snd_via686_init_misc(chip);
+		if (err < 0)
 			goto __error;
 	} else {
 		if (chip_type == TYPE_VIA8233A) {
-			if ((err = snd_via8233a_pcm_new(chip)) < 0)
+			err = snd_via8233a_pcm_new(chip);
+			if (err < 0)
 				goto __error;
 			// chip->dxs_fixed = 1; /* FIXME: use 48k for DXS #3? */
 		} else {
-			if ((err = snd_via8233_pcm_new(chip)) < 0)
+			err = snd_via8233_pcm_new(chip);
+			if (err < 0)
 				goto __error;
 			if (dxs_support == VIA_DXS_48K)
 				chip->dxs_fixed = 1;
@@ -2569,7 +2591,8 @@ static int snd_via82xx_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 				chip->dxs_src = 1;
 			}
 		}
-		if ((err = snd_via8233_init_misc(chip)) < 0)
+		err = snd_via8233_init_misc(chip);
+		if (err < 0)
 			goto __error;
 	}
 
@@ -2583,7 +2606,8 @@ static int snd_via82xx_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 
 	snd_via82xx_proc_init(chip);
 
-	if ((err = snd_card_register(card)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/pci/via82xx_modem.c b/sound/pci/via82xx_modem.c
index 30253306f67c..07278a3dc8c1 100644
--- a/sound/pci/via82xx_modem.c
+++ b/sound/pci/via82xx_modem.c
@@ -369,7 +369,8 @@ static int snd_via82xx_codec_ready(struct via82xx_modem *chip, int secondary)
 	
 	while (timeout-- > 0) {
 		udelay(1);
-		if (!((val = snd_via82xx_codec_xread(chip)) & VIA_REG_AC97_BUSY))
+		val = snd_via82xx_codec_xread(chip);
+		if (!(val & VIA_REG_AC97_BUSY))
 			return val & 0xffff;
 	}
 	dev_err(chip->card->dev, "codec_ready: codec %i is not ready [0x%x]\n",
@@ -738,13 +739,15 @@ static int snd_via82xx_modem_pcm_open(struct via82xx_modem *chip, struct viadev
 
 	runtime->hw = snd_via82xx_hw;
 	
-        if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_list(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE,
-					      &hw_constraints_rates)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_list(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE,
+					 &hw_constraints_rates);
+	if (err < 0)
                 return err;
 
 	/* we may remove following constaint when we modify table entries
 	   in interrupt */
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_integer(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIODS)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_integer(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIODS);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	runtime->private_data = viadev;
@@ -878,7 +881,8 @@ static int snd_via82xx_mixer_new(struct via82xx_modem *chip)
 		.wait = snd_via82xx_codec_wait,
 	};
 
-	if ((err = snd_ac97_bus(chip->card, 0, &ops, chip, &chip->ac97_bus)) < 0)
+	err = snd_ac97_bus(chip->card, 0, &ops, chip, &chip->ac97_bus);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	chip->ac97_bus->private_free = snd_via82xx_mixer_free_ac97_bus;
 	chip->ac97_bus->clock = chip->ac97_clock;
@@ -890,7 +894,8 @@ static int snd_via82xx_mixer_new(struct via82xx_modem *chip)
 	ac97.scaps = AC97_SCAP_SKIP_AUDIO | AC97_SCAP_POWER_SAVE;
 	ac97.num = chip->ac97_secondary;
 
-	if ((err = snd_ac97_mixer(chip->ac97_bus, &ac97, &chip->ac97)) < 0)
+	err = snd_ac97_mixer(chip->ac97_bus, &ac97, &chip->ac97);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	return 0;
@@ -971,7 +976,8 @@ static int snd_via82xx_chip_init(struct via82xx_modem *chip)
 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
 	} while (time_before(jiffies, end_time));
 
-	if ((val = snd_via82xx_codec_xread(chip)) & VIA_REG_AC97_BUSY)
+	val = snd_via82xx_codec_xread(chip);
+	if (val & VIA_REG_AC97_BUSY)
 		dev_err(chip->card->dev,
 			"AC'97 codec is not ready [0x%x]\n", val);
 
@@ -983,7 +989,8 @@ static int snd_via82xx_chip_init(struct via82xx_modem *chip)
 				 VIA_REG_AC97_SECONDARY_VALID |
 				 (VIA_REG_AC97_CODEC_ID_SECONDARY << VIA_REG_AC97_CODEC_ID_SHIFT));
 	do {
-		if ((val = snd_via82xx_codec_xread(chip)) & VIA_REG_AC97_SECONDARY_VALID) {
+		val = snd_via82xx_codec_xread(chip);
+		if (val & VIA_REG_AC97_SECONDARY_VALID) {
 			chip->ac97_secondary = 1;
 			goto __ac97_ok2;
 		}
@@ -1079,10 +1086,12 @@ static int snd_via82xx_create(struct snd_card *card,
 		.dev_free =	snd_via82xx_dev_free,
         };
 
-	if ((err = pci_enable_device(pci)) < 0)
+	err = pci_enable_device(pci);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
-	if ((chip = kzalloc(sizeof(*chip), GFP_KERNEL)) == NULL) {
+	chip = kzalloc(sizeof(*chip), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!chip) {
 		pci_disable_device(pci);
 		return -ENOMEM;
 	}
@@ -1092,7 +1101,8 @@ static int snd_via82xx_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	chip->pci = pci;
 	chip->irq = -1;
 
-	if ((err = pci_request_regions(pci, card->driver)) < 0) {
+	err = pci_request_regions(pci, card->driver);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		kfree(chip);
 		pci_disable_device(pci);
 		return err;
@@ -1109,12 +1119,14 @@ static int snd_via82xx_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	if (ac97_clock >= 8000 && ac97_clock <= 48000)
 		chip->ac97_clock = ac97_clock;
 
-	if ((err = snd_via82xx_chip_init(chip)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_via82xx_chip_init(chip);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_via82xx_free(chip);
 		return err;
 	}
 
-	if ((err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_via82xx_free(chip);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -1154,14 +1166,17 @@ static int snd_via82xx_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 		goto __error;
 	}
 		
-	if ((err = snd_via82xx_create(card, pci, chip_type, pci->revision,
-				      ac97_clock, &chip)) < 0)
+	err = snd_via82xx_create(card, pci, chip_type, pci->revision,
+				 ac97_clock, &chip);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto __error;
 	card->private_data = chip;
-	if ((err = snd_via82xx_mixer_new(chip)) < 0)
+	err = snd_via82xx_mixer_new(chip);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto __error;
 
-	if ((err = snd_via686_pcm_new(chip)) < 0 )
+	err = snd_via686_pcm_new(chip);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto __error;
 
 	/* disable interrupts */
@@ -1173,7 +1188,8 @@ static int snd_via82xx_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 
 	snd_via82xx_proc_init(chip);
 
-	if ((err = snd_card_register(card)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/pci/vx222/vx222.c b/sound/pci/vx222/vx222.c
index 2a9e1a77a81a..04c7204cb7bc 100644
--- a/sound/pci/vx222/vx222.c
+++ b/sound/pci/vx222/vx222.c
@@ -133,7 +133,8 @@ static int snd_vx222_create(struct snd_card *card, struct pci_dev *pci,
 	const struct snd_vx_ops *vx_ops;
 
 	/* enable PCI device */
-	if ((err = pci_enable_device(pci)) < 0)
+	err = pci_enable_device(pci);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	pci_set_master(pci);
 
@@ -147,7 +148,8 @@ static int snd_vx222_create(struct snd_card *card, struct pci_dev *pci,
 	vx = to_vx222(chip);
 	vx->pci = pci;
 
-	if ((err = pci_request_regions(pci, CARD_NAME)) < 0) {
+	err = pci_request_regions(pci, CARD_NAME);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_vx222_free(chip);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -164,7 +166,8 @@ static int snd_vx222_create(struct snd_card *card, struct pci_dev *pci,
 	chip->irq = pci->irq;
 	card->sync_irq = chip->irq;
 
-	if ((err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_vx222_free(chip);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -207,7 +210,8 @@ static int snd_vx222_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 			hw = &vx222_v2_hw;
 		break;
 	}
-	if ((err = snd_vx222_create(card, pci, hw, &vx)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_vx222_create(card, pci, hw, &vx);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -223,12 +227,14 @@ static int snd_vx222_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	vx->core.dev = &pci->dev;
 #endif
 
-	if ((err = snd_vx_setup_firmware(&vx->core)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_vx_setup_firmware(&vx->core);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
 
-	if ((err = snd_card_register(card)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/pci/vx222/vx222_ops.c b/sound/pci/vx222/vx222_ops.c
index a05537202738..3e7e928b24f8 100644
--- a/sound/pci/vx222/vx222_ops.c
+++ b/sound/pci/vx222/vx222_ops.c
@@ -408,9 +408,11 @@ static int vx2_load_dsp(struct vx_core *vx, int index, const struct firmware *ds
 	switch (index) {
 	case 1:
 		/* xilinx image */
-		if ((err = vx2_load_xilinx_binary(vx, dsp)) < 0)
+		err = vx2_load_xilinx_binary(vx, dsp);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
-		if ((err = vx2_test_xilinx(vx)) < 0)
+		err = vx2_test_xilinx(vx);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 		return 0;
 	case 2:
@@ -972,9 +974,11 @@ static int vx2_add_mic_controls(struct vx_core *_chip)
 	vx2_set_input_level(chip);
 
 	/* controls */
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(_chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&vx_control_input_level, chip))) < 0)
+	err = snd_ctl_add(_chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&vx_control_input_level, chip));
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(_chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&vx_control_mic_level, chip))) < 0)
+	err = snd_ctl_add(_chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&vx_control_mic_level, chip));
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	return 0;
diff --git a/sound/pci/ymfpci/ymfpci.c b/sound/pci/ymfpci/ymfpci.c
index 99be1490ef0e..7e32d57147ff 100644
--- a/sound/pci/ymfpci/ymfpci.c
+++ b/sound/pci/ymfpci/ymfpci.c
@@ -72,7 +72,8 @@ static int snd_ymfpci_create_gameport(struct snd_ymfpci *chip, int dev,
 
 		if (io_port == 1) {
 			/* auto-detect */
-			if (!(io_port = pci_resource_start(chip->pci, 2)))
+			io_port = pci_resource_start(chip->pci, 2);
+			if (!io_port)
 				return -ENODEV;
 		}
 	} else {
@@ -81,7 +82,8 @@ static int snd_ymfpci_create_gameport(struct snd_ymfpci *chip, int dev,
 			for (io_port = 0x201; io_port <= 0x205; io_port++) {
 				if (io_port == 0x203)
 					continue;
-				if ((r = request_region(io_port, 1, "YMFPCI gameport")) != NULL)
+				r = request_region(io_port, 1, "YMFPCI gameport");
+				if (r)
 					break;
 			}
 			if (!r) {
@@ -102,10 +104,13 @@ static int snd_ymfpci_create_gameport(struct snd_ymfpci *chip, int dev,
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (!r && !(r = request_region(io_port, 1, "YMFPCI gameport"))) {
-		dev_err(chip->card->dev,
-			"joystick port %#x is in use.\n", io_port);
-		return -EBUSY;
+	if (!r) {
+		r = request_region(io_port, 1, "YMFPCI gameport");
+		if (!r) {
+			dev_err(chip->card->dev,
+				"joystick port %#x is in use.\n", io_port);
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
 	}
 
 	chip->gameport = gp = gameport_allocate_port();
@@ -193,8 +198,9 @@ static int snd_card_ymfpci_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 			/* auto-detect */
 			fm_port[dev] = pci_resource_start(pci, 1);
 		}
-		if (fm_port[dev] > 0 &&
-		    (fm_res = request_region(fm_port[dev], 4, "YMFPCI OPL3")) != NULL) {
+		if (fm_port[dev] > 0)
+			fm_res = request_region(fm_port[dev], 4, "YMFPCI OPL3");
+		if (fm_res) {
 			legacy_ctrl |= YMFPCI_LEGACY_FMEN;
 			pci_write_config_word(pci, PCIR_DSXG_FMBASE, fm_port[dev]);
 		}
@@ -202,8 +208,9 @@ static int snd_card_ymfpci_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 			/* auto-detect */
 			mpu_port[dev] = pci_resource_start(pci, 1) + 0x20;
 		}
-		if (mpu_port[dev] > 0 &&
-		    (mpu_res = request_region(mpu_port[dev], 2, "YMFPCI MPU401")) != NULL) {
+		if (mpu_port[dev] > 0)
+			mpu_res = request_region(mpu_port[dev], 2, "YMFPCI MPU401");
+		if (mpu_res) {
 			legacy_ctrl |= YMFPCI_LEGACY_MEN;
 			pci_write_config_word(pci, PCIR_DSXG_MPU401BASE, mpu_port[dev]);
 		}
@@ -215,8 +222,9 @@ static int snd_card_ymfpci_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 		case 0x3a8: legacy_ctrl2 |= 3; break;
 		default: fm_port[dev] = 0; break;
 		}
-		if (fm_port[dev] > 0 &&
-		    (fm_res = request_region(fm_port[dev], 4, "YMFPCI OPL3")) != NULL) {
+		if (fm_port[dev] > 0)
+			fm_res = request_region(fm_port[dev], 4, "YMFPCI OPL3");
+		if (fm_res) {
 			legacy_ctrl |= YMFPCI_LEGACY_FMEN;
 		} else {
 			legacy_ctrl2 &= ~YMFPCI_LEGACY2_FMIO;
@@ -229,8 +237,9 @@ static int snd_card_ymfpci_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 		case 0x334: legacy_ctrl2 |= 3 << 4; break;
 		default: mpu_port[dev] = 0; break;
 		}
-		if (mpu_port[dev] > 0 &&
-		    (mpu_res = request_region(mpu_port[dev], 2, "YMFPCI MPU401")) != NULL) {
+		if (mpu_port[dev] > 0)
+			mpu_res = request_region(mpu_port[dev], 2, "YMFPCI MPU401");
+		if (mpu_res) {
 			legacy_ctrl |= YMFPCI_LEGACY_MEN;
 		} else {
 			legacy_ctrl2 &= ~YMFPCI_LEGACY2_MPUIO;
@@ -244,9 +253,8 @@ static int snd_card_ymfpci_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 	pci_read_config_word(pci, PCIR_DSXG_LEGACY, &old_legacy_ctrl);
 	pci_write_config_word(pci, PCIR_DSXG_LEGACY, legacy_ctrl);
 	pci_write_config_word(pci, PCIR_DSXG_ELEGACY, legacy_ctrl2);
-	if ((err = snd_ymfpci_create(card, pci,
-				     old_legacy_ctrl,
-			 	     &chip)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_ymfpci_create(card, pci, old_legacy_ctrl, &chip);
+	if (err  < 0) {
 		release_and_free_resource(mpu_res);
 		release_and_free_resource(fm_res);
 		goto free_card;
@@ -287,11 +295,12 @@ static int snd_card_ymfpci_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 		goto free_card;
 
 	if (chip->mpu_res) {
-		if ((err = snd_mpu401_uart_new(card, 0, MPU401_HW_YMFPCI,
-					       mpu_port[dev],
-					       MPU401_INFO_INTEGRATED |
-					       MPU401_INFO_IRQ_HOOK,
-					       -1, &chip->rawmidi)) < 0) {
+		err = snd_mpu401_uart_new(card, 0, MPU401_HW_YMFPCI,
+					  mpu_port[dev],
+					  MPU401_INFO_INTEGRATED |
+					  MPU401_INFO_IRQ_HOOK,
+					  -1, &chip->rawmidi);
+		if (err < 0) {
 			dev_warn(card->dev,
 				 "cannot initialize MPU401 at 0x%lx, skipping...\n",
 				 mpu_port[dev]);
@@ -300,18 +309,22 @@ static int snd_card_ymfpci_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
 		}
 	}
 	if (chip->fm_res) {
-		if ((err = snd_opl3_create(card,
-					   fm_port[dev],
-					   fm_port[dev] + 2,
-					   OPL3_HW_OPL3, 1, &opl3)) < 0) {
+		err = snd_opl3_create(card,
+				      fm_port[dev],
+				      fm_port[dev] + 2,
+				      OPL3_HW_OPL3, 1, &opl3);
+		if (err < 0) {
 			dev_warn(card->dev,
 				 "cannot initialize FM OPL3 at 0x%lx, skipping...\n",
 				 fm_port[dev]);
 			legacy_ctrl &= ~YMFPCI_LEGACY_FMEN;
 			pci_write_config_word(pci, PCIR_DSXG_LEGACY, legacy_ctrl);
-		} else if ((err = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, 1, NULL)) < 0) {
-			dev_err(card->dev, "cannot create opl3 hwdep\n");
-			goto free_card;
+		} else {
+			err = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, 1, NULL);
+			if (err < 0) {
+				dev_err(card->dev, "cannot create opl3 hwdep\n");
+				goto free_card;
+			}
 		}
 	}
 
diff --git a/sound/pci/ymfpci/ymfpci_main.c b/sound/pci/ymfpci/ymfpci_main.c
index cacc6a9d14c8..8fd060769882 100644
--- a/sound/pci/ymfpci/ymfpci_main.c
+++ b/sound/pci/ymfpci/ymfpci_main.c
@@ -292,7 +292,8 @@ static void snd_ymfpci_pcm_interrupt(struct snd_ymfpci *chip, struct snd_ymfpci_
 	struct snd_ymfpci_pcm *ypcm;
 	u32 pos, delta;
 	
-	if ((ypcm = voice->ypcm) == NULL)
+	ypcm = voice->ypcm;
+	if (!ypcm)
 		return;
 	if (ypcm->substream == NULL)
 		return;
@@ -628,7 +629,8 @@ static int snd_ymfpci_playback_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
 	struct snd_ymfpci_pcm *ypcm = runtime->private_data;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_ymfpci_pcm_voice_alloc(ypcm, params_channels(hw_params))) < 0)
+	err = snd_ymfpci_pcm_voice_alloc(ypcm, params_channels(hw_params));
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -932,7 +934,8 @@ static int snd_ymfpci_playback_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 	struct snd_ymfpci_pcm *ypcm;
 	int err;
 	
-	if ((err = snd_ymfpci_playback_open_1(substream)) < 0)
+	err = snd_ymfpci_playback_open_1(substream);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	ypcm = runtime->private_data;
 	ypcm->output_front = 1;
@@ -954,7 +957,8 @@ static int snd_ymfpci_playback_spdif_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 	struct snd_ymfpci_pcm *ypcm;
 	int err;
 	
-	if ((err = snd_ymfpci_playback_open_1(substream)) < 0)
+	err = snd_ymfpci_playback_open_1(substream);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	ypcm = runtime->private_data;
 	ypcm->output_front = 0;
@@ -982,7 +986,8 @@ static int snd_ymfpci_playback_4ch_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 	struct snd_ymfpci_pcm *ypcm;
 	int err;
 	
-	if ((err = snd_ymfpci_playback_open_1(substream)) < 0)
+	err = snd_ymfpci_playback_open_1(substream);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	ypcm = runtime->private_data;
 	ypcm->output_front = 0;
@@ -1124,7 +1129,8 @@ int snd_ymfpci_pcm(struct snd_ymfpci *chip, int device)
 	struct snd_pcm *pcm;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_new(chip->card, "YMFPCI", device, 32, 1, &pcm)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_new(chip->card, "YMFPCI", device, 32, 1, &pcm);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	pcm->private_data = chip;
 
@@ -1157,7 +1163,8 @@ int snd_ymfpci_pcm2(struct snd_ymfpci *chip, int device)
 	struct snd_pcm *pcm;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_new(chip->card, "YMFPCI - PCM2", device, 0, 1, &pcm)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_new(chip->card, "YMFPCI - PCM2", device, 0, 1, &pcm);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	pcm->private_data = chip;
 
@@ -1190,7 +1197,8 @@ int snd_ymfpci_pcm_spdif(struct snd_ymfpci *chip, int device)
 	struct snd_pcm *pcm;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_new(chip->card, "YMFPCI - IEC958", device, 1, 0, &pcm)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_new(chip->card, "YMFPCI - IEC958", device, 1, 0, &pcm);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	pcm->private_data = chip;
 
@@ -1230,7 +1238,8 @@ int snd_ymfpci_pcm_4ch(struct snd_ymfpci *chip, int device)
 	struct snd_pcm *pcm;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_new(chip->card, "YMFPCI - Rear", device, 1, 0, &pcm)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_new(chip->card, "YMFPCI - Rear", device, 1, 0, &pcm);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	pcm->private_data = chip;
 
@@ -1785,7 +1794,8 @@ int snd_ymfpci_mixer(struct snd_ymfpci *chip, int rear_switch)
 		.read = snd_ymfpci_codec_read,
 	};
 
-	if ((err = snd_ac97_bus(chip->card, 0, &ops, chip, &chip->ac97_bus)) < 0)
+	err = snd_ac97_bus(chip->card, 0, &ops, chip, &chip->ac97_bus);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	chip->ac97_bus->private_free = snd_ymfpci_mixer_free_ac97_bus;
 	chip->ac97_bus->no_vra = 1; /* YMFPCI doesn't need VRA */
@@ -1793,7 +1803,8 @@ int snd_ymfpci_mixer(struct snd_ymfpci *chip, int rear_switch)
 	memset(&ac97, 0, sizeof(ac97));
 	ac97.private_data = chip;
 	ac97.private_free = snd_ymfpci_mixer_free_ac97;
-	if ((err = snd_ac97_mixer(chip->ac97_bus, &ac97, &chip->ac97)) < 0)
+	err = snd_ac97_mixer(chip->ac97_bus, &ac97, &chip->ac97);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	/* to be sure */
@@ -1801,7 +1812,8 @@ int snd_ymfpci_mixer(struct snd_ymfpci *chip, int rear_switch)
 			     AC97_EA_VRA|AC97_EA_VRM, 0);
 
 	for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ymfpci_controls); idx++) {
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_ymfpci_controls[idx], chip))) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_ymfpci_controls[idx], chip));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 	if (chip->ac97->ext_id & AC97_EI_SDAC) {
@@ -1814,27 +1826,37 @@ int snd_ymfpci_mixer(struct snd_ymfpci *chip, int rear_switch)
 	/* add S/PDIF control */
 	if (snd_BUG_ON(!chip->pcm_spdif))
 		return -ENXIO;
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_ymfpci_spdif_default, chip))) < 0)
+	kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_ymfpci_spdif_default, chip);
+	err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, kctl);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	kctl->id.device = chip->pcm_spdif->device;
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_ymfpci_spdif_mask, chip))) < 0)
+	kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_ymfpci_spdif_mask, chip);
+	err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, kctl);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	kctl->id.device = chip->pcm_spdif->device;
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_ymfpci_spdif_stream, chip))) < 0)
+	kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_ymfpci_spdif_stream, chip);
+	err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, kctl);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	kctl->id.device = chip->pcm_spdif->device;
 	chip->spdif_pcm_ctl = kctl;
 
 	/* direct recording source */
-	if (chip->device_id == PCI_DEVICE_ID_YAMAHA_754 &&
-	    (err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_ymfpci_drec_source, chip))) < 0)
-		return err;
+	if (chip->device_id == PCI_DEVICE_ID_YAMAHA_754) {
+		kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_ymfpci_drec_source, chip);
+		err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, kctl);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
 
 	/*
 	 * shared rear/line-in
 	 */
 	if (rear_switch) {
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_ymfpci_rear_shared, chip))) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_ymfpci_rear_shared, chip));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 
@@ -1847,7 +1869,8 @@ int snd_ymfpci_mixer(struct snd_ymfpci *chip, int rear_switch)
 		kctl->id.device = chip->pcm->device;
 		kctl->id.subdevice = idx;
 		kctl->private_value = (unsigned long)substream;
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, kctl)) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, kctl);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 		chip->pcm_mixer[idx].left = 0x8000;
 		chip->pcm_mixer[idx].right = 0x8000;
@@ -1928,7 +1951,8 @@ int snd_ymfpci_timer(struct snd_ymfpci *chip, int device)
 	tid.card = chip->card->number;
 	tid.device = device;
 	tid.subdevice = 0;
-	if ((err = snd_timer_new(chip->card, "YMFPCI", &tid, &timer)) >= 0) {
+	err = snd_timer_new(chip->card, "YMFPCI", &tid, &timer);
+	if (err >= 0) {
 		strcpy(timer->name, "YMFPCI timer");
 		timer->private_data = chip;
 		timer->hw = snd_ymfpci_timer_hw;
@@ -2334,7 +2358,8 @@ int snd_ymfpci_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	*rchip = NULL;
 
 	/* enable PCI device */
-	if ((err = pci_enable_device(pci)) < 0)
+	err = pci_enable_device(pci);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	chip = kzalloc(sizeof(*chip), GFP_KERNEL);
@@ -2357,7 +2382,8 @@ int snd_ymfpci_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	pci_set_master(pci);
 	chip->src441_used = -1;
 
-	if ((chip->res_reg_area = request_mem_region(chip->reg_area_phys, 0x8000, "YMFPCI")) == NULL) {
+	chip->res_reg_area = request_mem_region(chip->reg_area_phys, 0x8000, "YMFPCI");
+	if (!chip->res_reg_area) {
 		dev_err(chip->card->dev,
 			"unable to grab memory region 0x%lx-0x%lx\n",
 			chip->reg_area_phys, chip->reg_area_phys + 0x8000 - 1);
diff --git a/sound/pcmcia/pdaudiocf/pdaudiocf.c b/sound/pcmcia/pdaudiocf/pdaudiocf.c
index 144582350a05..8363ec08df5d 100644
--- a/sound/pcmcia/pdaudiocf/pdaudiocf.c
+++ b/sound/pcmcia/pdaudiocf/pdaudiocf.c
@@ -170,7 +170,8 @@ static int snd_pdacf_assign_resources(struct snd_pdacf *pdacf, int port, int irq
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_card_register(card)) < 0)
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	return 0;
diff --git a/sound/pcmcia/vx/vxp_mixer.c b/sound/pcmcia/vx/vxp_mixer.c
index 0f59e4cca56d..bc2114475810 100644
--- a/sound/pcmcia/vx/vxp_mixer.c
+++ b/sound/pcmcia/vx/vxp_mixer.c
@@ -124,11 +124,13 @@ int vxp_add_mic_controls(struct vx_core *_chip)
 	/* mic level */
 	switch (_chip->type) {
 	case VX_TYPE_VXPOCKET:
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(_chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&vx_control_mic_level, chip))) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(_chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&vx_control_mic_level, chip));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 		break;
 	case VX_TYPE_VXP440:
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(_chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&vx_control_mic_boost, chip))) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(_chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&vx_control_mic_boost, chip));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 		break;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/pcmcia/vx/vxp_ops.c b/sound/pcmcia/vx/vxp_ops.c
index 45eeb0f57d59..4176abd73799 100644
--- a/sound/pcmcia/vx/vxp_ops.c
+++ b/sound/pcmcia/vx/vxp_ops.c
@@ -237,9 +237,11 @@ static int vxp_load_dsp(struct vx_core *vx, int index, const struct firmware *fw
 	switch (index) {
 	case 0:
 		/* xilinx boot */
-		if ((err = vx_check_magic(vx)) < 0)
+		err = vx_check_magic(vx);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
-		if ((err = snd_vx_load_boot_image(vx, fw)) < 0)
+		err = snd_vx_load_boot_image(vx, fw);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 		return 0;
 	case 1:
diff --git a/sound/pcmcia/vx/vxpocket.c b/sound/pcmcia/vx/vxpocket.c
index 636320489805..0dfb6a943b60 100644
--- a/sound/pcmcia/vx/vxpocket.c
+++ b/sound/pcmcia/vx/vxpocket.c
@@ -183,7 +183,8 @@ static int snd_vxpocket_assign_resources(struct vx_core *chip, int port, int irq
 	chip->irq = irq;
 	card->sync_irq = chip->irq;
 
-	if ((err = snd_vx_setup_firmware(chip)) < 0)
+	err = snd_vx_setup_firmware(chip);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	return 0;
diff --git a/sound/ppc/beep.c b/sound/ppc/beep.c
index 6bc586a5db0f..0f4bce1c0d4f 100644
--- a/sound/ppc/beep.c
+++ b/sound/ppc/beep.c
@@ -105,7 +105,10 @@ static int snd_pmac_beep_event(struct input_dev *dev, unsigned int type,
 	}
 
 	chip = input_get_drvdata(dev);
-	if (! chip || (beep = chip->beep) == NULL)
+	if (!chip)
+		return -1;
+	beep = chip->beep;
+	if (!beep)
 		return -1;
 
 	if (! hz) {
diff --git a/sound/ppc/daca.c b/sound/ppc/daca.c
index 1eb698dafd93..4da9278dd58a 100644
--- a/sound/ppc/daca.c
+++ b/sound/ppc/daca.c
@@ -84,7 +84,8 @@ static int daca_get_deemphasis(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
 {
 	struct snd_pmac *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
 	struct pmac_daca *mix;
-	if (! (mix = chip->mixer_data))
+	mix = chip->mixer_data;
+	if (!mix)
 		return -ENODEV;
 	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = mix->deemphasis ? 1 : 0;
 	return 0;
@@ -97,7 +98,8 @@ static int daca_put_deemphasis(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
 	struct pmac_daca *mix;
 	int change;
 
-	if (! (mix = chip->mixer_data))
+	mix = chip->mixer_data;
+	if (!mix)
 		return -ENODEV;
 	change = mix->deemphasis != ucontrol->value.integer.value[0];
 	if (change) {
@@ -123,7 +125,8 @@ static int daca_get_volume(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
 {
 	struct snd_pmac *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
 	struct pmac_daca *mix;
-	if (! (mix = chip->mixer_data))
+	mix = chip->mixer_data;
+	if (!mix)
 		return -ENODEV;
 	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = mix->left_vol;
 	ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] = mix->right_vol;
@@ -138,7 +141,8 @@ static int daca_put_volume(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
 	unsigned int vol[2];
 	int change;
 
-	if (! (mix = chip->mixer_data))
+	mix = chip->mixer_data;
+	if (!mix)
 		return -ENODEV;
 	vol[0] = ucontrol->value.integer.value[0];
 	vol[1] = ucontrol->value.integer.value[1];
@@ -162,7 +166,8 @@ static int daca_get_amp(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
 {
 	struct snd_pmac *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
 	struct pmac_daca *mix;
-	if (! (mix = chip->mixer_data))
+	mix = chip->mixer_data;
+	if (!mix)
 		return -ENODEV;
 	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = mix->amp_on ? 1 : 0;
 	return 0;
@@ -175,7 +180,8 @@ static int daca_put_amp(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
 	struct pmac_daca *mix;
 	int change;
 
-	if (! (mix = chip->mixer_data))
+	mix = chip->mixer_data;
+	if (!mix)
 		return -ENODEV;
 	change = mix->amp_on != ucontrol->value.integer.value[0];
 	if (change) {
@@ -248,7 +254,8 @@ int snd_pmac_daca_init(struct snd_pmac *chip)
 	mix->i2c.addr = DACA_I2C_ADDR;
 	mix->i2c.init_client = daca_init_client;
 	mix->i2c.name = "DACA";
-	if ((err = snd_pmac_keywest_init(&mix->i2c)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pmac_keywest_init(&mix->i2c);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	/*
@@ -257,7 +264,8 @@ int snd_pmac_daca_init(struct snd_pmac *chip)
 	strcpy(chip->card->mixername, "PowerMac DACA");
 
 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(daca_mixers); i++) {
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&daca_mixers[i], chip))) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&daca_mixers[i], chip));
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 
diff --git a/sound/ppc/keywest.c b/sound/ppc/keywest.c
index a8915100d6bb..6e5daae18f9d 100644
--- a/sound/ppc/keywest.c
+++ b/sound/ppc/keywest.c
@@ -114,7 +114,8 @@ int snd_pmac_tumbler_post_init(void)
 	if (!keywest_ctx || !keywest_ctx->client)
 		return -ENXIO;
 
-	if ((err = keywest_ctx->init_client(keywest_ctx)) < 0) {
+	err = keywest_ctx->init_client(keywest_ctx);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "tumbler: %i :cannot initialize the MCS\n", err);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -136,7 +137,8 @@ int snd_pmac_keywest_init(struct pmac_keywest *i2c)
 
 	keywest_ctx = i2c;
 
-	if ((err = i2c_add_driver(&keywest_driver))) {
+	err = i2c_add_driver(&keywest_driver);
+	if (err) {
 		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "cannot register keywest i2c driver\n");
 		i2c_put_adapter(adap);
 		return err;
diff --git a/sound/ppc/pmac.c b/sound/ppc/pmac.c
index 2e750b317be1..84058bbf9d12 100644
--- a/sound/ppc/pmac.c
+++ b/sound/ppc/pmac.c
@@ -1160,7 +1160,8 @@ int snd_pmac_new(struct snd_card *card, struct snd_pmac **chip_return)
 	chip->playback.stream = SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK;
 	chip->capture.stream = SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE;
 
-	if ((err = snd_pmac_detect(chip)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pmac_detect(chip);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto __error;
 
 	if (snd_pmac_dbdma_alloc(chip, &chip->playback.cmd, PMAC_MAX_FRAGS + 1) < 0 ||
@@ -1299,7 +1300,8 @@ int snd_pmac_new(struct snd_card *card, struct snd_pmac **chip_return)
 	/* Reset dbdma channels */
 	snd_pmac_dbdma_reset(chip);
 
-	if ((err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops)) < 0)
+	err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto __error;
 
 	*chip_return = chip;
diff --git a/sound/ppc/powermac.c b/sound/ppc/powermac.c
index 9fb51ebafde1..db414b61157e 100644
--- a/sound/ppc/powermac.c
+++ b/sound/ppc/powermac.c
@@ -48,7 +48,8 @@ static int snd_pmac_probe(struct platform_device *devptr)
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_pmac_new(card, &chip)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pmac_new(card, &chip);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto __error;
 	card->private_data = chip;
 
@@ -58,7 +59,8 @@ static int snd_pmac_probe(struct platform_device *devptr)
 		strcpy(card->shortname, "PowerMac Burgundy");
 		sprintf(card->longname, "%s (Dev %d) Sub-frame %d",
 			card->shortname, chip->device_id, chip->subframe);
-		if ((err = snd_pmac_burgundy_init(chip)) < 0)
+		err = snd_pmac_burgundy_init(chip);
+		if (err < 0)
 			goto __error;
 		break;
 	case PMAC_DACA:
@@ -66,7 +68,8 @@ static int snd_pmac_probe(struct platform_device *devptr)
 		strcpy(card->shortname, "PowerMac DACA");
 		sprintf(card->longname, "%s (Dev %d) Sub-frame %d",
 			card->shortname, chip->device_id, chip->subframe);
-		if ((err = snd_pmac_daca_init(chip)) < 0)
+		err = snd_pmac_daca_init(chip);
+		if (err < 0)
 			goto __error;
 		break;
 	case PMAC_TUMBLER:
@@ -76,7 +79,11 @@ static int snd_pmac_probe(struct platform_device *devptr)
 		sprintf(card->shortname, "PowerMac %s", name_ext);
 		sprintf(card->longname, "%s (Dev %d) Sub-frame %d",
 			card->shortname, chip->device_id, chip->subframe);
-		if ( snd_pmac_tumbler_init(chip) < 0 || snd_pmac_tumbler_post_init() < 0)
+		err = snd_pmac_tumbler_init(chip);
+		if (err < 0)
+			goto __error;
+		err = snd_pmac_tumbler_post_init();
+		if (err < 0)
 			goto __error;
 		break;
 	case PMAC_AWACS:
@@ -92,7 +99,8 @@ static int snd_pmac_probe(struct platform_device *devptr)
 			name_ext = "";
 		sprintf(card->longname, "%s%s Rev %d",
 			card->shortname, name_ext, chip->revision);
-		if ((err = snd_pmac_awacs_init(chip)) < 0)
+		err = snd_pmac_awacs_init(chip);
+		if (err < 0)
 			goto __error;
 		break;
 	default:
@@ -101,14 +109,16 @@ static int snd_pmac_probe(struct platform_device *devptr)
 		goto __error;
 	}
 
-	if ((err = snd_pmac_pcm_new(chip)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pmac_pcm_new(chip);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto __error;
 
 	chip->initialized = 1;
 	if (enable_beep)
 		snd_pmac_attach_beep(chip);
 
-	if ((err = snd_card_register(card)) < 0)
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto __error;
 
 	platform_set_drvdata(devptr, card);
@@ -162,7 +172,8 @@ static int __init alsa_card_pmac_init(void)
 {
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = platform_driver_register(&snd_pmac_driver)) < 0)
+	err = platform_driver_register(&snd_pmac_driver);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	device = platform_device_register_simple(SND_PMAC_DRIVER, -1, NULL, 0);
 	return 0;
diff --git a/sound/ppc/tumbler.c b/sound/ppc/tumbler.c
index 6e5bdaa262b0..c65e74d7cd0a 100644
--- a/sound/ppc/tumbler.c
+++ b/sound/ppc/tumbler.c
@@ -402,7 +402,8 @@ static int tumbler_get_drc_value(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
 {
 	struct snd_pmac *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
 	struct pmac_tumbler *mix;
-	if (! (mix = chip->mixer_data))
+	mix = chip->mixer_data;
+	if (!mix)
 		return -ENODEV;
 	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = mix->drc_range;
 	return 0;
@@ -416,7 +417,8 @@ static int tumbler_put_drc_value(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
 	unsigned int val;
 	int change;
 
-	if (! (mix = chip->mixer_data))
+	mix = chip->mixer_data;
+	if (!mix)
 		return -ENODEV;
 	val = ucontrol->value.integer.value[0];
 	if (chip->model == PMAC_TUMBLER) {
@@ -442,7 +444,8 @@ static int tumbler_get_drc_switch(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
 {
 	struct snd_pmac *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
 	struct pmac_tumbler *mix;
-	if (! (mix = chip->mixer_data))
+	mix = chip->mixer_data;
+	if (!mix)
 		return -ENODEV;
 	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = mix->drc_enable;
 	return 0;
@@ -455,7 +458,8 @@ static int tumbler_put_drc_switch(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
 	struct pmac_tumbler *mix;
 	int change;
 
-	if (! (mix = chip->mixer_data))
+	mix = chip->mixer_data;
+	if (!mix)
 		return -ENODEV;
 	change = mix->drc_enable != ucontrol->value.integer.value[0];
 	if (change) {
@@ -524,7 +528,8 @@ static int tumbler_get_mono(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
 	struct tumbler_mono_vol *info = (struct tumbler_mono_vol *)kcontrol->private_value;
 	struct snd_pmac *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
 	struct pmac_tumbler *mix;
-	if (! (mix = chip->mixer_data))
+	mix = chip->mixer_data;
+	if (!mix)
 		return -ENODEV;
 	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = mix->mono_vol[info->index];
 	return 0;
@@ -539,7 +544,8 @@ static int tumbler_put_mono(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
 	unsigned int vol;
 	int change;
 
-	if (! (mix = chip->mixer_data))
+	mix = chip->mixer_data;
+	if (!mix)
 		return -ENODEV;
 	vol = ucontrol->value.integer.value[0];
 	if (vol >= info->max)
@@ -669,7 +675,8 @@ static int snapper_get_mix(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
 	int idx = (int)kcontrol->private_value;
 	struct snd_pmac *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
 	struct pmac_tumbler *mix;
-	if (! (mix = chip->mixer_data))
+	mix = chip->mixer_data;
+	if (!mix)
 		return -ENODEV;
 	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = mix->mix_vol[idx][0];
 	ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] = mix->mix_vol[idx][1];
@@ -685,7 +692,8 @@ static int snapper_put_mix(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
 	unsigned int vol[2];
 	int change;
 
-	if (! (mix = chip->mixer_data))
+	mix = chip->mixer_data;
+	if (!mix)
 		return -ENODEV;
 	vol[0] = ucontrol->value.integer.value[0];
 	vol[1] = ucontrol->value.integer.value[1];
@@ -716,7 +724,8 @@ static int tumbler_get_mute_switch(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
 	struct snd_pmac *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
 	struct pmac_tumbler *mix;
 	struct pmac_gpio *gp;
-	if (! (mix = chip->mixer_data))
+	mix = chip->mixer_data;
+	if (!mix)
 		return -ENODEV;
 	switch(kcontrol->private_value) {
 	case TUMBLER_MUTE_HP:
@@ -745,7 +754,8 @@ static int tumbler_put_mute_switch(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
 	if (chip->update_automute && chip->auto_mute)
 		return 0; /* don't touch in the auto-mute mode */
 #endif	
-	if (! (mix = chip->mixer_data))
+	mix = chip->mixer_data;
+	if (!mix)
 		return -ENODEV;
 	switch(kcontrol->private_value) {
 	case TUMBLER_MUTE_HP:
@@ -1361,7 +1371,8 @@ int snd_pmac_tumbler_init(struct snd_pmac *chip)
 			break;
 		}
 	}
-	if ((err = tumbler_init(chip)) < 0)
+	err = tumbler_init(chip);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	/* set up TAS */
@@ -1392,7 +1403,8 @@ int snd_pmac_tumbler_init(struct snd_pmac *chip)
 		chipname = "Snapper";
 	}
 
-	if ((err = snd_pmac_keywest_init(&mix->i2c)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pmac_keywest_init(&mix->i2c);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	/*
@@ -1402,28 +1414,34 @@ int snd_pmac_tumbler_init(struct snd_pmac *chip)
 
 	if (chip->model == PMAC_TUMBLER) {
 		for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(tumbler_mixers); i++) {
-			if ((err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&tumbler_mixers[i], chip))) < 0)
+			err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&tumbler_mixers[i], chip));
+			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
 		}
 	} else {
 		for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(snapper_mixers); i++) {
-			if ((err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snapper_mixers[i], chip))) < 0)
+			err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snapper_mixers[i], chip));
+			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
 		}
 	}
 	chip->master_sw_ctl = snd_ctl_new1(&tumbler_hp_sw, chip);
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, chip->master_sw_ctl)) < 0)
+	err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, chip->master_sw_ctl);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	chip->speaker_sw_ctl = snd_ctl_new1(&tumbler_speaker_sw, chip);
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, chip->speaker_sw_ctl)) < 0)
+	err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, chip->speaker_sw_ctl);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	if (mix->line_mute.addr != 0) {
 		chip->lineout_sw_ctl = snd_ctl_new1(&tumbler_lineout_sw, chip);
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, chip->lineout_sw_ctl)) < 0)
+		err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, chip->lineout_sw_ctl);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 	chip->drc_sw_ctl = snd_ctl_new1(&tumbler_drc_sw, chip);
-	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, chip->drc_sw_ctl)) < 0)
+	err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, chip->drc_sw_ctl);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	/* set initial DRC range to 60% */
@@ -1446,9 +1464,11 @@ int snd_pmac_tumbler_init(struct snd_pmac *chip)
 	device_change_chip = chip;
 
 #ifdef PMAC_SUPPORT_AUTOMUTE
-	if ((mix->headphone_irq >=0 || mix->lineout_irq >= 0)
-	    && (err = snd_pmac_add_automute(chip)) < 0)
-		return err;
+	if (mix->headphone_irq >= 0 || mix->lineout_irq >= 0) {
+		err = snd_pmac_add_automute(chip);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
 	chip->detect_headphone = tumbler_detect_headphone;
 	chip->update_automute = tumbler_update_automute;
 	tumbler_update_automute(chip, 0); /* update the status only */
@@ -1456,8 +1476,9 @@ int snd_pmac_tumbler_init(struct snd_pmac *chip)
 	/* activate headphone status interrupts */
   	if (mix->headphone_irq >= 0) {
 		unsigned char val;
-		if ((err = request_irq(mix->headphone_irq, headphone_intr, 0,
-				       "Sound Headphone Detection", chip)) < 0)
+		err = request_irq(mix->headphone_irq, headphone_intr, 0,
+				  "Sound Headphone Detection", chip);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return 0;
 		/* activate headphone status interrupts */
 		val = do_gpio_read(&mix->hp_detect);
@@ -1465,8 +1486,9 @@ int snd_pmac_tumbler_init(struct snd_pmac *chip)
 	}
   	if (mix->lineout_irq >= 0) {
 		unsigned char val;
-		if ((err = request_irq(mix->lineout_irq, headphone_intr, 0,
-				       "Sound Lineout Detection", chip)) < 0)
+		err = request_irq(mix->lineout_irq, headphone_intr, 0,
+				  "Sound Lineout Detection", chip);
+		if (err < 0)
 			return 0;
 		/* activate headphone status interrupts */
 		val = do_gpio_read(&mix->line_detect);
diff --git a/sound/soc/atmel/atmel-i2s.c b/sound/soc/atmel/atmel-i2s.c
index 584656cc7d3c..e5c4625b7771 100644
--- a/sound/soc/atmel/atmel-i2s.c
+++ b/sound/soc/atmel/atmel-i2s.c
@@ -200,6 +200,7 @@ struct atmel_i2s_dev {
 	unsigned int				fmt;
 	const struct atmel_i2s_gck_param	*gck_param;
 	const struct atmel_i2s_caps		*caps;
+	int					clk_use_no;
 };
 
 static irqreturn_t atmel_i2s_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id)
@@ -321,9 +322,16 @@ static int atmel_i2s_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
 {
 	struct atmel_i2s_dev *dev = snd_soc_dai_get_drvdata(dai);
 	bool is_playback = (substream->stream == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK);
-	unsigned int mr = 0;
+	unsigned int mr = 0, mr_mask;
 	int ret;
 
+	mr_mask = ATMEL_I2SC_MR_FORMAT_MASK | ATMEL_I2SC_MR_MODE_MASK |
+		ATMEL_I2SC_MR_DATALENGTH_MASK;
+	if (is_playback)
+		mr_mask |= ATMEL_I2SC_MR_TXMONO;
+	else
+		mr_mask |= ATMEL_I2SC_MR_RXMONO;
+
 	switch (dev->fmt & SND_SOC_DAIFMT_FORMAT_MASK) {
 	case SND_SOC_DAIFMT_I2S:
 		mr |= ATMEL_I2SC_MR_FORMAT_I2S;
@@ -402,7 +410,7 @@ static int atmel_i2s_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
 
-	return regmap_write(dev->regmap, ATMEL_I2SC_MR, mr);
+	return regmap_update_bits(dev->regmap, ATMEL_I2SC_MR, mr_mask, mr);
 }
 
 static int atmel_i2s_switch_mck_generator(struct atmel_i2s_dev *dev,
@@ -495,18 +503,28 @@ static int atmel_i2s_trigger(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int cmd,
 	is_master = (mr & ATMEL_I2SC_MR_MODE_MASK) == ATMEL_I2SC_MR_MODE_MASTER;
 
 	/* If master starts, enable the audio clock. */
-	if (is_master && mck_enabled)
-		err = atmel_i2s_switch_mck_generator(dev, true);
-	if (err)
-		return err;
+	if (is_master && mck_enabled) {
+		if (!dev->clk_use_no) {
+			err = atmel_i2s_switch_mck_generator(dev, true);
+			if (err)
+				return err;
+		}
+		dev->clk_use_no++;
+	}
 
 	err = regmap_write(dev->regmap, ATMEL_I2SC_CR, cr);
 	if (err)
 		return err;
 
 	/* If master stops, disable the audio clock. */
-	if (is_master && !mck_enabled)
-		err = atmel_i2s_switch_mck_generator(dev, false);
+	if (is_master && !mck_enabled) {
+		if (dev->clk_use_no == 1) {
+			err = atmel_i2s_switch_mck_generator(dev, false);
+			if (err)
+				return err;
+		}
+		dev->clk_use_no--;
+	}
 
 	return err;
 }
@@ -542,6 +560,7 @@ static struct snd_soc_dai_driver atmel_i2s_dai = {
 	},
 	.ops = &atmel_i2s_dai_ops,
 	.symmetric_rate = 1,
+	.symmetric_sample_bits = 1,
 };
 
 static const struct snd_soc_component_driver atmel_i2s_component = {
diff --git a/sound/soc/codecs/cs42l42.h b/sound/soc/codecs/cs42l42.h
index 36b763f0d1a0..386c40f9ed31 100644
--- a/sound/soc/codecs/cs42l42.h
+++ b/sound/soc/codecs/cs42l42.h
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@
 #define CS42L42_HP_PDN_SHIFT		3
 #define CS42L42_HP_PDN_MASK		(1 << CS42L42_HP_PDN_SHIFT)
 #define CS42L42_ADC_PDN_SHIFT		2
-#define CS42L42_ADC_PDN_MASK		(1 << CS42L42_HP_PDN_SHIFT)
+#define CS42L42_ADC_PDN_MASK		(1 << CS42L42_ADC_PDN_SHIFT)
 #define CS42L42_PDN_ALL_SHIFT		0
 #define CS42L42_PDN_ALL_MASK		(1 << CS42L42_PDN_ALL_SHIFT)
 
diff --git a/sound/soc/codecs/max98373-sdw.c b/sound/soc/codecs/max98373-sdw.c
index f3a12205cd48..dc520effc61c 100644
--- a/sound/soc/codecs/max98373-sdw.c
+++ b/sound/soc/codecs/max98373-sdw.c
@@ -271,7 +271,7 @@ static __maybe_unused int max98373_resume(struct device *dev)
 	struct max98373_priv *max98373 = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
 	unsigned long time;
 
-	if (!max98373->hw_init)
+	if (!max98373->first_hw_init)
 		return 0;
 
 	if (!slave->unattach_request)
@@ -362,7 +362,7 @@ static int max98373_io_init(struct sdw_slave *slave)
 	struct device *dev = &slave->dev;
 	struct max98373_priv *max98373 = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
 
-	if (max98373->pm_init_once) {
+	if (max98373->first_hw_init) {
 		regcache_cache_only(max98373->regmap, false);
 		regcache_cache_bypass(max98373->regmap, true);
 	}
@@ -370,7 +370,7 @@ static int max98373_io_init(struct sdw_slave *slave)
 	/*
 	 * PM runtime is only enabled when a Slave reports as Attached
 	 */
-	if (!max98373->pm_init_once) {
+	if (!max98373->first_hw_init) {
 		/* set autosuspend parameters */
 		pm_runtime_set_autosuspend_delay(dev, 3000);
 		pm_runtime_use_autosuspend(dev);
@@ -462,12 +462,12 @@ static int max98373_io_init(struct sdw_slave *slave)
 	regmap_write(max98373->regmap, MAX98373_R20B5_BDE_EN, 1);
 	regmap_write(max98373->regmap, MAX98373_R20E2_LIMITER_EN, 1);
 
-	if (max98373->pm_init_once) {
+	if (max98373->first_hw_init) {
 		regcache_cache_bypass(max98373->regmap, false);
 		regcache_mark_dirty(max98373->regmap);
 	}
 
-	max98373->pm_init_once = true;
+	max98373->first_hw_init = true;
 	max98373->hw_init = true;
 
 	pm_runtime_mark_last_busy(dev);
@@ -787,6 +787,8 @@ static int max98373_init(struct sdw_slave *slave, struct regmap *regmap)
 	max98373->cache = devm_kcalloc(dev, max98373->cache_num,
 				       sizeof(*max98373->cache),
 				       GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!max98373->cache)
+		return -ENOMEM;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < max98373->cache_num; i++)
 		max98373->cache[i].reg = max98373_sdw_cache_reg[i];
@@ -795,7 +797,7 @@ static int max98373_init(struct sdw_slave *slave, struct regmap *regmap)
 	max98373_slot_config(dev, max98373);
 
 	max98373->hw_init = false;
-	max98373->pm_init_once = false;
+	max98373->first_hw_init = false;
 
 	/* codec registration  */
 	ret = devm_snd_soc_register_component(dev, &soc_codec_dev_max98373_sdw,
diff --git a/sound/soc/codecs/max98373.h b/sound/soc/codecs/max98373.h
index 73a2cf69d84a..e1810b3b1620 100644
--- a/sound/soc/codecs/max98373.h
+++ b/sound/soc/codecs/max98373.h
@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ struct max98373_priv {
 	/* variables to support soundwire */
 	struct sdw_slave *slave;
 	bool hw_init;
-	bool pm_init_once;
+	bool first_hw_init;
 	int slot;
 	unsigned int rx_mask;
 };
diff --git a/sound/soc/codecs/rt1308-sdw.c b/sound/soc/codecs/rt1308-sdw.c
index 1c226994aebd..f716668de640 100644
--- a/sound/soc/codecs/rt1308-sdw.c
+++ b/sound/soc/codecs/rt1308-sdw.c
@@ -709,7 +709,7 @@ static int __maybe_unused rt1308_dev_resume(struct device *dev)
 	struct rt1308_sdw_priv *rt1308 = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
 	unsigned long time;
 
-	if (!rt1308->hw_init)
+	if (!rt1308->first_hw_init)
 		return 0;
 
 	if (!slave->unattach_request)
diff --git a/sound/soc/codecs/rt1316-sdw.c b/sound/soc/codecs/rt1316-sdw.c
index 3b029c56467d..09b4914bba1b 100644
--- a/sound/soc/codecs/rt1316-sdw.c
+++ b/sound/soc/codecs/rt1316-sdw.c
@@ -701,7 +701,7 @@ static int __maybe_unused rt1316_dev_resume(struct device *dev)
 	struct rt1316_sdw_priv *rt1316 = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
 	unsigned long time;
 
-	if (!rt1316->hw_init)
+	if (!rt1316->first_hw_init)
 		return 0;
 
 	if (!slave->unattach_request)
diff --git a/sound/soc/codecs/rt5682-sdw.c b/sound/soc/codecs/rt5682-sdw.c
index e78ba3b064c4..31a4f286043e 100644
--- a/sound/soc/codecs/rt5682-sdw.c
+++ b/sound/soc/codecs/rt5682-sdw.c
@@ -344,6 +344,8 @@ static int rt5682_sdw_init(struct device *dev, struct regmap *regmap,
 	rt5682->sdw_regmap = regmap;
 	rt5682->is_sdw = true;
 
+	mutex_init(&rt5682->disable_irq_lock);
+
 	rt5682->regmap = devm_regmap_init(dev, NULL, dev,
 					  &rt5682_sdw_indirect_regmap);
 	if (IS_ERR(rt5682->regmap)) {
@@ -378,6 +380,8 @@ static int rt5682_io_init(struct device *dev, struct sdw_slave *slave)
 	int ret = 0, loop = 10;
 	unsigned int val;
 
+	rt5682->disable_irq = false;
+
 	if (rt5682->hw_init)
 		return 0;
 
@@ -400,6 +404,11 @@ static int rt5682_io_init(struct device *dev, struct sdw_slave *slave)
 
 	pm_runtime_get_noresume(&slave->dev);
 
+	if (rt5682->first_hw_init) {
+		regcache_cache_only(rt5682->regmap, false);
+		regcache_cache_bypass(rt5682->regmap, true);
+	}
+
 	while (loop > 0) {
 		regmap_read(rt5682->regmap, RT5682_DEVICE_ID, &val);
 		if (val == DEVICE_ID)
@@ -408,14 +417,11 @@ static int rt5682_io_init(struct device *dev, struct sdw_slave *slave)
 		usleep_range(30000, 30005);
 		loop--;
 	}
+
 	if (val != DEVICE_ID) {
 		dev_err(dev, "Device with ID register %x is not rt5682\n", val);
-		return -ENODEV;
-	}
-
-	if (rt5682->first_hw_init) {
-		regcache_cache_only(rt5682->regmap, false);
-		regcache_cache_bypass(rt5682->regmap, true);
+		ret = -ENODEV;
+		goto err_nodev;
 	}
 
 	rt5682_calibrate(rt5682);
@@ -486,10 +492,11 @@ reinit:
 	rt5682->hw_init = true;
 	rt5682->first_hw_init = true;
 
+err_nodev:
 	pm_runtime_mark_last_busy(&slave->dev);
 	pm_runtime_put_autosuspend(&slave->dev);
 
-	dev_dbg(&slave->dev, "%s hw_init complete\n", __func__);
+	dev_dbg(&slave->dev, "%s hw_init complete: %d\n", __func__, ret);
 
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -676,10 +683,12 @@ static int rt5682_interrupt_callback(struct sdw_slave *slave,
 	dev_dbg(&slave->dev,
 		"%s control_port_stat=%x", __func__, status->control_port);
 
-	if (status->control_port & 0x4) {
+	mutex_lock(&rt5682->disable_irq_lock);
+	if (status->control_port & 0x4 && !rt5682->disable_irq) {
 		mod_delayed_work(system_power_efficient_wq,
 			&rt5682->jack_detect_work, msecs_to_jiffies(rt5682->irq_work_delay_time));
 	}
+	mutex_unlock(&rt5682->disable_irq_lock);
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -737,13 +746,41 @@ static int __maybe_unused rt5682_dev_suspend(struct device *dev)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int __maybe_unused rt5682_dev_system_suspend(struct device *dev)
+{
+	struct rt5682_priv *rt5682 = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
+	struct sdw_slave *slave = dev_to_sdw_dev(dev);
+	int ret;
+
+	if (!rt5682->hw_init)
+		return 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * prevent new interrupts from being handled after the
+	 * deferred work completes and before the parent disables
+	 * interrupts on the link
+	 */
+	mutex_lock(&rt5682->disable_irq_lock);
+	rt5682->disable_irq = true;
+	ret = sdw_update_no_pm(slave, SDW_SCP_INTMASK1,
+			       SDW_SCP_INT1_IMPL_DEF, 0);
+	mutex_unlock(&rt5682->disable_irq_lock);
+
+	if (ret < 0) {
+		/* log but don't prevent suspend from happening */
+		dev_dbg(&slave->dev, "%s: could not disable imp-def interrupts\n:", __func__);
+	}
+
+	return rt5682_dev_suspend(dev);
+}
+
 static int __maybe_unused rt5682_dev_resume(struct device *dev)
 {
 	struct sdw_slave *slave = dev_to_sdw_dev(dev);
 	struct rt5682_priv *rt5682 = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
 	unsigned long time;
 
-	if (!rt5682->hw_init)
+	if (!rt5682->first_hw_init)
 		return 0;
 
 	if (!slave->unattach_request)
@@ -765,7 +802,7 @@ regmap_sync:
 }
 
 static const struct dev_pm_ops rt5682_pm = {
-	SET_SYSTEM_SLEEP_PM_OPS(rt5682_dev_suspend, rt5682_dev_resume)
+	SET_SYSTEM_SLEEP_PM_OPS(rt5682_dev_system_suspend, rt5682_dev_resume)
 	SET_RUNTIME_PM_OPS(rt5682_dev_suspend, rt5682_dev_resume, NULL)
 };
 
diff --git a/sound/soc/codecs/rt5682.h b/sound/soc/codecs/rt5682.h
index 74ff66767016..b59221048ebf 100644
--- a/sound/soc/codecs/rt5682.h
+++ b/sound/soc/codecs/rt5682.h
@@ -1415,6 +1415,8 @@ struct rt5682_priv {
 	struct regulator_bulk_data supplies[RT5682_NUM_SUPPLIES];
 	struct delayed_work jack_detect_work;
 	struct delayed_work jd_check_work;
+	struct mutex disable_irq_lock; /* imp-def irq lock protection */
+	bool disable_irq;
 	struct mutex calibrate_mutex;
 	struct sdw_slave *slave;
 	enum sdw_slave_status status;
diff --git a/sound/soc/codecs/rt700-sdw.c b/sound/soc/codecs/rt700-sdw.c
index ff9c081fd52a..bda594899664 100644
--- a/sound/soc/codecs/rt700-sdw.c
+++ b/sound/soc/codecs/rt700-sdw.c
@@ -418,10 +418,12 @@ static int rt700_interrupt_callback(struct sdw_slave *slave,
 	dev_dbg(&slave->dev,
 		"%s control_port_stat=%x", __func__, status->control_port);
 
-	if (status->control_port & 0x4) {
+	mutex_lock(&rt700->disable_irq_lock);
+	if (status->control_port & 0x4 && !rt700->disable_irq) {
 		mod_delayed_work(system_power_efficient_wq,
 			&rt700->jack_detect_work, msecs_to_jiffies(250));
 	}
+	mutex_unlock(&rt700->disable_irq_lock);
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -490,6 +492,34 @@ static int __maybe_unused rt700_dev_suspend(struct device *dev)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int __maybe_unused rt700_dev_system_suspend(struct device *dev)
+{
+	struct sdw_slave *slave = dev_to_sdw_dev(dev);
+	struct rt700_priv *rt700 = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
+	int ret;
+
+	if (!rt700->hw_init)
+		return 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * prevent new interrupts from being handled after the
+	 * deferred work completes and before the parent disables
+	 * interrupts on the link
+	 */
+	mutex_lock(&rt700->disable_irq_lock);
+	rt700->disable_irq = true;
+	ret = sdw_update_no_pm(slave, SDW_SCP_INTMASK1,
+			       SDW_SCP_INT1_IMPL_DEF, 0);
+	mutex_unlock(&rt700->disable_irq_lock);
+
+	if (ret < 0) {
+		/* log but don't prevent suspend from happening */
+		dev_dbg(&slave->dev, "%s: could not disable imp-def interrupts\n:", __func__);
+	}
+
+	return rt700_dev_suspend(dev);
+}
+
 #define RT700_PROBE_TIMEOUT 5000
 
 static int __maybe_unused rt700_dev_resume(struct device *dev)
@@ -498,7 +528,7 @@ static int __maybe_unused rt700_dev_resume(struct device *dev)
 	struct rt700_priv *rt700 = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
 	unsigned long time;
 
-	if (!rt700->hw_init)
+	if (!rt700->first_hw_init)
 		return 0;
 
 	if (!slave->unattach_request)
@@ -521,7 +551,7 @@ regmap_sync:
 }
 
 static const struct dev_pm_ops rt700_pm = {
-	SET_SYSTEM_SLEEP_PM_OPS(rt700_dev_suspend, rt700_dev_resume)
+	SET_SYSTEM_SLEEP_PM_OPS(rt700_dev_system_suspend, rt700_dev_resume)
 	SET_RUNTIME_PM_OPS(rt700_dev_suspend, rt700_dev_resume, NULL)
 };
 
diff --git a/sound/soc/codecs/rt700.c b/sound/soc/codecs/rt700.c
index 01af9d9dd3ca..921382724f9c 100644
--- a/sound/soc/codecs/rt700.c
+++ b/sound/soc/codecs/rt700.c
@@ -1112,6 +1112,8 @@ int rt700_init(struct device *dev, struct regmap *sdw_regmap,
 	rt700->sdw_regmap = sdw_regmap;
 	rt700->regmap = regmap;
 
+	mutex_init(&rt700->disable_irq_lock);
+
 	/*
 	 * Mark hw_init to false
 	 * HW init will be performed when device reports present
@@ -1133,6 +1135,8 @@ int rt700_io_init(struct device *dev, struct sdw_slave *slave)
 {
 	struct rt700_priv *rt700 = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
 
+	rt700->disable_irq = false;
+
 	if (rt700->hw_init)
 		return 0;
 
diff --git a/sound/soc/codecs/rt700.h b/sound/soc/codecs/rt700.h
index 794ee2e29051..bed9d1de6d5b 100644
--- a/sound/soc/codecs/rt700.h
+++ b/sound/soc/codecs/rt700.h
@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@ struct  rt700_priv {
 	struct delayed_work jack_detect_work;
 	struct delayed_work jack_btn_check_work;
 	int jack_type;
+	struct mutex disable_irq_lock; /* imp-def irq lock protection */
+	bool disable_irq;
 };
 
 struct sdw_stream_data {
diff --git a/sound/soc/codecs/rt711-sdca-sdw.c b/sound/soc/codecs/rt711-sdca-sdw.c
index 9685c8905468..aaf5af153d3f 100644
--- a/sound/soc/codecs/rt711-sdca-sdw.c
+++ b/sound/soc/codecs/rt711-sdca-sdw.c
@@ -75,6 +75,16 @@ static bool rt711_sdca_mbq_readable_register(struct device *dev, unsigned int re
 	case 0x5b00000 ... 0x5b000ff:
 	case 0x5f00000 ... 0x5f000ff:
 	case 0x6100000 ... 0x61000ff:
+	case SDW_SDCA_CTL(FUNC_NUM_JACK_CODEC, RT711_SDCA_ENT_USER_FU05, RT711_SDCA_CTL_FU_VOLUME, CH_L):
+	case SDW_SDCA_CTL(FUNC_NUM_JACK_CODEC, RT711_SDCA_ENT_USER_FU05, RT711_SDCA_CTL_FU_VOLUME, CH_R):
+	case SDW_SDCA_CTL(FUNC_NUM_MIC_ARRAY, RT711_SDCA_ENT_USER_FU1E, RT711_SDCA_CTL_FU_VOLUME, CH_L):
+	case SDW_SDCA_CTL(FUNC_NUM_MIC_ARRAY, RT711_SDCA_ENT_USER_FU1E, RT711_SDCA_CTL_FU_VOLUME, CH_R):
+	case SDW_SDCA_CTL(FUNC_NUM_JACK_CODEC, RT711_SDCA_ENT_USER_FU0F, RT711_SDCA_CTL_FU_VOLUME, CH_L):
+	case SDW_SDCA_CTL(FUNC_NUM_JACK_CODEC, RT711_SDCA_ENT_USER_FU0F, RT711_SDCA_CTL_FU_VOLUME, CH_R):
+	case SDW_SDCA_CTL(FUNC_NUM_JACK_CODEC, RT711_SDCA_ENT_PLATFORM_FU44, RT711_SDCA_CTL_FU_CH_GAIN, CH_L):
+	case SDW_SDCA_CTL(FUNC_NUM_JACK_CODEC, RT711_SDCA_ENT_PLATFORM_FU44, RT711_SDCA_CTL_FU_CH_GAIN, CH_R):
+	case SDW_SDCA_CTL(FUNC_NUM_MIC_ARRAY, RT711_SDCA_ENT_PLATFORM_FU15, RT711_SDCA_CTL_FU_CH_GAIN, CH_L):
+	case SDW_SDCA_CTL(FUNC_NUM_MIC_ARRAY, RT711_SDCA_ENT_PLATFORM_FU15, RT711_SDCA_CTL_FU_CH_GAIN, CH_R):
 		return true;
 	default:
 		return false;
@@ -246,6 +256,15 @@ static int rt711_sdca_interrupt_callback(struct sdw_slave *slave,
 			scp_sdca_stat2 = rt711->scp_sdca_stat2;
 	}
 
+	/*
+	 * The critical section below intentionally protects a rather large piece of code.
+	 * We don't want to allow the system suspend to disable an interrupt while we are
+	 * processing it, which could be problematic given the quirky SoundWire interrupt
+	 * scheme. We do want however to prevent new workqueues from being scheduled if
+	 * the disable_irq flag was set during system suspend.
+	 */
+	mutex_lock(&rt711->disable_irq_lock);
+
 	ret = sdw_read_no_pm(rt711->slave, SDW_SCP_SDCA_INT1);
 	if (ret < 0)
 		goto io_error;
@@ -304,13 +323,16 @@ static int rt711_sdca_interrupt_callback(struct sdw_slave *slave,
 			"%s scp_sdca_stat1=0x%x, scp_sdca_stat2=0x%x\n", __func__,
 			rt711->scp_sdca_stat1, rt711->scp_sdca_stat2);
 
-	if (status->sdca_cascade)
+	if (status->sdca_cascade && !rt711->disable_irq)
 		mod_delayed_work(system_power_efficient_wq,
 			&rt711->jack_detect_work, msecs_to_jiffies(30));
 
+	mutex_unlock(&rt711->disable_irq_lock);
+
 	return 0;
 
 io_error:
+	mutex_unlock(&rt711->disable_irq_lock);
 	pr_err_ratelimited("IO error in %s, ret %d\n", __func__, ret);
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -372,6 +394,36 @@ static int __maybe_unused rt711_sdca_dev_suspend(struct device *dev)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int __maybe_unused rt711_sdca_dev_system_suspend(struct device *dev)
+{
+	struct rt711_sdca_priv *rt711_sdca = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
+	struct sdw_slave *slave = dev_to_sdw_dev(dev);
+	int ret1, ret2;
+
+	if (!rt711_sdca->hw_init)
+		return 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * prevent new interrupts from being handled after the
+	 * deferred work completes and before the parent disables
+	 * interrupts on the link
+	 */
+	mutex_lock(&rt711_sdca->disable_irq_lock);
+	rt711_sdca->disable_irq = true;
+	ret1 = sdw_update_no_pm(slave, SDW_SCP_SDCA_INTMASK1,
+				SDW_SCP_SDCA_INTMASK_SDCA_0, 0);
+	ret2 = sdw_update_no_pm(slave, SDW_SCP_SDCA_INTMASK2,
+				SDW_SCP_SDCA_INTMASK_SDCA_8, 0);
+	mutex_unlock(&rt711_sdca->disable_irq_lock);
+
+	if (ret1 < 0 || ret2 < 0) {
+		/* log but don't prevent suspend from happening */
+		dev_dbg(&slave->dev, "%s: could not disable SDCA interrupts\n:", __func__);
+	}
+
+	return rt711_sdca_dev_suspend(dev);
+}
+
 #define RT711_PROBE_TIMEOUT 5000
 
 static int __maybe_unused rt711_sdca_dev_resume(struct device *dev)
@@ -380,7 +432,7 @@ static int __maybe_unused rt711_sdca_dev_resume(struct device *dev)
 	struct rt711_sdca_priv *rt711 = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
 	unsigned long time;
 
-	if (!rt711->hw_init)
+	if (!rt711->first_hw_init)
 		return 0;
 
 	if (!slave->unattach_request)
@@ -403,7 +455,7 @@ regmap_sync:
 }
 
 static const struct dev_pm_ops rt711_sdca_pm = {
-	SET_SYSTEM_SLEEP_PM_OPS(rt711_sdca_dev_suspend, rt711_sdca_dev_resume)
+	SET_SYSTEM_SLEEP_PM_OPS(rt711_sdca_dev_system_suspend, rt711_sdca_dev_resume)
 	SET_RUNTIME_PM_OPS(rt711_sdca_dev_suspend, rt711_sdca_dev_resume, NULL)
 };
 
diff --git a/sound/soc/codecs/rt711-sdca.c b/sound/soc/codecs/rt711-sdca.c
index 24a084e0b48a..2e992589f1e4 100644
--- a/sound/soc/codecs/rt711-sdca.c
+++ b/sound/soc/codecs/rt711-sdca.c
@@ -1411,6 +1411,8 @@ int rt711_sdca_init(struct device *dev, struct regmap *regmap,
 	rt711->regmap = regmap;
 	rt711->mbq_regmap = mbq_regmap;
 
+	mutex_init(&rt711->disable_irq_lock);
+
 	/*
 	 * Mark hw_init to false
 	 * HW init will be performed when device reports present
@@ -1494,12 +1496,16 @@ int rt711_sdca_io_init(struct device *dev, struct sdw_slave *slave)
 	int ret = 0;
 	unsigned int val;
 
+	rt711->disable_irq = false;
+
 	if (rt711->hw_init)
 		return 0;
 
 	if (rt711->first_hw_init) {
 		regcache_cache_only(rt711->regmap, false);
 		regcache_cache_bypass(rt711->regmap, true);
+		regcache_cache_only(rt711->mbq_regmap, false);
+		regcache_cache_bypass(rt711->mbq_regmap, true);
 	} else {
 		/*
 		 * PM runtime is only enabled when a Slave reports as Attached
@@ -1565,6 +1571,8 @@ int rt711_sdca_io_init(struct device *dev, struct sdw_slave *slave)
 	if (rt711->first_hw_init) {
 		regcache_cache_bypass(rt711->regmap, false);
 		regcache_mark_dirty(rt711->regmap);
+		regcache_cache_bypass(rt711->mbq_regmap, false);
+		regcache_mark_dirty(rt711->mbq_regmap);
 	} else
 		rt711->first_hw_init = true;
 
diff --git a/sound/soc/codecs/rt711-sdca.h b/sound/soc/codecs/rt711-sdca.h
index 43ae82b7fdb3..498ca687c47b 100644
--- a/sound/soc/codecs/rt711-sdca.h
+++ b/sound/soc/codecs/rt711-sdca.h
@@ -27,6 +27,8 @@ struct  rt711_sdca_priv {
 	struct delayed_work jack_detect_work;
 	struct delayed_work jack_btn_check_work;
 	struct mutex calibrate_mutex; /* for headset calibration */
+	struct mutex disable_irq_lock; /* SDCA irq lock protection */
+	bool disable_irq;
 	int jack_type, jd_src;
 	unsigned int scp_sdca_stat1, scp_sdca_stat2;
 	int hw_ver;
diff --git a/sound/soc/codecs/rt711-sdw.c b/sound/soc/codecs/rt711-sdw.c
index 8f5ebe92d407..bda2cc9439c9 100644
--- a/sound/soc/codecs/rt711-sdw.c
+++ b/sound/soc/codecs/rt711-sdw.c
@@ -423,10 +423,12 @@ static int rt711_interrupt_callback(struct sdw_slave *slave,
 	dev_dbg(&slave->dev,
 		"%s control_port_stat=%x", __func__, status->control_port);
 
-	if (status->control_port & 0x4) {
+	mutex_lock(&rt711->disable_irq_lock);
+	if (status->control_port & 0x4 && !rt711->disable_irq) {
 		mod_delayed_work(system_power_efficient_wq,
 			&rt711->jack_detect_work, msecs_to_jiffies(250));
 	}
+	mutex_unlock(&rt711->disable_irq_lock);
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -493,6 +495,34 @@ static int __maybe_unused rt711_dev_suspend(struct device *dev)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int __maybe_unused rt711_dev_system_suspend(struct device *dev)
+{
+	struct rt711_priv *rt711 = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
+	struct sdw_slave *slave = dev_to_sdw_dev(dev);
+	int ret;
+
+	if (!rt711->hw_init)
+		return 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * prevent new interrupts from being handled after the
+	 * deferred work completes and before the parent disables
+	 * interrupts on the link
+	 */
+	mutex_lock(&rt711->disable_irq_lock);
+	rt711->disable_irq = true;
+	ret = sdw_update_no_pm(slave, SDW_SCP_INTMASK1,
+			       SDW_SCP_INT1_IMPL_DEF, 0);
+	mutex_unlock(&rt711->disable_irq_lock);
+
+	if (ret < 0) {
+		/* log but don't prevent suspend from happening */
+		dev_dbg(&slave->dev, "%s: could not disable imp-def interrupts\n:", __func__);
+	}
+
+	return rt711_dev_suspend(dev);
+}
+
 #define RT711_PROBE_TIMEOUT 5000
 
 static int __maybe_unused rt711_dev_resume(struct device *dev)
@@ -501,7 +531,7 @@ static int __maybe_unused rt711_dev_resume(struct device *dev)
 	struct rt711_priv *rt711 = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
 	unsigned long time;
 
-	if (!rt711->hw_init)
+	if (!rt711->first_hw_init)
 		return 0;
 
 	if (!slave->unattach_request)
@@ -524,7 +554,7 @@ regmap_sync:
 }
 
 static const struct dev_pm_ops rt711_pm = {
-	SET_SYSTEM_SLEEP_PM_OPS(rt711_dev_suspend, rt711_dev_resume)
+	SET_SYSTEM_SLEEP_PM_OPS(rt711_dev_system_suspend, rt711_dev_resume)
 	SET_RUNTIME_PM_OPS(rt711_dev_suspend, rt711_dev_resume, NULL)
 };
 
diff --git a/sound/soc/codecs/rt711.c b/sound/soc/codecs/rt711.c
index 9f5b2dc16c54..4dbfa7b8680e 100644
--- a/sound/soc/codecs/rt711.c
+++ b/sound/soc/codecs/rt711.c
@@ -1166,6 +1166,8 @@ int rt711_init(struct device *dev, struct regmap *sdw_regmap,
 	rt711->sdw_regmap = sdw_regmap;
 	rt711->regmap = regmap;
 
+	mutex_init(&rt711->disable_irq_lock);
+
 	/*
 	 * Mark hw_init to false
 	 * HW init will be performed when device reports present
@@ -1190,6 +1192,8 @@ int rt711_io_init(struct device *dev, struct sdw_slave *slave)
 {
 	struct rt711_priv *rt711 = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
 
+	rt711->disable_irq = false;
+
 	if (rt711->hw_init)
 		return 0;
 
diff --git a/sound/soc/codecs/rt711.h b/sound/soc/codecs/rt711.h
index ca0f581feec7..2af467631435 100644
--- a/sound/soc/codecs/rt711.h
+++ b/sound/soc/codecs/rt711.h
@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@ struct  rt711_priv {
 	struct work_struct calibration_work;
 	struct mutex calibrate_mutex; /* for headset calibration */
 	int jack_type, jd_src;
+	struct mutex disable_irq_lock; /* imp-def irq lock protection */
+	bool disable_irq;
 };
 
 struct sdw_stream_data {
diff --git a/sound/soc/codecs/rt715-sdca-sdw.c b/sound/soc/codecs/rt715-sdca-sdw.c
index 1350798406f0..a5c673f43d82 100644
--- a/sound/soc/codecs/rt715-sdca-sdw.c
+++ b/sound/soc/codecs/rt715-sdca-sdw.c
@@ -70,6 +70,7 @@ static bool rt715_sdca_mbq_readable_register(struct device *dev, unsigned int re
 	case 0x2000036:
 	case 0x2000037:
 	case 0x2000039:
+	case 0x2000044:
 	case 0x6100000:
 		return true;
 	default:
@@ -224,7 +225,7 @@ static int __maybe_unused rt715_dev_resume(struct device *dev)
 	struct rt715_sdca_priv *rt715 = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
 	unsigned long time;
 
-	if (!rt715->hw_init)
+	if (!rt715->first_hw_init)
 		return 0;
 
 	if (!slave->unattach_request)
diff --git a/sound/soc/codecs/rt715-sdca-sdw.h b/sound/soc/codecs/rt715-sdca-sdw.h
index cd365bb60747..0cbc14844f8c 100644
--- a/sound/soc/codecs/rt715-sdca-sdw.h
+++ b/sound/soc/codecs/rt715-sdca-sdw.h
@@ -113,6 +113,7 @@ static const struct reg_default rt715_mbq_reg_defaults_sdca[] = {
 	{ 0x2000036, 0x0000 },
 	{ 0x2000037, 0x0000 },
 	{ 0x2000039, 0xaa81 },
+	{ 0x2000044, 0x0202 },
 	{ 0x6100000, 0x0100 },
 	{ SDW_SDCA_CTL(FUN_MIC_ARRAY, RT715_SDCA_FU_ADC8_9_VOL,
 		RT715_SDCA_FU_VOL_CTRL, CH_01), 0x00 },
diff --git a/sound/soc/codecs/rt715-sdca.c b/sound/soc/codecs/rt715-sdca.c
index 7db76c19e048..66e166568c50 100644
--- a/sound/soc/codecs/rt715-sdca.c
+++ b/sound/soc/codecs/rt715-sdca.c
@@ -997,7 +997,7 @@ int rt715_sdca_init(struct device *dev, struct regmap *mbq_regmap,
 	 * HW init will be performed when device reports present
 	 */
 	rt715->hw_init = false;
-	rt715->first_init = false;
+	rt715->first_hw_init = false;
 
 	ret = devm_snd_soc_register_component(dev,
 			&soc_codec_dev_rt715_sdca,
@@ -1018,7 +1018,7 @@ int rt715_sdca_io_init(struct device *dev, struct sdw_slave *slave)
 	/*
 	 * PM runtime is only enabled when a Slave reports as Attached
 	 */
-	if (!rt715->first_init) {
+	if (!rt715->first_hw_init) {
 		/* set autosuspend parameters */
 		pm_runtime_set_autosuspend_delay(&slave->dev, 3000);
 		pm_runtime_use_autosuspend(&slave->dev);
@@ -1031,7 +1031,7 @@ int rt715_sdca_io_init(struct device *dev, struct sdw_slave *slave)
 
 		pm_runtime_enable(&slave->dev);
 
-		rt715->first_init = true;
+		rt715->first_hw_init = true;
 	}
 
 	pm_runtime_get_noresume(&slave->dev);
@@ -1054,6 +1054,9 @@ int rt715_sdca_io_init(struct device *dev, struct sdw_slave *slave)
 		rt715_sdca_index_update_bits(rt715, RT715_VENDOR_REG,
 			RT715_REV_1, 0x40, 0x40);
 	}
+	/* DFLL Calibration trigger */
+	rt715_sdca_index_update_bits(rt715, RT715_VENDOR_REG,
+			RT715_DFLL_VAD, 0x1, 0x1);
 	/* trigger mode = VAD enable */
 	regmap_write(rt715->regmap,
 		SDW_SDCA_CTL(FUN_MIC_ARRAY, RT715_SDCA_SMPU_TRIG_ST_EN,
diff --git a/sound/soc/codecs/rt715-sdca.h b/sound/soc/codecs/rt715-sdca.h
index 85ce4d95e5eb..90881b455ece 100644
--- a/sound/soc/codecs/rt715-sdca.h
+++ b/sound/soc/codecs/rt715-sdca.h
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ struct rt715_sdca_priv {
 	enum sdw_slave_status status;
 	struct sdw_bus_params params;
 	bool hw_init;
-	bool first_init;
+	bool first_hw_init;
 	int l_is_unmute;
 	int r_is_unmute;
 	int hw_sdw_ver;
@@ -81,6 +81,7 @@ struct rt715_sdca_kcontrol_private {
 #define RT715_AD_FUNC_EN				0x36
 #define RT715_REV_1					0x37
 #define RT715_SDW_INPUT_SEL				0x39
+#define RT715_DFLL_VAD					0x44
 #define RT715_EXT_DMIC_CLK_CTRL2			0x54
 
 /* Index (NID:61h) */
diff --git a/sound/soc/codecs/rt715-sdw.c b/sound/soc/codecs/rt715-sdw.c
index 81a1dd77b6f6..a7b21b03c08b 100644
--- a/sound/soc/codecs/rt715-sdw.c
+++ b/sound/soc/codecs/rt715-sdw.c
@@ -541,7 +541,7 @@ static int __maybe_unused rt715_dev_resume(struct device *dev)
 	struct rt715_priv *rt715 = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
 	unsigned long time;
 
-	if (!rt715->hw_init)
+	if (!rt715->first_hw_init)
 		return 0;
 
 	if (!slave->unattach_request)
diff --git a/sound/soc/fsl/fsl_spdif.c b/sound/soc/fsl/fsl_spdif.c
index c631de325a6e..5636837eb511 100644
--- a/sound/soc/fsl/fsl_spdif.c
+++ b/sound/soc/fsl/fsl_spdif.c
@@ -1375,16 +1375,29 @@ static int fsl_spdif_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 					      &spdif_priv->cpu_dai_drv, 1);
 	if (ret) {
 		dev_err(&pdev->dev, "failed to register DAI: %d\n", ret);
-		return ret;
+		goto err_pm_disable;
 	}
 
 	ret = imx_pcm_dma_init(pdev, IMX_SPDIF_DMABUF_SIZE);
-	if (ret && ret != -EPROBE_DEFER)
-		dev_err(&pdev->dev, "imx_pcm_dma_init failed: %d\n", ret);
+	if (ret) {
+		dev_err_probe(&pdev->dev, ret, "imx_pcm_dma_init failed\n");
+		goto err_pm_disable;
+	}
+
+	return ret;
 
+err_pm_disable:
+	pm_runtime_disable(&pdev->dev);
 	return ret;
 }
 
+static int fsl_spdif_remove(struct platform_device *pdev)
+{
+	pm_runtime_disable(&pdev->dev);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
 #ifdef CONFIG_PM
 static int fsl_spdif_runtime_suspend(struct device *dev)
 {
@@ -1487,6 +1500,7 @@ static struct platform_driver fsl_spdif_driver = {
 		.pm = &fsl_spdif_pm,
 	},
 	.probe = fsl_spdif_probe,
+	.remove = fsl_spdif_remove,
 };
 
 module_platform_driver(fsl_spdif_driver);
diff --git a/sound/soc/soc-core.c b/sound/soc/soc-core.c
index a76974ccfce1..724c05f31464 100644
--- a/sound/soc/soc-core.c
+++ b/sound/soc/soc-core.c
@@ -580,7 +580,7 @@ int snd_soc_suspend(struct device *dev)
 	 * Due to the resume being scheduled into a workqueue we could
 	 * suspend before that's finished - wait for it to complete.
 	 */
-	snd_power_wait(card->snd_card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0);
+	snd_power_wait(card->snd_card);
 
 	/* we're going to block userspace touching us until resume completes */
 	snd_power_change_state(card->snd_card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D3hot);
diff --git a/sound/sparc/amd7930.c b/sound/sparc/amd7930.c
index d24ae00878f5..c434b69a83f1 100644
--- a/sound/sparc/amd7930.c
+++ b/sound/sparc/amd7930.c
@@ -975,8 +975,9 @@ static int snd_amd7930_create(struct snd_card *card,
 
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&amd->lock, flags);
 
-	if ((err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL,
-				  amd, &snd_amd7930_dev_ops)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL,
+			     amd, &snd_amd7930_dev_ops);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_amd7930_free(amd);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -1019,13 +1020,16 @@ static int amd7930_sbus_probe(struct platform_device *op)
 				      irq, dev_num, &amd)) < 0)
 		goto out_err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_amd7930_pcm(amd)) < 0)
+	err = snd_amd7930_pcm(amd);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto out_err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_amd7930_mixer(amd)) < 0)
+	err = snd_amd7930_mixer(amd);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto out_err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_card_register(card)) < 0)
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (err < 0)
 		goto out_err;
 
 	amd->next = amd7930_list;
diff --git a/sound/sparc/cs4231.c b/sound/sparc/cs4231.c
index 35c17803a430..2942c8c7a236 100644
--- a/sound/sparc/cs4231.c
+++ b/sound/sparc/cs4231.c
@@ -1828,8 +1828,9 @@ static int snd_cs4231_sbus_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	}
 	snd_cs4231_init(chip);
 
-	if ((err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL,
-				  chip, &snd_cs4231_sbus_dev_ops)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL,
+			     chip, &snd_cs4231_sbus_dev_ops);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_cs4231_sbus_free(chip);
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -2020,8 +2021,9 @@ static int snd_cs4231_ebus_create(struct snd_card *card,
 	}
 	snd_cs4231_init(chip);
 
-	if ((err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL,
-				  chip, &snd_cs4231_ebus_dev_ops)) < 0) {
+	err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL,
+			     chip, &snd_cs4231_ebus_dev_ops);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_cs4231_ebus_free(chip);
 		return err;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/sparc/dbri.c b/sound/sparc/dbri.c
index b055f5839578..6b84f66e4af4 100644
--- a/sound/sparc/dbri.c
+++ b/sound/sparc/dbri.c
@@ -2226,11 +2226,12 @@ static int snd_dbri_pcm(struct snd_card *card)
 	struct snd_pcm *pcm;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_pcm_new(card,
-			       /* ID */		    "sun_dbri",
-			       /* device */	    0,
-			       /* playback count */ 1,
-			       /* capture count */  1, &pcm)) < 0)
+	err = snd_pcm_new(card,
+			  /* ID */	    "sun_dbri",
+			  /* device */	    0,
+			  /* playback count */ 1,
+			  /* capture count */  1, &pcm);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, &snd_dbri_ops);
diff --git a/sound/synth/emux/emux.c b/sound/synth/emux/emux.c
index f65e6c7b139f..49d1976a132c 100644
--- a/sound/synth/emux/emux.c
+++ b/sound/synth/emux/emux.c
@@ -104,7 +104,8 @@ int snd_emux_register(struct snd_emux *emu, struct snd_card *card, int index, ch
 	if (emu->sflist == NULL)
 		return -ENOMEM;
 
-	if ((err = snd_emux_init_hwdep(emu)) < 0)
+	err = snd_emux_init_hwdep(emu);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	snd_emux_init_voices(emu);
diff --git a/sound/synth/emux/emux_effect.c b/sound/synth/emux/emux_effect.c
index afd119b11f39..3c7314f5fb19 100644
--- a/sound/synth/emux/emux_effect.c
+++ b/sound/synth/emux/emux_effect.c
@@ -181,7 +181,10 @@ snd_emux_send_effect(struct snd_emux_port *port, struct snd_midi_channel *chan,
 	fx->flag[type] = mode;
 
 	/* do we need to modify the register in realtime ? */
-	if (! parm_defs[type].update || (offset = parm_defs[type].offset) < 0)
+	if (!parm_defs[type].update)
+		return;
+	offset = parm_defs[type].offset;
+	if (offset < 0)
 		return;
 
 #ifdef SNDRV_LITTLE_ENDIAN
@@ -223,13 +226,17 @@ snd_emux_setup_effect(struct snd_emux_voice *vp)
 	unsigned char *srcp;
 	int i;
 
-	if (! (fx = chan->private))
+	fx = chan->private;
+	if (!fx)
 		return;
 
 	/* modify the register values via effect table */
 	for (i = 0; i < EMUX_FX_END; i++) {
 		int offset;
-		if (! fx->flag[i] || (offset = parm_defs[i].offset) < 0)
+		if (!fx->flag[i])
+			continue;
+		offset = parm_defs[i].offset;
+		if (offset < 0)
 			continue;
 #ifdef SNDRV_LITTLE_ENDIAN
 		if (parm_defs[i].type & PARM_IS_ALIGN_HI)
diff --git a/sound/synth/emux/emux_hwdep.c b/sound/synth/emux/emux_hwdep.c
index 8a965e2f160a..81719bfb8ed7 100644
--- a/sound/synth/emux/emux_hwdep.c
+++ b/sound/synth/emux/emux_hwdep.c
@@ -116,7 +116,8 @@ snd_emux_init_hwdep(struct snd_emux *emu)
 	struct snd_hwdep *hw;
 	int err;
 
-	if ((err = snd_hwdep_new(emu->card, SNDRV_EMUX_HWDEP_NAME, emu->hwdep_idx, &hw)) < 0)
+	err = snd_hwdep_new(emu->card, SNDRV_EMUX_HWDEP_NAME, emu->hwdep_idx, &hw);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	emu->hwdep = hw;
 	strcpy(hw->name, SNDRV_EMUX_HWDEP_NAME);
@@ -127,7 +128,8 @@ snd_emux_init_hwdep(struct snd_emux *emu)
 	hw->ops.ioctl_compat = snd_emux_hwdep_ioctl;
 	hw->exclusive = 1;
 	hw->private_data = emu;
-	if ((err = snd_card_register(emu->card)) < 0)
+	err = snd_card_register(emu->card);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	return 0;
diff --git a/sound/synth/emux/soundfont.c b/sound/synth/emux/soundfont.c
index 9ebc711afa6b..da3cf8912463 100644
--- a/sound/synth/emux/soundfont.c
+++ b/sound/synth/emux/soundfont.c
@@ -349,7 +349,8 @@ sf_zone_new(struct snd_sf_list *sflist, struct snd_soundfont *sf)
 {
 	struct snd_sf_zone *zp;
 
-	if ((zp = kzalloc(sizeof(*zp), GFP_KERNEL)) == NULL)
+	zp = kzalloc(sizeof(*zp), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!zp)
 		return NULL;
 	zp->next = sf->zones;
 	sf->zones = zp;
@@ -381,7 +382,8 @@ sf_sample_new(struct snd_sf_list *sflist, struct snd_soundfont *sf)
 {
 	struct snd_sf_sample *sp;
 
-	if ((sp = kzalloc(sizeof(*sp), GFP_KERNEL)) == NULL)
+	sp = kzalloc(sizeof(*sp), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!sp)
 		return NULL;
 
 	sp->next = sf->samples;
@@ -451,7 +453,8 @@ load_map(struct snd_sf_list *sflist, const void __user *data, int count)
 	}
 
 	/* create a new zone */
-	if ((zp = sf_zone_new(sflist, sf)) == NULL)
+	zp = sf_zone_new(sflist, sf);
+	if (!zp)
 		return -ENOMEM;
 
 	zp->bank = map.map_bank;
@@ -514,7 +517,8 @@ load_info(struct snd_sf_list *sflist, const void __user *data, long count)
 	int i;
 
 	/* patch must be opened */
-	if ((sf = sflist->currsf) == NULL)
+	sf = sflist->currsf;
+	if (!sf)
 		return -EINVAL;
 
 	if (is_special_type(sf->type))
@@ -579,9 +583,9 @@ load_info(struct snd_sf_list *sflist, const void __user *data, long count)
 			init_voice_parm(&tmpzone.v.parm);
 
 		/* create a new zone */
-		if ((zone = sf_zone_new(sflist, sf)) == NULL) {
+		zone = sf_zone_new(sflist, sf);
+		if (!zone)
 			return -ENOMEM;
-		}
 
 		/* copy the temporary data */
 		zone->bank = tmpzone.bank;
@@ -700,7 +704,8 @@ load_data(struct snd_sf_list *sflist, const void __user *data, long count)
 	long off;
 
 	/* patch must be opened */
-	if ((sf = sflist->currsf) == NULL)
+	sf = sflist->currsf;
+	if (!sf)
 		return -EINVAL;
 
 	if (is_special_type(sf->type))
@@ -723,7 +728,8 @@ load_data(struct snd_sf_list *sflist, const void __user *data, long count)
 	}
 
 	/* Allocate a new sample structure */
-	if ((sp = sf_sample_new(sflist, sf)) == NULL)
+	sp = sf_sample_new(sflist, sf);
+	if (!sp)
 		return -ENOMEM;
 
 	sp->v = sample_info;
@@ -958,7 +964,8 @@ load_guspatch(struct snd_sf_list *sflist, const char __user *data,
 	sf = newsf(sflist, SNDRV_SFNT_PAT_TYPE_GUS|SNDRV_SFNT_PAT_SHARED, NULL);
 	if (sf == NULL)
 		return -ENOMEM;
-	if ((smp = sf_sample_new(sflist, sf)) == NULL)
+	smp = sf_sample_new(sflist, sf);
+	if (!smp)
 		return -ENOMEM;
 	sample_id = sflist->sample_counter;
 	smp->v.sample = sample_id;
@@ -996,7 +1003,8 @@ load_guspatch(struct snd_sf_list *sflist, const char __user *data,
 	smp->v.sf_id = sf->id;
 
 	/* set up voice info */
-	if ((zone = sf_zone_new(sflist, sf)) == NULL) {
+	zone = sf_zone_new(sflist, sf);
+	if (!zone) {
 		sf_sample_delete(sflist, sf, smp);
 		return -ENOMEM;
 	}
@@ -1181,7 +1189,8 @@ add_preset(struct snd_sf_list *sflist, struct snd_sf_zone *cur)
 	}
 
 	/* prepend this zone */
-	if ((index = get_index(cur->bank, cur->instr, cur->v.low)) < 0)
+	index = get_index(cur->bank, cur->instr, cur->v.low);
+	if (index < 0)
 		return;
 	cur->next_zone = zone; /* zone link */
 	cur->next_instr = sflist->presets[index]; /* preset table link */
@@ -1197,7 +1206,8 @@ delete_preset(struct snd_sf_list *sflist, struct snd_sf_zone *zp)
 	int index;
 	struct snd_sf_zone *p;
 
-	if ((index = get_index(zp->bank, zp->instr, zp->v.low)) < 0)
+	index = get_index(zp->bank, zp->instr, zp->v.low);
+	if (index < 0)
 		return;
 	for (p = sflist->presets[index]; p; p = p->next_instr) {
 		while (p->next_instr == zp) {
@@ -1257,7 +1267,8 @@ search_first_zone(struct snd_sf_list *sflist, int bank, int preset, int key)
 	int index;
 	struct snd_sf_zone *zp;
 
-	if ((index = get_index(bank, preset, key)) < 0)
+	index = get_index(bank, preset, key);
+	if (index < 0)
 		return NULL;
 	for (zp = sflist->presets[index]; zp; zp = zp->next_instr) {
 		if (zp->instr == preset && zp->bank == bank)
@@ -1386,7 +1397,8 @@ snd_sf_new(struct snd_sf_callback *callback, struct snd_util_memhdr *hdr)
 {
 	struct snd_sf_list *sflist;
 
-	if ((sflist = kzalloc(sizeof(*sflist), GFP_KERNEL)) == NULL)
+	sflist = kzalloc(sizeof(*sflist), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!sflist)
 		return NULL;
 
 	mutex_init(&sflist->presets_mutex);
diff --git a/sound/usb/card.h b/sound/usb/card.h
index a741e7da83a2..5577a776561b 100644
--- a/sound/usb/card.h
+++ b/sound/usb/card.h
@@ -54,6 +54,7 @@ struct snd_urb_ctx {
 	struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep;
 	int index;	/* index for urb array */
 	int packets;	/* number of packets per urb */
+	int queued;	/* queued data bytes by this urb */
 	int packet_size[MAX_PACKS_HS]; /* size of packets for next submission */
 	struct list_head ready_list;
 };
@@ -158,8 +159,10 @@ struct snd_usb_substream {
 
 	unsigned int running: 1;	/* running status */
 
+	unsigned int buffer_bytes;	/* buffer size in bytes */
+	unsigned int inflight_bytes;	/* in-flight data bytes on buffer (for playback) */
 	unsigned int hwptr_done;	/* processed byte position in the buffer */
-	unsigned int transfer_done;		/* processed frames since last period update */
+	unsigned int transfer_done;	/* processed frames since last period update */
 	unsigned int frame_limit;	/* limits number of packets in URB */
 
 	/* data and sync endpoints for this stream */
@@ -174,8 +177,7 @@ struct snd_usb_substream {
 	struct list_head fmt_list;	/* format list */
 	spinlock_t lock;
 
-	int last_frame_number;          /* stored frame number */
-	int last_delay;                 /* stored delay */
+	unsigned int last_frame_number;	/* stored frame number */
 
 	struct {
 		int marker;
diff --git a/sound/usb/clock.c b/sound/usb/clock.c
index 17bbde73d4d1..52de52288e10 100644
--- a/sound/usb/clock.c
+++ b/sound/usb/clock.c
@@ -21,82 +21,77 @@
 #include "clock.h"
 #include "quirks.h"
 
+union uac23_clock_source_desc {
+	struct uac_clock_source_descriptor v2;
+	struct uac3_clock_source_descriptor v3;
+};
+
+union uac23_clock_selector_desc {
+	struct uac_clock_selector_descriptor v2;
+	struct uac3_clock_selector_descriptor v3;
+};
+
+union uac23_clock_multiplier_desc {
+	struct uac_clock_multiplier_descriptor v2;
+	struct uac_clock_multiplier_descriptor v3;
+};
+
+#define GET_VAL(p, proto, field) \
+	((proto) == UAC_VERSION_3 ? (p)->v3.field : (p)->v2.field)
+
 static void *find_uac_clock_desc(struct usb_host_interface *iface, int id,
-				 bool (*validator)(void *, int), u8 type)
+				 bool (*validator)(void *, int, int),
+				 u8 type, int proto)
 {
 	void *cs = NULL;
 
 	while ((cs = snd_usb_find_csint_desc(iface->extra, iface->extralen,
 					     cs, type))) {
-		if (validator(cs, id))
+		if (validator(cs, id, proto))
 			return cs;
 	}
 
 	return NULL;
 }
 
-static bool validate_clock_source_v2(void *p, int id)
+static bool validate_clock_source(void *p, int id, int proto)
 {
-	struct uac_clock_source_descriptor *cs = p;
-	return cs->bClockID == id;
-}
+	union uac23_clock_source_desc *cs = p;
 
-static bool validate_clock_source_v3(void *p, int id)
-{
-	struct uac3_clock_source_descriptor *cs = p;
-	return cs->bClockID == id;
+	return GET_VAL(cs, proto, bClockID) == id;
 }
 
-static bool validate_clock_selector_v2(void *p, int id)
+static bool validate_clock_selector(void *p, int id, int proto)
 {
-	struct uac_clock_selector_descriptor *cs = p;
-	return cs->bClockID == id;
-}
+	union uac23_clock_selector_desc *cs = p;
 
-static bool validate_clock_selector_v3(void *p, int id)
-{
-	struct uac3_clock_selector_descriptor *cs = p;
-	return cs->bClockID == id;
+	return GET_VAL(cs, proto, bClockID) == id;
 }
 
-static bool validate_clock_multiplier_v2(void *p, int id)
+static bool validate_clock_multiplier(void *p, int id, int proto)
 {
-	struct uac_clock_multiplier_descriptor *cs = p;
-	return cs->bClockID == id;
-}
+	union uac23_clock_multiplier_desc *cs = p;
 
-static bool validate_clock_multiplier_v3(void *p, int id)
-{
-	struct uac3_clock_multiplier_descriptor *cs = p;
-	return cs->bClockID == id;
+	return GET_VAL(cs, proto, bClockID) == id;
 }
 
-#define DEFINE_FIND_HELPER(name, obj, validator, type)		\
-static obj *name(struct usb_host_interface *iface, int id)	\
-{								\
-	return find_uac_clock_desc(iface, id, validator, type);	\
+#define DEFINE_FIND_HELPER(name, obj, validator, type2, type3)		\
+static obj *name(struct snd_usb_audio *chip, int id, int proto)	\
+{									\
+	return find_uac_clock_desc(chip->ctrl_intf, id, validator,	\
+				   proto == UAC_VERSION_3 ? (type3) : (type2), \
+				   proto);				\
 }
 
 DEFINE_FIND_HELPER(snd_usb_find_clock_source,
-		   struct uac_clock_source_descriptor,
-		   validate_clock_source_v2, UAC2_CLOCK_SOURCE);
-DEFINE_FIND_HELPER(snd_usb_find_clock_source_v3,
-		   struct uac3_clock_source_descriptor,
-		   validate_clock_source_v3, UAC3_CLOCK_SOURCE);
-
+		   union uac23_clock_source_desc, validate_clock_source,
+		   UAC2_CLOCK_SOURCE, UAC3_CLOCK_SOURCE);
 DEFINE_FIND_HELPER(snd_usb_find_clock_selector,
-		   struct uac_clock_selector_descriptor,
-		   validate_clock_selector_v2, UAC2_CLOCK_SELECTOR);
-DEFINE_FIND_HELPER(snd_usb_find_clock_selector_v3,
-		   struct uac3_clock_selector_descriptor,
-		   validate_clock_selector_v3, UAC3_CLOCK_SELECTOR);
-
+		   union uac23_clock_selector_desc, validate_clock_selector,
+		   UAC2_CLOCK_SELECTOR, UAC3_CLOCK_SELECTOR);
 DEFINE_FIND_HELPER(snd_usb_find_clock_multiplier,
-		   struct uac_clock_multiplier_descriptor,
-		   validate_clock_multiplier_v2, UAC2_CLOCK_MULTIPLIER);
-DEFINE_FIND_HELPER(snd_usb_find_clock_multiplier_v3,
-		   struct uac3_clock_multiplier_descriptor,
-		   validate_clock_multiplier_v3, UAC3_CLOCK_MULTIPLIER);
+		   union uac23_clock_multiplier_desc, validate_clock_multiplier,
+		   UAC2_CLOCK_MULTIPLIER, UAC3_CLOCK_MULTIPLIER);
 
 static int uac_clock_selector_get_val(struct snd_usb_audio *chip, int selector_id)
 {
@@ -159,14 +154,13 @@ static bool uac_clock_source_is_valid_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
 	int count;
 	unsigned char data;
 	struct usb_device *dev = chip->dev;
+	union uac23_clock_source_desc *cs_desc;
 
-	if (fmt->protocol == UAC_VERSION_2) {
-		struct uac_clock_source_descriptor *cs_desc =
-			snd_usb_find_clock_source(chip->ctrl_intf, source_id);
-
-		if (!cs_desc)
-			return false;
+	cs_desc = snd_usb_find_clock_source(chip, source_id, fmt->protocol);
+	if (!cs_desc)
+		return false;
 
+	if (fmt->protocol == UAC_VERSION_2) {
 		/*
 		 * Assume the clock is valid if clock source supports only one
 		 * single sample rate, the terminal is connected directly to it
@@ -175,8 +169,8 @@ static bool uac_clock_source_is_valid_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
 		 * reports that clock is invalid.
 		 */
 		if (fmt->nr_rates == 1 &&
-		    (fmt->clock & 0xff) == cs_desc->bClockID &&
-		    (cs_desc->bmAttributes & 0x3) !=
+		    (fmt->clock & 0xff) == cs_desc->v2.bClockID &&
+		    (cs_desc->v2.bmAttributes & 0x3) !=
 				UAC_CLOCK_SOURCE_TYPE_EXT)
 			return true;
 	}
@@ -222,22 +216,16 @@ static bool uac_clock_source_is_valid(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
 	unsigned char data;
 	struct usb_device *dev = chip->dev;
 	u32 bmControls;
+	union uac23_clock_source_desc *cs_desc;
 
-	if (fmt->protocol == UAC_VERSION_3) {
-		struct uac3_clock_source_descriptor *cs_desc =
-			snd_usb_find_clock_source_v3(chip->ctrl_intf, source_id);
-
-		if (!cs_desc)
-			return false;
-		bmControls = le32_to_cpu(cs_desc->bmControls);
-	} else { /* UAC_VERSION_1/2 */
-		struct uac_clock_source_descriptor *cs_desc =
-			snd_usb_find_clock_source(chip->ctrl_intf, source_id);
+	cs_desc = snd_usb_find_clock_source(chip, source_id, fmt->protocol);
+	if (!cs_desc)
+		return false;
 
-		if (!cs_desc)
-			return false;
-		bmControls = cs_desc->bmControls;
-	}
+	if (fmt->protocol == UAC_VERSION_3)
+		bmControls = le32_to_cpu(cs_desc->v3.bmControls);
+	else
+		bmControls = cs_desc->v2.bmControls;
 
 	/* If a clock source can't tell us whether it's valid, we assume it is */
 	if (!uac_v2v3_control_is_readable(bmControls,
@@ -267,9 +255,12 @@ static int __uac_clock_find_source(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
 				   const struct audioformat *fmt, int entity_id,
 				   unsigned long *visited, bool validate)
 {
-	struct uac_clock_source_descriptor *source;
-	struct uac_clock_selector_descriptor *selector;
-	struct uac_clock_multiplier_descriptor *multiplier;
+	union uac23_clock_source_desc *source;
+	union uac23_clock_selector_desc *selector;
+	union uac23_clock_multiplier_desc *multiplier;
+	int ret, i, cur, err, pins, clock_id;
+	const u8 *sources;
+	int proto = fmt->protocol;
 
 	entity_id &= 0xff;
 
@@ -281,9 +272,9 @@ static int __uac_clock_find_source(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
 	}
 
 	/* first, see if the ID we're looking for is a clock source already */
-	source = snd_usb_find_clock_source(chip->ctrl_intf, entity_id);
+	source = snd_usb_find_clock_source(chip, entity_id, proto);
 	if (source) {
-		entity_id = source->bClockID;
+		entity_id = GET_VAL(source, proto, bClockID);
 		if (validate && !uac_clock_source_is_valid(chip, fmt,
 								entity_id)) {
 			usb_audio_err(chip,
@@ -294,35 +285,43 @@ static int __uac_clock_find_source(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
 		return entity_id;
 	}
 
-	selector = snd_usb_find_clock_selector(chip->ctrl_intf, entity_id);
+	selector = snd_usb_find_clock_selector(chip, entity_id, proto);
 	if (selector) {
-		int ret, i, cur, err;
+		pins = GET_VAL(selector, proto, bNrInPins);
+		clock_id = GET_VAL(selector, proto, bClockID);
+		sources = GET_VAL(selector, proto, baCSourceID);
+		cur = 0;
 
-		if (selector->bNrInPins == 1) {
+		if (pins == 1) {
 			ret = 1;
 			goto find_source;
 		}
 
 		/* the entity ID we are looking for is a selector.
 		 * find out what it currently selects */
-		ret = uac_clock_selector_get_val(chip, selector->bClockID);
-		if (ret < 0)
-			return ret;
+		ret = uac_clock_selector_get_val(chip, clock_id);
+		if (ret < 0) {
+			if (!chip->autoclock)
+				return ret;
+			goto find_others;
+		}
 
 		/* Selector values are one-based */
 
-		if (ret > selector->bNrInPins || ret < 1) {
+		if (ret > pins || ret < 1) {
 			usb_audio_err(chip,
 				"%s(): selector reported illegal value, id %d, ret %d\n",
-				__func__, selector->bClockID, ret);
+				__func__, clock_id, ret);
 
-			return -EINVAL;
+			if (!chip->autoclock)
+				return -EINVAL;
+			goto find_others;
 		}
 
 	find_source:
 		cur = ret;
 		ret = __uac_clock_find_source(chip, fmt,
-					      selector->baCSourceID[ret - 1],
+					      sources[ret - 1],
 					      visited, validate);
 		if (ret > 0) {
 			err = uac_clock_selector_set_val(chip, entity_id, cur);
@@ -333,13 +332,14 @@ static int __uac_clock_find_source(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
 		if (!validate || ret > 0 || !chip->autoclock)
 			return ret;
 
+	find_others:
 		/* The current clock source is invalid, try others. */
-		for (i = 1; i <= selector->bNrInPins; i++) {
+		for (i = 1; i <= pins; i++) {
 			if (i == cur)
 				continue;
 
 			ret = __uac_clock_find_source(chip, fmt,
-						      selector->baCSourceID[i - 1],
+						      sources[i - 1],
 						      visited, true);
 			if (ret < 0)
 				continue;
@@ -358,116 +358,15 @@ static int __uac_clock_find_source(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
 	}
 
 	/* FIXME: multipliers only act as pass-thru element for now */
-	multiplier = snd_usb_find_clock_multiplier(chip->ctrl_intf, entity_id);
+	multiplier = snd_usb_find_clock_multiplier(chip, entity_id, proto);
 	if (multiplier)
 		return __uac_clock_find_source(chip, fmt,
-					       multiplier->bCSourceID,
+					       GET_VAL(multiplier, proto, bCSourceID),
 					       visited, validate);
 
 	return -EINVAL;
 }
 
-static int __uac3_clock_find_source(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
-				    const struct audioformat *fmt, int entity_id,
-				    unsigned long *visited, bool validate)
-{
-	struct uac3_clock_source_descriptor *source;
-	struct uac3_clock_selector_descriptor *selector;
-	struct uac3_clock_multiplier_descriptor *multiplier;
-
-	entity_id &= 0xff;
-
-	if (test_and_set_bit(entity_id, visited)) {
-		usb_audio_warn(chip,
-			 "%s(): recursive clock topology detected, id %d.\n",
-			 __func__, entity_id);
-		return -EINVAL;
-	}
-
-	/* first, see if the ID we're looking for is a clock source already */
-	source = snd_usb_find_clock_source_v3(chip->ctrl_intf, entity_id);
-	if (source) {
-		entity_id = source->bClockID;
-		if (validate && !uac_clock_source_is_valid(chip, fmt,
-								entity_id)) {
-			usb_audio_err(chip,
-				"clock source %d is not valid, cannot use\n",
-				entity_id);
-			return -ENXIO;
-		}
-		return entity_id;
-	}
-
-	selector = snd_usb_find_clock_selector_v3(chip->ctrl_intf, entity_id);
-	if (selector) {
-		int ret, i, cur, err;
-
-		/* the entity ID we are looking for is a selector.
-		 * find out what it currently selects */
-		ret = uac_clock_selector_get_val(chip, selector->bClockID);
-		if (ret < 0)
-			return ret;
-
-		/* Selector values are one-based */
-
-		if (ret > selector->bNrInPins || ret < 1) {
-			usb_audio_err(chip,
-				"%s(): selector reported illegal value, id %d, ret %d\n",
-				__func__, selector->bClockID, ret);
-
-			return -EINVAL;
-		}
-
-		cur = ret;
-		ret = __uac3_clock_find_source(chip, fmt,
-					       selector->baCSourceID[ret - 1],
-					       visited, validate);
-		if (ret > 0) {
-			err = uac_clock_selector_set_val(chip, entity_id, cur);
-			if (err < 0)
-				return err;
-		}
-
-		if (!validate || ret > 0 || !chip->autoclock)
-			return ret;
-
-		/* The current clock source is invalid, try others. */
-		for (i = 1; i <= selector->bNrInPins; i++) {
-			int err;
-
-			if (i == cur)
-				continue;
-
-			ret = __uac3_clock_find_source(chip, fmt,
-						       selector->baCSourceID[i - 1],
-						       visited, true);
-			if (ret < 0)
-				continue;
-
-			err = uac_clock_selector_set_val(chip, entity_id, i);
-			if (err < 0)
-				continue;
-
-			usb_audio_info(chip,
-				 "found and selected valid clock source %d\n",
-				 ret);
-			return ret;
-		}
-
-		return -ENXIO;
-	}
-
-	/* FIXME: multipliers only act as pass-thru element for now */
-	multiplier = snd_usb_find_clock_multiplier_v3(chip->ctrl_intf,
-						      entity_id);
-	if (multiplier)
-		return __uac3_clock_find_source(chip, fmt,
-						multiplier->bCSourceID,
-						visited, validate);
-
-	return -EINVAL;
-}
-
 /*
  * For all kinds of sample rate settings and other device queries,
  * the clock source (end-leaf) must be used. However, clock selectors,
@@ -487,10 +386,8 @@ int snd_usb_clock_find_source(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
 
 	switch (fmt->protocol) {
 	case UAC_VERSION_2:
-		return __uac_clock_find_source(chip, fmt, fmt->clock, visited,
-					       validate);
 	case UAC_VERSION_3:
-		return __uac3_clock_find_source(chip, fmt, fmt->clock, visited,
+		return __uac_clock_find_source(chip, fmt, fmt->clock, visited,
 					       validate);
 	default:
 		return -EINVAL;
@@ -593,18 +490,13 @@ int snd_usb_set_sample_rate_v2v3(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
 	u32 bmControls;
 	__le32 data;
 	int err;
+	union uac23_clock_source_desc *cs_desc;
 
-	if (fmt->protocol == UAC_VERSION_3) {
-		struct uac3_clock_source_descriptor *cs_desc;
-
-		cs_desc = snd_usb_find_clock_source_v3(chip->ctrl_intf, clock);
-		bmControls = le32_to_cpu(cs_desc->bmControls);
-	} else {
-		struct uac_clock_source_descriptor *cs_desc;
-
-		cs_desc = snd_usb_find_clock_source(chip->ctrl_intf, clock);
-		bmControls = cs_desc->bmControls;
-	}
+	cs_desc = snd_usb_find_clock_source(chip, clock, fmt->protocol);
+	if (fmt->protocol == UAC_VERSION_3)
+		bmControls = le32_to_cpu(cs_desc->v3.bmControls);
+	else
+		bmControls = cs_desc->v2.bmControls;
 
 	writeable = uac_v2v3_control_is_writeable(bmControls,
 						  UAC2_CS_CONTROL_SAM_FREQ);
@@ -642,6 +534,13 @@ static int set_sample_rate_v2v3(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
 		 * rate.
 		 */
 		clock = snd_usb_clock_find_source(chip, fmt, false);
+
+		/* Denon DN-X1600 hardcoded
+		 * Sample rate seems to be set on the hardware itself
+		 */
+		if (chip->usb_id == USB_ID(0x154e, 0x500e))
+			return 0;
+
 		if (clock < 0)
 			return clock;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/usb/endpoint.c b/sound/usb/endpoint.c
index 014c43862826..da649211bff3 100644
--- a/sound/usb/endpoint.c
+++ b/sound/usb/endpoint.c
@@ -275,6 +275,7 @@ static void prepare_silent_urb(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep,
 
 	urb->number_of_packets = ctx->packets;
 	urb->transfer_buffer_length = offs * ep->stride + ctx->packets * extra;
+	ctx->queued = 0;
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/sound/usb/endpoint.h b/sound/usb/endpoint.h
index eea4ca49876d..a668f675b52b 100644
--- a/sound/usb/endpoint.h
+++ b/sound/usb/endpoint.h
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ void snd_usb_endpoint_close(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
 			    struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep);
 int snd_usb_endpoint_configure(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
 			       struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep);
-void snd_usb_endpoint_suspend(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep);
 
 bool snd_usb_endpoint_compatible(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
 				 struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep,
diff --git a/sound/usb/format.c b/sound/usb/format.c
index 2287f8c65315..eb216fef4ba7 100644
--- a/sound/usb/format.c
+++ b/sound/usb/format.c
@@ -223,9 +223,11 @@ static int parse_audio_format_rates_v1(struct snd_usb_audio *chip, struct audiof
 				continue;
 			/* C-Media CM6501 mislabels its 96 kHz altsetting */
 			/* Terratec Aureon 7.1 USB C-Media 6206, too */
+			/* Ozone Z90 USB C-Media, too */
 			if (rate == 48000 && nr_rates == 1 &&
 			    (chip->usb_id == USB_ID(0x0d8c, 0x0201) ||
 			     chip->usb_id == USB_ID(0x0d8c, 0x0102) ||
+			     chip->usb_id == USB_ID(0x0d8c, 0x0078) ||
 			     chip->usb_id == USB_ID(0x0ccd, 0x00b1)) &&
 			    fp->altsetting == 5 && fp->maxpacksize == 392)
 				rate = 96000;
diff --git a/sound/usb/mixer.c b/sound/usb/mixer.c
index 428d581f988f..30b3e128e28d 100644
--- a/sound/usb/mixer.c
+++ b/sound/usb/mixer.c
@@ -3294,8 +3294,9 @@ static void snd_usb_mixer_dump_cval(struct snd_info_buffer *buffer,
 				    struct usb_mixer_elem_list *list)
 {
 	struct usb_mixer_elem_info *cval = mixer_elem_list_to_info(list);
-	static const char * const val_types[] = {"BOOLEAN", "INV_BOOLEAN",
-				    "S8", "U8", "S16", "U16"};
+	static const char * const val_types[] = {
+		"BOOLEAN", "INV_BOOLEAN", "S8", "U8", "S16", "U16", "S32", "U32",
+	};
 	snd_iprintf(buffer, "    Info: id=%i, control=%i, cmask=0x%x, "
 			    "channels=%i, type=\"%s\"\n", cval->head.id,
 			    cval->control, cval->cmask, cval->channels,
@@ -3605,6 +3606,9 @@ static int restore_mixer_value(struct usb_mixer_elem_list *list)
 	struct usb_mixer_elem_info *cval = mixer_elem_list_to_info(list);
 	int c, err, idx;
 
+	if (cval->val_type == USB_MIXER_BESPOKEN)
+		return 0;
+
 	if (cval->cmask) {
 		idx = 0;
 		for (c = 0; c < MAX_CHANNELS; c++) {
diff --git a/sound/usb/mixer.h b/sound/usb/mixer.h
index e5a01f17bf3c..ea41e7a1f7bf 100644
--- a/sound/usb/mixer.h
+++ b/sound/usb/mixer.h
@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ enum {
 	USB_MIXER_U16,
 	USB_MIXER_S32,
 	USB_MIXER_U32,
+	USB_MIXER_BESPOKEN,	/* non-standard type */
 };
 
 typedef void (*usb_mixer_elem_dump_func_t)(struct snd_info_buffer *buffer,
diff --git a/sound/usb/mixer_quirks.c b/sound/usb/mixer_quirks.c
index 37ad77524c0b..0a3cb8fd7d00 100644
--- a/sound/usb/mixer_quirks.c
+++ b/sound/usb/mixer_quirks.c
@@ -3060,6 +3060,12 @@ int snd_usb_mixer_apply_create_quirk(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer)
 	case USB_ID(0x1235, 0x8203): /* Focusrite Scarlett 6i6 2nd Gen */
 	case USB_ID(0x1235, 0x8204): /* Focusrite Scarlett 18i8 2nd Gen */
 	case USB_ID(0x1235, 0x8201): /* Focusrite Scarlett 18i20 2nd Gen */
+	case USB_ID(0x1235, 0x8211): /* Focusrite Scarlett Solo 3rd Gen */
+	case USB_ID(0x1235, 0x8210): /* Focusrite Scarlett 2i2 3rd Gen */
+	case USB_ID(0x1235, 0x8212): /* Focusrite Scarlett 4i4 3rd Gen */
+	case USB_ID(0x1235, 0x8213): /* Focusrite Scarlett 8i6 3rd Gen */
+	case USB_ID(0x1235, 0x8214): /* Focusrite Scarlett 18i8 3rd Gen */
+	case USB_ID(0x1235, 0x8215): /* Focusrite Scarlett 18i20 3rd Gen */
 		err = snd_scarlett_gen2_init(mixer);
 		break;
 
diff --git a/sound/usb/mixer_scarlett_gen2.c b/sound/usb/mixer_scarlett_gen2.c
index 4caf379d5b99..fcba682cd422 100644
--- a/sound/usb/mixer_scarlett_gen2.c
+++ b/sound/usb/mixer_scarlett_gen2.c
@@ -1,8 +1,13 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
- *   Focusrite Scarlett 6i6/18i8/18i20 Gen 2 Driver for ALSA
+ *   Focusrite Scarlett Gen 2/3 Driver for ALSA
  *
- *   Copyright (c) 2018-2019 by Geoffrey D. Bennett <g at b4.vu>
+ *   Supported models:
+ *   - 6i6/18i8/18i20 Gen 2
+ *   - Solo/2i2/4i4/8i6/18i8/18i20 Gen 3
+ *
+ *   Copyright (c) 2018-2021 by Geoffrey D. Bennett <g at b4.vu>
+ *   Copyright (c) 2020-2021 by Vladimir Sadovnikov <sadko4u@gmail.com>
  *
  *   Based on the Scarlett (Gen 1) Driver for ALSA:
  *
@@ -19,10 +24,6 @@
  *   David Henningsson <david.henningsson at canonical.com>
  */
 
-/* Mixer Interface for the Focusrite Scarlett 6i6/18i8/18i20 Gen 2 audio
- * interface. Based on the Gen 1 driver and rewritten.
- */
-
 /* The protocol was reverse engineered by looking at the communication
  * between Focusrite Control 2.3.4 and the Focusrite(R) Scarlett 18i20
  * (firmware 1083) using usbmon in July-August 2018.
@@ -32,12 +33,33 @@
  * Scarlett 6i6 support added in June 2019 (thanks to Martin Wittmann
  * for providing usbmon output and testing).
  *
- * This ALSA mixer gives access to:
+ * Scarlett 4i4/8i6 Gen 3 support added in May 2020 (thanks to Laurent
+ * Debricon for donating a 4i4 and to Fredrik Unger for providing 8i6
+ * usbmon output and testing).
+ *
+ * Scarlett 18i8/18i20 Gen 3 support added in June 2020 (thanks to
+ * Darren Jaeckel, Alex Sedlack, and Clovis Lunel for providing usbmon
+ * output, protocol traces and testing).
+ *
+ * Support for loading mixer volume and mux configuration from the
+ * interface during driver initialisation added in May 2021 (thanks to
+ * Vladimir Sadovnikov for figuring out how).
+ *
+ * Support for Solo/2i2 Gen 3 added in May 2021 (thanks to Alexander
+ * Vorona for 2i2 protocol traces).
+ *
+ * Support for phantom power, direct monitoring, speaker switching,
+ * and talkback added in May-June 2021.
+ *
+ * This ALSA mixer gives access to (model-dependent):
  *  - input, output, mixer-matrix muxes
- *  - 18x10 mixer-matrix gain stages
- *  - gain/volume controls
+ *  - mixer-matrix gain stages
+ *  - gain/volume/mute controls
  *  - level meters
- *  - line/inst level and pad controls
+ *  - line/inst level, pad, and air controls
+ *  - phantom power, direct monitor, speaker switching, and talkback
+ *    controls
+ *  - disable/enable MSD mode
  *
  * <ditaa>
  *    /--------------\    18chn            20chn     /--------------\
@@ -90,6 +112,14 @@
  *  \--------------/
  * </ditaa>
  *
+ * Gen 3 devices have a Mass Storage Device (MSD) mode where a small
+ * disk with registration and driver download information is presented
+ * to the host. To access the full functionality of the device without
+ * proprietary software, MSD mode can be disabled by:
+ * - holding down the 48V button for five seconds while powering on
+ *   the device, or
+ * - using this driver and alsamixer to change the "MSD Mode" setting
+ *   to Off and power-cycling the device
  */
 
 #include <linux/slab.h>
@@ -108,6 +138,9 @@
 /* device_setup value to enable */
 #define SCARLETT2_ENABLE 0x01
 
+/* device_setup value to allow turning MSD mode back on */
+#define SCARLETT2_MSD_ENABLE 0x02
+
 /* some gui mixers can't handle negative ctl values */
 #define SCARLETT2_VOLUME_BIAS 127
 
@@ -117,11 +150,12 @@
 #define SCARLETT2_MIXER_MAX_DB 6
 #define SCARLETT2_MIXER_MAX_VALUE \
 	((SCARLETT2_MIXER_MAX_DB - SCARLETT2_MIXER_MIN_DB) * 2)
+#define SCARLETT2_MIXER_VALUE_COUNT (SCARLETT2_MIXER_MAX_VALUE + 1)
 
 /* map from (dB + 80) * 2 to mixer value
  * for dB in 0 .. 172: int(8192 * pow(10, ((dB - 160) / 2 / 20)))
  */
-static const u16 scarlett2_mixer_values[173] = {
+static const u16 scarlett2_mixer_values[SCARLETT2_MIXER_VALUE_COUNT] = {
 	0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2,
 	2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 7, 7, 8, 8,
 	9, 9, 10, 10, 11, 12, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21,
@@ -143,23 +177,23 @@ static const u16 scarlett2_mixer_values[173] = {
 
 /* Maximum number of level and pad switches */
 #define SCARLETT2_LEVEL_SWITCH_MAX 2
-#define SCARLETT2_PAD_SWITCH_MAX 4
+#define SCARLETT2_PAD_SWITCH_MAX 8
+#define SCARLETT2_AIR_SWITCH_MAX 8
+#define SCARLETT2_PHANTOM_SWITCH_MAX 2
 
 /* Maximum number of inputs to the mixer */
-#define SCARLETT2_INPUT_MIX_MAX 18
+#define SCARLETT2_INPUT_MIX_MAX 25
 
 /* Maximum number of outputs from the mixer */
-#define SCARLETT2_OUTPUT_MIX_MAX 10
+#define SCARLETT2_OUTPUT_MIX_MAX 12
 
 /* Maximum size of the data in the USB mux assignment message:
- * 18 inputs, 20 outputs, 18 matrix inputs, 8 spare
+ * 20 inputs, 20 outputs, 25 matrix inputs, 12 spare
  */
-#define SCARLETT2_MUX_MAX 64
+#define SCARLETT2_MUX_MAX 77
 
-/* Number of meters:
- * 18 inputs, 20 outputs, 18 matrix inputs
- */
-#define SCARLETT2_NUM_METERS 56
+/* Maximum number of meters (sum of output port counts) */
+#define SCARLETT2_MAX_METERS 65
 
 /* Hardware port types:
  * - None (no input to mux)
@@ -170,74 +204,219 @@ static const u16 scarlett2_mixer_values[173] = {
  * - PCM I/O
  */
 enum {
-	SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_NONE = 0,
+	SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_NONE     = 0,
 	SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE = 1,
-	SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_SPDIF = 2,
-	SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ADAT = 3,
-	SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_MIX = 4,
-	SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_PCM = 5,
-	SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_COUNT = 6,
+	SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_SPDIF    = 2,
+	SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ADAT     = 3,
+	SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_MIX      = 4,
+	SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_PCM      = 5,
+	SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_COUNT    = 6,
 };
 
-/* Count of total I/O and number available at each sample rate */
+/* I/O count of each port type kept in struct scarlett2_ports */
 enum {
-	SCARLETT2_PORT_IN = 0,
-	SCARLETT2_PORT_OUT = 1,
-	SCARLETT2_PORT_OUT_44 = 2,
-	SCARLETT2_PORT_OUT_88 = 3,
-	SCARLETT2_PORT_OUT_176 = 4,
-	SCARLETT2_PORT_DIRECTIONS = 5,
+	SCARLETT2_PORT_IN    = 0,
+	SCARLETT2_PORT_OUT   = 1,
+	SCARLETT2_PORT_DIRNS = 2,
 };
 
-/* Hardware buttons on the 18i20 */
-#define SCARLETT2_BUTTON_MAX 2
+/* Dim/Mute buttons on the 18i20 */
+enum {
+	SCARLETT2_BUTTON_MUTE    = 0,
+	SCARLETT2_BUTTON_DIM     = 1,
+	SCARLETT2_DIM_MUTE_COUNT = 2,
+};
 
-static const char *const scarlett2_button_names[SCARLETT2_BUTTON_MAX] = {
+static const char *const scarlett2_dim_mute_names[SCARLETT2_DIM_MUTE_COUNT] = {
 	"Mute", "Dim"
 };
 
 /* Description of each hardware port type:
- * - id: hardware ID for this port type
- * - num: number of sources/destinations of this port type
+ * - id: hardware ID of this port type
  * - src_descr: printf format string for mux input selections
  * - src_num_offset: added to channel number for the fprintf
  * - dst_descr: printf format string for mixer controls
  */
-struct scarlett2_ports {
+struct scarlett2_port {
 	u16 id;
-	int num[SCARLETT2_PORT_DIRECTIONS];
 	const char * const src_descr;
 	int src_num_offset;
 	const char * const dst_descr;
 };
 
+static const struct scarlett2_port scarlett2_ports[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_COUNT] = {
+	[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_NONE] = {
+		.id = 0x000,
+		.src_descr = "Off"
+	},
+	[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE] = {
+		.id = 0x080,
+		.src_descr = "Analogue %d",
+		.src_num_offset = 1,
+		.dst_descr = "Analogue Output %02d Playback"
+	},
+	[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_SPDIF] = {
+		.id = 0x180,
+		.src_descr = "S/PDIF %d",
+		.src_num_offset = 1,
+		.dst_descr = "S/PDIF Output %d Playback"
+	},
+	[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ADAT] = {
+		.id = 0x200,
+		.src_descr = "ADAT %d",
+		.src_num_offset = 1,
+		.dst_descr = "ADAT Output %d Playback"
+	},
+	[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_MIX] = {
+		.id = 0x300,
+		.src_descr = "Mix %c",
+		.src_num_offset = 'A',
+		.dst_descr = "Mixer Input %02d Capture"
+	},
+	[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_PCM] = {
+		.id = 0x600,
+		.src_descr = "PCM %d",
+		.src_num_offset = 1,
+		.dst_descr = "PCM %02d Capture"
+	},
+};
+
+/* Number of mux tables: one for each band of sample rates
+ * (44.1/48kHz, 88.2/96kHz, and 176.4/176kHz)
+ */
+#define SCARLETT2_MUX_TABLES 3
+
+/* Maximum number of entries in a mux table */
+#define SCARLETT2_MAX_MUX_ENTRIES 10
+
+/* One entry within mux_assignment defines the port type and range of
+ * ports to add to the set_mux message. The end of the list is marked
+ * with count == 0.
+ */
+struct scarlett2_mux_entry {
+	u8 port_type;
+	u8 start;
+	u8 count;
+};
+
 struct scarlett2_device_info {
-	u8 line_out_hw_vol; /* line out hw volume is sw controlled */
-	u8 button_count; /* number of buttons */
-	u8 level_input_count; /* inputs with level selectable */
-	u8 pad_input_count; /* inputs with pad selectable */
+	u32 usb_id; /* USB device identifier */
+
+	/* Gen 3 devices have an internal MSD mode switch that needs
+	 * to be disabled in order to access the full functionality of
+	 * the device.
+	 */
+	u8 has_msd_mode;
+
+	/* Gen 3 devices without a mixer have a different
+	 * configuration set
+	 */
+	u8 has_mixer;
+
+	/* line out hw volume is sw controlled */
+	u8 line_out_hw_vol;
+
+	/* support for main/alt speaker switching */
+	u8 has_speaker_switching;
+
+	/* support for talkback microphone */
+	u8 has_talkback;
+
+	/* the number of analogue inputs with a software switchable
+	 * level control that can be set to line or instrument
+	 */
+	u8 level_input_count;
+
+	/* the first input with a level control (0-based) */
+	u8 level_input_first;
+
+	/* the number of analogue inputs with a software switchable
+	 * 10dB pad control
+	 */
+	u8 pad_input_count;
+
+	/* the number of analogue inputs with a software switchable
+	 * "air" control
+	 */
+	u8 air_input_count;
+
+	/* the number of phantom (48V) software switchable controls */
+	u8 phantom_count;
+
+	/* the number of inputs each phantom switch controls */
+	u8 inputs_per_phantom;
+
+	/* the number of direct monitor options
+	 * (0 = none, 1 = mono only, 2 = mono/stereo)
+	 */
+	u8 direct_monitor;
+
+	/* remap analogue outputs; 18i8 Gen 3 has "line 3/4" connected
+	 * internally to the analogue 7/8 outputs
+	 */
+	u8 line_out_remap_enable;
+	u8 line_out_remap[SCARLETT2_ANALOGUE_MAX];
+
+	/* additional description for the line out volume controls */
 	const char * const line_out_descrs[SCARLETT2_ANALOGUE_MAX];
-	struct scarlett2_ports ports[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_COUNT];
+
+	/* number of sources/destinations of each port type */
+	const int port_count[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_COUNT][SCARLETT2_PORT_DIRNS];
+
+	/* layout/order of the entries in the set_mux message */
+	struct scarlett2_mux_entry mux_assignment[SCARLETT2_MUX_TABLES]
+						 [SCARLETT2_MAX_MUX_ENTRIES];
 };
 
-struct scarlett2_mixer_data {
+struct scarlett2_data {
 	struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer;
 	struct mutex usb_mutex; /* prevent sending concurrent USB requests */
 	struct mutex data_mutex; /* lock access to this data */
 	struct delayed_work work;
 	const struct scarlett2_device_info *info;
+	__u8 bInterfaceNumber;
+	__u8 bEndpointAddress;
+	__u16 wMaxPacketSize;
+	__u8 bInterval;
 	int num_mux_srcs;
+	int num_mux_dsts;
 	u16 scarlett2_seq;
+	u8 sync_updated;
 	u8 vol_updated;
+	u8 input_other_updated;
+	u8 monitor_other_updated;
+	u8 mux_updated;
+	u8 speaker_switching_switched;
+	u8 sync;
 	u8 master_vol;
 	u8 vol[SCARLETT2_ANALOGUE_MAX];
 	u8 vol_sw_hw_switch[SCARLETT2_ANALOGUE_MAX];
+	u8 mute_switch[SCARLETT2_ANALOGUE_MAX];
 	u8 level_switch[SCARLETT2_LEVEL_SWITCH_MAX];
 	u8 pad_switch[SCARLETT2_PAD_SWITCH_MAX];
-	u8 buttons[SCARLETT2_BUTTON_MAX];
+	u8 dim_mute[SCARLETT2_DIM_MUTE_COUNT];
+	u8 air_switch[SCARLETT2_AIR_SWITCH_MAX];
+	u8 phantom_switch[SCARLETT2_PHANTOM_SWITCH_MAX];
+	u8 phantom_persistence;
+	u8 direct_monitor_switch;
+	u8 speaker_switching_switch;
+	u8 talkback_switch;
+	u8 talkback_map[SCARLETT2_OUTPUT_MIX_MAX];
+	u8 msd_switch;
+	struct snd_kcontrol *sync_ctl;
 	struct snd_kcontrol *master_vol_ctl;
 	struct snd_kcontrol *vol_ctls[SCARLETT2_ANALOGUE_MAX];
-	struct snd_kcontrol *button_ctls[SCARLETT2_BUTTON_MAX];
+	struct snd_kcontrol *sw_hw_ctls[SCARLETT2_ANALOGUE_MAX];
+	struct snd_kcontrol *mute_ctls[SCARLETT2_ANALOGUE_MAX];
+	struct snd_kcontrol *dim_mute_ctls[SCARLETT2_DIM_MUTE_COUNT];
+	struct snd_kcontrol *level_ctls[SCARLETT2_LEVEL_SWITCH_MAX];
+	struct snd_kcontrol *pad_ctls[SCARLETT2_PAD_SWITCH_MAX];
+	struct snd_kcontrol *air_ctls[SCARLETT2_AIR_SWITCH_MAX];
+	struct snd_kcontrol *phantom_ctls[SCARLETT2_PHANTOM_SWITCH_MAX];
+	struct snd_kcontrol *mux_ctls[SCARLETT2_MUX_MAX];
+	struct snd_kcontrol *direct_monitor_ctl;
+	struct snd_kcontrol *speaker_switching_ctl;
+	struct snd_kcontrol *talkback_ctl;
 	u8 mux[SCARLETT2_MUX_MAX];
 	u8 mix[SCARLETT2_INPUT_MIX_MAX * SCARLETT2_OUTPUT_MIX_MAX];
 };
@@ -245,66 +424,56 @@ struct scarlett2_mixer_data {
 /*** Model-specific data ***/
 
 static const struct scarlett2_device_info s6i6_gen2_info = {
-	/* The first two analogue inputs can be switched between line
-	 * and instrument levels.
-	 */
-	.level_input_count = 2,
+	.usb_id = USB_ID(0x1235, 0x8203),
 
-	/* The first two analogue inputs have an optional pad. */
+	.has_mixer = 1,
+	.level_input_count = 2,
 	.pad_input_count = 2,
 
 	.line_out_descrs = {
-		"Monitor L",
-		"Monitor R",
-		"Headphones L",
-		"Headphones R",
+		"Headphones 1 L",
+		"Headphones 1 R",
+		"Headphones 2 L",
+		"Headphones 2 R",
 	},
 
-	.ports = {
-		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_NONE] = {
-			.id = 0x000,
-			.num = { 1, 0, 8, 8, 8 },
-			.src_descr = "Off",
-			.src_num_offset = 0,
-		},
-		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE] = {
-			.id = 0x080,
-			.num = { 4, 4, 4, 4, 4 },
-			.src_descr = "Analogue %d",
-			.src_num_offset = 1,
-			.dst_descr = "Analogue Output %02d Playback"
-		},
-		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_SPDIF] = {
-			.id = 0x180,
-			.num = { 2, 2, 2, 2, 2 },
-			.src_descr = "S/PDIF %d",
-			.src_num_offset = 1,
-			.dst_descr = "S/PDIF Output %d Playback"
-		},
-		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_MIX] = {
-			.id = 0x300,
-			.num = { 10, 18, 18, 18, 18 },
-			.src_descr = "Mix %c",
-			.src_num_offset = 65,
-			.dst_descr = "Mixer Input %02d Capture"
-		},
-		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_PCM] = {
-			.id = 0x600,
-			.num = { 6, 6, 6, 6, 6 },
-			.src_descr = "PCM %d",
-			.src_num_offset = 1,
-			.dst_descr = "PCM %02d Capture"
-		},
+	.port_count = {
+		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_NONE]     = {  1,  0 },
+		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE] = {  4,  4 },
+		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_SPDIF]    = {  2,  2 },
+		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_MIX]      = { 10, 18 },
+		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_PCM]      = {  6,  6 },
 	},
+
+	.mux_assignment = { {
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_PCM,      0,  6 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE, 0,  4 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_SPDIF,    0,  2 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_MIX,      0, 18 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_NONE,     0,  8 },
+		{ 0,                            0,  0 },
+	}, {
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_PCM,      0,  6 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE, 0,  4 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_SPDIF,    0,  2 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_MIX,      0, 18 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_NONE,     0,  8 },
+		{ 0,                            0,  0 },
+	}, {
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_PCM,      0,  6 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE, 0,  4 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_SPDIF,    0,  2 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_MIX,      0, 18 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_NONE,     0,  8 },
+		{ 0,                            0,  0 },
+	} },
 };
 
 static const struct scarlett2_device_info s18i8_gen2_info = {
-	/* The first two analogue inputs can be switched between line
-	 * and instrument levels.
-	 */
-	.level_input_count = 2,
+	.usb_id = USB_ID(0x1235, 0x8204),
 
-	/* The first four analogue inputs have an optional pad. */
+	.has_mixer = 1,
+	.level_input_count = 2,
 	.pad_input_count = 4,
 
 	.line_out_descrs = {
@@ -316,62 +485,44 @@ static const struct scarlett2_device_info s18i8_gen2_info = {
 		"Headphones 2 R",
 	},
 
-	.ports = {
-		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_NONE] = {
-			.id = 0x000,
-			.num = { 1, 0, 8, 8, 4 },
-			.src_descr = "Off",
-			.src_num_offset = 0,
-		},
-		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE] = {
-			.id = 0x080,
-			.num = { 8, 6, 6, 6, 6 },
-			.src_descr = "Analogue %d",
-			.src_num_offset = 1,
-			.dst_descr = "Analogue Output %02d Playback"
-		},
-		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_SPDIF] = {
-			.id = 0x180,
-			/* S/PDIF outputs aren't available at 192kHz
-			 * but are included in the USB mux I/O
-			 * assignment message anyway
-			 */
-			.num = { 2, 2, 2, 2, 2 },
-			.src_descr = "S/PDIF %d",
-			.src_num_offset = 1,
-			.dst_descr = "S/PDIF Output %d Playback"
-		},
-		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ADAT] = {
-			.id = 0x200,
-			.num = { 8, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
-			.src_descr = "ADAT %d",
-			.src_num_offset = 1,
-		},
-		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_MIX] = {
-			.id = 0x300,
-			.num = { 10, 18, 18, 18, 18 },
-			.src_descr = "Mix %c",
-			.src_num_offset = 65,
-			.dst_descr = "Mixer Input %02d Capture"
-		},
-		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_PCM] = {
-			.id = 0x600,
-			.num = { 20, 18, 18, 14, 10 },
-			.src_descr = "PCM %d",
-			.src_num_offset = 1,
-			.dst_descr = "PCM %02d Capture"
-		},
+	.port_count = {
+		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_NONE]     = {  1,  0 },
+		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE] = {  8,  6 },
+		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_SPDIF]    = {  2,  2 },
+		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ADAT]     = {  8,  0 },
+		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_MIX]      = { 10, 18 },
+		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_PCM]      = {  8, 18 },
 	},
+
+	.mux_assignment = { {
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_PCM,      0, 18 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE, 0,  6 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_SPDIF,    0,  2 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_MIX,      0, 18 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_NONE,     0,  8 },
+		{ 0,                            0,  0 },
+	}, {
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_PCM,      0, 14 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE, 0,  6 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_SPDIF,    0,  2 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_MIX,      0, 18 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_NONE,     0,  8 },
+		{ 0,                            0,  0 },
+	}, {
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_PCM,      0, 10 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE, 0,  6 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_SPDIF,    0,  2 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_MIX,      0, 18 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_NONE,     0,  4 },
+		{ 0,                            0,  0 },
+	} },
 };
 
 static const struct scarlett2_device_info s18i20_gen2_info = {
-	/* The analogue line outputs on the 18i20 can be switched
-	 * between software and hardware volume control
-	 */
-	.line_out_hw_vol = 1,
+	.usb_id = USB_ID(0x1235, 0x8201),
 
-	/* Mute and dim buttons */
-	.button_count = 2,
+	.has_mixer = 1,
+	.line_out_hw_vol = 1,
 
 	.line_out_descrs = {
 		"Monitor L",
@@ -386,99 +537,364 @@ static const struct scarlett2_device_info s18i20_gen2_info = {
 		"Headphones 2 R",
 	},
 
-	.ports = {
-		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_NONE] = {
-			.id = 0x000,
-			.num = { 1, 0, 8, 8, 6 },
-			.src_descr = "Off",
-			.src_num_offset = 0,
-		},
-		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE] = {
-			.id = 0x080,
-			.num = { 8, 10, 10, 10, 10 },
-			.src_descr = "Analogue %d",
-			.src_num_offset = 1,
-			.dst_descr = "Analogue Output %02d Playback"
-		},
-		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_SPDIF] = {
-			/* S/PDIF outputs aren't available at 192kHz
-			 * but are included in the USB mux I/O
-			 * assignment message anyway
-			 */
-			.id = 0x180,
-			.num = { 2, 2, 2, 2, 2 },
-			.src_descr = "S/PDIF %d",
-			.src_num_offset = 1,
-			.dst_descr = "S/PDIF Output %d Playback"
-		},
-		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ADAT] = {
-			.id = 0x200,
-			.num = { 8, 8, 8, 4, 0 },
-			.src_descr = "ADAT %d",
-			.src_num_offset = 1,
-			.dst_descr = "ADAT Output %d Playback"
-		},
-		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_MIX] = {
-			.id = 0x300,
-			.num = { 10, 18, 18, 18, 18 },
-			.src_descr = "Mix %c",
-			.src_num_offset = 65,
-			.dst_descr = "Mixer Input %02d Capture"
-		},
-		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_PCM] = {
-			.id = 0x600,
-			.num = { 20, 18, 18, 14, 10 },
-			.src_descr = "PCM %d",
-			.src_num_offset = 1,
-			.dst_descr = "PCM %02d Capture"
-		},
+	.port_count = {
+		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_NONE]     = {  1,  0 },
+		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE] = {  8, 10 },
+		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_SPDIF]    = {  2,  2 },
+		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ADAT]     = {  8,  8 },
+		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_MIX]      = { 10, 18 },
+		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_PCM]      = { 20, 18 },
+	},
+
+	.mux_assignment = { {
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_PCM,      0, 18 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE, 0, 10 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_SPDIF,    0,  2 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ADAT,     0,  8 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_MIX,      0, 18 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_NONE,     0,  8 },
+		{ 0,                            0,  0 },
+	}, {
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_PCM,      0, 14 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE, 0, 10 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_SPDIF,    0,  2 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ADAT,     0,  4 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_MIX,      0, 18 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_NONE,     0,  8 },
+		{ 0,                            0,  0 },
+	}, {
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_PCM,      0, 10 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE, 0, 10 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_SPDIF,    0,  2 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_MIX,      0, 18 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_NONE,     0,  6 },
+		{ 0,                            0,  0 },
+	} },
+};
+
+static const struct scarlett2_device_info solo_gen3_info = {
+	.usb_id = USB_ID(0x1235, 0x8211),
+
+	.has_msd_mode = 1,
+	.level_input_count = 1,
+	.level_input_first = 1,
+	.air_input_count = 1,
+	.phantom_count = 1,
+	.inputs_per_phantom = 1,
+	.direct_monitor = 1,
+};
+
+static const struct scarlett2_device_info s2i2_gen3_info = {
+	.usb_id = USB_ID(0x1235, 0x8210),
+
+	.has_msd_mode = 1,
+	.level_input_count = 2,
+	.air_input_count = 2,
+	.phantom_count = 1,
+	.inputs_per_phantom = 2,
+	.direct_monitor = 2,
+};
+
+static const struct scarlett2_device_info s4i4_gen3_info = {
+	.usb_id = USB_ID(0x1235, 0x8212),
+
+	.has_msd_mode = 1,
+	.has_mixer = 1,
+	.level_input_count = 2,
+	.pad_input_count = 2,
+	.air_input_count = 2,
+	.phantom_count = 1,
+	.inputs_per_phantom = 2,
+
+	.line_out_descrs = {
+		"Monitor L",
+		"Monitor R",
+		"Headphones L",
+		"Headphones R",
+	},
+
+	.port_count = {
+		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_NONE]     = { 1, 0 },
+		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE] = { 4, 4 },
+		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_MIX]      = { 6, 8 },
+		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_PCM]      = { 4, 6 },
+	},
+
+	.mux_assignment = { {
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_PCM,      0,  6 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE, 0,  4 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_MIX,      0,  8 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_NONE,     0, 16 },
+		{ 0,                            0,  0 },
+	}, {
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_PCM,      0,  6 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE, 0,  4 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_MIX,      0,  8 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_NONE,     0, 16 },
+		{ 0,                            0,  0 },
+	}, {
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_PCM,      0,  6 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE, 0,  4 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_MIX,      0,  8 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_NONE,     0, 16 },
+		{ 0,                            0,  0 },
+	} },
+};
+
+static const struct scarlett2_device_info s8i6_gen3_info = {
+	.usb_id = USB_ID(0x1235, 0x8213),
+
+	.has_msd_mode = 1,
+	.has_mixer = 1,
+	.level_input_count = 2,
+	.pad_input_count = 2,
+	.air_input_count = 2,
+	.phantom_count = 1,
+	.inputs_per_phantom = 2,
+
+	.line_out_descrs = {
+		"Headphones 1 L",
+		"Headphones 1 R",
+		"Headphones 2 L",
+		"Headphones 2 R",
+	},
+
+	.port_count = {
+		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_NONE]     = { 1,  0 },
+		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE] = { 6,  4 },
+		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_SPDIF]    = { 2,  2 },
+		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_MIX]      = { 8,  8 },
+		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_PCM]      = { 6, 10 },
+	},
+
+	.mux_assignment = { {
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_PCM,      0,  8 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE, 0,  4 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_SPDIF,    0,  2 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_PCM,      8,  2 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_MIX,      0,  8 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_NONE,     0, 18 },
+		{ 0,                            0,  0 },
+	}, {
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_PCM,      0,  8 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE, 0,  4 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_SPDIF,    0,  2 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_PCM,      8,  2 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_MIX,      0,  8 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_NONE,     0, 18 },
+		{ 0,                            0,  0 },
+	}, {
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_PCM,      0,  8 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE, 0,  4 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_SPDIF,    0,  2 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_PCM,      8,  2 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_MIX,      0,  8 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_NONE,     0, 18 },
+		{ 0,                            0,  0 },
+	} },
+};
+
+static const struct scarlett2_device_info s18i8_gen3_info = {
+	.usb_id = USB_ID(0x1235, 0x8214),
+
+	.has_msd_mode = 1,
+	.has_mixer = 1,
+	.line_out_hw_vol = 1,
+	.has_speaker_switching = 1,
+	.level_input_count = 2,
+	.pad_input_count = 2,
+	.air_input_count = 4,
+	.phantom_count = 2,
+	.inputs_per_phantom = 2,
+
+	.line_out_remap_enable = 1,
+	.line_out_remap = { 0, 1, 6, 7, 2, 3, 4, 5 },
+
+	.line_out_descrs = {
+		"Monitor L",
+		"Monitor R",
+		"Alt Monitor L",
+		"Alt Monitor R",
+		"Headphones 1 L",
+		"Headphones 1 R",
+		"Headphones 2 L",
+		"Headphones 2 R",
+	},
+
+	.port_count = {
+		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_NONE]     = {  1,  0 },
+		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE] = {  8,  8 },
+		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_SPDIF]    = {  2,  2 },
+		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ADAT]     = {  8,  0 },
+		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_MIX]      = { 10, 20 },
+		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_PCM]      = {  8, 20 },
+	},
+
+	.mux_assignment = { {
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_PCM,       0, 10 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_PCM,      12,  8 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE,  0,  2 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE,  6,  2 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE,  2,  4 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_SPDIF,     0,  2 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_PCM,      10,  2 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_MIX,       0, 20 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_NONE,      0, 10 },
+		{ 0,                             0,  0 },
+	}, {
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_PCM,       0, 10 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_PCM,      12,  4 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE,  0,  2 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE,  6,  2 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE,  2,  4 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_SPDIF,     0,  2 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_PCM,      10,  2 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_MIX,       0, 20 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_NONE,      0, 10 },
+		{ 0,                             0,  0 },
+	}, {
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_PCM,       0, 10 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE,  0,  2 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE,  6,  2 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE,  2,  4 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_SPDIF,     0,  2 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_MIX,       0, 20 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_NONE,      0, 10 },
+		{ 0,                             0,  0 },
+	} },
+};
+
+static const struct scarlett2_device_info s18i20_gen3_info = {
+	.usb_id = USB_ID(0x1235, 0x8215),
+
+	.has_msd_mode = 1,
+	.has_mixer = 1,
+	.line_out_hw_vol = 1,
+	.has_speaker_switching = 1,
+	.has_talkback = 1,
+	.level_input_count = 2,
+	.pad_input_count = 8,
+	.air_input_count = 8,
+	.phantom_count = 2,
+	.inputs_per_phantom = 4,
+
+	.line_out_descrs = {
+		"Monitor 1 L",
+		"Monitor 1 R",
+		"Monitor 2 L",
+		"Monitor 2 R",
+		NULL,
+		NULL,
+		"Headphones 1 L",
+		"Headphones 1 R",
+		"Headphones 2 L",
+		"Headphones 2 R",
+	},
+
+	.port_count = {
+		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_NONE]     = {  1,  0 },
+		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE] = {  9, 10 },
+		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_SPDIF]    = {  2,  2 },
+		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ADAT]     = {  8,  8 },
+		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_MIX]      = { 12, 25 },
+		[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_PCM]      = { 20, 20 },
 	},
+
+	.mux_assignment = { {
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_PCM,       0,  8 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_PCM,      10, 10 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE,  0, 10 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_SPDIF,     0,  2 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ADAT,      0,  8 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_PCM,       8,  2 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_MIX,       0, 25 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_NONE,      0, 12 },
+		{ 0,                             0,  0 },
+	}, {
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_PCM,       0,  8 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_PCM,      10,  8 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE,  0, 10 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_SPDIF,     0,  2 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ADAT,      0,  8 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_PCM,       8,  2 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_MIX,       0, 25 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_NONE,      0, 10 },
+		{ 0,                             0,  0 },
+	}, {
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_PCM,       0, 10 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE,  0, 10 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_SPDIF,     0,  2 },
+		{ SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_NONE,      0, 24 },
+		{ 0,                             0,  0 },
+	} },
+};
+
+static const struct scarlett2_device_info *scarlett2_devices[] = {
+	/* Supported Gen 2 devices */
+	&s6i6_gen2_info,
+	&s18i8_gen2_info,
+	&s18i20_gen2_info,
+
+	/* Supported Gen 3 devices */
+	&solo_gen3_info,
+	&s2i2_gen3_info,
+	&s4i4_gen3_info,
+	&s8i6_gen3_info,
+	&s18i8_gen3_info,
+	&s18i20_gen3_info,
+
+	/* End of list */
+	NULL
 };
 
 /* get the starting port index number for a given port type/direction */
-static int scarlett2_get_port_start_num(const struct scarlett2_ports *ports,
-					int direction, int port_type)
+static int scarlett2_get_port_start_num(
+	const int port_count[][SCARLETT2_PORT_DIRNS],
+	int direction, int port_type)
 {
 	int i, num = 0;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < port_type; i++)
-		num += ports[i].num[direction];
+		num += port_count[i][direction];
 
 	return num;
 }
 
 /*** USB Interactions ***/
 
-/* Vendor-Specific Interface, Endpoint, MaxPacketSize, Interval */
-#define SCARLETT2_USB_VENDOR_SPECIFIC_INTERFACE 5
-#define SCARLETT2_USB_INTERRUPT_ENDPOINT 4
-#define SCARLETT2_USB_INTERRUPT_MAX_DATA 64
-#define SCARLETT2_USB_INTERRUPT_INTERVAL 3
-
-/* Interrupt flags for volume and mute/dim button changes */
-#define SCARLETT2_USB_INTERRUPT_VOL_CHANGE 0x400000
-#define SCARLETT2_USB_INTERRUPT_BUTTON_CHANGE 0x200000
+/* Notifications from the interface */
+#define SCARLETT2_USB_NOTIFY_SYNC          0x00000008
+#define SCARLETT2_USB_NOTIFY_DIM_MUTE      0x00200000
+#define SCARLETT2_USB_NOTIFY_MONITOR       0x00400000
+#define SCARLETT2_USB_NOTIFY_INPUT_OTHER   0x00800000
+#define SCARLETT2_USB_NOTIFY_MONITOR_OTHER 0x01000000
 
 /* Commands for sending/receiving requests/responses */
-#define SCARLETT2_USB_VENDOR_SPECIFIC_CMD_REQ 2
-#define SCARLETT2_USB_VENDOR_SPECIFIC_CMD_RESP 3
-
-#define SCARLETT2_USB_INIT_SEQ 0x00000000
-#define SCARLETT2_USB_GET_METER_LEVELS 0x00001001
-#define SCARLETT2_USB_SET_MIX 0x00002002
-#define SCARLETT2_USB_SET_MUX 0x00003002
-#define SCARLETT2_USB_GET_DATA 0x00800000
-#define SCARLETT2_USB_SET_DATA 0x00800001
-#define SCARLETT2_USB_DATA_CMD 0x00800002
+#define SCARLETT2_USB_CMD_INIT 0
+#define SCARLETT2_USB_CMD_REQ  2
+#define SCARLETT2_USB_CMD_RESP 3
+
+#define SCARLETT2_USB_INIT_1    0x00000000
+#define SCARLETT2_USB_INIT_2    0x00000002
+#define SCARLETT2_USB_GET_METER 0x00001001
+#define SCARLETT2_USB_GET_MIX   0x00002001
+#define SCARLETT2_USB_SET_MIX   0x00002002
+#define SCARLETT2_USB_GET_MUX   0x00003001
+#define SCARLETT2_USB_SET_MUX   0x00003002
+#define SCARLETT2_USB_GET_SYNC  0x00006004
+#define SCARLETT2_USB_GET_DATA  0x00800000
+#define SCARLETT2_USB_SET_DATA  0x00800001
+#define SCARLETT2_USB_DATA_CMD  0x00800002
+
 #define SCARLETT2_USB_CONFIG_SAVE 6
 
 #define SCARLETT2_USB_VOLUME_STATUS_OFFSET 0x31
 #define SCARLETT2_USB_METER_LEVELS_GET_MAGIC 1
 
-/* volume status is read together (matches scarlett2_config_items[]) */
+/* volume status is read together (matches scarlett2_config_items[1]) */
 struct scarlett2_usb_volume_status {
-	/* mute & dim buttons */
-	u8 buttons[SCARLETT2_BUTTON_MAX];
+	/* dim/mute buttons */
+	u8 dim_mute[SCARLETT2_DIM_MUTE_COUNT];
 
 	u8 pad1;
 
@@ -488,7 +904,8 @@ struct scarlett2_usb_volume_status {
 	/* actual volume of output inc. dim (-18dB) */
 	s16 hw_vol[SCARLETT2_ANALOGUE_MAX];
 
-	u8 pad2[SCARLETT2_ANALOGUE_MAX];
+	/* internal mute buttons */
+	u8 mute_switch[SCARLETT2_ANALOGUE_MAX];
 
 	/* sw (0) or hw (1) controlled */
 	u8 sw_hw_switch[SCARLETT2_ANALOGUE_MAX];
@@ -501,16 +918,25 @@ struct scarlett2_usb_volume_status {
 
 /* Configuration parameters that can be read and written */
 enum {
-	SCARLETT2_CONFIG_BUTTONS = 0,
+	SCARLETT2_CONFIG_DIM_MUTE = 0,
 	SCARLETT2_CONFIG_LINE_OUT_VOLUME = 1,
-	SCARLETT2_CONFIG_SW_HW_SWITCH = 2,
-	SCARLETT2_CONFIG_LEVEL_SWITCH = 3,
-	SCARLETT2_CONFIG_PAD_SWITCH = 4,
-	SCARLETT2_CONFIG_COUNT = 5
+	SCARLETT2_CONFIG_MUTE_SWITCH = 2,
+	SCARLETT2_CONFIG_SW_HW_SWITCH = 3,
+	SCARLETT2_CONFIG_LEVEL_SWITCH = 4,
+	SCARLETT2_CONFIG_PAD_SWITCH = 5,
+	SCARLETT2_CONFIG_MSD_SWITCH = 6,
+	SCARLETT2_CONFIG_AIR_SWITCH = 7,
+	SCARLETT2_CONFIG_PHANTOM_SWITCH = 8,
+	SCARLETT2_CONFIG_PHANTOM_PERSISTENCE = 9,
+	SCARLETT2_CONFIG_DIRECT_MONITOR = 10,
+	SCARLETT2_CONFIG_MONITOR_OTHER_SWITCH = 11,
+	SCARLETT2_CONFIG_MONITOR_OTHER_ENABLE = 12,
+	SCARLETT2_CONFIG_TALKBACK_MAP = 13,
+	SCARLETT2_CONFIG_COUNT = 14
 };
 
 /* Location, size, and activation command number for the configuration
- * parameters
+ * parameters. Size is in bits and may be 1, 8, or 16.
  */
 struct scarlett2_config {
 	u8 offset;
@@ -518,43 +944,73 @@ struct scarlett2_config {
 	u8 activate;
 };
 
+/* scarlett2_config_items[0] is for devices without a mixer
+ * scarlett2_config_items[1] is for devices with a mixer
+ */
 static const struct scarlett2_config
-		scarlett2_config_items[SCARLETT2_CONFIG_COUNT] = {
-	/* Mute/Dim Buttons */
-	{
-		.offset = 0x31,
-		.size = 1,
-		.activate = 2
-	},
+	scarlett2_config_items[2][SCARLETT2_CONFIG_COUNT] =
 
-	/* Line Out Volume */
-	{
-		.offset = 0x34,
-		.size = 2,
-		.activate = 1
-	},
+/* Devices without a mixer (Solo and 2i2 Gen 3) */
+{ {
+	[SCARLETT2_CONFIG_MSD_SWITCH] = {
+		.offset = 0x04, .size = 8, .activate = 6 },
 
-	/* SW/HW Volume Switch */
-	{
-		.offset = 0x66,
-		.size = 1,
-		.activate = 3
-	},
+	[SCARLETT2_CONFIG_PHANTOM_PERSISTENCE] = {
+		.offset = 0x05, .size = 8, .activate = 6 },
 
-	/* Level Switch */
-	{
-		.offset = 0x7c,
-		.size = 1,
-		.activate = 7
-	},
+	[SCARLETT2_CONFIG_PHANTOM_SWITCH] = {
+		.offset = 0x06, .size = 8, .activate = 3 },
 
-	/* Pad Switch */
-	{
-		.offset = 0x84,
-		.size = 1,
-		.activate = 8
-	}
-};
+	[SCARLETT2_CONFIG_DIRECT_MONITOR] = {
+		.offset = 0x07, .size = 8, .activate = 4 },
+
+	[SCARLETT2_CONFIG_LEVEL_SWITCH] = {
+		.offset = 0x08, .size = 1, .activate = 7 },
+
+	[SCARLETT2_CONFIG_AIR_SWITCH] = {
+		.offset = 0x09, .size = 1, .activate = 8 },
+
+/* Devices with a mixer (Gen 2 and all other Gen 3) */
+}, {
+	[SCARLETT2_CONFIG_DIM_MUTE] = {
+		.offset = 0x31, .size = 8, .activate = 2 },
+
+	[SCARLETT2_CONFIG_LINE_OUT_VOLUME] = {
+		.offset = 0x34, .size = 16, .activate = 1 },
+
+	[SCARLETT2_CONFIG_MUTE_SWITCH] = {
+		.offset = 0x5c, .size = 8, .activate = 1 },
+
+	[SCARLETT2_CONFIG_SW_HW_SWITCH] = {
+		.offset = 0x66, .size = 8, .activate = 3 },
+
+	[SCARLETT2_CONFIG_LEVEL_SWITCH] = {
+		.offset = 0x7c, .size = 8, .activate = 7 },
+
+	[SCARLETT2_CONFIG_PAD_SWITCH] = {
+		.offset = 0x84, .size = 8, .activate = 8 },
+
+	[SCARLETT2_CONFIG_AIR_SWITCH] = {
+		.offset = 0x8c, .size = 8, .activate = 8 },
+
+	[SCARLETT2_CONFIG_PHANTOM_SWITCH] = {
+		.offset = 0x9c, .size = 1, .activate = 8 },
+
+	[SCARLETT2_CONFIG_MSD_SWITCH] = {
+		.offset = 0x9d, .size = 8, .activate = 6 },
+
+	[SCARLETT2_CONFIG_PHANTOM_PERSISTENCE] = {
+		.offset = 0x9e, .size = 8, .activate = 6 },
+
+	[SCARLETT2_CONFIG_MONITOR_OTHER_SWITCH] = {
+		.offset = 0x9f, .size = 1, .activate = 10 },
+
+	[SCARLETT2_CONFIG_MONITOR_OTHER_ENABLE] = {
+		.offset = 0xa0, .size = 1, .activate = 10 },
+
+	[SCARLETT2_CONFIG_TALKBACK_MAP] = {
+		.offset = 0xb0, .size = 16, .activate = 10 },
+} };
 
 /* proprietary request/response format */
 struct scarlett2_usb_packet {
@@ -566,9 +1022,7 @@ struct scarlett2_usb_packet {
 	u8 data[];
 };
 
-#define SCARLETT2_USB_PACKET_LEN (sizeof(struct scarlett2_usb_packet))
-
-static void scarlett2_fill_request_header(struct scarlett2_mixer_data *private,
+static void scarlett2_fill_request_header(struct scarlett2_data *private,
 					  struct scarlett2_usb_packet *req,
 					  u32 cmd, u16 req_size)
 {
@@ -582,16 +1036,35 @@ static void scarlett2_fill_request_header(struct scarlett2_mixer_data *private,
 	req->pad = 0;
 }
 
+static int scarlett2_usb_tx(struct usb_device *dev, int interface,
+			    void *buf, u16 size)
+{
+	return snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			SCARLETT2_USB_CMD_REQ,
+			USB_RECIP_INTERFACE | USB_TYPE_CLASS | USB_DIR_OUT,
+			0, interface, buf, size);
+}
+
+static int scarlett2_usb_rx(struct usb_device *dev, int interface,
+			    u32 usb_req, void *buf, u16 size)
+{
+	return snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_rcvctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			usb_req,
+			USB_RECIP_INTERFACE | USB_TYPE_CLASS | USB_DIR_IN,
+			0, interface, buf, size);
+}
+
 /* Send a proprietary format request to the Scarlett interface */
 static int scarlett2_usb(
 	struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer, u32 cmd,
 	void *req_data, u16 req_size, void *resp_data, u16 resp_size)
 {
-	struct scarlett2_mixer_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+	struct usb_device *dev = mixer->chip->dev;
 	u16 req_buf_size = sizeof(struct scarlett2_usb_packet) + req_size;
 	u16 resp_buf_size = sizeof(struct scarlett2_usb_packet) + resp_size;
-	struct scarlett2_usb_packet *req = NULL, *resp = NULL;
-	int err = 0;
+	struct scarlett2_usb_packet *req, *resp = NULL;
+	int err;
 
 	req = kmalloc(req_buf_size, GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (!req) {
@@ -614,19 +1087,13 @@ static int scarlett2_usb(
 	if (req_size)
 		memcpy(req->data, req_data, req_size);
 
-	err = snd_usb_ctl_msg(mixer->chip->dev,
-			usb_sndctrlpipe(mixer->chip->dev, 0),
-			SCARLETT2_USB_VENDOR_SPECIFIC_CMD_REQ,
-			USB_RECIP_INTERFACE | USB_TYPE_CLASS | USB_DIR_OUT,
-			0,
-			SCARLETT2_USB_VENDOR_SPECIFIC_INTERFACE,
-			req,
-			req_buf_size);
+	err = scarlett2_usb_tx(dev, private->bInterfaceNumber,
+			       req, req_buf_size);
 
 	if (err != req_buf_size) {
 		usb_audio_err(
 			mixer->chip,
-			"Scarlett Gen 2 USB request result cmd %x was %d\n",
+			"Scarlett Gen 2/3 USB request result cmd %x was %d\n",
 			cmd, err);
 		err = -EINVAL;
 		goto unlock;
@@ -634,34 +1101,34 @@ static int scarlett2_usb(
 
 	/* send a second message to get the response */
 
-	err = snd_usb_ctl_msg(mixer->chip->dev,
-			usb_rcvctrlpipe(mixer->chip->dev, 0),
-			SCARLETT2_USB_VENDOR_SPECIFIC_CMD_RESP,
-			USB_RECIP_INTERFACE | USB_TYPE_CLASS | USB_DIR_IN,
-			0,
-			SCARLETT2_USB_VENDOR_SPECIFIC_INTERFACE,
-			resp,
-			resp_buf_size);
+	err = scarlett2_usb_rx(dev, private->bInterfaceNumber,
+			       SCARLETT2_USB_CMD_RESP,
+			       resp, resp_buf_size);
 
 	/* validate the response */
 
 	if (err != resp_buf_size) {
 		usb_audio_err(
 			mixer->chip,
-			"Scarlett Gen 2 USB response result cmd %x was %d\n",
-			cmd, err);
+			"Scarlett Gen 2/3 USB response result cmd %x was %d "
+			"expected %d\n",
+			cmd, err, resp_buf_size);
 		err = -EINVAL;
 		goto unlock;
 	}
 
+	/* cmd/seq/size should match except when initialising
+	 * seq sent = 1, response = 0
+	 */
 	if (resp->cmd != req->cmd ||
-	    resp->seq != req->seq ||
+	    (resp->seq != req->seq &&
+		(le16_to_cpu(req->seq) != 1 || resp->seq != 0)) ||
 	    resp_size != le16_to_cpu(resp->size) ||
 	    resp->error ||
 	    resp->pad) {
 		usb_audio_err(
 			mixer->chip,
-			"Scarlett Gen 2 USB invalid response; "
+			"Scarlett Gen 2/3 USB invalid response; "
 			   "cmd tx/rx %d/%d seq %d/%d size %d/%d "
 			   "error %d pad %d\n",
 			le32_to_cpu(req->cmd), le32_to_cpu(resp->cmd),
@@ -673,7 +1140,7 @@ static int scarlett2_usb(
 		goto unlock;
 	}
 
-	if (resp_size > 0)
+	if (resp_data && resp_size > 0)
 		memcpy(resp_data, resp->data, resp_size);
 
 unlock:
@@ -684,6 +1151,58 @@ error:
 	return err;
 }
 
+/* Send a USB message to get data; result placed in *buf */
+static int scarlett2_usb_get(
+	struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer,
+	int offset, void *buf, int size)
+{
+	struct {
+		__le32 offset;
+		__le32 size;
+	} __packed req;
+
+	req.offset = cpu_to_le32(offset);
+	req.size = cpu_to_le32(size);
+	return scarlett2_usb(mixer, SCARLETT2_USB_GET_DATA,
+			     &req, sizeof(req), buf, size);
+}
+
+/* Send a USB message to get configuration parameters; result placed in *buf */
+static int scarlett2_usb_get_config(
+	struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer,
+	int config_item_num, int count, void *buf)
+{
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+	const struct scarlett2_device_info *info = private->info;
+	const struct scarlett2_config *config_item =
+		&scarlett2_config_items[info->has_mixer][config_item_num];
+	int size, err, i;
+	u8 value;
+
+	/* For byte-sized parameters, retrieve directly into buf */
+	if (config_item->size >= 8) {
+		size = config_item->size / 8 * count;
+		err = scarlett2_usb_get(mixer, config_item->offset, buf, size);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+		if (size == 2)
+			for (i = 0; i < count; i++, (u16 *)buf++)
+				*(u16 *)buf = le16_to_cpu(*(__le16 *)buf);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/* For bit-sized parameters, retrieve into value */
+	err = scarlett2_usb_get(mixer, config_item->offset, &value, 1);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	/* then unpack from value into buf[] */
+	for (i = 0; i < 8 && i < count; i++, value >>= 1)
+		*(u8 *)buf++ = value & 1;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
 /* Send SCARLETT2_USB_DATA_CMD SCARLETT2_USB_CONFIG_SAVE */
 static void scarlett2_config_save(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer)
 {
@@ -697,82 +1216,97 @@ static void scarlett2_config_save(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer)
 /* Delayed work to save config */
 static void scarlett2_config_save_work(struct work_struct *work)
 {
-	struct scarlett2_mixer_data *private =
-		container_of(work, struct scarlett2_mixer_data, work.work);
+	struct scarlett2_data *private =
+		container_of(work, struct scarlett2_data, work.work);
 
 	scarlett2_config_save(private->mixer);
 }
 
-/* Send a USB message to set a configuration parameter (volume level,
- * sw/hw volume switch, line/inst level switch, or pad switch)
- */
+/* Send a USB message to set a SCARLETT2_CONFIG_* parameter */
 static int scarlett2_usb_set_config(
 	struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer,
 	int config_item_num, int index, int value)
 {
-	const struct scarlett2_config config_item =
-	       scarlett2_config_items[config_item_num];
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+	const struct scarlett2_device_info *info = private->info;
+	const struct scarlett2_config *config_item =
+	       &scarlett2_config_items[info->has_mixer][config_item_num];
 	struct {
 		__le32 offset;
 		__le32 bytes;
 		__le32 value;
 	} __packed req;
 	__le32 req2;
+	int offset, size;
 	int err;
-	struct scarlett2_mixer_data *private = mixer->private_data;
 
 	/* Cancel any pending NVRAM save */
 	cancel_delayed_work_sync(&private->work);
 
+	/* Convert config_item->size in bits to size in bytes and
+	 * calculate offset
+	 */
+	if (config_item->size >= 8) {
+		size = config_item->size / 8;
+		offset = config_item->offset + index * size;
+
+	/* If updating a bit, retrieve the old value, set/clear the
+	 * bit as needed, and update value
+	 */
+	} else {
+		u8 tmp;
+
+		size = 1;
+		offset = config_item->offset;
+
+		scarlett2_usb_get(mixer, offset, &tmp, 1);
+		if (value)
+			tmp |= (1 << index);
+		else
+			tmp &= ~(1 << index);
+
+		value = tmp;
+	}
+
 	/* Send the configuration parameter data */
-	req.offset = cpu_to_le32(config_item.offset + index * config_item.size);
-	req.bytes = cpu_to_le32(config_item.size);
+	req.offset = cpu_to_le32(offset);
+	req.bytes = cpu_to_le32(size);
 	req.value = cpu_to_le32(value);
 	err = scarlett2_usb(mixer, SCARLETT2_USB_SET_DATA,
-			    &req, sizeof(u32) * 2 + config_item.size,
+			    &req, sizeof(u32) * 2 + size,
 			    NULL, 0);
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	/* Activate the change */
-	req2 = cpu_to_le32(config_item.activate);
+	req2 = cpu_to_le32(config_item->activate);
 	err = scarlett2_usb(mixer, SCARLETT2_USB_DATA_CMD,
 			    &req2, sizeof(req2), NULL, 0);
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	/* Schedule the change to be written to NVRAM */
-	schedule_delayed_work(&private->work, msecs_to_jiffies(2000));
+	if (config_item->activate != SCARLETT2_USB_CONFIG_SAVE)
+		schedule_delayed_work(&private->work, msecs_to_jiffies(2000));
 
 	return 0;
 }
 
-/* Send a USB message to get data; result placed in *buf */
-static int scarlett2_usb_get(
+/* Send a USB message to get sync status; result placed in *sync */
+static int scarlett2_usb_get_sync_status(
 	struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer,
-	int offset, void *buf, int size)
+	u8 *sync)
 {
-	struct {
-		__le32 offset;
-		__le32 size;
-	} __packed req;
-
-	req.offset = cpu_to_le32(offset);
-	req.size = cpu_to_le32(size);
-	return scarlett2_usb(mixer, SCARLETT2_USB_GET_DATA,
-			     &req, sizeof(req), buf, size);
-}
+	__le32 data;
+	int err;
 
-/* Send a USB message to get configuration parameters; result placed in *buf */
-static int scarlett2_usb_get_config(
-	struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer,
-	int config_item_num, int count, void *buf)
-{
-	const struct scarlett2_config config_item =
-	       scarlett2_config_items[config_item_num];
-	int size = config_item.size * count;
+	err = scarlett2_usb(mixer, SCARLETT2_USB_GET_SYNC,
+			    NULL, 0, &data, sizeof(data));
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
 
-	return scarlett2_usb_get(mixer, config_item.offset, buf, size);
+	*sync = !!data;
+	return 0;
 }
 
 /* Send a USB message to get volume status; result placed in *buf */
@@ -784,13 +1318,56 @@ static int scarlett2_usb_get_volume_status(
 				 buf, sizeof(*buf));
 }
 
+/* Send a USB message to get the volumes for all inputs of one mix
+ * and put the values into private->mix[]
+ */
+static int scarlett2_usb_get_mix(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer,
+				 int mix_num)
+{
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+	const struct scarlett2_device_info *info = private->info;
+
+	int num_mixer_in =
+		info->port_count[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_MIX][SCARLETT2_PORT_OUT];
+	int err, i, j, k;
+
+	struct {
+		__le16 mix_num;
+		__le16 count;
+	} __packed req;
+
+	__le16 data[SCARLETT2_INPUT_MIX_MAX];
+
+	req.mix_num = cpu_to_le16(mix_num);
+	req.count = cpu_to_le16(num_mixer_in);
+
+	err = scarlett2_usb(mixer, SCARLETT2_USB_GET_MIX,
+			    &req, sizeof(req),
+			    data, num_mixer_in * sizeof(u16));
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	for (i = 0, j = mix_num * num_mixer_in; i < num_mixer_in; i++, j++) {
+		u16 mixer_value = le16_to_cpu(data[i]);
+
+		for (k = 0; k < SCARLETT2_MIXER_VALUE_COUNT; k++)
+			if (scarlett2_mixer_values[k] >= mixer_value)
+				break;
+		if (k == SCARLETT2_MIXER_VALUE_COUNT)
+			k = SCARLETT2_MIXER_MAX_VALUE;
+		private->mix[j] = k;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
 /* Send a USB message to set the volumes for all inputs of one mix
  * (values obtained from private->mix[])
  */
 static int scarlett2_usb_set_mix(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer,
-				     int mix_num)
+				 int mix_num)
 {
-	struct scarlett2_mixer_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
 	const struct scarlett2_device_info *info = private->info;
 
 	struct {
@@ -800,7 +1377,7 @@ static int scarlett2_usb_set_mix(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer,
 
 	int i, j;
 	int num_mixer_in =
-		info->ports[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_MIX].num[SCARLETT2_PORT_OUT];
+		info->port_count[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_MIX][SCARLETT2_PORT_OUT];
 
 	req.mix_num = cpu_to_le16(mix_num);
 
@@ -814,40 +1391,120 @@ static int scarlett2_usb_set_mix(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer,
 			     NULL, 0);
 }
 
-/* Convert a port number index (per info->ports) to a hardware ID */
-static u32 scarlett2_mux_src_num_to_id(const struct scarlett2_ports *ports,
-				       int num)
+/* Convert a port number index (per info->port_count) to a hardware ID */
+static u32 scarlett2_mux_src_num_to_id(
+	const int port_count[][SCARLETT2_PORT_DIRNS], int num)
+{
+	int port_type;
+
+	for (port_type = 0;
+	     port_type < SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_COUNT;
+	     port_type++) {
+		if (num < port_count[port_type][SCARLETT2_PORT_IN])
+			return scarlett2_ports[port_type].id | num;
+		num -= port_count[port_type][SCARLETT2_PORT_IN];
+	}
+
+	/* Oops */
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* Convert a hardware ID to a port number index */
+static u32 scarlett2_mux_id_to_num(
+	const int port_count[][SCARLETT2_PORT_DIRNS], int direction, u32 id)
 {
 	int port_type;
+	int port_num = 0;
 
 	for (port_type = 0;
 	     port_type < SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_COUNT;
 	     port_type++) {
-		if (num < ports[port_type].num[SCARLETT2_PORT_IN])
-			return ports[port_type].id | num;
-		num -= ports[port_type].num[SCARLETT2_PORT_IN];
+		int base = scarlett2_ports[port_type].id;
+		int count = port_count[port_type][direction];
+
+		if (id >= base && id < base + count)
+			return port_num + id - base;
+		port_num += count;
 	}
 
 	/* Oops */
+	return -1;
+}
+
+/* Convert one mux entry from the interface and load into private->mux[] */
+static void scarlett2_usb_populate_mux(struct scarlett2_data *private,
+				       u32 mux_entry)
+{
+	const struct scarlett2_device_info *info = private->info;
+	const int (*port_count)[SCARLETT2_PORT_DIRNS] = info->port_count;
+
+	int dst_idx, src_idx;
+
+	dst_idx = scarlett2_mux_id_to_num(port_count, SCARLETT2_PORT_OUT,
+					  mux_entry & 0xFFF);
+	if (dst_idx < 0)
+		return;
+
+	if (dst_idx >= private->num_mux_dsts) {
+		usb_audio_err(private->mixer->chip,
+			"BUG: scarlett2_mux_id_to_num(%06x, OUT): %d >= %d",
+			mux_entry, dst_idx, private->num_mux_dsts);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	src_idx = scarlett2_mux_id_to_num(port_count, SCARLETT2_PORT_IN,
+					  mux_entry >> 12);
+	if (src_idx < 0)
+		return;
+
+	if (src_idx >= private->num_mux_srcs) {
+		usb_audio_err(private->mixer->chip,
+			"BUG: scarlett2_mux_id_to_num(%06x, IN): %d >= %d",
+			mux_entry, src_idx, private->num_mux_srcs);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	private->mux[dst_idx] = src_idx;
+}
+
+/* Send USB message to get mux inputs and then populate private->mux[] */
+static int scarlett2_usb_get_mux(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer)
+{
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+	int count = private->num_mux_dsts;
+	int err, i;
+
+	struct {
+		__le16 num;
+		__le16 count;
+	} __packed req;
+
+	__le32 data[SCARLETT2_MUX_MAX];
+
+	private->mux_updated = 0;
+
+	req.num = 0;
+	req.count = cpu_to_le16(count);
+
+	err = scarlett2_usb(mixer, SCARLETT2_USB_GET_MUX,
+			    &req, sizeof(req),
+			    data, count * sizeof(u32));
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
+		scarlett2_usb_populate_mux(private, le32_to_cpu(data[i]));
+
 	return 0;
 }
 
 /* Send USB messages to set mux inputs */
 static int scarlett2_usb_set_mux(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer)
 {
-	struct scarlett2_mixer_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
 	const struct scarlett2_device_info *info = private->info;
-	const struct scarlett2_ports *ports = info->ports;
-	int rate, port_dir_rate;
-
-	static const int assignment_order[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_COUNT] = {
-		SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_PCM,
-		SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE,
-		SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_SPDIF,
-		SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ADAT,
-		SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_MIX,
-		SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_NONE,
-	};
+	const int (*port_count)[SCARLETT2_PORT_DIRNS] = info->port_count;
+	int table;
 
 	struct {
 		__le16 pad;
@@ -857,43 +1514,44 @@ static int scarlett2_usb_set_mux(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer)
 
 	req.pad = 0;
 
-	/* mux settings for each rate */
-	for (rate = 0, port_dir_rate = SCARLETT2_PORT_OUT_44;
-	     port_dir_rate <= SCARLETT2_PORT_OUT_176;
-	     rate++, port_dir_rate++) {
-		int order_num, i, err;
-
-		req.num = cpu_to_le16(rate);
-
-		for (order_num = 0, i = 0;
-		     order_num < SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_COUNT;
-		     order_num++) {
-			int port_type = assignment_order[order_num];
-			int j = scarlett2_get_port_start_num(ports,
-							     SCARLETT2_PORT_OUT,
-							     port_type);
-			int port_id = ports[port_type].id;
-			int channel;
-
-			for (channel = 0;
-			     channel < ports[port_type].num[port_dir_rate];
-			     channel++, i++, j++)
-				/* lower 12 bits for the destination and
-				 * next 12 bits for the source
-				 */
-				req.data[i] = !port_id
-					? 0
-					: cpu_to_le32(
-						port_id |
-						channel |
-						scarlett2_mux_src_num_to_id(
-							ports, private->mux[j]
-						) << 12
-					  );
-
-			/* skip private->mux[j] entries not output */
-			j += ports[port_type].num[SCARLETT2_PORT_OUT] -
-			     ports[port_type].num[port_dir_rate];
+	/* set mux settings for each rate */
+	for (table = 0; table < SCARLETT2_MUX_TABLES; table++) {
+		const struct scarlett2_mux_entry *entry;
+
+		/* i counts over the output array */
+		int i = 0, err;
+
+		req.num = cpu_to_le16(table);
+
+		/* loop through each entry */
+		for (entry = info->mux_assignment[table];
+		     entry->count;
+		     entry++) {
+			int j;
+			int port_type = entry->port_type;
+			int port_idx = entry->start;
+			int mux_idx = scarlett2_get_port_start_num(port_count,
+				SCARLETT2_PORT_OUT, port_type) + port_idx;
+			int dst_id = scarlett2_ports[port_type].id + port_idx;
+
+			/* Empty slots */
+			if (!dst_id) {
+				for (j = 0; j < entry->count; j++)
+					req.data[i++] = 0;
+				continue;
+			}
+
+			/* Non-empty mux slots use the lower 12 bits
+			 * for the destination and next 12 bits for
+			 * the source
+			 */
+			for (j = 0; j < entry->count; j++) {
+				int src_id = scarlett2_mux_src_num_to_id(
+					port_count, private->mux[mux_idx++]);
+				req.data[i++] = cpu_to_le32(dst_id |
+							    src_id << 12);
+				dst_id++;
+			}
 		}
 
 		err = scarlett2_usb(mixer, SCARLETT2_USB_SET_MUX,
@@ -908,26 +1566,26 @@ static int scarlett2_usb_set_mux(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer)
 
 /* Send USB message to get meter levels */
 static int scarlett2_usb_get_meter_levels(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer,
-					  u16 *levels)
+					  u16 num_meters, u16 *levels)
 {
 	struct {
 		__le16 pad;
 		__le16 num_meters;
 		__le32 magic;
 	} __packed req;
-	u32 resp[SCARLETT2_NUM_METERS];
+	u32 resp[SCARLETT2_MAX_METERS];
 	int i, err;
 
 	req.pad = 0;
-	req.num_meters = cpu_to_le16(SCARLETT2_NUM_METERS);
+	req.num_meters = cpu_to_le16(num_meters);
 	req.magic = cpu_to_le32(SCARLETT2_USB_METER_LEVELS_GET_MAGIC);
-	err = scarlett2_usb(mixer, SCARLETT2_USB_GET_METER_LEVELS,
-			    &req, sizeof(req), resp, sizeof(resp));
+	err = scarlett2_usb(mixer, SCARLETT2_USB_GET_METER,
+			    &req, sizeof(req), resp, num_meters * sizeof(u32));
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	/* copy, convert to u16 */
-	for (i = 0; i < SCARLETT2_NUM_METERS; i++)
+	for (i = 0; i < num_meters; i++)
 		levels[i] = resp[i];
 
 	return 0;
@@ -949,10 +1607,15 @@ static int scarlett2_add_new_ctl(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer,
 	if (!elem)
 		return -ENOMEM;
 
+	/* We set USB_MIXER_BESPOKEN type, so that the core USB mixer code
+	 * ignores them for resume and other operations.
+	 * Also, the head.id field is set to 0, as we don't use this field.
+	 */
 	elem->head.mixer = mixer;
 	elem->control = index;
-	elem->head.id = index;
+	elem->head.id = 0;
 	elem->channels = channels;
+	elem->val_type = USB_MIXER_BESPOKEN;
 
 	kctl = snd_ctl_new1(ncontrol, elem);
 	if (!kctl) {
@@ -973,6 +1636,64 @@ static int scarlett2_add_new_ctl(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+/*** Sync Control ***/
+
+/* Update sync control after receiving notification that the status
+ * has changed
+ */
+static int scarlett2_update_sync(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer)
+{
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+
+	private->sync_updated = 0;
+	return scarlett2_usb_get_sync_status(mixer, &private->sync);
+}
+
+static int scarlett2_sync_ctl_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kctl,
+				   struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	static const char *texts[2] = {
+		"Unlocked", "Locked"
+	};
+	return snd_ctl_enum_info(uinfo, 1, 2, texts);
+}
+
+static int scarlett2_sync_ctl_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kctl,
+				  struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct usb_mixer_elem_info *elem = kctl->private_data;
+	struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer = elem->head.mixer;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+
+	mutex_lock(&private->data_mutex);
+	if (private->sync_updated)
+		scarlett2_update_sync(mixer);
+	ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = private->sync;
+	mutex_unlock(&private->data_mutex);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new scarlett2_sync_ctl = {
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.access = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READ,
+	.name = "",
+	.info = scarlett2_sync_ctl_info,
+	.get  = scarlett2_sync_ctl_get
+};
+
+static int scarlett2_add_sync_ctl(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer)
+{
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+
+	/* devices without a mixer also don't support reporting sync status */
+	if (!private->info->has_mixer)
+		return 0;
+
+	return scarlett2_add_new_ctl(mixer, &scarlett2_sync_ctl,
+				     0, 1, "Sync Status", &private->sync_ctl);
+}
+
 /*** Analogue Line Out Volume Controls ***/
 
 /* Update hardware volume controls after receiving notification that
@@ -980,12 +1701,14 @@ static int scarlett2_add_new_ctl(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer,
  */
 static int scarlett2_update_volumes(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer)
 {
-	struct scarlett2_mixer_data *private = mixer->private_data;
-	const struct scarlett2_ports *ports = private->info->ports;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+	const struct scarlett2_device_info *info = private->info;
+	const int (*port_count)[SCARLETT2_PORT_DIRNS] = info->port_count;
 	struct scarlett2_usb_volume_status volume_status;
 	int num_line_out =
-		ports[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE].num[SCARLETT2_PORT_OUT];
+		port_count[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE][SCARLETT2_PORT_OUT];
 	int err, i;
+	int mute;
 
 	private->vol_updated = 0;
 
@@ -997,13 +1720,17 @@ static int scarlett2_update_volumes(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer)
 		volume_status.master_vol + SCARLETT2_VOLUME_BIAS,
 		0, SCARLETT2_VOLUME_BIAS);
 
-	for (i = 0; i < num_line_out; i++) {
-		if (private->vol_sw_hw_switch[i])
-			private->vol[i] = private->master_vol;
-	}
+	if (info->line_out_hw_vol)
+		for (i = 0; i < SCARLETT2_DIM_MUTE_COUNT; i++)
+			private->dim_mute[i] = !!volume_status.dim_mute[i];
 
-	for (i = 0; i < private->info->button_count; i++)
-		private->buttons[i] = !!volume_status.buttons[i];
+	mute = private->dim_mute[SCARLETT2_BUTTON_MUTE];
+
+	for (i = 0; i < num_line_out; i++)
+		if (private->vol_sw_hw_switch[i]) {
+			private->vol[i] = private->master_vol;
+			private->mute_switch[i] = mute;
+		}
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -1026,31 +1753,38 @@ static int scarlett2_master_volume_ctl_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kctl,
 {
 	struct usb_mixer_elem_info *elem = kctl->private_data;
 	struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer = elem->head.mixer;
-	struct scarlett2_mixer_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
 
-	if (private->vol_updated) {
-		mutex_lock(&private->data_mutex);
+	mutex_lock(&private->data_mutex);
+	if (private->vol_updated)
 		scarlett2_update_volumes(mixer);
-		mutex_unlock(&private->data_mutex);
-	}
+	mutex_unlock(&private->data_mutex);
 
 	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = private->master_vol;
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int line_out_remap(struct scarlett2_data *private, int index)
+{
+	const struct scarlett2_device_info *info = private->info;
+
+	if (!info->line_out_remap_enable)
+		return index;
+	return info->line_out_remap[index];
+}
+
 static int scarlett2_volume_ctl_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kctl,
 				    struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
 {
 	struct usb_mixer_elem_info *elem = kctl->private_data;
 	struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer = elem->head.mixer;
-	struct scarlett2_mixer_data *private = mixer->private_data;
-	int index = elem->control;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+	int index = line_out_remap(private, elem->control);
 
-	if (private->vol_updated) {
-		mutex_lock(&private->data_mutex);
+	mutex_lock(&private->data_mutex);
+	if (private->vol_updated)
 		scarlett2_update_volumes(mixer);
-		mutex_unlock(&private->data_mutex);
-	}
+	mutex_unlock(&private->data_mutex);
 
 	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = private->vol[index];
 	return 0;
@@ -1061,8 +1795,8 @@ static int scarlett2_volume_ctl_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kctl,
 {
 	struct usb_mixer_elem_info *elem = kctl->private_data;
 	struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer = elem->head.mixer;
-	struct scarlett2_mixer_data *private = mixer->private_data;
-	int index = elem->control;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+	int index = line_out_remap(private, elem->control);
 	int oval, val, err = 0;
 
 	mutex_lock(&private->data_mutex);
@@ -1111,8 +1845,69 @@ static const struct snd_kcontrol_new scarlett2_line_out_volume_ctl = {
 	.tlv = { .p = db_scale_scarlett2_gain }
 };
 
+/*** Mute Switch Controls ***/
+
+static int scarlett2_mute_ctl_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kctl,
+					struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct usb_mixer_elem_info *elem = kctl->private_data;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = elem->head.mixer->private_data;
+	int index = line_out_remap(private, elem->control);
+
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = private->mute_switch[index];
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int scarlett2_mute_ctl_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kctl,
+					struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct usb_mixer_elem_info *elem = kctl->private_data;
+	struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer = elem->head.mixer;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+	int index = line_out_remap(private, elem->control);
+	int oval, val, err = 0;
+
+	mutex_lock(&private->data_mutex);
+
+	oval = private->mute_switch[index];
+	val = !!ucontrol->value.integer.value[0];
+
+	if (oval == val)
+		goto unlock;
+
+	private->mute_switch[index] = val;
+
+	/* Send mute change to the device */
+	err = scarlett2_usb_set_config(mixer, SCARLETT2_CONFIG_MUTE_SWITCH,
+				       index, val);
+
+unlock:
+	mutex_unlock(&private->data_mutex);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new scarlett2_mute_ctl = {
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.name = "",
+	.info = snd_ctl_boolean_mono_info,
+	.get  = scarlett2_mute_ctl_get,
+	.put  = scarlett2_mute_ctl_put,
+};
+
 /*** HW/SW Volume Switch Controls ***/
 
+static void scarlett2_sw_hw_ctl_ro(struct scarlett2_data *private, int index)
+{
+	private->sw_hw_ctls[index]->vd[0].access &=
+		~SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_WRITE;
+}
+
+static void scarlett2_sw_hw_ctl_rw(struct scarlett2_data *private, int index)
+{
+	private->sw_hw_ctls[index]->vd[0].access |=
+		SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_WRITE;
+}
+
 static int scarlett2_sw_hw_enum_ctl_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kctl,
 					 struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
 {
@@ -1127,60 +1922,97 @@ static int scarlett2_sw_hw_enum_ctl_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kctl,
 					struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
 {
 	struct usb_mixer_elem_info *elem = kctl->private_data;
-	struct scarlett2_mixer_data *private = elem->head.mixer->private_data;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = elem->head.mixer->private_data;
+	int index = line_out_remap(private, elem->control);
 
-	ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] =
-		private->vol_sw_hw_switch[elem->control];
+	ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = private->vol_sw_hw_switch[index];
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int scarlett2_sw_hw_enum_ctl_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kctl,
-					struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+static void scarlett2_vol_ctl_set_writable(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer,
+					   int index, int value)
 {
-	struct usb_mixer_elem_info *elem = kctl->private_data;
-	struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer = elem->head.mixer;
-	struct scarlett2_mixer_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+	struct snd_card *card = mixer->chip->card;
 
-	int index = elem->control;
-	int oval, val, err = 0;
-
-	mutex_lock(&private->data_mutex);
+	/* Set/Clear write bits */
+	if (value) {
+		private->vol_ctls[index]->vd[0].access |=
+			SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_WRITE;
+		private->mute_ctls[index]->vd[0].access |=
+			SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_WRITE;
+	} else {
+		private->vol_ctls[index]->vd[0].access &=
+			~SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_WRITE;
+		private->mute_ctls[index]->vd[0].access &=
+			~SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_WRITE;
+	}
 
-	oval = private->vol_sw_hw_switch[index];
-	val = !!ucontrol->value.integer.value[0];
+	/* Notify of write bit change */
+	snd_ctl_notify(card, SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_INFO,
+		       &private->vol_ctls[index]->id);
+	snd_ctl_notify(card, SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_INFO,
+		       &private->mute_ctls[index]->id);
+}
 
-	if (oval == val)
-		goto unlock;
+static int scarlett2_sw_hw_change(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer,
+				  int ctl_index, int val)
+{
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+	int index = line_out_remap(private, ctl_index);
+	int err;
 
 	private->vol_sw_hw_switch[index] = val;
 
 	/* Change access mode to RO (hardware controlled volume)
 	 * or RW (software controlled volume)
 	 */
-	if (val)
-		private->vol_ctls[index]->vd[0].access &=
-			~SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_WRITE;
-	else
-		private->vol_ctls[index]->vd[0].access |=
-			SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_WRITE;
+	scarlett2_vol_ctl_set_writable(mixer, ctl_index, !val);
 
-	/* Reset volume to master volume */
+	/* Reset volume/mute to master volume/mute */
 	private->vol[index] = private->master_vol;
+	private->mute_switch[index] = private->dim_mute[SCARLETT2_BUTTON_MUTE];
 
 	/* Set SW volume to current HW volume */
 	err = scarlett2_usb_set_config(
 		mixer, SCARLETT2_CONFIG_LINE_OUT_VOLUME,
 		index, private->master_vol - SCARLETT2_VOLUME_BIAS);
 	if (err < 0)
-		goto unlock;
+		return err;
 
-	/* Notify of RO/RW change */
-	snd_ctl_notify(mixer->chip->card, SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_INFO,
-		       &private->vol_ctls[index]->id);
+	/* Set SW mute to current HW mute */
+	err = scarlett2_usb_set_config(
+		mixer, SCARLETT2_CONFIG_MUTE_SWITCH,
+		index, private->dim_mute[SCARLETT2_BUTTON_MUTE]);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
 
 	/* Send SW/HW switch change to the device */
-	err = scarlett2_usb_set_config(mixer, SCARLETT2_CONFIG_SW_HW_SWITCH,
-				       index, val);
+	return scarlett2_usb_set_config(mixer, SCARLETT2_CONFIG_SW_HW_SWITCH,
+					index, val);
+}
+
+static int scarlett2_sw_hw_enum_ctl_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kctl,
+					struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct usb_mixer_elem_info *elem = kctl->private_data;
+	struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer = elem->head.mixer;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+	int ctl_index = elem->control;
+	int index = line_out_remap(private, ctl_index);
+	int oval, val, err = 0;
+
+	mutex_lock(&private->data_mutex);
+
+	oval = private->vol_sw_hw_switch[index];
+	val = !!ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0];
+
+	if (oval == val)
+		goto unlock;
+
+	err = scarlett2_sw_hw_change(mixer, ctl_index, val);
+	if (err == 0)
+		err = 1;
 
 unlock:
 	mutex_unlock(&private->data_mutex);
@@ -1197,6 +2029,55 @@ static const struct snd_kcontrol_new scarlett2_sw_hw_enum_ctl = {
 
 /*** Line Level/Instrument Level Switch Controls ***/
 
+static int scarlett2_update_input_other(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer)
+{
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+	const struct scarlett2_device_info *info = private->info;
+
+	private->input_other_updated = 0;
+
+	if (info->level_input_count) {
+		int err = scarlett2_usb_get_config(
+			mixer, SCARLETT2_CONFIG_LEVEL_SWITCH,
+			info->level_input_count + info->level_input_first,
+			private->level_switch);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	if (info->pad_input_count) {
+		int err = scarlett2_usb_get_config(
+			mixer, SCARLETT2_CONFIG_PAD_SWITCH,
+			info->pad_input_count, private->pad_switch);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	if (info->air_input_count) {
+		int err = scarlett2_usb_get_config(
+			mixer, SCARLETT2_CONFIG_AIR_SWITCH,
+			info->air_input_count, private->air_switch);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	if (info->phantom_count) {
+		int err = scarlett2_usb_get_config(
+			mixer, SCARLETT2_CONFIG_PHANTOM_SWITCH,
+			info->phantom_count, private->phantom_switch);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+
+		err = scarlett2_usb_get_config(
+			mixer, SCARLETT2_CONFIG_PHANTOM_PERSISTENCE,
+			1, &private->phantom_persistence);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static int scarlett2_level_enum_ctl_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kctl,
 					 struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
 {
@@ -1211,10 +2092,18 @@ static int scarlett2_level_enum_ctl_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kctl,
 					struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
 {
 	struct usb_mixer_elem_info *elem = kctl->private_data;
-	struct scarlett2_mixer_data *private = elem->head.mixer->private_data;
+	struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer = elem->head.mixer;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+	const struct scarlett2_device_info *info = private->info;
+
+	int index = elem->control + info->level_input_first;
+
+	mutex_lock(&private->data_mutex);
+	if (private->input_other_updated)
+		scarlett2_update_input_other(mixer);
+	ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = private->level_switch[index];
+	mutex_unlock(&private->data_mutex);
 
-	ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] =
-		private->level_switch[elem->control];
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -1223,15 +2112,16 @@ static int scarlett2_level_enum_ctl_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kctl,
 {
 	struct usb_mixer_elem_info *elem = kctl->private_data;
 	struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer = elem->head.mixer;
-	struct scarlett2_mixer_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+	const struct scarlett2_device_info *info = private->info;
 
-	int index = elem->control;
+	int index = elem->control + info->level_input_first;
 	int oval, val, err = 0;
 
 	mutex_lock(&private->data_mutex);
 
 	oval = private->level_switch[index];
-	val = !!ucontrol->value.integer.value[0];
+	val = !!ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0];
 
 	if (oval == val)
 		goto unlock;
@@ -1241,6 +2131,8 @@ static int scarlett2_level_enum_ctl_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kctl,
 	/* Send switch change to the device */
 	err = scarlett2_usb_set_config(mixer, SCARLETT2_CONFIG_LEVEL_SWITCH,
 				       index, val);
+	if (err == 0)
+		err = 1;
 
 unlock:
 	mutex_unlock(&private->data_mutex);
@@ -1261,10 +2153,16 @@ static int scarlett2_pad_ctl_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kctl,
 				 struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
 {
 	struct usb_mixer_elem_info *elem = kctl->private_data;
-	struct scarlett2_mixer_data *private = elem->head.mixer->private_data;
+	struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer = elem->head.mixer;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
 
-	ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] =
+	mutex_lock(&private->data_mutex);
+	if (private->input_other_updated)
+		scarlett2_update_input_other(mixer);
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] =
 		private->pad_switch[elem->control];
+	mutex_unlock(&private->data_mutex);
+
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -1273,7 +2171,7 @@ static int scarlett2_pad_ctl_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kctl,
 {
 	struct usb_mixer_elem_info *elem = kctl->private_data;
 	struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer = elem->head.mixer;
-	struct scarlett2_mixer_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
 
 	int index = elem->control;
 	int oval, val, err = 0;
@@ -1291,6 +2189,8 @@ static int scarlett2_pad_ctl_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kctl,
 	/* Send switch change to the device */
 	err = scarlett2_usb_set_config(mixer, SCARLETT2_CONFIG_PAD_SWITCH,
 				       index, val);
+	if (err == 0)
+		err = 1;
 
 unlock:
 	mutex_unlock(&private->data_mutex);
@@ -1305,71 +2205,718 @@ static const struct snd_kcontrol_new scarlett2_pad_ctl = {
 	.put  = scarlett2_pad_ctl_put,
 };
 
-/*** Mute/Dim Controls ***/
+/*** Air Switch Controls ***/
 
-static int scarlett2_button_ctl_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kctl,
-				    struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+static int scarlett2_air_ctl_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kctl,
+				 struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
 {
 	struct usb_mixer_elem_info *elem = kctl->private_data;
 	struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer = elem->head.mixer;
-	struct scarlett2_mixer_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
 
-	if (private->vol_updated) {
-		mutex_lock(&private->data_mutex);
-		scarlett2_update_volumes(mixer);
-		mutex_unlock(&private->data_mutex);
+	mutex_lock(&private->data_mutex);
+	if (private->input_other_updated)
+		scarlett2_update_input_other(mixer);
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = private->air_switch[elem->control];
+	mutex_unlock(&private->data_mutex);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int scarlett2_air_ctl_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kctl,
+				 struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct usb_mixer_elem_info *elem = kctl->private_data;
+	struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer = elem->head.mixer;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+
+	int index = elem->control;
+	int oval, val, err = 0;
+
+	mutex_lock(&private->data_mutex);
+
+	oval = private->air_switch[index];
+	val = !!ucontrol->value.integer.value[0];
+
+	if (oval == val)
+		goto unlock;
+
+	private->air_switch[index] = val;
+
+	/* Send switch change to the device */
+	err = scarlett2_usb_set_config(mixer, SCARLETT2_CONFIG_AIR_SWITCH,
+				       index, val);
+
+unlock:
+	mutex_unlock(&private->data_mutex);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new scarlett2_air_ctl = {
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.name = "",
+	.info = snd_ctl_boolean_mono_info,
+	.get  = scarlett2_air_ctl_get,
+	.put  = scarlett2_air_ctl_put,
+};
+
+/*** Phantom Switch Controls ***/
+
+static int scarlett2_phantom_ctl_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kctl,
+				     struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct usb_mixer_elem_info *elem = kctl->private_data;
+	struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer = elem->head.mixer;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+
+	mutex_lock(&private->data_mutex);
+	if (private->input_other_updated)
+		scarlett2_update_input_other(mixer);
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] =
+		private->phantom_switch[elem->control];
+	mutex_unlock(&private->data_mutex);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int scarlett2_phantom_ctl_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kctl,
+				     struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct usb_mixer_elem_info *elem = kctl->private_data;
+	struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer = elem->head.mixer;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+
+	int index = elem->control;
+	int oval, val, err = 0;
+
+	mutex_lock(&private->data_mutex);
+
+	oval = private->phantom_switch[index];
+	val = !!ucontrol->value.integer.value[0];
+
+	if (oval == val)
+		goto unlock;
+
+	private->phantom_switch[index] = val;
+
+	/* Send switch change to the device */
+	err = scarlett2_usb_set_config(mixer, SCARLETT2_CONFIG_PHANTOM_SWITCH,
+				       index, val);
+
+unlock:
+	mutex_unlock(&private->data_mutex);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new scarlett2_phantom_ctl = {
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.name = "",
+	.info = snd_ctl_boolean_mono_info,
+	.get  = scarlett2_phantom_ctl_get,
+	.put  = scarlett2_phantom_ctl_put,
+};
+
+/*** Phantom Persistence Control ***/
+
+static int scarlett2_phantom_persistence_ctl_get(
+	struct snd_kcontrol *kctl, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct usb_mixer_elem_info *elem = kctl->private_data;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = elem->head.mixer->private_data;
+
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = private->phantom_persistence;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int scarlett2_phantom_persistence_ctl_put(
+	struct snd_kcontrol *kctl, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct usb_mixer_elem_info *elem = kctl->private_data;
+	struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer = elem->head.mixer;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+
+	int index = elem->control;
+	int oval, val, err = 0;
+
+	mutex_lock(&private->data_mutex);
+
+	oval = private->phantom_persistence;
+	val = !!ucontrol->value.integer.value[0];
+
+	if (oval == val)
+		goto unlock;
+
+	private->phantom_persistence = val;
+
+	/* Send switch change to the device */
+	err = scarlett2_usb_set_config(
+		mixer, SCARLETT2_CONFIG_PHANTOM_PERSISTENCE, index, val);
+
+unlock:
+	mutex_unlock(&private->data_mutex);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new scarlett2_phantom_persistence_ctl = {
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.name = "",
+	.info = snd_ctl_boolean_mono_info,
+	.get  = scarlett2_phantom_persistence_ctl_get,
+	.put  = scarlett2_phantom_persistence_ctl_put,
+};
+
+/*** Direct Monitor Control ***/
+
+static int scarlett2_update_monitor_other(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer)
+{
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+	const struct scarlett2_device_info *info = private->info;
+	int err;
+
+	/* monitor_other_enable[0] enables speaker switching
+	 * monitor_other_enable[1] enables talkback
+	 */
+	u8 monitor_other_enable[2];
+
+	/* monitor_other_switch[0] activates the alternate speakers
+	 * monitor_other_switch[1] activates talkback
+	 */
+	u8 monitor_other_switch[2];
+
+	private->monitor_other_updated = 0;
+
+	if (info->direct_monitor)
+		return scarlett2_usb_get_config(
+			mixer, SCARLETT2_CONFIG_DIRECT_MONITOR,
+			1, &private->direct_monitor_switch);
+
+	/* if it doesn't do speaker switching then it also doesn't do
+	 * talkback
+	 */
+	if (!info->has_speaker_switching)
+		return 0;
+
+	err = scarlett2_usb_get_config(
+		mixer, SCARLETT2_CONFIG_MONITOR_OTHER_ENABLE,
+		2, monitor_other_enable);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	err = scarlett2_usb_get_config(
+		mixer, SCARLETT2_CONFIG_MONITOR_OTHER_SWITCH,
+		2, monitor_other_switch);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	if (!monitor_other_enable[0])
+		private->speaker_switching_switch = 0;
+	else
+		private->speaker_switching_switch = monitor_other_switch[0] + 1;
+
+	if (info->has_talkback) {
+		const int (*port_count)[SCARLETT2_PORT_DIRNS] =
+			info->port_count;
+		int num_mixes =
+			port_count[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_MIX][SCARLETT2_PORT_IN];
+		u16 bitmap;
+		int i;
+
+		if (!monitor_other_enable[1])
+			private->talkback_switch = 0;
+		else
+			private->talkback_switch = monitor_other_switch[1] + 1;
+
+		err = scarlett2_usb_get_config(mixer,
+					       SCARLETT2_CONFIG_TALKBACK_MAP,
+					       1, &bitmap);
+		for (i = 0; i < num_mixes; i++, bitmap >>= 1)
+			private->talkback_map[i] = bitmap & 1;
 	}
 
-	ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = private->buttons[elem->control];
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int scarlett2_button_ctl_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kctl,
-				    struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+static int scarlett2_direct_monitor_ctl_get(
+	struct snd_kcontrol *kctl, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
 {
 	struct usb_mixer_elem_info *elem = kctl->private_data;
 	struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer = elem->head.mixer;
-	struct scarlett2_mixer_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = elem->head.mixer->private_data;
+
+	mutex_lock(&private->data_mutex);
+	if (private->monitor_other_updated)
+		scarlett2_update_monitor_other(mixer);
+	ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = private->direct_monitor_switch;
+	mutex_unlock(&private->data_mutex);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int scarlett2_direct_monitor_ctl_put(
+	struct snd_kcontrol *kctl, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct usb_mixer_elem_info *elem = kctl->private_data;
+	struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer = elem->head.mixer;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
 
 	int index = elem->control;
 	int oval, val, err = 0;
 
 	mutex_lock(&private->data_mutex);
 
-	oval = private->buttons[index];
+	oval = private->direct_monitor_switch;
+	val = min(ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0], 2U);
+
+	if (oval == val)
+		goto unlock;
+
+	private->direct_monitor_switch = val;
+
+	/* Send switch change to the device */
+	err = scarlett2_usb_set_config(
+		mixer, SCARLETT2_CONFIG_DIRECT_MONITOR, index, val);
+
+unlock:
+	mutex_unlock(&private->data_mutex);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int scarlett2_direct_monitor_stereo_enum_ctl_info(
+	struct snd_kcontrol *kctl, struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	static const char *const values[3] = {
+		"Off", "Mono", "Stereo"
+	};
+
+	return snd_ctl_enum_info(uinfo, 1, 3, values);
+}
+
+/* Direct Monitor for Solo is mono-only and only needs a boolean control
+ * Direct Monitor for 2i2 is selectable between Off/Mono/Stereo
+ */
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new scarlett2_direct_monitor_ctl[2] = {
+	{
+		.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+		.name = "",
+		.info = snd_ctl_boolean_mono_info,
+		.get  = scarlett2_direct_monitor_ctl_get,
+		.put  = scarlett2_direct_monitor_ctl_put,
+	},
+	{
+		.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+		.name = "",
+		.info = scarlett2_direct_monitor_stereo_enum_ctl_info,
+		.get  = scarlett2_direct_monitor_ctl_get,
+		.put  = scarlett2_direct_monitor_ctl_put,
+	}
+};
+
+static int scarlett2_add_direct_monitor_ctl(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer)
+{
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+	const struct scarlett2_device_info *info = private->info;
+
+	if (!info->direct_monitor)
+		return 0;
+
+	return scarlett2_add_new_ctl(
+		mixer, &scarlett2_direct_monitor_ctl[info->direct_monitor - 1],
+		0, 1, "Direct Monitor Playback Switch",
+		&private->direct_monitor_ctl);
+}
+
+/*** Speaker Switching Control ***/
+
+static int scarlett2_speaker_switch_enum_ctl_info(
+	struct snd_kcontrol *kctl, struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	static const char *const values[3] = {
+		"Off", "Main", "Alt"
+	};
+
+	return snd_ctl_enum_info(uinfo, 1, 3, values);
+}
+
+static int scarlett2_speaker_switch_enum_ctl_get(
+	struct snd_kcontrol *kctl, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct usb_mixer_elem_info *elem = kctl->private_data;
+	struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer = elem->head.mixer;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+
+	mutex_lock(&private->data_mutex);
+	if (private->monitor_other_updated)
+		scarlett2_update_monitor_other(mixer);
+	ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = private->speaker_switching_switch;
+	mutex_unlock(&private->data_mutex);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* when speaker switching gets enabled, switch the main/alt speakers
+ * to HW volume and disable those controls
+ */
+static void scarlett2_speaker_switch_enable(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card = mixer->chip->card;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+		int index = line_out_remap(private, i);
+
+		/* switch the main/alt speakers to HW volume */
+		if (!private->vol_sw_hw_switch[index])
+			scarlett2_sw_hw_change(private->mixer, i, 1);
+
+		/* disable the line out SW/HW switch */
+		scarlett2_sw_hw_ctl_ro(private, i);
+		snd_ctl_notify(card, SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_INFO,
+			       &private->sw_hw_ctls[i]->id);
+	}
+
+	/* when the next monitor-other notify comes in, update the mux
+	 * configuration
+	 */
+	private->speaker_switching_switched = 1;
+}
+
+/* when speaker switching gets disabled, reenable the hw/sw controls
+ * and invalidate the routing
+ */
+static void scarlett2_speaker_switch_disable(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card = mixer->chip->card;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+	int i;
+
+	/* enable the line out SW/HW switch */
+	for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+		scarlett2_sw_hw_ctl_rw(private, i);
+		snd_ctl_notify(card, SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_INFO,
+			       &private->sw_hw_ctls[i]->id);
+	}
+
+	/* when the next monitor-other notify comes in, update the mux
+	 * configuration
+	 */
+	private->speaker_switching_switched = 1;
+}
+
+static int scarlett2_speaker_switch_enum_ctl_put(
+	struct snd_kcontrol *kctl, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct usb_mixer_elem_info *elem = kctl->private_data;
+	struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer = elem->head.mixer;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+
+	int oval, val, err = 0;
+
+	mutex_lock(&private->data_mutex);
+
+	oval = private->speaker_switching_switch;
+	val = min(ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0], 2U);
+
+	if (oval == val)
+		goto unlock;
+
+	private->speaker_switching_switch = val;
+
+	/* enable/disable speaker switching */
+	err = scarlett2_usb_set_config(
+		mixer, SCARLETT2_CONFIG_MONITOR_OTHER_ENABLE,
+		0, !!val);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto unlock;
+
+	/* if speaker switching is enabled, select main or alt */
+	err = scarlett2_usb_set_config(
+		mixer, SCARLETT2_CONFIG_MONITOR_OTHER_SWITCH,
+		0, val == 2);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto unlock;
+
+	/* update controls if speaker switching gets enabled or disabled */
+	if (!oval && val)
+		scarlett2_speaker_switch_enable(mixer);
+	else if (oval && !val)
+		scarlett2_speaker_switch_disable(mixer);
+
+unlock:
+	mutex_unlock(&private->data_mutex);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new scarlett2_speaker_switch_enum_ctl = {
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.name = "",
+	.info = scarlett2_speaker_switch_enum_ctl_info,
+	.get  = scarlett2_speaker_switch_enum_ctl_get,
+	.put  = scarlett2_speaker_switch_enum_ctl_put,
+};
+
+static int scarlett2_add_speaker_switch_ctl(
+	struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer)
+{
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+	const struct scarlett2_device_info *info = private->info;
+
+	if (!info->has_speaker_switching)
+		return 0;
+
+	return scarlett2_add_new_ctl(
+		mixer, &scarlett2_speaker_switch_enum_ctl,
+		0, 1, "Speaker Switching Playback Enum",
+		&private->speaker_switching_ctl);
+}
+
+/*** Talkback and Talkback Map Controls ***/
+
+static int scarlett2_talkback_enum_ctl_info(
+	struct snd_kcontrol *kctl, struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	static const char *const values[3] = {
+		"Disabled", "Off", "On"
+	};
+
+	return snd_ctl_enum_info(uinfo, 1, 3, values);
+}
+
+static int scarlett2_talkback_enum_ctl_get(
+	struct snd_kcontrol *kctl, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct usb_mixer_elem_info *elem = kctl->private_data;
+	struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer = elem->head.mixer;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+
+	mutex_lock(&private->data_mutex);
+	if (private->monitor_other_updated)
+		scarlett2_update_monitor_other(mixer);
+	ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = private->talkback_switch;
+	mutex_unlock(&private->data_mutex);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int scarlett2_talkback_enum_ctl_put(
+	struct snd_kcontrol *kctl, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct usb_mixer_elem_info *elem = kctl->private_data;
+	struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer = elem->head.mixer;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+
+	int oval, val, err = 0;
+
+	mutex_lock(&private->data_mutex);
+
+	oval = private->talkback_switch;
+	val = min(ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0], 2U);
+
+	if (oval == val)
+		goto unlock;
+
+	private->talkback_switch = val;
+
+	/* enable/disable talkback */
+	err = scarlett2_usb_set_config(
+		mixer, SCARLETT2_CONFIG_MONITOR_OTHER_ENABLE,
+		1, !!val);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto unlock;
+
+	/* if talkback is enabled, select main or alt */
+	err = scarlett2_usb_set_config(
+		mixer, SCARLETT2_CONFIG_MONITOR_OTHER_SWITCH,
+		1, val == 2);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto unlock;
+
+unlock:
+	mutex_unlock(&private->data_mutex);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new scarlett2_talkback_enum_ctl = {
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.name = "",
+	.info = scarlett2_talkback_enum_ctl_info,
+	.get  = scarlett2_talkback_enum_ctl_get,
+	.put  = scarlett2_talkback_enum_ctl_put,
+};
+
+static int scarlett2_talkback_map_ctl_get(
+	struct snd_kcontrol *kctl, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct usb_mixer_elem_info *elem = kctl->private_data;
+	struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer = elem->head.mixer;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+	int index = elem->control;
+
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = private->talkback_map[index];
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int scarlett2_talkback_map_ctl_put(
+	struct snd_kcontrol *kctl, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct usb_mixer_elem_info *elem = kctl->private_data;
+	struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer = elem->head.mixer;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+	const int (*port_count)[SCARLETT2_PORT_DIRNS] =
+		private->info->port_count;
+	int num_mixes = port_count[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_MIX][SCARLETT2_PORT_IN];
+
+	int index = elem->control;
+	int oval, val, err = 0, i;
+	u16 bitmap = 0;
+
+	mutex_lock(&private->data_mutex);
+
+	oval = private->talkback_map[index];
+	val = !!ucontrol->value.integer.value[0];
+
+	if (oval == val)
+		goto unlock;
+
+	private->talkback_map[index] = val;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < num_mixes; i++)
+		bitmap |= private->talkback_map[i] << i;
+
+	/* Send updated bitmap to the device */
+	err = scarlett2_usb_set_config(mixer, SCARLETT2_CONFIG_TALKBACK_MAP,
+				       0, bitmap);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto unlock;
+
+unlock:
+	mutex_unlock(&private->data_mutex);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new scarlett2_talkback_map_ctl = {
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.name = "",
+	.info = snd_ctl_boolean_mono_info,
+	.get  = scarlett2_talkback_map_ctl_get,
+	.put  = scarlett2_talkback_map_ctl_put,
+};
+
+static int scarlett2_add_talkback_ctls(
+	struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer)
+{
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+	const struct scarlett2_device_info *info = private->info;
+	const int (*port_count)[SCARLETT2_PORT_DIRNS] = info->port_count;
+	int num_mixes = port_count[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_MIX][SCARLETT2_PORT_IN];
+	int err, i;
+	char s[SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ID_NAME_MAXLEN];
+
+	if (!info->has_talkback)
+		return 0;
+
+	err = scarlett2_add_new_ctl(
+		mixer, &scarlett2_talkback_enum_ctl,
+		0, 1, "Talkback Playback Enum",
+		&private->talkback_ctl);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < num_mixes; i++) {
+		snprintf(s, sizeof(s),
+			 "Talkback Mix %c Playback Switch", i + 'A');
+		err = scarlett2_add_new_ctl(mixer, &scarlett2_talkback_map_ctl,
+					    i, 1, s, NULL);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*** Dim/Mute Controls ***/
+
+static int scarlett2_dim_mute_ctl_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kctl,
+				      struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct usb_mixer_elem_info *elem = kctl->private_data;
+	struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer = elem->head.mixer;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+
+	mutex_lock(&private->data_mutex);
+	if (private->vol_updated)
+		scarlett2_update_volumes(mixer);
+	mutex_unlock(&private->data_mutex);
+
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = private->dim_mute[elem->control];
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int scarlett2_dim_mute_ctl_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kctl,
+				      struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct usb_mixer_elem_info *elem = kctl->private_data;
+	struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer = elem->head.mixer;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+	const struct scarlett2_device_info *info = private->info;
+	const int (*port_count)[SCARLETT2_PORT_DIRNS] = info->port_count;
+	int num_line_out =
+		port_count[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE][SCARLETT2_PORT_OUT];
+
+	int index = elem->control;
+	int oval, val, err = 0, i;
+
+	mutex_lock(&private->data_mutex);
+
+	oval = private->dim_mute[index];
 	val = !!ucontrol->value.integer.value[0];
 
 	if (oval == val)
 		goto unlock;
 
-	private->buttons[index] = val;
+	private->dim_mute[index] = val;
 
 	/* Send switch change to the device */
-	err = scarlett2_usb_set_config(mixer, SCARLETT2_CONFIG_BUTTONS,
+	err = scarlett2_usb_set_config(mixer, SCARLETT2_CONFIG_DIM_MUTE,
 				       index, val);
+	if (err == 0)
+		err = 1;
+
+	if (index == SCARLETT2_BUTTON_MUTE)
+		for (i = 0; i < num_line_out; i++) {
+			int line_index = line_out_remap(private, i);
+
+			if (private->vol_sw_hw_switch[line_index]) {
+				private->mute_switch[line_index] = val;
+				snd_ctl_notify(mixer->chip->card,
+					       SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_INFO,
+					       &private->mute_ctls[i]->id);
+			}
+		}
 
 unlock:
 	mutex_unlock(&private->data_mutex);
 	return err;
 }
 
-static const struct snd_kcontrol_new scarlett2_button_ctl = {
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new scarlett2_dim_mute_ctl = {
 	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
 	.name = "",
 	.info = snd_ctl_boolean_mono_info,
-	.get  = scarlett2_button_ctl_get,
-	.put  = scarlett2_button_ctl_put
+	.get  = scarlett2_dim_mute_ctl_get,
+	.put  = scarlett2_dim_mute_ctl_put
 };
 
 /*** Create the analogue output controls ***/
 
 static int scarlett2_add_line_out_ctls(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer)
 {
-	struct scarlett2_mixer_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
 	const struct scarlett2_device_info *info = private->info;
-	const struct scarlett2_ports *ports = info->ports;
+	const int (*port_count)[SCARLETT2_PORT_DIRNS] = info->port_count;
 	int num_line_out =
-		ports[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE].num[SCARLETT2_PORT_OUT];
+		port_count[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE][SCARLETT2_PORT_OUT];
 	int err, i;
 	char s[SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ID_NAME_MAXLEN];
 
@@ -1385,6 +2932,7 @@ static int scarlett2_add_line_out_ctls(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer)
 
 	/* Add volume controls */
 	for (i = 0; i < num_line_out; i++) {
+		int index = line_out_remap(private, i);
 
 		/* Fader */
 		if (info->line_out_descrs[i])
@@ -1401,10 +2949,22 @@ static int scarlett2_add_line_out_ctls(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer)
 		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 
-		/* Make the fader read-only if the SW/HW switch is set to HW */
-		if (private->vol_sw_hw_switch[i])
-			private->vol_ctls[i]->vd[0].access &=
-				~SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_WRITE;
+		/* Mute Switch */
+		snprintf(s, sizeof(s),
+			 "Line %02d Mute Playback Switch",
+			 i + 1);
+		err = scarlett2_add_new_ctl(mixer,
+					    &scarlett2_mute_ctl,
+					    i, 1, s,
+					    &private->mute_ctls[i]);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+
+		/* Make the fader and mute controls read-only if the
+		 * SW/HW switch is set to HW
+		 */
+		if (private->vol_sw_hw_switch[index])
+			scarlett2_vol_ctl_set_writable(mixer, i, 0);
 
 		/* SW/HW Switch */
 		if (info->line_out_hw_vol) {
@@ -1413,20 +2973,29 @@ static int scarlett2_add_line_out_ctls(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer)
 				 i + 1);
 			err = scarlett2_add_new_ctl(mixer,
 						    &scarlett2_sw_hw_enum_ctl,
-						    i, 1, s, NULL);
+						    i, 1, s,
+						    &private->sw_hw_ctls[i]);
 			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
+
+			/* Make the switch read-only if the line is
+			 * involved in speaker switching
+			 */
+			if (private->speaker_switching_switch && i < 4)
+				scarlett2_sw_hw_ctl_ro(private, i);
 		}
 	}
 
-	/* Add HW button controls */
-	for (i = 0; i < private->info->button_count; i++) {
-		err = scarlett2_add_new_ctl(mixer, &scarlett2_button_ctl,
-					    i, 1, scarlett2_button_names[i],
-					    &private->button_ctls[i]);
-		if (err < 0)
-			return err;
-	}
+	/* Add dim/mute controls */
+	if (info->line_out_hw_vol)
+		for (i = 0; i < SCARLETT2_DIM_MUTE_COUNT; i++) {
+			err = scarlett2_add_new_ctl(
+				mixer, &scarlett2_dim_mute_ctl,
+				i, 1, scarlett2_dim_mute_names[i],
+				&private->dim_mute_ctls[i]);
+			if (err < 0)
+				return err;
+		}
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -1435,25 +3004,70 @@ static int scarlett2_add_line_out_ctls(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer)
 
 static int scarlett2_add_line_in_ctls(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer)
 {
-	struct scarlett2_mixer_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
 	const struct scarlett2_device_info *info = private->info;
 	int err, i;
 	char s[SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ID_NAME_MAXLEN];
+	const char *fmt = "Line In %d %s Capture %s";
+	const char *fmt2 = "Line In %d-%d %s Capture %s";
 
 	/* Add input level (line/inst) controls */
 	for (i = 0; i < info->level_input_count; i++) {
-		snprintf(s, sizeof(s), "Line In %d Level Capture Enum", i + 1);
+		snprintf(s, sizeof(s), fmt, i + 1 + info->level_input_first,
+			 "Level", "Enum");
 		err = scarlett2_add_new_ctl(mixer, &scarlett2_level_enum_ctl,
-					    i, 1, s, NULL);
+					    i, 1, s, &private->level_ctls[i]);
 		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 
 	/* Add input pad controls */
 	for (i = 0; i < info->pad_input_count; i++) {
-		snprintf(s, sizeof(s), "Line In %d Pad Capture Switch", i + 1);
+		snprintf(s, sizeof(s), fmt, i + 1, "Pad", "Switch");
 		err = scarlett2_add_new_ctl(mixer, &scarlett2_pad_ctl,
-					    i, 1, s, NULL);
+					    i, 1, s, &private->pad_ctls[i]);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	/* Add input air controls */
+	for (i = 0; i < info->air_input_count; i++) {
+		snprintf(s, sizeof(s), fmt, i + 1, "Air", "Switch");
+		err = scarlett2_add_new_ctl(mixer, &scarlett2_air_ctl,
+					    i, 1, s, &private->air_ctls[i]);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	/* Add input phantom controls */
+	if (info->inputs_per_phantom == 1) {
+		for (i = 0; i < info->phantom_count; i++) {
+			snprintf(s, sizeof(s), fmt, i + 1,
+				 "Phantom Power", "Switch");
+			err = scarlett2_add_new_ctl(
+				mixer, &scarlett2_phantom_ctl,
+				i, 1, s, &private->phantom_ctls[i]);
+			if (err < 0)
+				return err;
+		}
+	} else if (info->inputs_per_phantom > 1) {
+		for (i = 0; i < info->phantom_count; i++) {
+			int from = i * info->inputs_per_phantom + 1;
+			int to = (i + 1) * info->inputs_per_phantom;
+
+			snprintf(s, sizeof(s), fmt2, from, to,
+				 "Phantom Power", "Switch");
+			err = scarlett2_add_new_ctl(
+				mixer, &scarlett2_phantom_ctl,
+				i, 1, s, &private->phantom_ctls[i]);
+			if (err < 0)
+				return err;
+		}
+	}
+	if (info->phantom_count) {
+		err = scarlett2_add_new_ctl(
+			mixer, &scarlett2_phantom_persistence_ctl, 0, 1,
+			"Phantom Power Persistence Capture Switch", NULL);
 		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
@@ -1480,7 +3094,7 @@ static int scarlett2_mixer_ctl_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kctl,
 				   struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
 {
 	struct usb_mixer_elem_info *elem = kctl->private_data;
-	struct scarlett2_mixer_data *private = elem->head.mixer->private_data;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = elem->head.mixer->private_data;
 
 	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = private->mix[elem->control];
 	return 0;
@@ -1491,22 +3105,23 @@ static int scarlett2_mixer_ctl_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kctl,
 {
 	struct usb_mixer_elem_info *elem = kctl->private_data;
 	struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer = elem->head.mixer;
-	struct scarlett2_mixer_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
 	const struct scarlett2_device_info *info = private->info;
-	const struct scarlett2_ports *ports = info->ports;
+	const int (*port_count)[SCARLETT2_PORT_DIRNS] = info->port_count;
 	int oval, val, num_mixer_in, mix_num, err = 0;
+	int index = elem->control;
 
 	mutex_lock(&private->data_mutex);
 
-	oval = private->mix[elem->control];
+	oval = private->mix[index];
 	val = ucontrol->value.integer.value[0];
-	num_mixer_in = ports[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_MIX].num[SCARLETT2_PORT_OUT];
-	mix_num = elem->control / num_mixer_in;
+	num_mixer_in = port_count[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_MIX][SCARLETT2_PORT_OUT];
+	mix_num = index / num_mixer_in;
 
 	if (oval == val)
 		goto unlock;
 
-	private->mix[elem->control] = val;
+	private->mix[index] = val;
 	err = scarlett2_usb_set_mix(mixer, mix_num);
 	if (err == 0)
 		err = 1;
@@ -1536,16 +3151,19 @@ static const struct snd_kcontrol_new scarlett2_mixer_ctl = {
 
 static int scarlett2_add_mixer_ctls(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer)
 {
-	struct scarlett2_mixer_data *private = mixer->private_data;
-	const struct scarlett2_ports *ports = private->info->ports;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+	const struct scarlett2_device_info *info = private->info;
+	const int (*port_count)[SCARLETT2_PORT_DIRNS] = info->port_count;
 	int err, i, j;
 	int index;
 	char s[SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ID_NAME_MAXLEN];
 
-	int num_inputs = ports[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_MIX].num[SCARLETT2_PORT_OUT];
-	int num_outputs = ports[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_MIX].num[SCARLETT2_PORT_IN];
+	int num_inputs =
+		port_count[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_MIX][SCARLETT2_PORT_OUT];
+	int num_outputs =
+		port_count[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_MIX][SCARLETT2_PORT_IN];
 
-	for (i = 0, index = 0; i < num_outputs; i++) {
+	for (i = 0, index = 0; i < num_outputs; i++)
 		for (j = 0; j < num_inputs; j++, index++) {
 			snprintf(s, sizeof(s),
 				 "Mix %c Input %02d Playback Volume",
@@ -1555,7 +3173,6 @@ static int scarlett2_add_mixer_ctls(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer)
 			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
 		}
-	}
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -1566,8 +3183,9 @@ static int scarlett2_mux_src_enum_ctl_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kctl,
 					   struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
 {
 	struct usb_mixer_elem_info *elem = kctl->private_data;
-	struct scarlett2_mixer_data *private = elem->head.mixer->private_data;
-	const struct scarlett2_ports *ports = private->info->ports;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = elem->head.mixer->private_data;
+	const struct scarlett2_device_info *info = private->info;
+	const int (*port_count)[SCARLETT2_PORT_DIRNS] = info->port_count;
 	unsigned int item = uinfo->value.enumerated.item;
 	int items = private->num_mux_srcs;
 	int port_type;
@@ -1582,13 +3200,15 @@ static int scarlett2_mux_src_enum_ctl_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kctl,
 	for (port_type = 0;
 	     port_type < SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_COUNT;
 	     port_type++) {
-		if (item < ports[port_type].num[SCARLETT2_PORT_IN]) {
+		if (item < port_count[port_type][SCARLETT2_PORT_IN]) {
+			const struct scarlett2_port *port =
+				&scarlett2_ports[port_type];
+
 			sprintf(uinfo->value.enumerated.name,
-				ports[port_type].src_descr,
-				item + ports[port_type].src_num_offset);
+				port->src_descr, item + port->src_num_offset);
 			return 0;
 		}
-		item -= ports[port_type].num[SCARLETT2_PORT_IN];
+		item -= port_count[port_type][SCARLETT2_PORT_IN];
 	}
 
 	return -EINVAL;
@@ -1598,9 +3218,23 @@ static int scarlett2_mux_src_enum_ctl_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kctl,
 					  struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
 {
 	struct usb_mixer_elem_info *elem = kctl->private_data;
-	struct scarlett2_mixer_data *private = elem->head.mixer->private_data;
+	struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer = elem->head.mixer;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+	const struct scarlett2_device_info *info = private->info;
+	const int (*port_count)[SCARLETT2_PORT_DIRNS] = info->port_count;
+	int line_out_count =
+		port_count[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE][SCARLETT2_PORT_OUT];
+	int index = elem->control;
+
+	if (index < line_out_count)
+		index = line_out_remap(private, index);
+
+	mutex_lock(&private->data_mutex);
+	if (private->mux_updated)
+		scarlett2_usb_get_mux(mixer);
+	ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = private->mux[index];
+	mutex_unlock(&private->data_mutex);
 
-	ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = private->mux[elem->control];
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -1609,15 +3243,22 @@ static int scarlett2_mux_src_enum_ctl_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kctl,
 {
 	struct usb_mixer_elem_info *elem = kctl->private_data;
 	struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer = elem->head.mixer;
-	struct scarlett2_mixer_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+	const struct scarlett2_device_info *info = private->info;
+	const int (*port_count)[SCARLETT2_PORT_DIRNS] = info->port_count;
+	int line_out_count =
+		port_count[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE][SCARLETT2_PORT_OUT];
 	int index = elem->control;
 	int oval, val, err = 0;
 
+	if (index < line_out_count)
+		index = line_out_remap(private, index);
+
 	mutex_lock(&private->data_mutex);
 
 	oval = private->mux[index];
-	val = clamp(ucontrol->value.integer.value[0],
-		    0L, private->num_mux_srcs - 1L);
+	val = min(ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0],
+		  private->num_mux_srcs - 1U);
 
 	if (oval == val)
 		goto unlock;
@@ -1642,26 +3283,29 @@ static const struct snd_kcontrol_new scarlett2_mux_src_enum_ctl = {
 
 static int scarlett2_add_mux_enums(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer)
 {
-	struct scarlett2_mixer_data *private = mixer->private_data;
-	const struct scarlett2_ports *ports = private->info->ports;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+	const struct scarlett2_device_info *info = private->info;
+	const int (*port_count)[SCARLETT2_PORT_DIRNS] = info->port_count;
 	int port_type, channel, i;
 
 	for (i = 0, port_type = 0;
 	     port_type < SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_COUNT;
 	     port_type++) {
 		for (channel = 0;
-		     channel < ports[port_type].num[SCARLETT2_PORT_OUT];
+		     channel < port_count[port_type][SCARLETT2_PORT_OUT];
 		     channel++, i++) {
 			int err;
 			char s[SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ID_NAME_MAXLEN];
-			const char *const descr = ports[port_type].dst_descr;
+			const char *const descr =
+				scarlett2_ports[port_type].dst_descr;
 
 			snprintf(s, sizeof(s) - 5, descr, channel + 1);
 			strcat(s, " Enum");
 
 			err = scarlett2_add_new_ctl(mixer,
 						    &scarlett2_mux_src_enum_ctl,
-						    i, 1, s, NULL);
+						    i, 1, s,
+						    &private->mux_ctls[i]);
 			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
 		}
@@ -1689,10 +3333,11 @@ static int scarlett2_meter_ctl_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kctl,
 				   struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
 {
 	struct usb_mixer_elem_info *elem = kctl->private_data;
-	u16 meter_levels[SCARLETT2_NUM_METERS];
+	u16 meter_levels[SCARLETT2_MAX_METERS];
 	int i, err;
 
-	err = scarlett2_usb_get_meter_levels(elem->head.mixer, meter_levels);
+	err = scarlett2_usb_get_meter_levels(elem->head.mixer, elem->channels,
+					     meter_levels);
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
@@ -1712,16 +3357,87 @@ static const struct snd_kcontrol_new scarlett2_meter_ctl = {
 
 static int scarlett2_add_meter_ctl(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer)
 {
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+
+	/* devices without a mixer also don't support reporting levels */
+	if (!private->info->has_mixer)
+		return 0;
+
 	return scarlett2_add_new_ctl(mixer, &scarlett2_meter_ctl,
-				     0, SCARLETT2_NUM_METERS,
+				     0, private->num_mux_dsts,
 				     "Level Meter", NULL);
 }
 
+/*** MSD Controls ***/
+
+static int scarlett2_msd_ctl_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kctl,
+				 struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct usb_mixer_elem_info *elem = kctl->private_data;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = elem->head.mixer->private_data;
+
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = private->msd_switch;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int scarlett2_msd_ctl_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kctl,
+				 struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct usb_mixer_elem_info *elem = kctl->private_data;
+	struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer = elem->head.mixer;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+
+	int oval, val, err = 0;
+
+	mutex_lock(&private->data_mutex);
+
+	oval = private->msd_switch;
+	val = !!ucontrol->value.integer.value[0];
+
+	if (oval == val)
+		goto unlock;
+
+	private->msd_switch = val;
+
+	/* Send switch change to the device */
+	err = scarlett2_usb_set_config(mixer, SCARLETT2_CONFIG_MSD_SWITCH,
+				       0, val);
+
+unlock:
+	mutex_unlock(&private->data_mutex);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new scarlett2_msd_ctl = {
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.name = "",
+	.info = snd_ctl_boolean_mono_info,
+	.get  = scarlett2_msd_ctl_get,
+	.put  = scarlett2_msd_ctl_put,
+};
+
+static int scarlett2_add_msd_ctl(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer)
+{
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+	const struct scarlett2_device_info *info = private->info;
+
+	if (!info->has_msd_mode)
+		return 0;
+
+	/* If MSD mode is off, hide the switch by default */
+	if (!private->msd_switch && !(mixer->chip->setup & SCARLETT2_MSD_ENABLE))
+		return 0;
+
+	/* Add MSD control */
+	return scarlett2_add_new_ctl(mixer, &scarlett2_msd_ctl,
+				     0, 1, "MSD Mode", NULL);
+}
+
 /*** Cleanup/Suspend Callbacks ***/
 
 static void scarlett2_private_free(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer)
 {
-	struct scarlett2_mixer_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
 
 	cancel_delayed_work_sync(&private->work);
 	kfree(private);
@@ -1730,7 +3446,7 @@ static void scarlett2_private_free(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer)
 
 static void scarlett2_private_suspend(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer)
 {
-	struct scarlett2_mixer_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
 
 	if (cancel_delayed_work_sync(&private->work))
 		scarlett2_config_save(private->mixer);
@@ -1738,77 +3454,61 @@ static void scarlett2_private_suspend(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer)
 
 /*** Initialisation ***/
 
-static int scarlett2_count_mux_srcs(const struct scarlett2_ports *ports)
+static void scarlett2_count_mux_io(struct scarlett2_data *private)
 {
-	int port_type, count = 0;
+	const struct scarlett2_device_info *info = private->info;
+	const int (*port_count)[SCARLETT2_PORT_DIRNS] = info->port_count;
+	int port_type, srcs = 0, dsts = 0;
 
 	for (port_type = 0;
 	     port_type < SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_COUNT;
-	     port_type++)
-		count += ports[port_type].num[SCARLETT2_PORT_IN];
+	     port_type++) {
+		srcs += port_count[port_type][SCARLETT2_PORT_IN];
+		dsts += port_count[port_type][SCARLETT2_PORT_OUT];
+	}
 
-	return count;
+	private->num_mux_srcs = srcs;
+	private->num_mux_dsts = dsts;
 }
 
-/* Default routing connects PCM outputs and inputs to Analogue,
- * S/PDIF, then ADAT
+/* Look through the interface descriptors for the Focusrite Control
+ * interface (bInterfaceClass = 255 Vendor Specific Class) and set
+ * bInterfaceNumber, bEndpointAddress, wMaxPacketSize, and bInterval
+ * in private
  */
-static void scarlett2_init_routing(u8 *mux,
-				   const struct scarlett2_ports *ports)
+static int scarlett2_find_fc_interface(struct usb_device *dev,
+				       struct scarlett2_data *private)
 {
-	int i, input_num, input_count, port_type;
-	int output_num, output_count, port_type_connect_num;
+	struct usb_host_config *config = dev->actconfig;
+	int i;
 
-	static const int connect_order[] = {
-		SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE,
-		SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_SPDIF,
-		SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ADAT,
-		-1
-	};
+	for (i = 0; i < config->desc.bNumInterfaces; i++) {
+		struct usb_interface *intf = config->interface[i];
+		struct usb_interface_descriptor *desc =
+			&intf->altsetting[0].desc;
+		struct usb_endpoint_descriptor *epd;
 
-	/* Assign PCM inputs (routing outputs) */
-	output_num = scarlett2_get_port_start_num(ports,
-						  SCARLETT2_PORT_OUT,
-						  SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_PCM);
-	output_count = ports[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_PCM].num[SCARLETT2_PORT_OUT];
-
-	for (port_type = connect_order[port_type_connect_num = 0];
-	     port_type >= 0;
-	     port_type = connect_order[++port_type_connect_num]) {
-		input_num = scarlett2_get_port_start_num(
-			ports, SCARLETT2_PORT_IN, port_type);
-		input_count = ports[port_type].num[SCARLETT2_PORT_IN];
-		for (i = 0;
-		     i < input_count && output_count;
-		     i++, output_count--)
-			mux[output_num++] = input_num++;
-	}
+		if (desc->bInterfaceClass != 255)
+			continue;
 
-	/* Assign PCM outputs (routing inputs) */
-	input_num = scarlett2_get_port_start_num(ports,
-						 SCARLETT2_PORT_IN,
-						 SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_PCM);
-	input_count = ports[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_PCM].num[SCARLETT2_PORT_IN];
-
-	for (port_type = connect_order[port_type_connect_num = 0];
-	     port_type >= 0;
-	     port_type = connect_order[++port_type_connect_num]) {
-		output_num = scarlett2_get_port_start_num(
-			ports, SCARLETT2_PORT_OUT, port_type);
-		output_count = ports[port_type].num[SCARLETT2_PORT_OUT];
-		for (i = 0;
-		     i < output_count && input_count;
-		     i++, input_count--)
-			mux[output_num++] = input_num++;
+		epd = get_endpoint(intf->altsetting, 0);
+		private->bInterfaceNumber = desc->bInterfaceNumber;
+		private->bEndpointAddress = epd->bEndpointAddress &
+			USB_ENDPOINT_NUMBER_MASK;
+		private->wMaxPacketSize = le16_to_cpu(epd->wMaxPacketSize);
+		private->bInterval = epd->bInterval;
+		return 0;
 	}
+
+	return -EINVAL;
 }
 
-/* Initialise private data, routing, sequence number */
+/* Initialise private data */
 static int scarlett2_init_private(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer,
 				  const struct scarlett2_device_info *info)
 {
-	struct scarlett2_mixer_data *private =
-		kzalloc(sizeof(struct scarlett2_mixer_data), GFP_KERNEL);
+	struct scarlett2_data *private =
+		kzalloc(sizeof(struct scarlett2_data), GFP_KERNEL);
 
 	if (!private)
 		return -ENOMEM;
@@ -1816,68 +3516,102 @@ static int scarlett2_init_private(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer,
 	mutex_init(&private->usb_mutex);
 	mutex_init(&private->data_mutex);
 	INIT_DELAYED_WORK(&private->work, scarlett2_config_save_work);
-	private->info = info;
-	private->num_mux_srcs = scarlett2_count_mux_srcs(info->ports);
-	private->scarlett2_seq = 0;
-	private->mixer = mixer;
+
 	mixer->private_data = private;
 	mixer->private_free = scarlett2_private_free;
 	mixer->private_suspend = scarlett2_private_suspend;
 
-	/* Setup default routing */
-	scarlett2_init_routing(private->mux, info->ports);
+	private->info = info;
+	scarlett2_count_mux_io(private);
+	private->scarlett2_seq = 0;
+	private->mixer = mixer;
+
+	return scarlett2_find_fc_interface(mixer->chip->dev, private);
+}
+
+/* Cargo cult proprietary initialisation sequence */
+static int scarlett2_usb_init(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer)
+{
+	struct usb_device *dev = mixer->chip->dev;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+	u8 buf[24];
+	int err;
+
+	if (usb_pipe_type_check(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0)))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	/* step 0 */
+	err = scarlett2_usb_rx(dev, private->bInterfaceNumber,
+			       SCARLETT2_USB_CMD_INIT, buf, sizeof(buf));
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
 
-	/* Initialise the sequence number used for the proprietary commands */
-	return scarlett2_usb(mixer, SCARLETT2_USB_INIT_SEQ, NULL, 0, NULL, 0);
+	/* step 1 */
+	private->scarlett2_seq = 1;
+	err = scarlett2_usb(mixer, SCARLETT2_USB_INIT_1, NULL, 0, NULL, 0);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	/* step 2 */
+	private->scarlett2_seq = 1;
+	return scarlett2_usb(mixer, SCARLETT2_USB_INIT_2, NULL, 0, NULL, 84);
 }
 
-/* Read line-in config and line-out volume settings on start */
+/* Read configuration from the interface on start */
 static int scarlett2_read_configs(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer)
 {
-	struct scarlett2_mixer_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
 	const struct scarlett2_device_info *info = private->info;
-	const struct scarlett2_ports *ports = info->ports;
+	const int (*port_count)[SCARLETT2_PORT_DIRNS] = info->port_count;
 	int num_line_out =
-		ports[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE].num[SCARLETT2_PORT_OUT];
-	u8 level_switches[SCARLETT2_LEVEL_SWITCH_MAX];
-	u8 pad_switches[SCARLETT2_PAD_SWITCH_MAX];
+		port_count[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE][SCARLETT2_PORT_OUT];
+	int num_mixer_out =
+		port_count[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_MIX][SCARLETT2_PORT_IN];
 	struct scarlett2_usb_volume_status volume_status;
 	int err, i;
 
-	if (info->level_input_count) {
+	if (info->has_msd_mode) {
 		err = scarlett2_usb_get_config(
-			mixer,
-			SCARLETT2_CONFIG_LEVEL_SWITCH,
-			info->level_input_count,
-			level_switches);
+			mixer, SCARLETT2_CONFIG_MSD_SWITCH,
+			1, &private->msd_switch);
 		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
-		for (i = 0; i < info->level_input_count; i++)
-			private->level_switch[i] = level_switches[i];
-	}
 
-	if (info->pad_input_count) {
-		err = scarlett2_usb_get_config(
-			mixer,
-			SCARLETT2_CONFIG_PAD_SWITCH,
-			info->pad_input_count,
-			pad_switches);
-		if (err < 0)
-			return err;
-		for (i = 0; i < info->pad_input_count; i++)
-			private->pad_switch[i] = pad_switches[i];
+		/* no other controls are created if MSD mode is on */
+		if (private->msd_switch)
+			return 0;
 	}
 
+	err = scarlett2_update_input_other(mixer);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	err = scarlett2_update_monitor_other(mixer);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	/* the rest of the configuration is for devices with a mixer */
+	if (!info->has_mixer)
+		return 0;
+
+	err = scarlett2_update_sync(mixer);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
 	err = scarlett2_usb_get_volume_status(mixer, &volume_status);
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
+	if (info->line_out_hw_vol)
+		for (i = 0; i < SCARLETT2_DIM_MUTE_COUNT; i++)
+			private->dim_mute[i] = !!volume_status.dim_mute[i];
+
 	private->master_vol = clamp(
 		volume_status.master_vol + SCARLETT2_VOLUME_BIAS,
 		0, SCARLETT2_VOLUME_BIAS);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < num_line_out; i++) {
-		int volume;
+		int volume, mute;
 
 		private->vol_sw_hw_switch[i] =
 			info->line_out_hw_vol
@@ -1889,72 +3623,178 @@ static int scarlett2_read_configs(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer)
 		volume = clamp(volume + SCARLETT2_VOLUME_BIAS,
 			       0, SCARLETT2_VOLUME_BIAS);
 		private->vol[i] = volume;
+
+		mute = private->vol_sw_hw_switch[i]
+			 ? private->dim_mute[SCARLETT2_BUTTON_MUTE]
+			 : volume_status.mute_switch[i];
+		private->mute_switch[i] = mute;
 	}
 
-	for (i = 0; i < info->button_count; i++)
-		private->buttons[i] = !!volume_status.buttons[i];
+	for (i = 0; i < num_mixer_out; i++) {
+		err = scarlett2_usb_get_mix(mixer, i);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
 
-	return 0;
+	return scarlett2_usb_get_mux(mixer);
 }
 
-/* Notify on volume change */
-static void scarlett2_mixer_interrupt_vol_change(
+/* Notify on sync change */
+static void scarlett2_notify_sync(
 	struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer)
 {
-	struct scarlett2_mixer_data *private = mixer->private_data;
-	const struct scarlett2_ports *ports = private->info->ports;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+
+	private->sync_updated = 1;
+
+	snd_ctl_notify(mixer->chip->card, SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_VALUE,
+		       &private->sync_ctl->id);
+}
+
+/* Notify on monitor change */
+static void scarlett2_notify_monitor(
+	struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card = mixer->chip->card;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+	const struct scarlett2_device_info *info = private->info;
+	const int (*port_count)[SCARLETT2_PORT_DIRNS] = info->port_count;
 	int num_line_out =
-		ports[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE].num[SCARLETT2_PORT_OUT];
+		port_count[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE][SCARLETT2_PORT_OUT];
 	int i;
 
+	/* if line_out_hw_vol is 0, there are no controls to update */
+	if (!info->line_out_hw_vol)
+		return;
+
 	private->vol_updated = 1;
 
 	snd_ctl_notify(mixer->chip->card, SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_VALUE,
 		       &private->master_vol_ctl->id);
 
-	for (i = 0; i < num_line_out; i++) {
-		if (!private->vol_sw_hw_switch[i])
-			continue;
-		snd_ctl_notify(mixer->chip->card, SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_VALUE,
-			       &private->vol_ctls[i]->id);
-	}
+	for (i = 0; i < num_line_out; i++)
+		if (private->vol_sw_hw_switch[line_out_remap(private, i)])
+			snd_ctl_notify(card, SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_VALUE,
+				       &private->vol_ctls[i]->id);
 }
 
-/* Notify on button change */
-static void scarlett2_mixer_interrupt_button_change(
+/* Notify on dim/mute change */
+static void scarlett2_notify_dim_mute(
 	struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer)
 {
-	struct scarlett2_mixer_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+	struct snd_card *card = mixer->chip->card;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+	const struct scarlett2_device_info *info = private->info;
+	const int (*port_count)[SCARLETT2_PORT_DIRNS] = info->port_count;
+	int num_line_out =
+		port_count[SCARLETT2_PORT_TYPE_ANALOGUE][SCARLETT2_PORT_OUT];
 	int i;
 
 	private->vol_updated = 1;
 
-	for (i = 0; i < private->info->button_count; i++)
-		snd_ctl_notify(mixer->chip->card, SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_VALUE,
-			       &private->button_ctls[i]->id);
+	if (!info->line_out_hw_vol)
+		return;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < SCARLETT2_DIM_MUTE_COUNT; i++)
+		snd_ctl_notify(card, SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_VALUE,
+			       &private->dim_mute_ctls[i]->id);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < num_line_out; i++)
+		if (private->vol_sw_hw_switch[line_out_remap(private, i)])
+			snd_ctl_notify(card, SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_VALUE,
+				       &private->mute_ctls[i]->id);
+}
+
+/* Notify on "input other" change (level/pad/air) */
+static void scarlett2_notify_input_other(
+	struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card = mixer->chip->card;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+	const struct scarlett2_device_info *info = private->info;
+	int i;
+
+	private->input_other_updated = 1;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < info->level_input_count; i++)
+		snd_ctl_notify(card, SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_VALUE,
+			       &private->level_ctls[i]->id);
+	for (i = 0; i < info->pad_input_count; i++)
+		snd_ctl_notify(card, SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_VALUE,
+			       &private->pad_ctls[i]->id);
+	for (i = 0; i < info->air_input_count; i++)
+		snd_ctl_notify(card, SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_VALUE,
+			       &private->air_ctls[i]->id);
+	for (i = 0; i < info->phantom_count; i++)
+		snd_ctl_notify(card, SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_VALUE,
+			       &private->phantom_ctls[i]->id);
+}
+
+/* Notify on "monitor other" change (direct monitor, speaker
+ * switching, talkback)
+ */
+static void scarlett2_notify_monitor_other(
+	struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card = mixer->chip->card;
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+	const struct scarlett2_device_info *info = private->info;
+
+	private->monitor_other_updated = 1;
+
+	if (info->direct_monitor) {
+		snd_ctl_notify(card, SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_VALUE,
+			       &private->direct_monitor_ctl->id);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	if (info->has_speaker_switching)
+		snd_ctl_notify(card, SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_VALUE,
+			       &private->speaker_switching_ctl->id);
+
+	if (info->has_talkback)
+		snd_ctl_notify(card, SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_VALUE,
+			       &private->talkback_ctl->id);
+
+	/* if speaker switching was recently enabled or disabled,
+	 * invalidate the dim/mute and mux enum controls
+	 */
+	if (private->speaker_switching_switched) {
+		int i;
+
+		scarlett2_notify_dim_mute(mixer);
+
+		private->speaker_switching_switched = 0;
+		private->mux_updated = 1;
+
+		for (i = 0; i < private->num_mux_dsts; i++)
+			snd_ctl_notify(card, SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_VALUE,
+				       &private->mux_ctls[i]->id);
+	}
 }
 
 /* Interrupt callback */
-static void scarlett2_mixer_interrupt(struct urb *urb)
+static void scarlett2_notify(struct urb *urb)
 {
 	struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer = urb->context;
 	int len = urb->actual_length;
 	int ustatus = urb->status;
 	u32 data;
 
-	if (ustatus != 0)
+	if (ustatus != 0 || len != 8)
 		goto requeue;
 
-	if (len == 8) {
-		data = le32_to_cpu(*(__le32 *)urb->transfer_buffer);
-		if (data & SCARLETT2_USB_INTERRUPT_VOL_CHANGE)
-			scarlett2_mixer_interrupt_vol_change(mixer);
-		if (data & SCARLETT2_USB_INTERRUPT_BUTTON_CHANGE)
-			scarlett2_mixer_interrupt_button_change(mixer);
-	} else {
-		usb_audio_err(mixer->chip,
-			      "scarlett mixer interrupt length %d\n", len);
-	}
+	data = le32_to_cpu(*(__le32 *)urb->transfer_buffer);
+	if (data & SCARLETT2_USB_NOTIFY_SYNC)
+		scarlett2_notify_sync(mixer);
+	if (data & SCARLETT2_USB_NOTIFY_MONITOR)
+		scarlett2_notify_monitor(mixer);
+	if (data & SCARLETT2_USB_NOTIFY_DIM_MUTE)
+		scarlett2_notify_dim_mute(mixer);
+	if (data & SCARLETT2_USB_NOTIFY_INPUT_OTHER)
+		scarlett2_notify_input_other(mixer);
+	if (data & SCARLETT2_USB_NOTIFY_MONITOR_OTHER)
+		scarlett2_notify_monitor_other(mixer);
 
 requeue:
 	if (ustatus != -ENOENT &&
@@ -1965,11 +3805,11 @@ requeue:
 	}
 }
 
-static int scarlett2_mixer_status_create(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer)
+static int scarlett2_init_notify(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer)
 {
 	struct usb_device *dev = mixer->chip->dev;
-	unsigned int pipe = usb_rcvintpipe(dev,
-					   SCARLETT2_USB_INTERRUPT_ENDPOINT);
+	struct scarlett2_data *private = mixer->private_data;
+	unsigned int pipe = usb_rcvintpipe(dev, private->bEndpointAddress);
 	void *transfer_buffer;
 
 	if (mixer->urb) {
@@ -1985,25 +3825,35 @@ static int scarlett2_mixer_status_create(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer)
 	if (!mixer->urb)
 		return -ENOMEM;
 
-	transfer_buffer = kmalloc(SCARLETT2_USB_INTERRUPT_MAX_DATA, GFP_KERNEL);
+	transfer_buffer = kmalloc(private->wMaxPacketSize, GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (!transfer_buffer)
 		return -ENOMEM;
 
 	usb_fill_int_urb(mixer->urb, dev, pipe,
-			 transfer_buffer, SCARLETT2_USB_INTERRUPT_MAX_DATA,
-			 scarlett2_mixer_interrupt, mixer,
-			 SCARLETT2_USB_INTERRUPT_INTERVAL);
+			 transfer_buffer, private->wMaxPacketSize,
+			 scarlett2_notify, mixer, private->bInterval);
 
 	return usb_submit_urb(mixer->urb, GFP_KERNEL);
 }
 
-static int snd_scarlett_gen2_controls_create(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer,
-					     const struct scarlett2_device_info *info)
+static int snd_scarlett_gen2_controls_create(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer)
 {
+	const struct scarlett2_device_info **info = scarlett2_devices;
 	int err;
 
-	/* Initialise private data, routing, sequence number */
-	err = scarlett2_init_private(mixer, info);
+	/* Find device in scarlett2_devices */
+	while (*info && (*info)->usb_id != mixer->chip->usb_id)
+		info++;
+	if (!*info)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	/* Initialise private data */
+	err = scarlett2_init_private(mixer, *info);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	/* Send proprietary USB initialisation sequence */
+	err = scarlett2_usb_init(mixer);
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
@@ -2012,6 +3862,15 @@ static int snd_scarlett_gen2_controls_create(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer,
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
+	/* Create the MSD control */
+	err = scarlett2_add_msd_ctl(mixer);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	/* If MSD mode is enabled, don't create any other controls */
+	if (((struct scarlett2_data *)mixer->private_data)->msd_switch)
+		return 0;
+
 	/* Create the analogue output controls */
 	err = scarlett2_add_line_out_ctls(mixer);
 	if (err < 0)
@@ -2037,12 +3896,30 @@ static int snd_scarlett_gen2_controls_create(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer,
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
-	/* Set up the interrupt polling if there are hardware buttons */
-	if (info->button_count) {
-		err = scarlett2_mixer_status_create(mixer);
-		if (err < 0)
-			return err;
-	}
+	/* Create the sync control */
+	err = scarlett2_add_sync_ctl(mixer);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	/* Create the direct monitor control */
+	err = scarlett2_add_direct_monitor_ctl(mixer);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	/* Create the speaker switching control */
+	err = scarlett2_add_speaker_switch_ctl(mixer);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	/* Create the talkback controls */
+	err = scarlett2_add_talkback_ctls(mixer);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	/* Set up the interrupt polling */
+	err = scarlett2_init_notify(mixer);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -2050,30 +3927,15 @@ static int snd_scarlett_gen2_controls_create(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer,
 int snd_scarlett_gen2_init(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer)
 {
 	struct snd_usb_audio *chip = mixer->chip;
-	const struct scarlett2_device_info *info;
 	int err;
 
 	/* only use UAC_VERSION_2 */
 	if (!mixer->protocol)
 		return 0;
 
-	switch (chip->usb_id) {
-	case USB_ID(0x1235, 0x8203):
-		info = &s6i6_gen2_info;
-		break;
-	case USB_ID(0x1235, 0x8204):
-		info = &s18i8_gen2_info;
-		break;
-	case USB_ID(0x1235, 0x8201):
-		info = &s18i20_gen2_info;
-		break;
-	default: /* device not (yet) supported */
-		return -EINVAL;
-	}
-
 	if (!(chip->setup & SCARLETT2_ENABLE)) {
 		usb_audio_info(chip,
-			"Focusrite Scarlett Gen 2 Mixer Driver disabled; "
+			"Focusrite Scarlett Gen 2/3 Mixer Driver disabled; "
 			"use options snd_usb_audio vid=0x%04x pid=0x%04x "
 			"device_setup=1 to enable and report any issues "
 			"to g@b4.vu",
@@ -2083,10 +3945,10 @@ int snd_scarlett_gen2_init(struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer)
 	}
 
 	usb_audio_info(chip,
-		"Focusrite Scarlett Gen 2 Mixer Driver enabled pid=0x%04x",
+		"Focusrite Scarlett Gen 2/3 Mixer Driver enabled pid=0x%04x",
 		USB_ID_PRODUCT(chip->usb_id));
 
-	err = snd_scarlett_gen2_controls_create(mixer, info);
+	err = snd_scarlett_gen2_controls_create(mixer);
 	if (err < 0)
 		usb_audio_err(mixer->chip,
 			      "Error initialising Scarlett Mixer Driver: %d",
diff --git a/sound/usb/pcm.c b/sound/usb/pcm.c
index e5311b6bb3f6..c66831ee15f9 100644
--- a/sound/usb/pcm.c
+++ b/sound/usb/pcm.c
@@ -29,15 +29,21 @@
 #define SUBSTREAM_FLAG_SYNC_EP_STARTED	1
 
 /* return the estimated delay based on USB frame counters */
-snd_pcm_uframes_t snd_usb_pcm_delay(struct snd_usb_substream *subs,
-				    unsigned int rate)
+static snd_pcm_uframes_t snd_usb_pcm_delay(struct snd_usb_substream *subs,
+					   struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime)
 {
-	int current_frame_number;
-	int frame_diff;
+	unsigned int current_frame_number;
+	unsigned int frame_diff;
 	int est_delay;
+	int queued;
 
-	if (!subs->last_delay)
-		return 0; /* short path */
+	if (subs->direction == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK) {
+		queued = bytes_to_frames(runtime, subs->inflight_bytes);
+		if (!queued)
+			return 0;
+	} else if (!subs->running) {
+		return 0;
+	}
 
 	current_frame_number = usb_get_current_frame_number(subs->dev);
 	/*
@@ -49,14 +55,14 @@ snd_pcm_uframes_t snd_usb_pcm_delay(struct snd_usb_substream *subs,
 
 	/* Approximation based on number of samples per USB frame (ms),
 	   some truncation for 44.1 but the estimate is good enough */
-	est_delay =  frame_diff * rate / 1000;
-	if (subs->direction == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK)
-		est_delay = subs->last_delay - est_delay;
-	else
-		est_delay = subs->last_delay + est_delay;
+	est_delay = frame_diff * runtime->rate / 1000;
+
+	if (subs->direction == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK) {
+		est_delay = queued - est_delay;
+		if (est_delay < 0)
+			est_delay = 0;
+	}
 
-	if (est_delay < 0)
-		est_delay = 0;
 	return est_delay;
 }
 
@@ -65,17 +71,17 @@ snd_pcm_uframes_t snd_usb_pcm_delay(struct snd_usb_substream *subs,
  */
 static snd_pcm_uframes_t snd_usb_pcm_pointer(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 {
-	struct snd_usb_substream *subs = substream->runtime->private_data;
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct snd_usb_substream *subs = runtime->private_data;
 	unsigned int hwptr_done;
 
 	if (atomic_read(&subs->stream->chip->shutdown))
 		return SNDRV_PCM_POS_XRUN;
 	spin_lock(&subs->lock);
 	hwptr_done = subs->hwptr_done;
-	substream->runtime->delay = snd_usb_pcm_delay(subs,
-						substream->runtime->rate);
+	runtime->delay = snd_usb_pcm_delay(subs, runtime);
 	spin_unlock(&subs->lock);
-	return hwptr_done / (substream->runtime->frame_bits >> 3);
+	return bytes_to_frames(runtime, hwptr_done);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -600,17 +606,13 @@ static int snd_usb_pcm_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 		goto unlock;
 
 	/* reset the pointer */
+	subs->buffer_bytes = frames_to_bytes(runtime, runtime->buffer_size);
+	subs->inflight_bytes = 0;
 	subs->hwptr_done = 0;
 	subs->transfer_done = 0;
-	subs->last_delay = 0;
 	subs->last_frame_number = 0;
 	runtime->delay = 0;
 
-	/* for playback, submit the URBs now; otherwise, the first hwptr_done
-	 * updates for all URBs would happen at the same time when starting */
-	if (subs->direction == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK)
-		ret = start_endpoints(subs);
-
  unlock:
 	snd_usb_unlock_shutdown(chip);
 	return ret;
@@ -1147,28 +1149,23 @@ static void retire_capture_urb(struct snd_usb_substream *subs,
 		spin_lock_irqsave(&subs->lock, flags);
 		oldptr = subs->hwptr_done;
 		subs->hwptr_done += bytes;
-		if (subs->hwptr_done >= runtime->buffer_size * stride)
-			subs->hwptr_done -= runtime->buffer_size * stride;
+		if (subs->hwptr_done >= subs->buffer_bytes)
+			subs->hwptr_done -= subs->buffer_bytes;
 		frames = (bytes + (oldptr % stride)) / stride;
 		subs->transfer_done += frames;
 		if (subs->transfer_done >= runtime->period_size) {
 			subs->transfer_done -= runtime->period_size;
 			period_elapsed = 1;
 		}
-		/* capture delay is by construction limited to one URB,
-		 * reset delays here
-		 */
-		runtime->delay = subs->last_delay = 0;
 
 		/* realign last_frame_number */
 		subs->last_frame_number = current_frame_number;
-		subs->last_frame_number &= 0xFF; /* keep 8 LSBs */
 
 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&subs->lock, flags);
 		/* copy a data chunk */
-		if (oldptr + bytes > runtime->buffer_size * stride) {
-			unsigned int bytes1 =
-					runtime->buffer_size * stride - oldptr;
+		if (oldptr + bytes > subs->buffer_bytes) {
+			unsigned int bytes1 = subs->buffer_bytes - oldptr;
+
 			memcpy(runtime->dma_area + oldptr, cp, bytes1);
 			memcpy(runtime->dma_area, cp + bytes1, bytes - bytes1);
 		} else {
@@ -1180,17 +1177,29 @@ static void retire_capture_urb(struct snd_usb_substream *subs,
 		snd_pcm_period_elapsed(subs->pcm_substream);
 }
 
+static void urb_ctx_queue_advance(struct snd_usb_substream *subs,
+				  struct urb *urb, unsigned int bytes)
+{
+	struct snd_urb_ctx *ctx = urb->context;
+
+	ctx->queued += bytes;
+	subs->inflight_bytes += bytes;
+	subs->hwptr_done += bytes;
+	if (subs->hwptr_done >= subs->buffer_bytes)
+		subs->hwptr_done -= subs->buffer_bytes;
+}
+
 static inline void fill_playback_urb_dsd_dop(struct snd_usb_substream *subs,
 					     struct urb *urb, unsigned int bytes)
 {
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = subs->pcm_substream->runtime;
-	unsigned int stride = runtime->frame_bits >> 3;
 	unsigned int dst_idx = 0;
 	unsigned int src_idx = subs->hwptr_done;
-	unsigned int wrap = runtime->buffer_size * stride;
+	unsigned int wrap = subs->buffer_bytes;
 	u8 *dst = urb->transfer_buffer;
 	u8 *src = runtime->dma_area;
 	u8 marker[] = { 0x05, 0xfa };
+	unsigned int queued = 0;
 
 	/*
 	 * The DSP DOP format defines a way to transport DSD samples over
@@ -1229,12 +1238,29 @@ static inline void fill_playback_urb_dsd_dop(struct snd_usb_substream *subs,
 				dst[dst_idx++] = bitrev8(src[idx]);
 			else
 				dst[dst_idx++] = src[idx];
-
-			subs->hwptr_done++;
+			queued++;
 		}
 	}
-	if (subs->hwptr_done >= runtime->buffer_size * stride)
-		subs->hwptr_done -= runtime->buffer_size * stride;
+
+	urb_ctx_queue_advance(subs, urb, queued);
+}
+
+/* copy bit-reversed bytes onto transfer buffer */
+static void fill_playback_urb_dsd_bitrev(struct snd_usb_substream *subs,
+					 struct urb *urb, unsigned int bytes)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = subs->pcm_substream->runtime;
+	const u8 *src = runtime->dma_area;
+	u8 *buf = urb->transfer_buffer;
+	int i, ofs = subs->hwptr_done;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < bytes; i++) {
+		*buf++ = bitrev8(src[ofs]);
+		if (++ofs >= subs->buffer_bytes)
+			ofs = 0;
+	}
+
+	urb_ctx_queue_advance(subs, urb, bytes);
 }
 
 static void copy_to_urb(struct snd_usb_substream *subs, struct urb *urb,
@@ -1242,10 +1268,10 @@ static void copy_to_urb(struct snd_usb_substream *subs, struct urb *urb,
 {
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = subs->pcm_substream->runtime;
 
-	if (subs->hwptr_done + bytes > runtime->buffer_size * stride) {
+	if (subs->hwptr_done + bytes > subs->buffer_bytes) {
 		/* err, the transferred area goes over buffer boundary. */
-		unsigned int bytes1 =
-			runtime->buffer_size * stride - subs->hwptr_done;
+		unsigned int bytes1 = subs->buffer_bytes - subs->hwptr_done;
+
 		memcpy(urb->transfer_buffer + offset,
 		       runtime->dma_area + subs->hwptr_done, bytes1);
 		memcpy(urb->transfer_buffer + offset + bytes1,
@@ -1254,9 +1280,8 @@ static void copy_to_urb(struct snd_usb_substream *subs, struct urb *urb,
 		memcpy(urb->transfer_buffer + offset,
 		       runtime->dma_area + subs->hwptr_done, bytes);
 	}
-	subs->hwptr_done += bytes;
-	if (subs->hwptr_done >= runtime->buffer_size * stride)
-		subs->hwptr_done -= runtime->buffer_size * stride;
+
+	urb_ctx_queue_advance(subs, urb, bytes);
 }
 
 static unsigned int copy_to_urb_quirk(struct snd_usb_substream *subs,
@@ -1295,17 +1320,18 @@ static void prepare_playback_urb(struct snd_usb_substream *subs,
 	int i, stride, period_elapsed = 0;
 	unsigned long flags;
 
-	stride = runtime->frame_bits >> 3;
+	stride = ep->stride;
 
 	frames = 0;
+	ctx->queued = 0;
 	urb->number_of_packets = 0;
 	spin_lock_irqsave(&subs->lock, flags);
 	subs->frame_limit += ep->max_urb_frames;
 	for (i = 0; i < ctx->packets; i++) {
 		counts = snd_usb_endpoint_next_packet_size(ep, ctx, i);
 		/* set up descriptor */
-		urb->iso_frame_desc[i].offset = frames * ep->stride;
-		urb->iso_frame_desc[i].length = counts * ep->stride;
+		urb->iso_frame_desc[i].offset = frames * stride;
+		urb->iso_frame_desc[i].length = counts * stride;
 		frames += counts;
 		urb->number_of_packets++;
 		subs->transfer_done += counts;
@@ -1320,14 +1346,14 @@ static void prepare_playback_urb(struct snd_usb_substream *subs,
 					frames -= subs->transfer_done;
 					counts -= subs->transfer_done;
 					urb->iso_frame_desc[i].length =
-						counts * ep->stride;
+						counts * stride;
 					subs->transfer_done = 0;
 				}
 				i++;
 				if (i < ctx->packets) {
 					/* add a transfer delimiter */
 					urb->iso_frame_desc[i].offset =
-						frames * ep->stride;
+						frames * stride;
 					urb->iso_frame_desc[i].length = 0;
 					urb->number_of_packets++;
 				}
@@ -1340,24 +1366,14 @@ static void prepare_playback_urb(struct snd_usb_substream *subs,
 		    !snd_usb_endpoint_implicit_feedback_sink(ep))
 			break;
 	}
-	bytes = frames * ep->stride;
+	bytes = frames * stride;
 
 	if (unlikely(ep->cur_format == SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_DSD_U16_LE &&
 		     subs->cur_audiofmt->dsd_dop)) {
 		fill_playback_urb_dsd_dop(subs, urb, bytes);
 	} else if (unlikely(ep->cur_format == SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_DSD_U8 &&
 			   subs->cur_audiofmt->dsd_bitrev)) {
-		/* bit-reverse the bytes */
-		u8 *buf = urb->transfer_buffer;
-		for (i = 0; i < bytes; i++) {
-			int idx = (subs->hwptr_done + i)
-				% (runtime->buffer_size * stride);
-			buf[i] = bitrev8(runtime->dma_area[idx]);
-		}
-
-		subs->hwptr_done += bytes;
-		if (subs->hwptr_done >= runtime->buffer_size * stride)
-			subs->hwptr_done -= runtime->buffer_size * stride;
+		fill_playback_urb_dsd_bitrev(subs, urb, bytes);
 	} else {
 		/* usual PCM */
 		if (!subs->tx_length_quirk)
@@ -1367,14 +1383,7 @@ static void prepare_playback_urb(struct snd_usb_substream *subs,
 			/* bytes is now amount of outgoing data */
 	}
 
-	/* update delay with exact number of samples queued */
-	runtime->delay = subs->last_delay;
-	runtime->delay += frames;
-	subs->last_delay = runtime->delay;
-
-	/* realign last_frame_number */
 	subs->last_frame_number = usb_get_current_frame_number(subs->dev);
-	subs->last_frame_number &= 0xFF; /* keep 8 LSBs */
 
 	if (subs->trigger_tstamp_pending_update) {
 		/* this is the first actual URB submitted,
@@ -1398,48 +1407,17 @@ static void retire_playback_urb(struct snd_usb_substream *subs,
 			       struct urb *urb)
 {
 	unsigned long flags;
-	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = subs->pcm_substream->runtime;
-	struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep = subs->data_endpoint;
-	int processed = urb->transfer_buffer_length / ep->stride;
-	int est_delay;
-
-	/* ignore the delay accounting when processed=0 is given, i.e.
-	 * silent payloads are processed before handling the actual data
-	 */
-	if (!processed)
-		return;
+	struct snd_urb_ctx *ctx = urb->context;
 
 	spin_lock_irqsave(&subs->lock, flags);
-	if (!subs->last_delay)
-		goto out; /* short path */
-
-	est_delay = snd_usb_pcm_delay(subs, runtime->rate);
-	/* update delay with exact number of samples played */
-	if (processed > subs->last_delay)
-		subs->last_delay = 0;
-	else
-		subs->last_delay -= processed;
-	runtime->delay = subs->last_delay;
-
-	/*
-	 * Report when delay estimate is off by more than 2ms.
-	 * The error should be lower than 2ms since the estimate relies
-	 * on two reads of a counter updated every ms.
-	 */
-	if (abs(est_delay - subs->last_delay) * 1000 > runtime->rate * 2)
-		dev_dbg_ratelimited(&subs->dev->dev,
-			"delay: estimated %d, actual %d\n",
-			est_delay, subs->last_delay);
-
-	if (!subs->running) {
-		/* update last_frame_number for delay counting here since
-		 * prepare_playback_urb won't be called during pause
-		 */
-		subs->last_frame_number =
-			usb_get_current_frame_number(subs->dev) & 0xff;
+	if (ctx->queued) {
+		if (subs->inflight_bytes >= ctx->queued)
+			subs->inflight_bytes -= ctx->queued;
+		else
+			subs->inflight_bytes = 0;
 	}
 
- out:
+	subs->last_frame_number = usb_get_current_frame_number(subs->dev);
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&subs->lock, flags);
 }
 
@@ -1447,6 +1425,7 @@ static int snd_usb_substream_playback_trigger(struct snd_pcm_substream *substrea
 					      int cmd)
 {
 	struct snd_usb_substream *subs = substream->runtime->private_data;
+	int err;
 
 	switch (cmd) {
 	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_START:
@@ -1457,6 +1436,14 @@ static int snd_usb_substream_playback_trigger(struct snd_pcm_substream *substrea
 					      prepare_playback_urb,
 					      retire_playback_urb,
 					      subs);
+		if (cmd == SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_START) {
+			err = start_endpoints(subs);
+			if (err < 0) {
+				snd_usb_endpoint_set_callback(subs->data_endpoint,
+							      NULL, NULL, NULL);
+				return err;
+			}
+		}
 		subs->running = 1;
 		dev_dbg(&subs->dev->dev, "%d:%d Start Playback PCM\n",
 			subs->cur_audiofmt->iface,
@@ -1504,6 +1491,7 @@ static int snd_usb_substream_capture_trigger(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream
 		snd_usb_endpoint_set_callback(subs->data_endpoint,
 					      NULL, retire_capture_urb,
 					      subs);
+		subs->last_frame_number = usb_get_current_frame_number(subs->dev);
 		subs->running = 1;
 		dev_dbg(&subs->dev->dev, "%d:%d Start Capture PCM\n",
 			subs->cur_audiofmt->iface,
diff --git a/sound/usb/pcm.h b/sound/usb/pcm.h
index 06c586467d3f..493a4e34d78d 100644
--- a/sound/usb/pcm.h
+++ b/sound/usb/pcm.h
@@ -2,9 +2,6 @@
 #ifndef __USBAUDIO_PCM_H
 #define __USBAUDIO_PCM_H
 
-snd_pcm_uframes_t snd_usb_pcm_delay(struct snd_usb_substream *subs,
-				    unsigned int rate);
-
 void snd_usb_set_pcm_ops(struct snd_pcm *pcm, int stream);
 int snd_usb_pcm_suspend(struct snd_usb_stream *as);
 int snd_usb_pcm_resume(struct snd_usb_stream *as);
diff --git a/sound/usb/quirks-table.h b/sound/usb/quirks-table.h
index bdba37d0faab..19bb499c17da 100644
--- a/sound/usb/quirks-table.h
+++ b/sound/usb/quirks-table.h
@@ -3044,6 +3044,76 @@ AU0828_DEVICE(0x2040, 0x7270, "Hauppauge", "HVR-950Q"),
 	}
 },
 
+/* Denon DN-X1600 */
+{
+	USB_AUDIO_DEVICE(0x154e, 0x500e),
+	.driver_info = (unsigned long) &(const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk) {
+		.vendor_name = "Denon",
+		.product_name = "DN-X1600",
+		.ifnum = QUIRK_ANY_INTERFACE,
+		.type = QUIRK_COMPOSITE,
+		.data = (const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk[]){
+			{
+				.ifnum = 0,
+				.type = QUIRK_IGNORE_INTERFACE,
+			},
+			{
+				.ifnum = 1,
+				.type = QUIRK_AUDIO_FIXED_ENDPOINT,
+				.data = &(const struct audioformat) {
+					.formats = SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S24_3LE,
+					.channels = 8,
+					.iface = 1,
+					.altsetting = 1,
+					.altset_idx = 1,
+					.attributes = 0x0,
+					.endpoint = 0x01,
+					.ep_attr = USB_ENDPOINT_XFER_ISOC |
+						USB_ENDPOINT_SYNC_ADAPTIVE,
+					.maxpacksize = 0x138,
+					.rates = SNDRV_PCM_RATE_48000,
+					.rate_min = 48000,
+					.rate_max = 48000,
+					.nr_rates = 1,
+					.rate_table = (unsigned int[]) {
+						48000
+					}
+				}
+			},
+			{
+				.ifnum = 2,
+				.type = QUIRK_AUDIO_FIXED_ENDPOINT,
+				.data = &(const struct audioformat) {
+					.formats = SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S24_3LE,
+					.channels = 8,
+					.iface = 2,
+					.altsetting = 1,
+					.altset_idx = 1,
+					.attributes = 0x0,
+					.endpoint = 0x85,
+					.ep_attr = USB_ENDPOINT_XFER_ISOC |
+						USB_ENDPOINT_SYNC_ADAPTIVE,
+					.maxpacksize = 0x138,
+					.rates = SNDRV_PCM_RATE_48000,
+					.rate_min = 48000,
+					.rate_max = 48000,
+					.nr_rates = 1,
+					.rate_table = (unsigned int[]) {
+						48000
+					}
+				}
+			},
+			{
+				.ifnum = 4,
+				.type = QUIRK_MIDI_STANDARD_INTERFACE,
+			},
+			{
+				.ifnum = -1
+			}
+		}
+	}
+},
+
 /* Microsoft XboxLive Headset/Xbox Communicator */
 {
 	USB_DEVICE(0x045e, 0x0283),
diff --git a/sound/usb/usx2y/us122l.c b/sound/usb/usx2y/us122l.c
index 6e1bfe894dd5..e558931cce16 100644
--- a/sound/usb/usx2y/us122l.c
+++ b/sound/usb/usx2y/us122l.c
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ static int us122l_create_usbmidi(struct snd_card *card)
 	static const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk quirk = {
 		.vendor_name =	"US122L",
 		.product_name =	NAME_ALLCAPS,
-		.ifnum = 	1,
+		.ifnum =	1,
 		.type = QUIRK_MIDI_US122L,
 		.data = &quirk_data
 	};
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ static int us144_create_usbmidi(struct snd_card *card)
 	static const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk quirk = {
 		.vendor_name =	"US144",
 		.product_name =	NAME_ALLCAPS,
-		.ifnum = 	0,
+		.ifnum =	0,
 		.type = QUIRK_MIDI_US122L,
 		.data = &quirk_data
 	};
@@ -95,6 +95,7 @@ static void pt_info_set(struct usb_device *dev, u8 v)
 static void usb_stream_hwdep_vm_open(struct vm_area_struct *area)
 {
 	struct us122l *us122l = area->vm_private_data;
+
 	atomic_inc(&us122l->mmap_count);
 	snd_printdd(KERN_DEBUG "%i\n", atomic_read(&us122l->mmap_count));
 }
@@ -113,9 +114,9 @@ static vm_fault_t usb_stream_hwdep_vm_fault(struct vm_fault *vmf)
 		goto unlock;
 
 	offset = vmf->pgoff << PAGE_SHIFT;
-	if (offset < PAGE_ALIGN(s->read_size))
+	if (offset < PAGE_ALIGN(s->read_size)) {
 		vaddr = (char *)s + offset;
-	else {
+	} else {
 		offset -= PAGE_ALIGN(s->read_size);
 		if (offset >= PAGE_ALIGN(s->write_size))
 			goto unlock;
@@ -138,6 +139,7 @@ unlock:
 static void usb_stream_hwdep_vm_close(struct vm_area_struct *area)
 {
 	struct us122l *us122l = area->vm_private_data;
+
 	atomic_dec(&us122l->mmap_count);
 	snd_printdd(KERN_DEBUG "%i\n", atomic_read(&us122l->mmap_count));
 }
@@ -148,11 +150,11 @@ static const struct vm_operations_struct usb_stream_hwdep_vm_ops = {
 	.close = usb_stream_hwdep_vm_close,
 };
 
-
 static int usb_stream_hwdep_open(struct snd_hwdep *hw, struct file *file)
 {
 	struct us122l	*us122l = hw->private_data;
 	struct usb_interface *iface;
+
 	snd_printdd(KERN_DEBUG "%p %p\n", hw, file);
 	if (hw->used >= 2)
 		return -EBUSY;
@@ -173,6 +175,7 @@ static int usb_stream_hwdep_release(struct snd_hwdep *hw, struct file *file)
 {
 	struct us122l	*us122l = hw->private_data;
 	struct usb_interface *iface;
+
 	snd_printdd(KERN_DEBUG "%p %p\n", hw, file);
 
 	if (us122l->is_us144) {
@@ -235,7 +238,7 @@ static __poll_t usb_stream_hwdep_poll(struct snd_hwdep *hw,
 					  struct file *file, poll_table *wait)
 {
 	struct us122l	*us122l = hw->private_data;
-	unsigned	*polled;
+	unsigned int	*polled;
 	__poll_t	mask;
 
 	poll_wait(file, &us122l->sk.sleep, wait);
@@ -243,6 +246,7 @@ static __poll_t usb_stream_hwdep_poll(struct snd_hwdep *hw,
 	mask = EPOLLIN | EPOLLOUT | EPOLLWRNORM | EPOLLERR;
 	if (mutex_trylock(&us122l->mutex)) {
 		struct usb_stream *s = us122l->sk.s;
+
 		if (s && s->state == usb_stream_ready) {
 			if (us122l->first == file)
 				polled = &s->periods_polled;
@@ -251,8 +255,9 @@ static __poll_t usb_stream_hwdep_poll(struct snd_hwdep *hw,
 			if (*polled != s->periods_done) {
 				*polled = s->periods_done;
 				mask = EPOLLIN | EPOLLOUT | EPOLLWRNORM;
-			} else
+			} else {
 				mask = 0;
+			}
 		}
 		mutex_unlock(&us122l->mutex);
 	}
@@ -262,6 +267,7 @@ static __poll_t usb_stream_hwdep_poll(struct snd_hwdep *hw,
 static void us122l_stop(struct us122l *us122l)
 {
 	struct list_head *p;
+
 	list_for_each(p, &us122l->midi_list)
 		snd_usbmidi_input_stop(p);
 
@@ -289,11 +295,11 @@ static int us122l_set_sample_rate(struct usb_device *dev, int rate)
 }
 
 static bool us122l_start(struct us122l *us122l,
-			 unsigned rate, unsigned period_frames)
+			 unsigned int rate, unsigned int period_frames)
 {
 	struct list_head *p;
 	int err;
-	unsigned use_packsize = 0;
+	unsigned int use_packsize = 0;
 	bool success = false;
 
 	if (us122l->dev->speed == USB_SPEED_HIGH) {
@@ -320,13 +326,13 @@ static bool us122l_start(struct us122l *us122l,
 	err = us122l_set_sample_rate(us122l->dev, rate);
 	if (err < 0) {
 		us122l_stop(us122l);
-		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "us122l_set_sample_rate error \n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "us122l_set_sample_rate error\n");
 		goto out;
 	}
 	err = usb_stream_start(&us122l->sk);
 	if (err < 0) {
 		us122l_stop(us122l);
-		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "us122l_start error %i \n", err);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "%s error %i\n", __func__, err);
 		goto out;
 	}
 	list_for_each(p, &us122l->midi_list)
@@ -337,12 +343,12 @@ out:
 }
 
 static int usb_stream_hwdep_ioctl(struct snd_hwdep *hw, struct file *file,
-				  unsigned cmd, unsigned long arg)
+				  unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
 {
 	struct usb_stream_config cfg;
 	struct us122l *us122l = hw->private_data;
 	struct usb_stream *s;
-	unsigned min_period_frames;
+	unsigned int min_period_frames;
 	int err = 0;
 	bool high_speed;
 
@@ -379,13 +385,13 @@ static int usb_stream_hwdep_ioctl(struct snd_hwdep *hw, struct file *file,
 	if (cfg.period_frames < min_period_frames)
 		return -EINVAL;
 
-	snd_power_wait(hw->card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0);
+	snd_power_wait(hw->card);
 
 	mutex_lock(&us122l->mutex);
 	s = us122l->sk.s;
-	if (!us122l->master)
+	if (!us122l->master) {
 		us122l->master = file;
-	else if (us122l->master != file) {
+	} else if (us122l->master != file) {
 		if (!s || memcmp(&cfg, &s->cfg, sizeof(cfg))) {
 			err = -EIO;
 			goto unlock;
@@ -431,7 +437,6 @@ static int usb_stream_hwdep_new(struct snd_card *card)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-
 static bool us122l_create_card(struct snd_card *card)
 {
 	int err;
@@ -440,13 +445,13 @@ static bool us122l_create_card(struct snd_card *card)
 	if (us122l->is_us144) {
 		err = usb_set_interface(us122l->dev, 0, 1);
 		if (err) {
-			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "usb_set_interface error \n");
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "usb_set_interface error\n");
 			return false;
 		}
 	}
 	err = usb_set_interface(us122l->dev, 1, 1);
 	if (err) {
-		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "usb_set_interface error \n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "usb_set_interface error\n");
 		return false;
 	}
 
@@ -461,13 +466,14 @@ static bool us122l_create_card(struct snd_card *card)
 	else
 		err = us122l_create_usbmidi(card);
 	if (err < 0) {
-		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "us122l_create_usbmidi error %i \n", err);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "us122l_create_usbmidi error %i\n", err);
 		goto stop;
 	}
 	err = usb_stream_hwdep_new(card);
 	if (err < 0) {
-/* release the midi resources */
+		/* release the midi resources */
 		struct list_head *p;
+
 		list_for_each(p, &us122l->midi_list)
 			snd_usbmidi_disconnect(p);
 
@@ -484,7 +490,8 @@ static void snd_us122l_free(struct snd_card *card)
 {
 	struct us122l	*us122l = US122L(card);
 	int		index = us122l->card_index;
-	if (index >= 0  &&  index < SNDRV_CARDS)
+
+	if (index >= 0 && index < SNDRV_CARDS)
 		snd_us122l_card_used[index] = 0;
 }
 
@@ -565,7 +572,7 @@ static int snd_us122l_probe(struct usb_interface *intf,
 
 	if (id->driver_info & US122L_FLAG_US144 &&
 			device->speed == USB_SPEED_HIGH) {
-		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "disable ehci-hcd to run US-144 \n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "disable ehci-hcd to run US-144\n");
 		return -ENODEV;
 	}
 
@@ -601,7 +608,7 @@ static void snd_us122l_disconnect(struct usb_interface *intf)
 	us122l_stop(us122l);
 	mutex_unlock(&us122l->mutex);
 
-/* release the midi resources */
+	/* release the midi resources */
 	list_for_each(p, &us122l->midi_list) {
 		snd_usbmidi_disconnect(p);
 	}
@@ -661,13 +668,13 @@ static int snd_us122l_resume(struct usb_interface *intf)
 	if (us122l->is_us144) {
 		err = usb_set_interface(us122l->dev, 0, 1);
 		if (err) {
-			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "usb_set_interface error \n");
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "usb_set_interface error\n");
 			goto unlock;
 		}
 	}
 	err = usb_set_interface(us122l->dev, 1, 1);
 	if (err) {
-		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "usb_set_interface error \n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "usb_set_interface error\n");
 		goto unlock;
 	}
 
@@ -677,7 +684,7 @@ static int snd_us122l_resume(struct usb_interface *intf)
 	err = us122l_set_sample_rate(us122l->dev,
 				     us122l->sk.s->cfg.sample_rate);
 	if (err < 0) {
-		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "us122l_set_sample_rate error \n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "us122l_set_sample_rate error\n");
 		goto unlock;
 	}
 	err = usb_stream_start(&us122l->sk);
@@ -717,8 +724,8 @@ static const struct usb_device_id snd_us122l_usb_id_table[] = {
 	},
 	{ /* terminator */ }
 };
-
 MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(usb, snd_us122l_usb_id_table);
+
 static struct usb_driver snd_us122l_usb_driver = {
 	.name =		"snd-usb-us122l",
 	.probe =	snd_us122l_probe,
diff --git a/sound/usb/usx2y/us122l.h b/sound/usb/usx2y/us122l.h
index 34bea99d343c..c32ae5e981e9 100644
--- a/sound/usb/usx2y/us122l.h
+++ b/sound/usb/usx2y/us122l.h
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ struct us122l {
 
 	struct mutex		mutex;
 	struct file		*first;
-	unsigned		second_periods_polled;
+	unsigned int		second_periods_polled;
 	struct file		*master;
 	struct file		*slave;
 	struct list_head	midi_list;
diff --git a/sound/usb/usx2y/usX2Yhwdep.c b/sound/usb/usx2y/usX2Yhwdep.c
index 22412cd69e98..c29da0341bc5 100644
--- a/sound/usb/usx2y/usX2Yhwdep.c
+++ b/sound/usb/usx2y/usX2Yhwdep.c
@@ -21,15 +21,15 @@
 static vm_fault_t snd_us428ctls_vm_fault(struct vm_fault *vmf)
 {
 	unsigned long offset;
-	struct page * page;
+	struct page *page;
 	void *vaddr;
 
 	snd_printdd("ENTER, start %lXh, pgoff %ld\n",
 		   vmf->vma->vm_start,
 		   vmf->pgoff);
-	
+
 	offset = vmf->pgoff << PAGE_SHIFT;
-	vaddr = (char *)((struct usX2Ydev *)vmf->vma->vm_private_data)->us428ctls_sharedmem + offset;
+	vaddr = (char *)((struct usx2ydev *)vmf->vma->vm_private_data)->us428ctls_sharedmem + offset;
 	page = virt_to_page(vaddr);
 	get_page(page);
 	vmf->page = page;
@@ -44,30 +44,22 @@ static const struct vm_operations_struct us428ctls_vm_ops = {
 	.fault = snd_us428ctls_vm_fault,
 };
 
-static int snd_us428ctls_mmap(struct snd_hwdep * hw, struct file *filp, struct vm_area_struct *area)
+static int snd_us428ctls_mmap(struct snd_hwdep *hw, struct file *filp, struct vm_area_struct *area)
 {
 	unsigned long	size = (unsigned long)(area->vm_end - area->vm_start);
-	struct usX2Ydev	*us428 = hw->private_data;
+	struct usx2ydev	*us428 = hw->private_data;
 
 	// FIXME this hwdep interface is used twice: fpga download and mmap for controlling Lights etc. Maybe better using 2 hwdep devs?
 	// so as long as the device isn't fully initialised yet we return -EBUSY here.
- 	if (!(us428->chip_status & USX2Y_STAT_CHIP_INIT))
+	if (!(us428->chip_status & USX2Y_STAT_CHIP_INIT))
 		return -EBUSY;
 
-	/* if userspace tries to mmap beyond end of our buffer, fail */ 
-        if (size > PAGE_ALIGN(sizeof(struct us428ctls_sharedmem))) {
-		snd_printd( "%lu > %lu\n", size, (unsigned long)sizeof(struct us428ctls_sharedmem)); 
-                return -EINVAL;
+	/* if userspace tries to mmap beyond end of our buffer, fail */
+	if (size > US428_SHAREDMEM_PAGES) {
+		snd_printd("%lu > %lu\n", size, (unsigned long)US428_SHAREDMEM_PAGES);
+		return -EINVAL;
 	}
 
-	if (!us428->us428ctls_sharedmem) {
-		init_waitqueue_head(&us428->us428ctls_wait_queue_head);
-		us428->us428ctls_sharedmem = alloc_pages_exact(sizeof(struct us428ctls_sharedmem), GFP_KERNEL);
-		if (!us428->us428ctls_sharedmem)
-			return -ENOMEM;
-		memset(us428->us428ctls_sharedmem, -1, sizeof(struct us428ctls_sharedmem));
-		us428->us428ctls_sharedmem->CtlSnapShotLast = -2;
-	}
 	area->vm_ops = &us428ctls_vm_ops;
 	area->vm_flags |= VM_DONTEXPAND | VM_DONTDUMP;
 	area->vm_private_data = hw->private_data;
@@ -77,21 +69,22 @@ static int snd_us428ctls_mmap(struct snd_hwdep * hw, struct file *filp, struct v
 static __poll_t snd_us428ctls_poll(struct snd_hwdep *hw, struct file *file, poll_table *wait)
 {
 	__poll_t	mask = 0;
-	struct usX2Ydev	*us428 = hw->private_data;
+	struct usx2ydev	*us428 = hw->private_data;
 	struct us428ctls_sharedmem *shm = us428->us428ctls_sharedmem;
+
 	if (us428->chip_status & USX2Y_STAT_CHIP_HUP)
 		return EPOLLHUP;
 
 	poll_wait(file, &us428->us428ctls_wait_queue_head, wait);
 
-	if (shm != NULL && shm->CtlSnapShotLast != shm->CtlSnapShotRed)
+	if (shm && shm->ctl_snapshot_last != shm->ctl_snapshot_red)
 		mask |= EPOLLIN;
 
 	return mask;
 }
 
 
-static int snd_usX2Y_hwdep_dsp_status(struct snd_hwdep *hw,
+static int snd_usx2y_hwdep_dsp_status(struct snd_hwdep *hw,
 				      struct snd_hwdep_dsp_status *info)
 {
 	static const char * const type_ids[USX2Y_TYPE_NUMS] = {
@@ -99,7 +92,7 @@ static int snd_usX2Y_hwdep_dsp_status(struct snd_hwdep *hw,
 		[USX2Y_TYPE_224] = "us224",
 		[USX2Y_TYPE_428] = "us428",
 	};
-	struct usX2Ydev	*us428 = hw->private_data;
+	struct usx2ydev	*us428 = hw->private_data;
 	int id = -1;
 
 	switch (le16_to_cpu(us428->dev->descriptor.idProduct)) {
@@ -113,7 +106,7 @@ static int snd_usX2Y_hwdep_dsp_status(struct snd_hwdep *hw,
 		id = USX2Y_TYPE_428;
 		break;
 	}
-	if (0 > id)
+	if (id < 0)
 		return -ENODEV;
 	strcpy(info->id, type_ids[id]);
 	info->num_dsps = 2;		// 0: Prepad Data, 1: FPGA Code
@@ -123,8 +116,7 @@ static int snd_usX2Y_hwdep_dsp_status(struct snd_hwdep *hw,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-
-static int usX2Y_create_usbmidi(struct snd_card *card)
+static int usx2y_create_usbmidi(struct snd_card *card)
 {
 	static const struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint_info quirk_data_1 = {
 		.out_ep = 0x06,
@@ -135,8 +127,8 @@ static int usX2Y_create_usbmidi(struct snd_card *card)
 	static const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk quirk_1 = {
 		.vendor_name =	"TASCAM",
 		.product_name =	NAME_ALLCAPS,
-		.ifnum = 	0,
-       		.type = QUIRK_MIDI_FIXED_ENDPOINT,
+		.ifnum =	0,
+		.type = QUIRK_MIDI_FIXED_ENDPOINT,
 		.data = &quirk_data_1
 	};
 	static const struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint_info quirk_data_2 = {
@@ -148,49 +140,50 @@ static int usX2Y_create_usbmidi(struct snd_card *card)
 	static const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk quirk_2 = {
 		.vendor_name =	"TASCAM",
 		.product_name =	"US428",
-		.ifnum = 	0,
-       		.type = QUIRK_MIDI_FIXED_ENDPOINT,
+		.ifnum =	0,
+		.type = QUIRK_MIDI_FIXED_ENDPOINT,
 		.data = &quirk_data_2
 	};
-	struct usb_device *dev = usX2Y(card)->dev;
+	struct usb_device *dev = usx2y(card)->dev;
 	struct usb_interface *iface = usb_ifnum_to_if(dev, 0);
 	const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk =
 		le16_to_cpu(dev->descriptor.idProduct) == USB_ID_US428 ?
 		&quirk_2 : &quirk_1;
 
-	snd_printdd("usX2Y_create_usbmidi \n");
-	return snd_usbmidi_create(card, iface, &usX2Y(card)->midi_list, quirk);
+	snd_printdd("%s\n", __func__);
+	return snd_usbmidi_create(card, iface, &usx2y(card)->midi_list, quirk);
 }
 
-static int usX2Y_create_alsa_devices(struct snd_card *card)
+static int usx2y_create_alsa_devices(struct snd_card *card)
 {
 	int err;
 
-	do {
-		if ((err = usX2Y_create_usbmidi(card)) < 0) {
-			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "usX2Y_create_alsa_devices: usX2Y_create_usbmidi error %i \n", err);
-			break;
-		}
-		if ((err = usX2Y_audio_create(card)) < 0) 
-			break;
-		if ((err = usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_new(card)) < 0)
-			break;
-		if ((err = snd_card_register(card)) < 0)
-			break;
-	} while (0);
-
-	return err;
-} 
+	err = usx2y_create_usbmidi(card);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "%s: usx2y_create_usbmidi error %i\n", __func__, err);
+		return err;
+	}
+	err = usx2y_audio_create(card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = usx2y_hwdep_pcm_new(card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	return 0;
+}
 
-static int snd_usX2Y_hwdep_dsp_load(struct snd_hwdep *hw,
+static int snd_usx2y_hwdep_dsp_load(struct snd_hwdep *hw,
 				    struct snd_hwdep_dsp_image *dsp)
 {
-	struct usX2Ydev *priv = hw->private_data;
-	struct usb_device* dev = priv->dev;
+	struct usx2ydev *priv = hw->private_data;
+	struct usb_device *dev = priv->dev;
 	int lret, err;
 	char *buf;
 
-	snd_printdd( "dsp_load %s\n", dsp->name);
+	snd_printdd("dsp_load %s\n", dsp->name);
 
 	buf = memdup_user(dsp->image, dsp->length);
 	if (IS_ERR(buf))
@@ -198,7 +191,7 @@ static int snd_usX2Y_hwdep_dsp_load(struct snd_hwdep *hw,
 
 	err = usb_set_interface(dev, 0, 1);
 	if (err)
-		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "usb_set_interface error \n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "usb_set_interface error\n");
 	else
 		err = usb_bulk_msg(dev, usb_sndbulkpipe(dev, 2), buf, dsp->length, &lret, 6000);
 	kfree(buf);
@@ -206,45 +199,51 @@ static int snd_usX2Y_hwdep_dsp_load(struct snd_hwdep *hw,
 		return err;
 	if (dsp->index == 1) {
 		msleep(250);				// give the device some time
-		err = usX2Y_AsyncSeq04_init(priv);
+		err = usx2y_async_seq04_init(priv);
 		if (err) {
-			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "usX2Y_AsyncSeq04_init error \n");
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "usx2y_async_seq04_init error\n");
 			return err;
 		}
-		err = usX2Y_In04_init(priv);
+		err = usx2y_in04_init(priv);
 		if (err) {
-			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "usX2Y_In04_init error \n");
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "usx2y_in04_init error\n");
 			return err;
 		}
-		err = usX2Y_create_alsa_devices(hw->card);
+		err = usx2y_create_alsa_devices(hw->card);
 		if (err) {
-			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "usX2Y_create_alsa_devices error %i \n", err);
-			snd_card_free(hw->card);
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "usx2y_create_alsa_devices error %i\n", err);
 			return err;
 		}
-		priv->chip_status |= USX2Y_STAT_CHIP_INIT; 
+		priv->chip_status |= USX2Y_STAT_CHIP_INIT;
 		snd_printdd("%s: alsa all started\n", hw->name);
 	}
 	return err;
 }
 
-
-int usX2Y_hwdep_new(struct snd_card *card, struct usb_device* device)
+int usx2y_hwdep_new(struct snd_card *card, struct usb_device *device)
 {
 	int err;
 	struct snd_hwdep *hw;
+	struct usx2ydev	*us428 = usx2y(card);
 
-	if ((err = snd_hwdep_new(card, SND_USX2Y_LOADER_ID, 0, &hw)) < 0)
+	err = snd_hwdep_new(card, SND_USX2Y_LOADER_ID, 0, &hw);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	hw->iface = SNDRV_HWDEP_IFACE_USX2Y;
-	hw->private_data = usX2Y(card);
-	hw->ops.dsp_status = snd_usX2Y_hwdep_dsp_status;
-	hw->ops.dsp_load = snd_usX2Y_hwdep_dsp_load;
+	hw->private_data = us428;
+	hw->ops.dsp_status = snd_usx2y_hwdep_dsp_status;
+	hw->ops.dsp_load = snd_usx2y_hwdep_dsp_load;
 	hw->ops.mmap = snd_us428ctls_mmap;
 	hw->ops.poll = snd_us428ctls_poll;
 	hw->exclusive = 1;
 	sprintf(hw->name, "/dev/bus/usb/%03d/%03d", device->bus->busnum, device->devnum);
+
+	us428->us428ctls_sharedmem = alloc_pages_exact(US428_SHAREDMEM_PAGES, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!us428->us428ctls_sharedmem)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	memset(us428->us428ctls_sharedmem, -1, US428_SHAREDMEM_PAGES);
+	us428->us428ctls_sharedmem->ctl_snapshot_last = -2;
+
 	return 0;
 }
-
diff --git a/sound/usb/usx2y/usX2Yhwdep.h b/sound/usb/usx2y/usX2Yhwdep.h
index 457199b5ed03..0c9946d9cd99 100644
--- a/sound/usb/usx2y/usX2Yhwdep.h
+++ b/sound/usb/usx2y/usX2Yhwdep.h
@@ -2,6 +2,6 @@
 #ifndef USX2YHWDEP_H
 #define USX2YHWDEP_H
 
-int usX2Y_hwdep_new(struct snd_card *card, struct usb_device* device);
+int usx2y_hwdep_new(struct snd_card *card, struct usb_device *device);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/sound/usb/usx2y/usb_stream.c b/sound/usb/usx2y/usb_stream.c
index 091c071b270a..9d0e44793896 100644
--- a/sound/usb/usx2y/usb_stream.c
+++ b/sound/usb/usx2y/usb_stream.c
@@ -8,12 +8,12 @@
 
 #include "usb_stream.h"
 
-
 /*                             setup                                  */
 
-static unsigned usb_stream_next_packet_size(struct usb_stream_kernel *sk)
+static unsigned int usb_stream_next_packet_size(struct usb_stream_kernel *sk)
 {
 	struct usb_stream *s = sk->s;
+
 	sk->out_phase_peeked = (sk->out_phase & 0xffff) + sk->freqn;
 	return (sk->out_phase_peeked >> 16) * s->cfg.frame_size;
 }
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ static void playback_prep_freqn(struct usb_stream_kernel *sk, struct urb *urb)
 
 	for (pack = 0; pack < sk->n_o_ps; pack++) {
 		int l = usb_stream_next_packet_size(sk);
+
 		if (s->idle_outsize + lb + l > s->period_size)
 			goto check;
 
@@ -43,9 +44,10 @@ check:
 		    lb, s->period_size);
 }
 
-static int init_pipe_urbs(struct usb_stream_kernel *sk, unsigned use_packsize,
-			   struct urb **urbs, char *transfer,
-			   struct usb_device *dev, int pipe)
+static int init_pipe_urbs(struct usb_stream_kernel *sk,
+			  unsigned int use_packsize,
+			  struct urb **urbs, char *transfer,
+			  struct usb_device *dev, int pipe)
 {
 	int u, p;
 	int maxpacket = use_packsize ?
@@ -56,6 +58,7 @@ static int init_pipe_urbs(struct usb_stream_kernel *sk, unsigned use_packsize,
 	     ++u, transfer += transfer_length) {
 		struct urb *urb = urbs[u];
 		struct usb_iso_packet_descriptor *desc;
+
 		urb->transfer_buffer = transfer;
 		urb->dev = dev;
 		urb->pipe = pipe;
@@ -80,13 +83,12 @@ static int init_pipe_urbs(struct usb_stream_kernel *sk, unsigned use_packsize,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int init_urbs(struct usb_stream_kernel *sk, unsigned use_packsize,
-		      struct usb_device *dev, int in_pipe, int out_pipe)
+static int init_urbs(struct usb_stream_kernel *sk, unsigned int use_packsize,
+		     struct usb_device *dev, int in_pipe, int out_pipe)
 {
 	struct usb_stream	*s = sk->s;
-	char			*indata = (char *)s + sizeof(*s) +
-					sizeof(struct usb_stream_packet) *
-					s->inpackets;
+	char			*indata =
+		(char *)s + sizeof(*s) + sizeof(struct usb_stream_packet) * s->inpackets;
 	int			u;
 
 	for (u = 0; u < USB_STREAM_NURBS; ++u) {
@@ -107,12 +109,11 @@ static int init_urbs(struct usb_stream_kernel *sk, unsigned use_packsize,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-
 /*
  * convert a sampling rate into our full speed format (fs/1000 in Q16.16)
  * this will overflow at approx 524 kHz
  */
-static inline unsigned get_usb_full_speed_rate(unsigned rate)
+static inline unsigned int get_usb_full_speed_rate(unsigned int rate)
 {
 	return ((rate << 13) + 62) / 125;
 }
@@ -121,7 +122,7 @@ static inline unsigned get_usb_full_speed_rate(unsigned rate)
  * convert a sampling rate into USB high speed format (fs/8000 in Q16.16)
  * this will overflow at approx 4 MHz
  */
-static inline unsigned get_usb_high_speed_rate(unsigned rate)
+static inline unsigned int get_usb_high_speed_rate(unsigned int rate)
 {
 	return ((rate << 10) + 62) / 125;
 }
@@ -129,7 +130,7 @@ static inline unsigned get_usb_high_speed_rate(unsigned rate)
 void usb_stream_free(struct usb_stream_kernel *sk)
 {
 	struct usb_stream *s;
-	unsigned u;
+	unsigned int u;
 
 	for (u = 0; u < USB_STREAM_NURBS; ++u) {
 		usb_free_urb(sk->inurb[u]);
@@ -142,17 +143,23 @@ void usb_stream_free(struct usb_stream_kernel *sk)
 	if (!s)
 		return;
 
-	free_pages_exact(sk->write_page, s->write_size);
-	sk->write_page = NULL;
+	if (sk->write_page) {
+		free_pages_exact(sk->write_page, s->write_size);
+		sk->write_page = NULL;
+	}
+
 	free_pages_exact(s, s->read_size);
 	sk->s = NULL;
 }
 
 struct usb_stream *usb_stream_new(struct usb_stream_kernel *sk,
 				  struct usb_device *dev,
-				  unsigned in_endpoint, unsigned out_endpoint,
-				  unsigned sample_rate, unsigned use_packsize,
-				  unsigned period_frames, unsigned frame_size)
+				  unsigned int in_endpoint,
+				  unsigned int out_endpoint,
+				  unsigned int sample_rate,
+				  unsigned int use_packsize,
+				  unsigned int period_frames,
+				  unsigned int frame_size)
 {
 	int packets, max_packsize;
 	int in_pipe, out_pipe;
@@ -231,12 +238,12 @@ out:
 	return sk->s;
 }
 
-
 /*                             start                                  */
 
 static bool balance_check(struct usb_stream_kernel *sk, struct urb *urb)
 {
 	bool r;
+
 	if (unlikely(urb->status)) {
 		if (urb->status != -ESHUTDOWN && urb->status != -ENOENT)
 			snd_printk(KERN_WARNING "status=%i\n", urb->status);
@@ -267,6 +274,7 @@ static void subs_set_complete(struct urb **urbs, void (*complete)(struct urb *))
 
 	for (u = 0; u < USB_STREAM_NURBS; u++) {
 		struct urb *urb = urbs[u];
+
 		urb->complete = complete;
 	}
 }
@@ -284,6 +292,7 @@ static int usb_stream_prepare_playback(struct usb_stream_kernel *sk,
 
 	for (; s->sync_packet < 0; ++p, ++s->sync_packet) {
 		struct urb *ii = sk->completed_inurb;
+
 		id = ii->iso_frame_desc +
 			ii->number_of_packets + s->sync_packet;
 		l = id->actual_length;
@@ -351,6 +360,7 @@ static int submit_urbs(struct usb_stream_kernel *sk,
 		       struct urb *inurb, struct urb *outurb)
 {
 	int err;
+
 	prepare_inurb(sk->idle_outurb->number_of_packets, sk->idle_inurb);
 	err = usb_submit_urb(sk->idle_inurb, GFP_ATOMIC);
 	if (err < 0)
@@ -447,6 +457,7 @@ static void stream_idle(struct usb_stream_kernel *sk,
 
 	for (p = 0; p < inurb->number_of_packets; ++p) {
 		struct usb_iso_packet_descriptor *id = inurb->iso_frame_desc;
+
 		l = id[p].actual_length;
 		if (unlikely(l == 0 || id[p].status)) {
 			snd_printk(KERN_WARNING "underrun, status=%u\n",
@@ -503,6 +514,7 @@ err_out:
 static void i_capture_idle(struct urb *urb)
 {
 	struct usb_stream_kernel *sk = urb->context;
+
 	if (balance_capture(sk, urb))
 		stream_idle(sk, urb, sk->i_urb);
 }
@@ -510,6 +522,7 @@ static void i_capture_idle(struct urb *urb)
 static void i_playback_idle(struct urb *urb)
 {
 	struct usb_stream_kernel *sk = urb->context;
+
 	if (balance_playback(sk, urb))
 		stream_idle(sk, sk->i_urb, urb);
 }
@@ -518,10 +531,12 @@ static void stream_start(struct usb_stream_kernel *sk,
 			 struct urb *inurb, struct urb *outurb)
 {
 	struct usb_stream *s = sk->s;
+
 	if (s->state >= usb_stream_sync1) {
 		int l, p, max_diff, max_diff_0;
 		int urb_size = 0;
-		unsigned frames_per_packet, min_frames = 0;
+		unsigned int frames_per_packet, min_frames = 0;
+
 		frames_per_packet = (s->period_size - s->idle_insize);
 		frames_per_packet <<= 8;
 		frames_per_packet /=
@@ -536,6 +551,7 @@ static void stream_start(struct usb_stream_kernel *sk,
 		max_diff = max_diff_0;
 		for (p = 0; p < inurb->number_of_packets; ++p) {
 			int diff;
+
 			l = inurb->iso_frame_desc[p].actual_length;
 			urb_size += l;
 
@@ -561,7 +577,8 @@ static void stream_start(struct usb_stream_kernel *sk,
 				(s->inpacket_head + 1) % s->inpackets;
 			s->next_inpacket_split_at = 0;
 		} else {
-			unsigned split = s->inpacket_head;
+			unsigned int split = s->inpacket_head;
+
 			l = s->idle_insize;
 			while (l > s->inpacket[split].length) {
 				l -= s->inpacket[split].length;
@@ -609,6 +626,7 @@ static void i_capture_start(struct urb *urb)
 
 	for (p = 0; p < urb->number_of_packets; ++p) {
 		int l = id[p].actual_length;
+
 		if (l < s->cfg.frame_size) {
 			++empty;
 			if (s->state >= usb_stream_sync0) {
@@ -628,6 +646,7 @@ static void i_capture_start(struct urb *urb)
 		       urb->iso_frame_desc[0].actual_length);
 		for (pack = 1; pack < urb->number_of_packets; ++pack) {
 			int l = urb->iso_frame_desc[pack].actual_length;
+
 			printk(KERN_CONT " %i", l);
 		}
 		printk(KERN_CONT "\n");
@@ -643,6 +662,7 @@ static void i_capture_start(struct urb *urb)
 static void i_playback_start(struct urb *urb)
 {
 	struct usb_stream_kernel *sk = urb->context;
+
 	if (balance_playback(sk, urb))
 		stream_start(sk, sk->i_urb, urb);
 }
@@ -671,6 +691,7 @@ dotry:
 	for (u = 0; u < 2; u++) {
 		struct urb *inurb = sk->inurb[u];
 		struct urb *outurb = sk->outurb[u];
+
 		playback_prep_freqn(sk, outurb);
 		inurb->number_of_packets = outurb->number_of_packets;
 		inurb->transfer_buffer_length =
@@ -680,6 +701,7 @@ dotry:
 		if (u == 0) {
 			int now;
 			struct usb_device *dev = inurb->dev;
+
 			frame = usb_get_current_frame_number(dev);
 			do {
 				now = usb_get_current_frame_number(dev);
@@ -688,14 +710,16 @@ dotry:
 		}
 		err = usb_submit_urb(inurb, GFP_ATOMIC);
 		if (err < 0) {
-			snd_printk(KERN_ERR"usb_submit_urb(sk->inurb[%i])"
-				   " returned %i\n", u, err);
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR
+				   "usb_submit_urb(sk->inurb[%i]) returned %i\n",
+				   u, err);
 			return err;
 		}
 		err = usb_submit_urb(outurb, GFP_ATOMIC);
 		if (err < 0) {
-			snd_printk(KERN_ERR"usb_submit_urb(sk->outurb[%i])"
-				   " returned %i\n", u, err);
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR
+				   "usb_submit_urb(sk->outurb[%i]) returned %i\n",
+				   u, err);
 			return err;
 		}
 
@@ -716,8 +740,8 @@ check_retry:
 			snd_printd(KERN_DEBUG "goto dotry;\n");
 			goto dotry;
 		}
-		snd_printk(KERN_WARNING"couldn't start"
-			   " all urbs on the same start_frame.\n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_WARNING
+			   "couldn't start all urbs on the same start_frame.\n");
 		return -EFAULT;
 	}
 
@@ -729,6 +753,7 @@ check_retry:
 /* wait, check */
 	{
 		int wait_ms = 3000;
+
 		while (s->state != usb_stream_ready && wait_ms > 0) {
 			snd_printdd(KERN_DEBUG "%i\n", s->state);
 			msleep(200);
@@ -745,6 +770,7 @@ check_retry:
 void usb_stream_stop(struct usb_stream_kernel *sk)
 {
 	int u;
+
 	if (!sk->s)
 		return;
 	for (u = 0; u < USB_STREAM_NURBS; ++u) {
diff --git a/sound/usb/usx2y/usb_stream.h b/sound/usb/usx2y/usb_stream.h
index 851358a8d709..73e57b341adc 100644
--- a/sound/usb/usx2y/usb_stream.h
+++ b/sound/usb/usx2y/usb_stream.h
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ struct usb_stream_kernel {
 
 	void *write_page;
 
-	unsigned n_o_ps;
+	unsigned int n_o_ps;
 
 	struct urb *inurb[USB_STREAM_NURBS];
 	struct urb *idle_inurb;
@@ -26,18 +26,21 @@ struct usb_stream_kernel {
 
 	wait_queue_head_t sleep;
 
-	unsigned out_phase;
-	unsigned out_phase_peeked;
-	unsigned freqn;
+	unsigned int out_phase;
+	unsigned int out_phase_peeked;
+	unsigned int freqn;
 };
 
 struct usb_stream *usb_stream_new(struct usb_stream_kernel *sk,
 				  struct usb_device *dev,
-				  unsigned in_endpoint, unsigned out_endpoint,
-				  unsigned sample_rate, unsigned use_packsize,
-				  unsigned period_frames, unsigned frame_size);
-void usb_stream_free(struct usb_stream_kernel *);
-int usb_stream_start(struct usb_stream_kernel *);
-void usb_stream_stop(struct usb_stream_kernel *);
+				  unsigned int in_endpoint,
+				  unsigned int out_endpoint,
+				  unsigned int sample_rate,
+				  unsigned int use_packsize,
+				  unsigned int period_frames,
+				  unsigned int frame_size);
+void usb_stream_free(struct usb_stream_kernel *sk);
+int usb_stream_start(struct usb_stream_kernel *sk);
+void usb_stream_stop(struct usb_stream_kernel *sk);
 
 #endif /* __USB_STREAM_H */
diff --git a/sound/usb/usx2y/usbus428ctldefs.h b/sound/usb/usx2y/usbus428ctldefs.h
index 5a7518ea3aeb..9ba15d974e63 100644
--- a/sound/usb/usx2y/usbus428ctldefs.h
+++ b/sound/usb/usx2y/usbus428ctldefs.h
@@ -4,28 +4,28 @@
  * Copyright (c) 2003 by Karsten Wiese <annabellesgarden@yahoo.de>
  */
 
-enum E_In84{
-	eFader0 = 0,
-	eFader1,
-	eFader2,
-	eFader3,
-	eFader4,
-	eFader5,
-	eFader6,
-	eFader7,
-	eFaderM,
-	eTransport,
-	eModifier = 10,
-	eFilterSelect,
-	eSelect,
-	eMute,
+enum E_IN84 {
+	E_FADER_0 = 0,
+	E_FADER_1,
+	E_FADER_2,
+	E_FADER_3,
+	E_FADER_4,
+	E_FADER_5,
+	E_FADER_6,
+	E_FADER_7,
+	E_FADER_M,
+	E_TRANSPORT,
+	E_MODIFIER = 10,
+	E_FILTER_SELECT,
+	E_SELECT,
+	E_MUTE,
 
-	eSwitch   = 15,
-	eWheelGain,
-	eWheelFreq,
-	eWheelQ,
-	eWheelPan,
-	eWheel    = 20
+	E_SWITCH   = 15,
+	E_WHEEL_GAIN,
+	E_WHEEL_FREQ,
+	E_WHEEL_Q,
+	E_WHEEL_PAN,
+	E_WHEEL    = 20
 };
 
 #define T_RECORD   1
@@ -39,53 +39,55 @@ enum E_In84{
 
 
 struct us428_ctls {
-	unsigned char   Fader[9];
-	unsigned char 	Transport;
-	unsigned char 	Modifier;
-	unsigned char 	FilterSelect;
-	unsigned char 	Select;
-	unsigned char   Mute;
-	unsigned char   UNKNOWN;
-	unsigned char   Switch;	     
-	unsigned char   Wheel[5];
+	unsigned char	fader[9];
+	unsigned char	transport;
+	unsigned char	modifier;
+	unsigned char	filters_elect;
+	unsigned char	select;
+	unsigned char	mute;
+	unsigned char	unknown;
+	unsigned char	wswitch;
+	unsigned char	wheel[5];
 };
 
-struct us428_setByte {
-	unsigned char Offset,
-		Value;
+struct us428_set_byte {
+	unsigned char offset,
+		value;
 };
 
 enum {
-	eLT_Volume = 0,
-	eLT_Light
+	ELT_VOLUME = 0,
+	ELT_LIGHT
 };
 
-struct usX2Y_volume {
-	unsigned char Channel,
-		LH,
-		LL,
-		RH,
-		RL;
+struct usx2y_volume {
+	unsigned char channel,
+		lh,
+		ll,
+		rh,
+		rl;
 };
 
 struct us428_lights {
-	struct us428_setByte Light[7];
+	struct us428_set_byte light[7];
 };
 
 struct us428_p4out {
 	char type;
 	union {
-		struct usX2Y_volume vol;
+		struct usx2y_volume vol;
 		struct us428_lights lights;
 	} val;
 };
 
-#define N_us428_ctl_BUFS 16
-#define N_us428_p4out_BUFS 16
-struct us428ctls_sharedmem{
-	struct us428_ctls	CtlSnapShot[N_us428_ctl_BUFS];
-	int			CtlSnapShotDiffersAt[N_us428_ctl_BUFS];
-	int			CtlSnapShotLast, CtlSnapShotRed;
-	struct us428_p4out	p4out[N_us428_p4out_BUFS];
-	int			p4outLast, p4outSent;
+#define N_US428_CTL_BUFS 16
+#define N_US428_P4OUT_BUFS 16
+struct us428ctls_sharedmem {
+	struct us428_ctls	ctl_snapshot[N_US428_CTL_BUFS];
+	int			ctl_snapshot_differs_at[N_US428_CTL_BUFS];
+	int			ctl_snapshot_last, ctl_snapshot_red;
+	struct us428_p4out	p4out[N_US428_P4OUT_BUFS];
+	int			p4out_last, p4out_sent;
 };
+
+#define US428_SHAREDMEM_PAGES	PAGE_ALIGN(sizeof(struct us428ctls_sharedmem))
diff --git a/sound/usb/usx2y/usbusx2y.c b/sound/usb/usx2y/usbusx2y.c
index 3cd28d24f0a7..099bee662af6 100644
--- a/sound/usb/usx2y/usbusx2y.c
+++ b/sound/usb/usx2y/usbusx2y.c
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 
 2004-10-26 Karsten Wiese
 	Version 0.8.6:
-	wake_up() process waiting in usX2Y_urbs_start() on error.
+	wake_up() process waiting in usx2y_urbs_start() on error.
 
 2004-10-21 Karsten Wiese
 	Version 0.8.5:
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@
 2004-06-12 Karsten Wiese
 	Version 0.6.3:
 	Made it thus the following rule is enforced:
-	"All pcm substreams of one usX2Y have to operate at the same rate & format."
+	"All pcm substreams of one usx2y have to operate at the same rate & format."
 
 2004-04-06 Karsten Wiese
 	Version 0.6.0:
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@
 
 2003-11-03 Karsten Wiese
 	Version 0.3:
-	24Bit support. 
+	24Bit support.
 	"arecord -D hw:1 -c 2 -r 48000 -M -f S24_3LE|aplay -D hw:1 -c 2 -r 48000 -M -f S24_3LE" works.
 
 2003-08-22 Karsten Wiese
@@ -94,16 +94,15 @@
 	This helped me much on my slowish PII 400 & PIII 500.
 	ACPI yet untested but might cause the same bad behaviour.
 	Use a kernel with lowlatency and preemptiv patches applied.
-	To autoload snd-usb-midi append a line 
+	To autoload snd-usb-midi append a line
 		post-install snd-usb-us428 modprobe snd-usb-midi
 	to /etc/modules.conf.
 
 	known problems:
 	sliders, knobs, lights not yet handled except MASTER Volume slider.
-       	"pcm -c 2" doesn't work. "pcm -c 2 -m direct_interleaved" does.
+	"pcm -c 2" doesn't work. "pcm -c 2 -m direct_interleaved" does.
 	KDE3: "Enable full duplex operation" deadlocks.
 
-	
 2002-08-31 Karsten Wiese
 	Version 0.0.3: audio also simplex;
 	simplifying: iso urbs only 1 packet, melted structs.
@@ -115,7 +114,7 @@
 	The firmware has been sniffed from win2k us-428 driver 3.09.
 
  *   Copyright (c) 2002 - 2004 Karsten Wiese
-*/
+ */
 
 #include <linux/init.h>
 #include <linux/module.h>
@@ -132,14 +131,12 @@
 #include "usbusx2y.h"
 #include "usX2Yhwdep.h"
 
-
-
 MODULE_AUTHOR("Karsten Wiese <annabellesgarden@yahoo.de>");
 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("TASCAM "NAME_ALLCAPS" Version 0.8.7.2");
 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
 
 static int index[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IDX; /* Index 0-max */
-static char* id[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_STR; /* Id for this card */
+static char *id[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_STR; /* Id for this card */
 static bool enable[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_ENABLE_PNP; /* Enable this card */
 
 module_param_array(index, int, NULL, 0444);
@@ -149,305 +146,321 @@ MODULE_PARM_DESC(id, "ID string for "NAME_ALLCAPS".");
 module_param_array(enable, bool, NULL, 0444);
 MODULE_PARM_DESC(enable, "Enable "NAME_ALLCAPS".");
 
+static int snd_usx2y_card_used[SNDRV_CARDS];
 
-static int snd_usX2Y_card_used[SNDRV_CARDS];
+static void snd_usx2y_card_private_free(struct snd_card *card);
+static void usx2y_unlinkseq(struct snd_usx2y_async_seq *s);
 
-static void usX2Y_usb_disconnect(struct usb_device* usb_device, void* ptr);
-static void snd_usX2Y_card_private_free(struct snd_card *card);
-
-/* 
- * pipe 4 is used for switching the lamps, setting samplerate, volumes ....   
+/*
+ * pipe 4 is used for switching the lamps, setting samplerate, volumes ....
  */
-static void i_usX2Y_Out04Int(struct urb *urb)
+static void i_usx2y_out04_int(struct urb *urb)
 {
 #ifdef CONFIG_SND_DEBUG
 	if (urb->status) {
-		int 		i;
-		struct usX2Ydev *usX2Y = urb->context;
-		for (i = 0; i < 10 && usX2Y->AS04.urb[i] != urb; i++);
-		snd_printdd("i_usX2Y_Out04Int() urb %i status=%i\n", i, urb->status);
+		int i;
+		struct usx2ydev *usx2y = urb->context;
+
+		for (i = 0; i < 10 && usx2y->as04.urb[i] != urb; i++)
+			;
+		snd_printdd("%s urb %i status=%i\n", __func__, i, urb->status);
 	}
 #endif
 }
 
-static void i_usX2Y_In04Int(struct urb *urb)
+static void i_usx2y_in04_int(struct urb *urb)
 {
 	int			err = 0;
-	struct usX2Ydev		*usX2Y = urb->context;
-	struct us428ctls_sharedmem	*us428ctls = usX2Y->us428ctls_sharedmem;
+	struct usx2ydev		*usx2y = urb->context;
+	struct us428ctls_sharedmem	*us428ctls = usx2y->us428ctls_sharedmem;
+	struct us428_p4out *p4out;
+	int i, j, n, diff, send;
 
-	usX2Y->In04IntCalls++;
+	usx2y->in04_int_calls++;
 
 	if (urb->status) {
 		snd_printdd("Interrupt Pipe 4 came back with status=%i\n", urb->status);
 		return;
 	}
 
-	//	printk("%i:0x%02X ", 8, (int)((unsigned char*)usX2Y->In04Buf)[8]); Master volume shows 0 here if fader is at max during boot ?!?
+	//	printk("%i:0x%02X ", 8, (int)((unsigned char*)usx2y->in04_buf)[8]); Master volume shows 0 here if fader is at max during boot ?!?
 	if (us428ctls) {
-		int diff = -1;
-		if (-2 == us428ctls->CtlSnapShotLast) {
+		diff = -1;
+		if (us428ctls->ctl_snapshot_last == -2) {
 			diff = 0;
-			memcpy(usX2Y->In04Last, usX2Y->In04Buf, sizeof(usX2Y->In04Last));
-			us428ctls->CtlSnapShotLast = -1;
+			memcpy(usx2y->in04_last, usx2y->in04_buf, sizeof(usx2y->in04_last));
+			us428ctls->ctl_snapshot_last = -1;
 		} else {
-			int i;
 			for (i = 0; i < 21; i++) {
-				if (usX2Y->In04Last[i] != ((char*)usX2Y->In04Buf)[i]) {
+				if (usx2y->in04_last[i] != ((char *)usx2y->in04_buf)[i]) {
 					if (diff < 0)
 						diff = i;
-					usX2Y->In04Last[i] = ((char*)usX2Y->In04Buf)[i];
+					usx2y->in04_last[i] = ((char *)usx2y->in04_buf)[i];
 				}
 			}
 		}
-		if (0 <= diff) {
-			int n = us428ctls->CtlSnapShotLast + 1;
-			if (n >= N_us428_ctl_BUFS  ||  n < 0)
+		if (diff >= 0) {
+			n = us428ctls->ctl_snapshot_last + 1;
+			if (n >= N_US428_CTL_BUFS || n < 0)
 				n = 0;
-			memcpy(us428ctls->CtlSnapShot + n, usX2Y->In04Buf, sizeof(us428ctls->CtlSnapShot[0]));
-			us428ctls->CtlSnapShotDiffersAt[n] = diff;
-			us428ctls->CtlSnapShotLast = n;
-			wake_up(&usX2Y->us428ctls_wait_queue_head);
+			memcpy(us428ctls->ctl_snapshot + n, usx2y->in04_buf, sizeof(us428ctls->ctl_snapshot[0]));
+			us428ctls->ctl_snapshot_differs_at[n] = diff;
+			us428ctls->ctl_snapshot_last = n;
+			wake_up(&usx2y->us428ctls_wait_queue_head);
 		}
 	}
-	
-	
-	if (usX2Y->US04) {
-		if (0 == usX2Y->US04->submitted)
+
+	if (usx2y->us04) {
+		if (!usx2y->us04->submitted) {
 			do {
-				err = usb_submit_urb(usX2Y->US04->urb[usX2Y->US04->submitted++], GFP_ATOMIC);
-			} while (!err && usX2Y->US04->submitted < usX2Y->US04->len);
-	} else
-		if (us428ctls && us428ctls->p4outLast >= 0 && us428ctls->p4outLast < N_us428_p4out_BUFS) {
-			if (us428ctls->p4outLast != us428ctls->p4outSent) {
-				int j, send = us428ctls->p4outSent + 1;
-				if (send >= N_us428_p4out_BUFS)
+				err = usb_submit_urb(usx2y->us04->urb[usx2y->us04->submitted++], GFP_ATOMIC);
+			} while (!err && usx2y->us04->submitted < usx2y->us04->len);
+		}
+	} else {
+		if (us428ctls && us428ctls->p4out_last >= 0 && us428ctls->p4out_last < N_US428_P4OUT_BUFS) {
+			if (us428ctls->p4out_last != us428ctls->p4out_sent) {
+				send = us428ctls->p4out_sent + 1;
+				if (send >= N_US428_P4OUT_BUFS)
 					send = 0;
-				for (j = 0; j < URBS_AsyncSeq  &&  !err; ++j)
-					if (0 == usX2Y->AS04.urb[j]->status) {
-						struct us428_p4out *p4out = us428ctls->p4out + send;	// FIXME if more than 1 p4out is new, 1 gets lost.
-						usb_fill_bulk_urb(usX2Y->AS04.urb[j], usX2Y->dev,
-								  usb_sndbulkpipe(usX2Y->dev, 0x04), &p4out->val.vol,
-								  p4out->type == eLT_Light ? sizeof(struct us428_lights) : 5,
-								  i_usX2Y_Out04Int, usX2Y);
-						err = usb_submit_urb(usX2Y->AS04.urb[j], GFP_ATOMIC);
-						us428ctls->p4outSent = send;
+				for (j = 0; j < URBS_ASYNC_SEQ && !err; ++j) {
+					if (!usx2y->as04.urb[j]->status) {
+						p4out = us428ctls->p4out + send;	// FIXME if more than 1 p4out is new, 1 gets lost.
+						usb_fill_bulk_urb(usx2y->as04.urb[j], usx2y->dev,
+								  usb_sndbulkpipe(usx2y->dev, 0x04), &p4out->val.vol,
+								  p4out->type == ELT_LIGHT ? sizeof(struct us428_lights) : 5,
+								  i_usx2y_out04_int, usx2y);
+						err = usb_submit_urb(usx2y->as04.urb[j], GFP_ATOMIC);
+						us428ctls->p4out_sent = send;
 						break;
 					}
+				}
 			}
 		}
+	}
 
 	if (err)
-		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "In04Int() usb_submit_urb err=%i\n", err);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "in04_int() usb_submit_urb err=%i\n", err);
 
-	urb->dev = usX2Y->dev;
+	urb->dev = usx2y->dev;
 	usb_submit_urb(urb, GFP_ATOMIC);
 }
 
 /*
  * Prepare some urbs
  */
-int usX2Y_AsyncSeq04_init(struct usX2Ydev *usX2Y)
+int usx2y_async_seq04_init(struct usx2ydev *usx2y)
 {
-	int	err = 0,
-		i;
+	int	err = 0, i;
+
+	if (WARN_ON(usx2y->as04.buffer))
+		return -EBUSY;
 
-	usX2Y->AS04.buffer = kmalloc_array(URBS_AsyncSeq,
-					   URB_DataLen_AsyncSeq, GFP_KERNEL);
-	if (NULL == usX2Y->AS04.buffer) {
+	usx2y->as04.buffer = kmalloc_array(URBS_ASYNC_SEQ,
+					   URB_DATA_LEN_ASYNC_SEQ, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!usx2y->as04.buffer) {
 		err = -ENOMEM;
-	} else
-		for (i = 0; i < URBS_AsyncSeq; ++i) {
-			if (NULL == (usX2Y->AS04.urb[i] = usb_alloc_urb(0, GFP_KERNEL))) {
+	} else {
+		for (i = 0; i < URBS_ASYNC_SEQ; ++i) {
+			usx2y->as04.urb[i] = usb_alloc_urb(0, GFP_KERNEL);
+			if (!usx2y->as04.urb[i]) {
 				err = -ENOMEM;
 				break;
 			}
-			usb_fill_bulk_urb(	usX2Y->AS04.urb[i], usX2Y->dev,
-						usb_sndbulkpipe(usX2Y->dev, 0x04),
-						usX2Y->AS04.buffer + URB_DataLen_AsyncSeq*i, 0,
-						i_usX2Y_Out04Int, usX2Y
-				);
-			err = usb_urb_ep_type_check(usX2Y->AS04.urb[i]);
+			usb_fill_bulk_urb(usx2y->as04.urb[i], usx2y->dev,
+					  usb_sndbulkpipe(usx2y->dev, 0x04),
+					  usx2y->as04.buffer + URB_DATA_LEN_ASYNC_SEQ * i, 0,
+					  i_usx2y_out04_int, usx2y);
+			err = usb_urb_ep_type_check(usx2y->as04.urb[i]);
 			if (err < 0)
 				break;
 		}
+	}
+	if (err)
+		usx2y_unlinkseq(&usx2y->as04);
 	return err;
 }
 
-int usX2Y_In04_init(struct usX2Ydev *usX2Y)
+int usx2y_in04_init(struct usx2ydev *usx2y)
 {
-	if (! (usX2Y->In04urb = usb_alloc_urb(0, GFP_KERNEL)))
-		return -ENOMEM;
-
-	if (! (usX2Y->In04Buf = kmalloc(21, GFP_KERNEL)))
-		return -ENOMEM;
-	 
-	init_waitqueue_head(&usX2Y->In04WaitQueue);
-	usb_fill_int_urb(usX2Y->In04urb, usX2Y->dev, usb_rcvintpipe(usX2Y->dev, 0x4),
-			 usX2Y->In04Buf, 21,
-			 i_usX2Y_In04Int, usX2Y,
+	int err;
+
+	if (WARN_ON(usx2y->in04_urb))
+		return -EBUSY;
+
+	usx2y->in04_urb = usb_alloc_urb(0, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!usx2y->in04_urb) {
+		err = -ENOMEM;
+		goto error;
+	}
+
+	usx2y->in04_buf = kmalloc(21, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!usx2y->in04_buf) {
+		err = -ENOMEM;
+		goto error;
+	}
+
+	init_waitqueue_head(&usx2y->in04_wait_queue);
+	usb_fill_int_urb(usx2y->in04_urb, usx2y->dev, usb_rcvintpipe(usx2y->dev, 0x4),
+			 usx2y->in04_buf, 21,
+			 i_usx2y_in04_int, usx2y,
 			 10);
-	if (usb_urb_ep_type_check(usX2Y->In04urb))
-		return -EINVAL;
-	return usb_submit_urb(usX2Y->In04urb, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (usb_urb_ep_type_check(usx2y->in04_urb)) {
+		err = -EINVAL;
+		goto error;
+	}
+	return usb_submit_urb(usx2y->in04_urb, GFP_KERNEL);
+
+ error:
+	kfree(usx2y->in04_buf);
+	usb_free_urb(usx2y->in04_urb);
+	usx2y->in04_buf = NULL;
+	usx2y->in04_urb = NULL;
+	return err;
 }
 
-static void usX2Y_unlinkSeq(struct snd_usX2Y_AsyncSeq *S)
+static void usx2y_unlinkseq(struct snd_usx2y_async_seq *s)
 {
 	int	i;
-	for (i = 0; i < URBS_AsyncSeq; ++i) {
-		usb_kill_urb(S->urb[i]);
-		usb_free_urb(S->urb[i]);
-		S->urb[i] = NULL;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < URBS_ASYNC_SEQ; ++i) {
+		if (!s->urb[i])
+			continue;
+		usb_kill_urb(s->urb[i]);
+		usb_free_urb(s->urb[i]);
+		s->urb[i] = NULL;
 	}
-	kfree(S->buffer);
+	kfree(s->buffer);
+	s->buffer = NULL;
 }
 
-
-static const struct usb_device_id snd_usX2Y_usb_id_table[] = {
+static const struct usb_device_id snd_usx2y_usb_id_table[] = {
 	{
 		.match_flags =	USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_DEVICE,
 		.idVendor =	0x1604,
-		.idProduct =	USB_ID_US428 
+		.idProduct =	USB_ID_US428
 	},
 	{
 		.match_flags =	USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_DEVICE,
 		.idVendor =	0x1604,
-		.idProduct =	USB_ID_US122 
+		.idProduct =	USB_ID_US122
 	},
- 	{
+	{
 		.match_flags =	USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_DEVICE,
 		.idVendor =	0x1604,
 		.idProduct =	USB_ID_US224
 	},
 	{ /* terminator */ }
 };
+MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(usb, snd_usx2y_usb_id_table);
 
-static int usX2Y_create_card(struct usb_device *device,
+static int usx2y_create_card(struct usb_device *device,
 			     struct usb_interface *intf,
 			     struct snd_card **cardp)
 {
 	int		dev;
-	struct snd_card *	card;
+	struct snd_card *card;
 	int err;
 
 	for (dev = 0; dev < SNDRV_CARDS; ++dev)
-		if (enable[dev] && !snd_usX2Y_card_used[dev])
+		if (enable[dev] && !snd_usx2y_card_used[dev])
 			break;
 	if (dev >= SNDRV_CARDS)
 		return -ENODEV;
 	err = snd_card_new(&intf->dev, index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
-			   sizeof(struct usX2Ydev), &card);
+			   sizeof(struct usx2ydev), &card);
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
-	snd_usX2Y_card_used[usX2Y(card)->card_index = dev] = 1;
-	card->private_free = snd_usX2Y_card_private_free;
-	usX2Y(card)->dev = device;
-	init_waitqueue_head(&usX2Y(card)->prepare_wait_queue);
-	mutex_init(&usX2Y(card)->pcm_mutex);
-	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&usX2Y(card)->midi_list);
+	snd_usx2y_card_used[usx2y(card)->card_index = dev] = 1;
+	card->private_free = snd_usx2y_card_private_free;
+	usx2y(card)->dev = device;
+	init_waitqueue_head(&usx2y(card)->prepare_wait_queue);
+	init_waitqueue_head(&usx2y(card)->us428ctls_wait_queue_head);
+	mutex_init(&usx2y(card)->pcm_mutex);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&usx2y(card)->midi_list);
 	strcpy(card->driver, "USB "NAME_ALLCAPS"");
 	sprintf(card->shortname, "TASCAM "NAME_ALLCAPS"");
 	sprintf(card->longname, "%s (%x:%x if %d at %03d/%03d)",
-		card->shortname, 
+		card->shortname,
 		le16_to_cpu(device->descriptor.idVendor),
 		le16_to_cpu(device->descriptor.idProduct),
 		0,//us428(card)->usbmidi.ifnum,
-		usX2Y(card)->dev->bus->busnum, usX2Y(card)->dev->devnum
-		);
+		usx2y(card)->dev->bus->busnum, usx2y(card)->dev->devnum);
 	*cardp = card;
 	return 0;
 }
 
-
-static int usX2Y_usb_probe(struct usb_device *device,
-			   struct usb_interface *intf,
-			   const struct usb_device_id *device_id,
-			   struct snd_card **cardp)
+static void snd_usx2y_card_private_free(struct snd_card *card)
 {
-	int		err;
-	struct snd_card *	card;
+	struct usx2ydev *usx2y = usx2y(card);
+
+	kfree(usx2y->in04_buf);
+	usb_free_urb(usx2y->in04_urb);
+	if (usx2y->us428ctls_sharedmem)
+		free_pages_exact(usx2y->us428ctls_sharedmem,
+				 US428_SHAREDMEM_PAGES);
+	if (usx2y->card_index >= 0 && usx2y->card_index < SNDRV_CARDS)
+		snd_usx2y_card_used[usx2y->card_index] = 0;
+}
 
-	*cardp = NULL;
-	if (le16_to_cpu(device->descriptor.idVendor) != 0x1604 ||
-	    (le16_to_cpu(device->descriptor.idProduct) != USB_ID_US122 &&
-	     le16_to_cpu(device->descriptor.idProduct) != USB_ID_US224 &&
-	     le16_to_cpu(device->descriptor.idProduct) != USB_ID_US428))
-		return -EINVAL;
+static void snd_usx2y_disconnect(struct usb_interface *intf)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct usx2ydev *usx2y;
+	struct list_head *p;
 
-	err = usX2Y_create_card(device, intf, &card);
-	if (err < 0)
-		return err;
-	if ((err = usX2Y_hwdep_new(card, device)) < 0  ||
-	    (err = snd_card_register(card)) < 0) {
-		snd_card_free(card);
-		return err;
+	card = usb_get_intfdata(intf);
+	if (!card)
+		return;
+	usx2y = usx2y(card);
+	usx2y->chip_status = USX2Y_STAT_CHIP_HUP;
+	usx2y_unlinkseq(&usx2y->as04);
+	usb_kill_urb(usx2y->in04_urb);
+	snd_card_disconnect(card);
+
+	/* release the midi resources */
+	list_for_each(p, &usx2y->midi_list) {
+		snd_usbmidi_disconnect(p);
 	}
-	*cardp = card;
-	return 0;
+	if (usx2y->us428ctls_sharedmem)
+		wake_up(&usx2y->us428ctls_wait_queue_head);
+	snd_card_free(card);
 }
 
-/*
- * new 2.5 USB kernel API
- */
-static int snd_usX2Y_probe(struct usb_interface *intf, const struct usb_device_id *id)
+static int snd_usx2y_probe(struct usb_interface *intf,
+			   const struct usb_device_id *id)
 {
+	struct usb_device *device = interface_to_usbdev(intf);
 	struct snd_card *card;
 	int err;
 
-	err = usX2Y_usb_probe(interface_to_usbdev(intf), intf, id, &card);
+	if (le16_to_cpu(device->descriptor.idVendor) != 0x1604 ||
+	    (le16_to_cpu(device->descriptor.idProduct) != USB_ID_US122 &&
+	     le16_to_cpu(device->descriptor.idProduct) != USB_ID_US224 &&
+	     le16_to_cpu(device->descriptor.idProduct) != USB_ID_US428))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	err = usx2y_create_card(device, intf, &card);
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
+	err = usx2y_hwdep_new(card, device);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto error;
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto error;
+
 	dev_set_drvdata(&intf->dev, card);
 	return 0;
-}
 
-static void snd_usX2Y_disconnect(struct usb_interface *intf)
-{
-	usX2Y_usb_disconnect(interface_to_usbdev(intf),
-				 usb_get_intfdata(intf));
+ error:
+	snd_card_free(card);
+	return err;
 }
 
-MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(usb, snd_usX2Y_usb_id_table);
-static struct usb_driver snd_usX2Y_usb_driver = {
+static struct usb_driver snd_usx2y_usb_driver = {
 	.name =		"snd-usb-usx2y",
-	.probe =	snd_usX2Y_probe,
-	.disconnect =	snd_usX2Y_disconnect,
-	.id_table =	snd_usX2Y_usb_id_table,
+	.probe =	snd_usx2y_probe,
+	.disconnect =	snd_usx2y_disconnect,
+	.id_table =	snd_usx2y_usb_id_table,
 };
-
-static void snd_usX2Y_card_private_free(struct snd_card *card)
-{
-	kfree(usX2Y(card)->In04Buf);
-	usb_free_urb(usX2Y(card)->In04urb);
-	if (usX2Y(card)->us428ctls_sharedmem)
-		free_pages_exact(usX2Y(card)->us428ctls_sharedmem,
-				 sizeof(*usX2Y(card)->us428ctls_sharedmem));
-	if (usX2Y(card)->card_index >= 0  &&  usX2Y(card)->card_index < SNDRV_CARDS)
-		snd_usX2Y_card_used[usX2Y(card)->card_index] = 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * Frees the device.
- */
-static void usX2Y_usb_disconnect(struct usb_device *device, void* ptr)
-{
-	if (ptr) {
-		struct snd_card *card = ptr;
-		struct usX2Ydev *usX2Y = usX2Y(card);
-		struct list_head *p;
-		usX2Y->chip_status = USX2Y_STAT_CHIP_HUP;
-		usX2Y_unlinkSeq(&usX2Y->AS04);
-		usb_kill_urb(usX2Y->In04urb);
-		snd_card_disconnect(card);
-		/* release the midi resources */
-		list_for_each(p, &usX2Y->midi_list) {
-			snd_usbmidi_disconnect(p);
-		}
-		if (usX2Y->us428ctls_sharedmem) 
-			wake_up(&usX2Y->us428ctls_wait_queue_head);
-		snd_card_free(card);
-	}
-}
-
-module_usb_driver(snd_usX2Y_usb_driver);
+module_usb_driver(snd_usx2y_usb_driver);
diff --git a/sound/usb/usx2y/usbusx2y.h b/sound/usb/usx2y/usbusx2y.h
index 144b85f57bd2..8d82f5cc2fe1 100644
--- a/sound/usb/usx2y/usbusx2y.h
+++ b/sound/usb/usx2y/usbusx2y.h
@@ -3,19 +3,19 @@
 #define USBUSX2Y_H
 #include "../usbaudio.h"
 #include "../midi.h"
-#include "usbus428ctldefs.h" 
+#include "usbus428ctldefs.h"
 
-#define NRURBS	        2	
+#define NRURBS	        2
 
 
-#define URBS_AsyncSeq 10
-#define URB_DataLen_AsyncSeq 32
-struct snd_usX2Y_AsyncSeq {
-	struct urb	*urb[URBS_AsyncSeq];
+#define URBS_ASYNC_SEQ 10
+#define URB_DATA_LEN_ASYNC_SEQ 32
+struct snd_usx2y_async_seq {
+	struct urb	*urb[URBS_ASYNC_SEQ];
 	char		*buffer;
 };
 
-struct snd_usX2Y_urbSeq {
+struct snd_usx2y_urb_seq {
 	int	submitted;
 	int	len;
 	struct urb	*urb[];
@@ -23,17 +23,17 @@ struct snd_usX2Y_urbSeq {
 
 #include "usx2yhwdeppcm.h"
 
-struct usX2Ydev {
+struct usx2ydev {
 	struct usb_device	*dev;
 	int			card_index;
 	int			stride;
-	struct urb		*In04urb;
-	void			*In04Buf;
-	char			In04Last[24];
-	unsigned		In04IntCalls;
-	struct snd_usX2Y_urbSeq	*US04;
-	wait_queue_head_t	In04WaitQueue;
-	struct snd_usX2Y_AsyncSeq	AS04;
+	struct urb		*in04_urb;
+	void			*in04_buf;
+	char			in04_last[24];
+	unsigned int		in04_int_calls;
+	struct snd_usx2y_urb_seq	*us04;
+	wait_queue_head_t	in04_wait_queue;
+	struct snd_usx2y_async_seq	as04;
 	unsigned int		rate,
 				format;
 	int			chip_status;
@@ -41,31 +41,30 @@ struct usX2Ydev {
 	struct us428ctls_sharedmem	*us428ctls_sharedmem;
 	int			wait_iso_frame;
 	wait_queue_head_t	us428ctls_wait_queue_head;
-	struct snd_usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_shm	*hwdep_pcm_shm;
-	struct snd_usX2Y_substream	*subs[4];
-	struct snd_usX2Y_substream	* volatile  prepare_subs;
+	struct snd_usx2y_hwdep_pcm_shm	*hwdep_pcm_shm;
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream	*subs[4];
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream	* volatile  prepare_subs;
 	wait_queue_head_t	prepare_wait_queue;
 	struct list_head	midi_list;
-	struct list_head	pcm_list;
 	int			pcm_devs;
 };
 
 
-struct snd_usX2Y_substream {
-	struct usX2Ydev	*usX2Y;
+struct snd_usx2y_substream {
+	struct usx2ydev	*usx2y;
 	struct snd_pcm_substream *pcm_substream;
 
-	int			endpoint;		
+	int			endpoint;
 	unsigned int		maxpacksize;		/* max packet size in bytes */
 
 	atomic_t		state;
-#define state_STOPPED	0
-#define state_STARTING1 1
-#define state_STARTING2 2
-#define state_STARTING3 3
-#define state_PREPARED	4
-#define state_PRERUNNING  6
-#define state_RUNNING	8
+#define STATE_STOPPED	0
+#define STATE_STARTING1 1
+#define STATE_STARTING2 2
+#define STATE_STARTING3 3
+#define STATE_PREPARED	4
+#define STATE_PRERUNNING  6
+#define STATE_RUNNING	8
 
 	int			hwptr;			/* free frame position in the buffer (only for playback) */
 	int			hwptr_done;		/* processed frame position in the buffer */
@@ -77,12 +76,12 @@ struct snd_usX2Y_substream {
 };
 
 
-#define usX2Y(c) ((struct usX2Ydev *)(c)->private_data)
+#define usx2y(c) ((struct usx2ydev *)(c)->private_data)
 
-int usX2Y_audio_create(struct snd_card *card);
+int usx2y_audio_create(struct snd_card *card);
 
-int usX2Y_AsyncSeq04_init(struct usX2Ydev *usX2Y);
-int usX2Y_In04_init(struct usX2Ydev *usX2Y);
+int usx2y_async_seq04_init(struct usx2ydev *usx2y);
+int usx2y_in04_init(struct usx2ydev *usx2y);
 
 #define NAME_ALLCAPS "US-X2Y"
 
diff --git a/sound/usb/usx2y/usbusx2yaudio.c b/sound/usb/usx2y/usbusx2yaudio.c
index ecaf41265dcd..6154662d3097 100644
--- a/sound/usb/usx2y/usbusx2yaudio.c
+++ b/sound/usb/usx2y/usbusx2yaudio.c
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
  *
  *   Copyright (c) 2002 by Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
  *
- *   Many codes borrowed from audio.c by 
+ *   Many codes borrowed from audio.c by
  *	    Alan Cox (alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk)
  *	    Thomas Sailer (sailer@ife.ee.ethz.ch)
  */
@@ -28,66 +28,69 @@
 #include "usx2y.h"
 #include "usbusx2y.h"
 
-#define USX2Y_NRPACKS 4			/* Default value used for nr of packs per urb.
-					  1 to 4 have been tested ok on uhci.
-					  To use 3 on ohci, you'd need a patch:
-					  look for "0000425-linux-2.6.9-rc4-mm1_ohci-hcd.patch.gz" on
-					  "https://bugtrack.alsa-project.org/alsa-bug/bug_view_page.php?bug_id=0000425"
-					  .
-					  1, 2 and 4 work out of the box on ohci, if I recall correctly.
-					  Bigger is safer operation,
-					  smaller gives lower latencies.
-					*/
-#define USX2Y_NRPACKS_VARIABLE y	/* If your system works ok with this module's parameter
-					   nrpacks set to 1, you might as well comment 
-					   this #define out, and thereby produce smaller, faster code.
-					   You'd also set USX2Y_NRPACKS to 1 then.
-					*/
+/* Default value used for nr of packs per urb.
+ * 1 to 4 have been tested ok on uhci.
+ * To use 3 on ohci, you'd need a patch:
+ * look for "0000425-linux-2.6.9-rc4-mm1_ohci-hcd.patch.gz" on
+ * "https://bugtrack.alsa-project.org/alsa-bug/bug_view_page.php?bug_id=0000425"
+ *
+ * 1, 2 and 4 work out of the box on ohci, if I recall correctly.
+ * Bigger is safer operation, smaller gives lower latencies.
+ */
+#define USX2Y_NRPACKS 4
+
+/* If your system works ok with this module's parameter
+ * nrpacks set to 1, you might as well comment
+ * this define out, and thereby produce smaller, faster code.
+ * You'd also set USX2Y_NRPACKS to 1 then.
+ */
+#define USX2Y_NRPACKS_VARIABLE 1
 
 #ifdef USX2Y_NRPACKS_VARIABLE
- static int nrpacks = USX2Y_NRPACKS; /* number of packets per urb */
- #define  nr_of_packs() nrpacks
- module_param(nrpacks, int, 0444);
- MODULE_PARM_DESC(nrpacks, "Number of packets per URB.");
+static int nrpacks = USX2Y_NRPACKS; /* number of packets per urb */
+#define  nr_of_packs() nrpacks
+module_param(nrpacks, int, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(nrpacks, "Number of packets per URB.");
 #else
- #define nr_of_packs() USX2Y_NRPACKS
+#define nr_of_packs() USX2Y_NRPACKS
 #endif
 
-
-static int usX2Y_urb_capt_retire(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs)
+static int usx2y_urb_capt_retire(struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs)
 {
 	struct urb	*urb = subs->completed_urb;
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = subs->pcm_substream->runtime;
 	unsigned char	*cp;
-	int 		i, len, lens = 0, hwptr_done = subs->hwptr_done;
-	struct usX2Ydev	*usX2Y = subs->usX2Y;
+	int		i, len, lens = 0, hwptr_done = subs->hwptr_done;
+	int		cnt, blen;
+	struct usx2ydev	*usx2y = subs->usx2y;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < nr_of_packs(); i++) {
-		cp = (unsigned char*)urb->transfer_buffer + urb->iso_frame_desc[i].offset;
+		cp = (unsigned char *)urb->transfer_buffer + urb->iso_frame_desc[i].offset;
 		if (urb->iso_frame_desc[i].status) { /* active? hmm, skip this */
-			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "active frame status %i. "
-				   "Most probably some hardware problem.\n",
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR
+				   "active frame status %i. Most probably some hardware problem.\n",
 				   urb->iso_frame_desc[i].status);
 			return urb->iso_frame_desc[i].status;
 		}
-		len = urb->iso_frame_desc[i].actual_length / usX2Y->stride;
-		if (! len) {
+		len = urb->iso_frame_desc[i].actual_length / usx2y->stride;
+		if (!len) {
 			snd_printd("0 == len ERROR!\n");
 			continue;
 		}
 
 		/* copy a data chunk */
 		if ((hwptr_done + len) > runtime->buffer_size) {
-			int cnt = runtime->buffer_size - hwptr_done;
-			int blen = cnt * usX2Y->stride;
-			memcpy(runtime->dma_area + hwptr_done * usX2Y->stride, cp, blen);
-			memcpy(runtime->dma_area, cp + blen, len * usX2Y->stride - blen);
+			cnt = runtime->buffer_size - hwptr_done;
+			blen = cnt * usx2y->stride;
+			memcpy(runtime->dma_area + hwptr_done * usx2y->stride, cp, blen);
+			memcpy(runtime->dma_area, cp + blen, len * usx2y->stride - blen);
 		} else {
-			memcpy(runtime->dma_area + hwptr_done * usX2Y->stride, cp,
-			       len * usX2Y->stride);
+			memcpy(runtime->dma_area + hwptr_done * usx2y->stride, cp,
+			       len * usx2y->stride);
 		}
 		lens += len;
-		if ((hwptr_done += len) >= runtime->buffer_size)
+		hwptr_done += len;
+		if (hwptr_done >= runtime->buffer_size)
 			hwptr_done -= runtime->buffer_size;
 	}
 
@@ -100,6 +103,7 @@ static int usX2Y_urb_capt_retire(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs)
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
+
 /*
  * prepare urb for playback data pipe
  *
@@ -110,18 +114,18 @@ static int usX2Y_urb_capt_retire(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs)
  * it directly from the buffer.  thus the data is once copied to
  * a temporary buffer and urb points to that.
  */
-static int usX2Y_urb_play_prepare(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs,
+static int usx2y_urb_play_prepare(struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs,
 				  struct urb *cap_urb,
 				  struct urb *urb)
 {
-	int count, counts, pack;
-	struct usX2Ydev *usX2Y = subs->usX2Y;
+	struct usx2ydev *usx2y = subs->usx2y;
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = subs->pcm_substream->runtime;
+	int count, counts, pack, len;
 
 	count = 0;
 	for (pack = 0; pack <  nr_of_packs(); pack++) {
 		/* calculate the size of a packet */
-		counts = cap_urb->iso_frame_desc[pack].actual_length / usX2Y->stride;
+		counts = cap_urb->iso_frame_desc[pack].actual_length / usx2y->stride;
 		count += counts;
 		if (counts < 43 || counts > 50) {
 			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "should not be here with counts=%i\n", counts);
@@ -134,29 +138,30 @@ static int usX2Y_urb_play_prepare(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs,
 			0;
 		urb->iso_frame_desc[pack].length = cap_urb->iso_frame_desc[pack].actual_length;
 	}
-	if (atomic_read(&subs->state) >= state_PRERUNNING)
+	if (atomic_read(&subs->state) >= STATE_PRERUNNING) {
 		if (subs->hwptr + count > runtime->buffer_size) {
 			/* err, the transferred area goes over buffer boundary.
 			 * copy the data to the temp buffer.
 			 */
-			int len;
 			len = runtime->buffer_size - subs->hwptr;
 			urb->transfer_buffer = subs->tmpbuf;
 			memcpy(subs->tmpbuf, runtime->dma_area +
-			       subs->hwptr * usX2Y->stride, len * usX2Y->stride);
-			memcpy(subs->tmpbuf + len * usX2Y->stride,
-			       runtime->dma_area, (count - len) * usX2Y->stride);
+			       subs->hwptr * usx2y->stride, len * usx2y->stride);
+			memcpy(subs->tmpbuf + len * usx2y->stride,
+			       runtime->dma_area, (count - len) * usx2y->stride);
 			subs->hwptr += count;
 			subs->hwptr -= runtime->buffer_size;
 		} else {
 			/* set the buffer pointer */
-			urb->transfer_buffer = runtime->dma_area + subs->hwptr * usX2Y->stride;
-			if ((subs->hwptr += count) >= runtime->buffer_size)
+			urb->transfer_buffer = runtime->dma_area + subs->hwptr * usx2y->stride;
+			subs->hwptr += count;
+			if (subs->hwptr >= runtime->buffer_size)
 				subs->hwptr -= runtime->buffer_size;
 		}
-	else
+	} else {
 		urb->transfer_buffer = subs->tmpbuf;
-	urb->transfer_buffer_length = count * usX2Y->stride;
+	}
+	urb->transfer_buffer_length = count * usx2y->stride;
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -165,10 +170,10 @@ static int usX2Y_urb_play_prepare(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs,
  *
  * update the current position and call callback if a period is processed.
  */
-static void usX2Y_urb_play_retire(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs, struct urb *urb)
+static void usx2y_urb_play_retire(struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs, struct urb *urb)
 {
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = subs->pcm_substream->runtime;
-	int		len = urb->actual_length / subs->usX2Y->stride;
+	int		len = urb->actual_length / subs->usx2y->stride;
 
 	subs->transfer_done += len;
 	subs->hwptr_done +=  len;
@@ -180,181 +185,195 @@ static void usX2Y_urb_play_retire(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs, struct urb *
 	}
 }
 
-static int usX2Y_urb_submit(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs, struct urb *urb, int frame)
+static int usx2y_urb_submit(struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs, struct urb *urb, int frame)
 {
 	int err;
+
 	if (!urb)
 		return -ENODEV;
-	urb->start_frame = (frame + NRURBS * nr_of_packs());  // let hcd do rollover sanity checks
+	urb->start_frame = frame + NRURBS * nr_of_packs();  // let hcd do rollover sanity checks
 	urb->hcpriv = NULL;
-	urb->dev = subs->usX2Y->dev; /* we need to set this at each time */
-	if ((err = usb_submit_urb(urb, GFP_ATOMIC)) < 0) {
+	urb->dev = subs->usx2y->dev; /* we need to set this at each time */
+	err = usb_submit_urb(urb, GFP_ATOMIC);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "usb_submit_urb() returned %i\n", err);
 		return err;
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static inline int usX2Y_usbframe_complete(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *capsubs,
-					  struct snd_usX2Y_substream *playbacksubs,
-					  int frame)
+static int usx2y_usbframe_complete(struct snd_usx2y_substream *capsubs,
+				   struct snd_usx2y_substream *playbacksubs,
+				   int frame)
 {
 	int err, state;
 	struct urb *urb = playbacksubs->completed_urb;
 
 	state = atomic_read(&playbacksubs->state);
-	if (NULL != urb) {
-		if (state == state_RUNNING)
-			usX2Y_urb_play_retire(playbacksubs, urb);
-		else if (state >= state_PRERUNNING)
+	if (urb) {
+		if (state == STATE_RUNNING)
+			usx2y_urb_play_retire(playbacksubs, urb);
+		else if (state >= STATE_PRERUNNING)
 			atomic_inc(&playbacksubs->state);
 	} else {
 		switch (state) {
-		case state_STARTING1:
+		case STATE_STARTING1:
 			urb = playbacksubs->urb[0];
 			atomic_inc(&playbacksubs->state);
 			break;
-		case state_STARTING2:
+		case STATE_STARTING2:
 			urb = playbacksubs->urb[1];
 			atomic_inc(&playbacksubs->state);
 			break;
 		}
 	}
 	if (urb) {
-		if ((err = usX2Y_urb_play_prepare(playbacksubs, capsubs->completed_urb, urb)) ||
-		    (err = usX2Y_urb_submit(playbacksubs, urb, frame))) {
+		err = usx2y_urb_play_prepare(playbacksubs, capsubs->completed_urb, urb);
+		if (err)
+			return err;
+		err = usx2y_urb_submit(playbacksubs, urb, frame);
+		if (err)
 			return err;
-		}
 	}
 
 	playbacksubs->completed_urb = NULL;
 
 	state = atomic_read(&capsubs->state);
-	if (state >= state_PREPARED) {
-		if (state == state_RUNNING) {
-			if ((err = usX2Y_urb_capt_retire(capsubs)))
+	if (state >= STATE_PREPARED) {
+		if (state == STATE_RUNNING) {
+			err = usx2y_urb_capt_retire(capsubs);
+			if (err)
 				return err;
-		} else if (state >= state_PRERUNNING)
+		} else if (state >= STATE_PRERUNNING) {
 			atomic_inc(&capsubs->state);
-		if ((err = usX2Y_urb_submit(capsubs, capsubs->completed_urb, frame)))
+		}
+		err = usx2y_urb_submit(capsubs, capsubs->completed_urb, frame);
+		if (err)
 			return err;
 	}
 	capsubs->completed_urb = NULL;
 	return 0;
 }
 
-
-static void usX2Y_clients_stop(struct usX2Ydev *usX2Y)
+static void usx2y_clients_stop(struct usx2ydev *usx2y)
 {
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs;
+	struct urb *urb;
 	int s, u;
 
 	for (s = 0; s < 4; s++) {
-		struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs = usX2Y->subs[s];
+		subs = usx2y->subs[s];
 		if (subs) {
 			snd_printdd("%i %p state=%i\n", s, subs, atomic_read(&subs->state));
-			atomic_set(&subs->state, state_STOPPED);
+			atomic_set(&subs->state, STATE_STOPPED);
 		}
 	}
 	for (s = 0; s < 4; s++) {
-		struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs = usX2Y->subs[s];
+		subs = usx2y->subs[s];
 		if (subs) {
-			if (atomic_read(&subs->state) >= state_PRERUNNING)
+			if (atomic_read(&subs->state) >= STATE_PRERUNNING)
 				snd_pcm_stop_xrun(subs->pcm_substream);
 			for (u = 0; u < NRURBS; u++) {
-				struct urb *urb = subs->urb[u];
-				if (NULL != urb)
+				urb = subs->urb[u];
+				if (urb)
 					snd_printdd("%i status=%i start_frame=%i\n",
 						    u, urb->status, urb->start_frame);
 			}
 		}
 	}
-	usX2Y->prepare_subs = NULL;
-	wake_up(&usX2Y->prepare_wait_queue);
+	usx2y->prepare_subs = NULL;
+	wake_up(&usx2y->prepare_wait_queue);
 }
 
-static void usX2Y_error_urb_status(struct usX2Ydev *usX2Y,
-				   struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs, struct urb *urb)
+static void usx2y_error_urb_status(struct usx2ydev *usx2y,
+				   struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs, struct urb *urb)
 {
 	snd_printk(KERN_ERR "ep=%i stalled with status=%i\n", subs->endpoint, urb->status);
 	urb->status = 0;
-	usX2Y_clients_stop(usX2Y);
+	usx2y_clients_stop(usx2y);
 }
 
-static void i_usX2Y_urb_complete(struct urb *urb)
+static void i_usx2y_urb_complete(struct urb *urb)
 {
-	struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs = urb->context;
-	struct usX2Ydev *usX2Y = subs->usX2Y;
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs = urb->context;
+	struct usx2ydev *usx2y = subs->usx2y;
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *capsubs, *playbacksubs;
 
-	if (unlikely(atomic_read(&subs->state) < state_PREPARED)) {
+	if (unlikely(atomic_read(&subs->state) < STATE_PREPARED)) {
 		snd_printdd("hcd_frame=%i ep=%i%s status=%i start_frame=%i\n",
-			    usb_get_current_frame_number(usX2Y->dev),
+			    usb_get_current_frame_number(usx2y->dev),
 			    subs->endpoint, usb_pipein(urb->pipe) ? "in" : "out",
 			    urb->status, urb->start_frame);
 		return;
 	}
 	if (unlikely(urb->status)) {
-		usX2Y_error_urb_status(usX2Y, subs, urb);
+		usx2y_error_urb_status(usx2y, subs, urb);
 		return;
 	}
 
 	subs->completed_urb = urb;
 
-	{
-		struct snd_usX2Y_substream *capsubs = usX2Y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE],
-			*playbacksubs = usX2Y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK];
-		if (capsubs->completed_urb &&
-		    atomic_read(&capsubs->state) >= state_PREPARED &&
-		    (playbacksubs->completed_urb ||
-		     atomic_read(&playbacksubs->state) < state_PREPARED)) {
-			if (!usX2Y_usbframe_complete(capsubs, playbacksubs, urb->start_frame))
-				usX2Y->wait_iso_frame += nr_of_packs();
-			else {
-				snd_printdd("\n");
-				usX2Y_clients_stop(usX2Y);
-			}
+	capsubs = usx2y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE];
+	playbacksubs = usx2y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK];
+
+	if (capsubs->completed_urb &&
+	    atomic_read(&capsubs->state) >= STATE_PREPARED &&
+	    (playbacksubs->completed_urb ||
+	     atomic_read(&playbacksubs->state) < STATE_PREPARED)) {
+		if (!usx2y_usbframe_complete(capsubs, playbacksubs, urb->start_frame)) {
+			usx2y->wait_iso_frame += nr_of_packs();
+		} else {
+			snd_printdd("\n");
+			usx2y_clients_stop(usx2y);
 		}
 	}
 }
 
-static void usX2Y_urbs_set_complete(struct usX2Ydev * usX2Y,
+static void usx2y_urbs_set_complete(struct usx2ydev *usx2y,
 				    void (*complete)(struct urb *))
 {
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs;
+	struct urb *urb;
 	int s, u;
+
 	for (s = 0; s < 4; s++) {
-		struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs = usX2Y->subs[s];
-		if (NULL != subs)
+		subs = usx2y->subs[s];
+		if (subs) {
 			for (u = 0; u < NRURBS; u++) {
-				struct urb * urb = subs->urb[u];
-				if (NULL != urb)
+				urb = subs->urb[u];
+				if (urb)
 					urb->complete = complete;
 			}
+		}
 	}
 }
 
-static void usX2Y_subs_startup_finish(struct usX2Ydev * usX2Y)
+static void usx2y_subs_startup_finish(struct usx2ydev *usx2y)
 {
-	usX2Y_urbs_set_complete(usX2Y, i_usX2Y_urb_complete);
-	usX2Y->prepare_subs = NULL;
+	usx2y_urbs_set_complete(usx2y, i_usx2y_urb_complete);
+	usx2y->prepare_subs = NULL;
 }
 
-static void i_usX2Y_subs_startup(struct urb *urb)
+static void i_usx2y_subs_startup(struct urb *urb)
 {
-	struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs = urb->context;
-	struct usX2Ydev *usX2Y = subs->usX2Y;
-	struct snd_usX2Y_substream *prepare_subs = usX2Y->prepare_subs;
-	if (NULL != prepare_subs)
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs = urb->context;
+	struct usx2ydev *usx2y = subs->usx2y;
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *prepare_subs = usx2y->prepare_subs;
+
+	if (prepare_subs) {
 		if (urb->start_frame == prepare_subs->urb[0]->start_frame) {
-			usX2Y_subs_startup_finish(usX2Y);
+			usx2y_subs_startup_finish(usx2y);
 			atomic_inc(&prepare_subs->state);
-			wake_up(&usX2Y->prepare_wait_queue);
+			wake_up(&usx2y->prepare_wait_queue);
 		}
+	}
 
-	i_usX2Y_urb_complete(urb);
+	i_usx2y_urb_complete(urb);
 }
 
-static void usX2Y_subs_prepare(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs)
+static void usx2y_subs_prepare(struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs)
 {
-	snd_printdd("usX2Y_substream_prepare(%p) ep=%i urb0=%p urb1=%p\n",
+	snd_printdd("usx2y_substream_prepare(%p) ep=%i urb0=%p urb1=%p\n",
 		    subs, subs->endpoint, subs->urb[0], subs->urb[1]);
 	/* reset the pointer */
 	subs->hwptr = 0;
@@ -362,8 +381,7 @@ static void usX2Y_subs_prepare(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs)
 	subs->transfer_done = 0;
 }
 
-
-static void usX2Y_urb_release(struct urb **urb, int free_tb)
+static void usx2y_urb_release(struct urb **urb, int free_tb)
 {
 	if (*urb) {
 		usb_kill_urb(*urb);
@@ -373,29 +391,33 @@ static void usX2Y_urb_release(struct urb **urb, int free_tb)
 		*urb = NULL;
 	}
 }
+
 /*
  * release a substreams urbs
  */
-static void usX2Y_urbs_release(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs)
+static void usx2y_urbs_release(struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs)
 {
 	int i;
-	snd_printdd("usX2Y_urbs_release() %i\n", subs->endpoint);
+
+	snd_printdd("%s %i\n", __func__, subs->endpoint);
 	for (i = 0; i < NRURBS; i++)
-		usX2Y_urb_release(subs->urb + i,
-				  subs != subs->usX2Y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK]);
+		usx2y_urb_release(subs->urb + i,
+				  subs != subs->usx2y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK]);
 
 	kfree(subs->tmpbuf);
 	subs->tmpbuf = NULL;
 }
+
 /*
  * initialize a substream's urbs
  */
-static int usX2Y_urbs_allocate(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs)
+static int usx2y_urbs_allocate(struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs)
 {
 	int i;
 	unsigned int pipe;
-	int is_playback = subs == subs->usX2Y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK];
-	struct usb_device *dev = subs->usX2Y->dev;
+	int is_playback = subs == subs->usx2y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK];
+	struct usb_device *dev = subs->usx2y->dev;
+	struct urb **purb;
 
 	pipe = is_playback ? usb_sndisocpipe(dev, subs->endpoint) :
 			usb_rcvisocpipe(dev, subs->endpoint);
@@ -403,21 +425,21 @@ static int usX2Y_urbs_allocate(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs)
 	if (!subs->maxpacksize)
 		return -EINVAL;
 
-	if (is_playback && NULL == subs->tmpbuf) {	/* allocate a temporary buffer for playback */
+	if (is_playback && !subs->tmpbuf) {	/* allocate a temporary buffer for playback */
 		subs->tmpbuf = kcalloc(nr_of_packs(), subs->maxpacksize, GFP_KERNEL);
 		if (!subs->tmpbuf)
 			return -ENOMEM;
 	}
 	/* allocate and initialize data urbs */
 	for (i = 0; i < NRURBS; i++) {
-		struct urb **purb = subs->urb + i;
+		purb = subs->urb + i;
 		if (*purb) {
 			usb_kill_urb(*purb);
 			continue;
 		}
 		*purb = usb_alloc_urb(nr_of_packs(), GFP_KERNEL);
-		if (NULL == *purb) {
-			usX2Y_urbs_release(subs);
+		if (!*purb) {
+			usx2y_urbs_release(subs);
 			return -ENOMEM;
 		}
 		if (!is_playback && !(*purb)->transfer_buffer) {
@@ -425,8 +447,8 @@ static int usX2Y_urbs_allocate(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs)
 			(*purb)->transfer_buffer =
 				kmalloc_array(subs->maxpacksize,
 					      nr_of_packs(), GFP_KERNEL);
-			if (NULL == (*purb)->transfer_buffer) {
-				usX2Y_urbs_release(subs);
+			if (!(*purb)->transfer_buffer) {
+				usx2y_urbs_release(subs);
 				return -ENOMEM;
 			}
 		}
@@ -435,70 +457,76 @@ static int usX2Y_urbs_allocate(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs)
 		(*purb)->number_of_packets = nr_of_packs();
 		(*purb)->context = subs;
 		(*purb)->interval = 1;
-		(*purb)->complete = i_usX2Y_subs_startup;
+		(*purb)->complete = i_usx2y_subs_startup;
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void usX2Y_subs_startup(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs)
+static void usx2y_subs_startup(struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs)
 {
-	struct usX2Ydev *usX2Y = subs->usX2Y;
-	usX2Y->prepare_subs = subs;
+	struct usx2ydev *usx2y = subs->usx2y;
+
+	usx2y->prepare_subs = subs;
 	subs->urb[0]->start_frame = -1;
 	wmb();
-	usX2Y_urbs_set_complete(usX2Y, i_usX2Y_subs_startup);
+	usx2y_urbs_set_complete(usx2y, i_usx2y_subs_startup);
 }
 
-static int usX2Y_urbs_start(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs)
+static int usx2y_urbs_start(struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs)
 {
 	int i, err;
-	struct usX2Ydev *usX2Y = subs->usX2Y;
+	struct usx2ydev *usx2y = subs->usx2y;
+	struct urb *urb;
+	unsigned long pack;
 
-	if ((err = usX2Y_urbs_allocate(subs)) < 0)
+	err = usx2y_urbs_allocate(subs);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	subs->completed_urb = NULL;
 	for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
-		struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs = usX2Y->subs[i];
-		if (subs != NULL && atomic_read(&subs->state) >= state_PREPARED)
+		struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs = usx2y->subs[i];
+
+		if (subs && atomic_read(&subs->state) >= STATE_PREPARED)
 			goto start;
 	}
 
  start:
-	usX2Y_subs_startup(subs);
+	usx2y_subs_startup(subs);
 	for (i = 0; i < NRURBS; i++) {
-		struct urb *urb = subs->urb[i];
+		urb = subs->urb[i];
 		if (usb_pipein(urb->pipe)) {
-			unsigned long pack;
-			if (0 == i)
-				atomic_set(&subs->state, state_STARTING3);
-			urb->dev = usX2Y->dev;
+			if (!i)
+				atomic_set(&subs->state, STATE_STARTING3);
+			urb->dev = usx2y->dev;
 			for (pack = 0; pack < nr_of_packs(); pack++) {
 				urb->iso_frame_desc[pack].offset = subs->maxpacksize * pack;
 				urb->iso_frame_desc[pack].length = subs->maxpacksize;
 			}
-			urb->transfer_buffer_length = subs->maxpacksize * nr_of_packs(); 
-			if ((err = usb_submit_urb(urb, GFP_ATOMIC)) < 0) {
-				snd_printk (KERN_ERR "cannot submit datapipe for urb %d, err = %d\n", i, err);
+			urb->transfer_buffer_length = subs->maxpacksize * nr_of_packs();
+			err = usb_submit_urb(urb, GFP_ATOMIC);
+			if (err < 0) {
+				snd_printk(KERN_ERR "cannot submit datapipe for urb %d, err = %d\n", i, err);
 				err = -EPIPE;
 				goto cleanup;
-			} else
-				if (i == 0)
-					usX2Y->wait_iso_frame = urb->start_frame;
+			} else {
+				if (!i)
+					usx2y->wait_iso_frame = urb->start_frame;
+			}
 			urb->transfer_flags = 0;
 		} else {
-			atomic_set(&subs->state, state_STARTING1);
+			atomic_set(&subs->state, STATE_STARTING1);
 			break;
 		}
 	}
 	err = 0;
-	wait_event(usX2Y->prepare_wait_queue, NULL == usX2Y->prepare_subs);
-	if (atomic_read(&subs->state) != state_PREPARED)
+	wait_event(usx2y->prepare_wait_queue, !usx2y->prepare_subs);
+	if (atomic_read(&subs->state) != STATE_PREPARED)
 		err = -EPIPE;
 
  cleanup:
 	if (err) {
-		usX2Y_subs_startup_finish(usX2Y);
-		usX2Y_clients_stop(usX2Y);		// something is completely wroong > stop evrything
+		usx2y_subs_startup_finish(usx2y);
+		usx2y_clients_stop(usx2y);		// something is completely wroong > stop evrything
 	}
 	return err;
 }
@@ -506,33 +534,35 @@ static int usX2Y_urbs_start(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs)
 /*
  * return the current pcm pointer.  just return the hwptr_done value.
  */
-static snd_pcm_uframes_t snd_usX2Y_pcm_pointer(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+static snd_pcm_uframes_t snd_usx2y_pcm_pointer(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 {
-	struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs = substream->runtime->private_data;
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs = substream->runtime->private_data;
+
 	return subs->hwptr_done;
 }
+
 /*
  * start/stop substream
  */
-static int snd_usX2Y_pcm_trigger(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int cmd)
+static int snd_usx2y_pcm_trigger(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int cmd)
 {
-	struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs = substream->runtime->private_data;
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs = substream->runtime->private_data;
 
 	switch (cmd) {
 	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_START:
-		snd_printdd("snd_usX2Y_pcm_trigger(START)\n");
-		if (atomic_read(&subs->state) == state_PREPARED &&
-		    atomic_read(&subs->usX2Y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE]->state) >= state_PREPARED) {
-			atomic_set(&subs->state, state_PRERUNNING);
+		snd_printdd("%s(START)\n", __func__);
+		if (atomic_read(&subs->state) == STATE_PREPARED &&
+		    atomic_read(&subs->usx2y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE]->state) >= STATE_PREPARED) {
+			atomic_set(&subs->state, STATE_PRERUNNING);
 		} else {
 			snd_printdd("\n");
 			return -EPIPE;
 		}
 		break;
 	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_STOP:
-		snd_printdd("snd_usX2Y_pcm_trigger(STOP)\n");
-		if (atomic_read(&subs->state) >= state_PRERUNNING)
-			atomic_set(&subs->state, state_PREPARED);
+		snd_printdd("%s(STOP)\n", __func__);
+		if (atomic_read(&subs->state) >= STATE_PRERUNNING)
+			atomic_set(&subs->state, STATE_PREPARED);
 		break;
 	default:
 		return -EINVAL;
@@ -540,7 +570,6 @@ static int snd_usX2Y_pcm_trigger(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int cmd)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-
 /*
  * allocate a buffer, setup samplerate
  *
@@ -549,12 +578,11 @@ static int snd_usX2Y_pcm_trigger(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int cmd)
  * if sg buffer is supported on the later version of alsa, we'll follow
  * that.
  */
-static const struct s_c2
-{
+struct s_c2 {
 	char c1, c2;
-}
-	SetRate44100[] =
-{
+};
+
+static const struct s_c2 setrate_44100[] = {
 	{ 0x14, 0x08},	// this line sets 44100, well actually a little less
 	{ 0x18, 0x40},	// only tascam / frontier design knows the further lines .......
 	{ 0x18, 0x42},
@@ -589,8 +617,8 @@ static const struct s_c2
 	{ 0x18, 0x7C},
 	{ 0x18, 0x7E}
 };
-static const struct s_c2 SetRate48000[] =
-{
+
+static const struct s_c2 setrate_48000[] = {
 	{ 0x14, 0x09},	// this line sets 48000, well actually a little less
 	{ 0x18, 0x40},	// only tascam / frontier design knows the further lines .......
 	{ 0x18, 0x42},
@@ -625,62 +653,65 @@ static const struct s_c2 SetRate48000[] =
 	{ 0x18, 0x7C},
 	{ 0x18, 0x7E}
 };
-#define NOOF_SETRATE_URBS ARRAY_SIZE(SetRate48000)
 
-static void i_usX2Y_04Int(struct urb *urb)
+#define NOOF_SETRATE_URBS ARRAY_SIZE(setrate_48000)
+
+static void i_usx2y_04int(struct urb *urb)
 {
-	struct usX2Ydev *usX2Y = urb->context;
-	
+	struct usx2ydev *usx2y = urb->context;
+
 	if (urb->status)
-		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "snd_usX2Y_04Int() urb->status=%i\n", urb->status);
-	if (0 == --usX2Y->US04->len)
-		wake_up(&usX2Y->In04WaitQueue);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "snd_usx2y_04int() urb->status=%i\n", urb->status);
+	if (!--usx2y->us04->len)
+		wake_up(&usx2y->in04_wait_queue);
 }
 
-static int usX2Y_rate_set(struct usX2Ydev *usX2Y, int rate)
+static int usx2y_rate_set(struct usx2ydev *usx2y, int rate)
 {
 	int			err = 0, i;
-	struct snd_usX2Y_urbSeq	*us = NULL;
+	struct snd_usx2y_urb_seq	*us = NULL;
 	int			*usbdata = NULL;
-	const struct s_c2	*ra = rate == 48000 ? SetRate48000 : SetRate44100;
+	const struct s_c2	*ra = rate == 48000 ? setrate_48000 : setrate_44100;
+	struct urb *urb;
 
-	if (usX2Y->rate != rate) {
-		us = kzalloc(sizeof(*us) + sizeof(struct urb*) * NOOF_SETRATE_URBS, GFP_KERNEL);
-		if (NULL == us) {
+	if (usx2y->rate != rate) {
+		us = kzalloc(sizeof(*us) + sizeof(struct urb *) * NOOF_SETRATE_URBS, GFP_KERNEL);
+		if (!us) {
 			err = -ENOMEM;
 			goto cleanup;
 		}
 		usbdata = kmalloc_array(NOOF_SETRATE_URBS, sizeof(int),
 					GFP_KERNEL);
-		if (NULL == usbdata) {
+		if (!usbdata) {
 			err = -ENOMEM;
 			goto cleanup;
 		}
 		for (i = 0; i < NOOF_SETRATE_URBS; ++i) {
-			if (NULL == (us->urb[i] = usb_alloc_urb(0, GFP_KERNEL))) {
+			us->urb[i] = usb_alloc_urb(0, GFP_KERNEL);
+			if (!us->urb[i]) {
 				err = -ENOMEM;
 				goto cleanup;
 			}
-			((char*)(usbdata + i))[0] = ra[i].c1;
-			((char*)(usbdata + i))[1] = ra[i].c2;
-			usb_fill_bulk_urb(us->urb[i], usX2Y->dev, usb_sndbulkpipe(usX2Y->dev, 4),
-					  usbdata + i, 2, i_usX2Y_04Int, usX2Y);
+			((char *)(usbdata + i))[0] = ra[i].c1;
+			((char *)(usbdata + i))[1] = ra[i].c2;
+			usb_fill_bulk_urb(us->urb[i], usx2y->dev, usb_sndbulkpipe(usx2y->dev, 4),
+					  usbdata + i, 2, i_usx2y_04int, usx2y);
 		}
 		err = usb_urb_ep_type_check(us->urb[0]);
 		if (err < 0)
 			goto cleanup;
 		us->submitted =	0;
 		us->len =	NOOF_SETRATE_URBS;
-		usX2Y->US04 =	us;
-		wait_event_timeout(usX2Y->In04WaitQueue, 0 == us->len, HZ);
-		usX2Y->US04 =	NULL;
+		usx2y->us04 =	us;
+		wait_event_timeout(usx2y->in04_wait_queue, !us->len, HZ);
+		usx2y->us04 =	NULL;
 		if (us->len)
 			err = -ENODEV;
 	cleanup:
 		if (us) {
 			us->submitted =	2*NOOF_SETRATE_URBS;
 			for (i = 0; i < NOOF_SETRATE_URBS; ++i) {
-				struct urb *urb = us->urb[i];
+				urb = us->urb[i];
 				if (!urb)
 					continue;
 				if (urb->status) {
@@ -690,67 +721,68 @@ static int usX2Y_rate_set(struct usX2Ydev *usX2Y, int rate)
 				}
 				usb_free_urb(urb);
 			}
-			usX2Y->US04 = NULL;
+			usx2y->us04 = NULL;
 			kfree(usbdata);
 			kfree(us);
 			if (!err)
-				usX2Y->rate = rate;
+				usx2y->rate = rate;
 		}
 	}
 
 	return err;
 }
 
-
-static int usX2Y_format_set(struct usX2Ydev *usX2Y, snd_pcm_format_t format)
+static int usx2y_format_set(struct usx2ydev *usx2y, snd_pcm_format_t format)
 {
 	int alternate, err;
-	struct list_head* p;
+	struct list_head *p;
+
 	if (format == SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_S24_3LE) {
 		alternate = 2;
-		usX2Y->stride = 6;
+		usx2y->stride = 6;
 	} else {
 		alternate = 1;
-		usX2Y->stride = 4;
+		usx2y->stride = 4;
 	}
-	list_for_each(p, &usX2Y->midi_list) {
+	list_for_each(p, &usx2y->midi_list) {
 		snd_usbmidi_input_stop(p);
 	}
-	usb_kill_urb(usX2Y->In04urb);
-	if ((err = usb_set_interface(usX2Y->dev, 0, alternate))) {
-		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "usb_set_interface error \n");
+	usb_kill_urb(usx2y->in04_urb);
+	err = usb_set_interface(usx2y->dev, 0, alternate);
+	if (err) {
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "usb_set_interface error\n");
 		return err;
 	}
-	usX2Y->In04urb->dev = usX2Y->dev;
-	err = usb_submit_urb(usX2Y->In04urb, GFP_KERNEL);
-	list_for_each(p, &usX2Y->midi_list) {
+	usx2y->in04_urb->dev = usx2y->dev;
+	err = usb_submit_urb(usx2y->in04_urb, GFP_KERNEL);
+	list_for_each(p, &usx2y->midi_list) {
 		snd_usbmidi_input_start(p);
 	}
-	usX2Y->format = format;
-	usX2Y->rate = 0;
+	usx2y->format = format;
+	usx2y->rate = 0;
 	return err;
 }
 
 
-static int snd_usX2Y_pcm_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+static int snd_usx2y_pcm_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
 				   struct snd_pcm_hw_params *hw_params)
 {
 	int			err = 0;
 	unsigned int		rate = params_rate(hw_params);
 	snd_pcm_format_t	format = params_format(hw_params);
 	struct snd_card *card = substream->pstr->pcm->card;
-	struct usX2Ydev	*dev = usX2Y(card);
+	struct usx2ydev	*dev = usx2y(card);
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs;
+	struct snd_pcm_substream *test_substream;
 	int i;
 
-	mutex_lock(&usX2Y(card)->pcm_mutex);
-	snd_printdd("snd_usX2Y_hw_params(%p, %p)\n", substream, hw_params);
-	/* all pcm substreams off one usX2Y have to operate at the same
+	mutex_lock(&usx2y(card)->pcm_mutex);
+	snd_printdd("snd_usx2y_hw_params(%p, %p)\n", substream, hw_params);
+	/* all pcm substreams off one usx2y have to operate at the same
 	 * rate & format
 	 */
 	for (i = 0; i < dev->pcm_devs * 2; i++) {
-		struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs = dev->subs[i];
-		struct snd_pcm_substream *test_substream;
-
+		subs = dev->subs[i];
 		if (!subs)
 			continue;
 		test_substream = subs->pcm_substream;
@@ -767,81 +799,89 @@ static int snd_usX2Y_pcm_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
 	}
 
  error:
-	mutex_unlock(&usX2Y(card)->pcm_mutex);
+	mutex_unlock(&usx2y(card)->pcm_mutex);
 	return err;
 }
 
 /*
  * free the buffer
  */
-static int snd_usX2Y_pcm_hw_free(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+static int snd_usx2y_pcm_hw_free(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 {
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
-	struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs = runtime->private_data;
-	mutex_lock(&subs->usX2Y->pcm_mutex);
-	snd_printdd("snd_usX2Y_hw_free(%p)\n", substream);
-
-	if (SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK == substream->stream) {
-		struct snd_usX2Y_substream *cap_subs = subs->usX2Y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE];
-		atomic_set(&subs->state, state_STOPPED);
-		usX2Y_urbs_release(subs);
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs = runtime->private_data;
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *cap_subs, *playback_subs;
+
+	mutex_lock(&subs->usx2y->pcm_mutex);
+	snd_printdd("snd_usx2y_hw_free(%p)\n", substream);
+
+	if (substream->stream == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK) {
+		cap_subs = subs->usx2y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE];
+		atomic_set(&subs->state, STATE_STOPPED);
+		usx2y_urbs_release(subs);
 		if (!cap_subs->pcm_substream ||
 		    !cap_subs->pcm_substream->runtime ||
 		    !cap_subs->pcm_substream->runtime->status ||
 		    cap_subs->pcm_substream->runtime->status->state < SNDRV_PCM_STATE_PREPARED) {
-			atomic_set(&cap_subs->state, state_STOPPED);
-			usX2Y_urbs_release(cap_subs);
+			atomic_set(&cap_subs->state, STATE_STOPPED);
+			usx2y_urbs_release(cap_subs);
 		}
 	} else {
-		struct snd_usX2Y_substream *playback_subs = subs->usX2Y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK];
-		if (atomic_read(&playback_subs->state) < state_PREPARED) {
-			atomic_set(&subs->state, state_STOPPED);
-			usX2Y_urbs_release(subs);
+		playback_subs = subs->usx2y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK];
+		if (atomic_read(&playback_subs->state) < STATE_PREPARED) {
+			atomic_set(&subs->state, STATE_STOPPED);
+			usx2y_urbs_release(subs);
 		}
 	}
-	mutex_unlock(&subs->usX2Y->pcm_mutex);
+	mutex_unlock(&subs->usx2y->pcm_mutex);
 	return 0;
 }
+
 /*
  * prepare callback
  *
  * set format and initialize urbs
  */
-static int snd_usX2Y_pcm_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+static int snd_usx2y_pcm_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 {
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
-	struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs = runtime->private_data;
-	struct usX2Ydev *usX2Y = subs->usX2Y;
-	struct snd_usX2Y_substream *capsubs = subs->usX2Y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE];
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs = runtime->private_data;
+	struct usx2ydev *usx2y = subs->usx2y;
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *capsubs = subs->usx2y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE];
 	int err = 0;
-	snd_printdd("snd_usX2Y_pcm_prepare(%p)\n", substream);
-
-	mutex_lock(&usX2Y->pcm_mutex);
-	usX2Y_subs_prepare(subs);
-// Start hardware streams
-// SyncStream first....
-	if (atomic_read(&capsubs->state) < state_PREPARED) {
-		if (usX2Y->format != runtime->format)
-			if ((err = usX2Y_format_set(usX2Y, runtime->format)) < 0)
+
+	snd_printdd("%s(%p)\n", __func__, substream);
+
+	mutex_lock(&usx2y->pcm_mutex);
+	usx2y_subs_prepare(subs);
+	// Start hardware streams
+	// SyncStream first....
+	if (atomic_read(&capsubs->state) < STATE_PREPARED) {
+		if (usx2y->format != runtime->format) {
+			err = usx2y_format_set(usx2y, runtime->format);
+			if (err < 0)
 				goto up_prepare_mutex;
-		if (usX2Y->rate != runtime->rate)
-			if ((err = usX2Y_rate_set(usX2Y, runtime->rate)) < 0)
+		}
+		if (usx2y->rate != runtime->rate) {
+			err = usx2y_rate_set(usx2y, runtime->rate);
+			if (err < 0)
 				goto up_prepare_mutex;
+		}
 		snd_printdd("starting capture pipe for %s\n", subs == capsubs ? "self" : "playpipe");
-		if (0 > (err = usX2Y_urbs_start(capsubs)))
+		err = usx2y_urbs_start(capsubs);
+		if (err < 0)
 			goto up_prepare_mutex;
 	}
 
-	if (subs != capsubs && atomic_read(&subs->state) < state_PREPARED)
-		err = usX2Y_urbs_start(subs);
+	if (subs != capsubs && atomic_read(&subs->state) < STATE_PREPARED)
+		err = usx2y_urbs_start(subs);
 
  up_prepare_mutex:
-	mutex_unlock(&usX2Y->pcm_mutex);
+	mutex_unlock(&usx2y->pcm_mutex);
 	return err;
 }
 
-static const struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_usX2Y_2c =
-{
+static const struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_usx2y_2c = {
 	.info =			(SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP | SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED |
 				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_BLOCK_TRANSFER |
 				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID |
@@ -860,106 +900,101 @@ static const struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_usX2Y_2c =
 	.fifo_size =              0
 };
 
-
-
-static int snd_usX2Y_pcm_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+static int snd_usx2y_pcm_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 {
-	struct snd_usX2Y_substream	*subs = ((struct snd_usX2Y_substream **)
-					 snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream))[substream->stream];
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream	*subs =
+		((struct snd_usx2y_substream **)
+		 snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream))[substream->stream];
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime	*runtime = substream->runtime;
 
-	if (subs->usX2Y->chip_status & USX2Y_STAT_CHIP_MMAP_PCM_URBS)
+	if (subs->usx2y->chip_status & USX2Y_STAT_CHIP_MMAP_PCM_URBS)
 		return -EBUSY;
 
-	runtime->hw = snd_usX2Y_2c;
+	runtime->hw = snd_usx2y_2c;
 	runtime->private_data = subs;
 	subs->pcm_substream = substream;
 	snd_pcm_hw_constraint_minmax(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_TIME, 1000, 200000);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-
-
-static int snd_usX2Y_pcm_close(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+static int snd_usx2y_pcm_close(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 {
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
-	struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs = runtime->private_data;
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs = runtime->private_data;
 
 	subs->pcm_substream = NULL;
 
 	return 0;
 }
 
-
-static const struct snd_pcm_ops snd_usX2Y_pcm_ops =
-{
-	.open =		snd_usX2Y_pcm_open,
-	.close =	snd_usX2Y_pcm_close,
-	.hw_params =	snd_usX2Y_pcm_hw_params,
-	.hw_free =	snd_usX2Y_pcm_hw_free,
-	.prepare =	snd_usX2Y_pcm_prepare,
-	.trigger =	snd_usX2Y_pcm_trigger,
-	.pointer =	snd_usX2Y_pcm_pointer,
+static const struct snd_pcm_ops snd_usx2y_pcm_ops = {
+	.open =		snd_usx2y_pcm_open,
+	.close =	snd_usx2y_pcm_close,
+	.hw_params =	snd_usx2y_pcm_hw_params,
+	.hw_free =	snd_usx2y_pcm_hw_free,
+	.prepare =	snd_usx2y_pcm_prepare,
+	.trigger =	snd_usx2y_pcm_trigger,
+	.pointer =	snd_usx2y_pcm_pointer,
 };
 
-
 /*
  * free a usb stream instance
  */
-static void usX2Y_audio_stream_free(struct snd_usX2Y_substream **usX2Y_substream)
+static void usx2y_audio_stream_free(struct snd_usx2y_substream **usx2y_substream)
 {
 	int stream;
 
 	for_each_pcm_streams(stream) {
-		kfree(usX2Y_substream[stream]);
-		usX2Y_substream[stream] = NULL;
+		kfree(usx2y_substream[stream]);
+		usx2y_substream[stream] = NULL;
 	}
 }
 
-static void snd_usX2Y_pcm_private_free(struct snd_pcm *pcm)
+static void snd_usx2y_pcm_private_free(struct snd_pcm *pcm)
 {
-	struct snd_usX2Y_substream **usX2Y_stream = pcm->private_data;
-	if (usX2Y_stream)
-		usX2Y_audio_stream_free(usX2Y_stream);
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream **usx2y_stream = pcm->private_data;
+
+	if (usx2y_stream)
+		usx2y_audio_stream_free(usx2y_stream);
 }
 
-static int usX2Y_audio_stream_new(struct snd_card *card, int playback_endpoint, int capture_endpoint)
+static int usx2y_audio_stream_new(struct snd_card *card, int playback_endpoint, int capture_endpoint)
 {
 	struct snd_pcm *pcm;
 	int err, i;
-	struct snd_usX2Y_substream **usX2Y_substream =
-		usX2Y(card)->subs + 2 * usX2Y(card)->pcm_devs;
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream **usx2y_substream =
+		usx2y(card)->subs + 2 * usx2y(card)->pcm_devs;
 
 	for (i = playback_endpoint ? SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK : SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE;
 	     i <= SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE; ++i) {
-		usX2Y_substream[i] = kzalloc(sizeof(struct snd_usX2Y_substream), GFP_KERNEL);
-		if (!usX2Y_substream[i])
+		usx2y_substream[i] = kzalloc(sizeof(struct snd_usx2y_substream), GFP_KERNEL);
+		if (!usx2y_substream[i])
 			return -ENOMEM;
 
-		usX2Y_substream[i]->usX2Y = usX2Y(card);
+		usx2y_substream[i]->usx2y = usx2y(card);
 	}
 
 	if (playback_endpoint)
-		usX2Y_substream[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK]->endpoint = playback_endpoint;
-	usX2Y_substream[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE]->endpoint = capture_endpoint;
+		usx2y_substream[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK]->endpoint = playback_endpoint;
+	usx2y_substream[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE]->endpoint = capture_endpoint;
 
-	err = snd_pcm_new(card, NAME_ALLCAPS" Audio", usX2Y(card)->pcm_devs,
+	err = snd_pcm_new(card, NAME_ALLCAPS" Audio", usx2y(card)->pcm_devs,
 			  playback_endpoint ? 1 : 0, 1,
 			  &pcm);
 	if (err < 0) {
-		usX2Y_audio_stream_free(usX2Y_substream);
+		usx2y_audio_stream_free(usx2y_substream);
 		return err;
 	}
 
 	if (playback_endpoint)
-		snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, &snd_usX2Y_pcm_ops);
-	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE, &snd_usX2Y_pcm_ops);
+		snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, &snd_usx2y_pcm_ops);
+	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE, &snd_usx2y_pcm_ops);
 
-	pcm->private_data = usX2Y_substream;
-	pcm->private_free = snd_usX2Y_pcm_private_free;
+	pcm->private_data = usx2y_substream;
+	pcm->private_free = snd_usx2y_pcm_private_free;
 	pcm->info_flags = 0;
 
-	sprintf(pcm->name, NAME_ALLCAPS" Audio #%d", usX2Y(card)->pcm_devs);
+	sprintf(pcm->name, NAME_ALLCAPS" Audio #%d", usx2y(card)->pcm_devs);
 
 	if (playback_endpoint) {
 		snd_pcm_set_managed_buffer(pcm->streams[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK].substream,
@@ -972,7 +1007,7 @@ static int usX2Y_audio_stream_new(struct snd_card *card, int playback_endpoint,
 				   SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_CONTINUOUS,
 				   NULL,
 				   64*1024, 128*1024);
-	usX2Y(card)->pcm_devs++;
+	usx2y(card)->pcm_devs++;
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -980,18 +1015,19 @@ static int usX2Y_audio_stream_new(struct snd_card *card, int playback_endpoint,
 /*
  * create a chip instance and set its names.
  */
-int usX2Y_audio_create(struct snd_card *card)
+int usx2y_audio_create(struct snd_card *card)
 {
-	int err = 0;
-	
-	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&usX2Y(card)->pcm_list);
+	int err;
 
-	if (0 > (err = usX2Y_audio_stream_new(card, 0xA, 0x8)))
+	err = usx2y_audio_stream_new(card, 0xA, 0x8);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
-	if (le16_to_cpu(usX2Y(card)->dev->descriptor.idProduct) == USB_ID_US428)
-	     if (0 > (err = usX2Y_audio_stream_new(card, 0, 0xA)))
-		     return err;
-	if (le16_to_cpu(usX2Y(card)->dev->descriptor.idProduct) != USB_ID_US122)
-		err = usX2Y_rate_set(usX2Y(card), 44100);	// Lets us428 recognize output-volume settings, disturbs us122.
+	if (le16_to_cpu(usx2y(card)->dev->descriptor.idProduct) == USB_ID_US428) {
+		err = usx2y_audio_stream_new(card, 0, 0xA);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+	if (le16_to_cpu(usx2y(card)->dev->descriptor.idProduct) != USB_ID_US122)
+		err = usx2y_rate_set(usx2y(card), 44100);	// Lets us428 recognize output-volume settings, disturbs us122.
 	return err;
 }
diff --git a/sound/usb/usx2y/usx2yhwdeppcm.c b/sound/usb/usx2y/usx2yhwdeppcm.c
index 8253669c6a7d..da643c2dbb12 100644
--- a/sound/usb/usx2y/usx2yhwdeppcm.c
+++ b/sound/usb/usx2y/usx2yhwdeppcm.c
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 
  Its usb's unableness to atomically handle power of 2 period sized data chuncs
  at standard samplerates,
- what led to this part of the usx2y module: 
+ what led to this part of the usx2y module:
  It provides the alsa kernel half of the usx2y-alsa-jack driver pair.
  The pair uses a hardware dependent alsa-device for mmaped pcm transport.
  Advantage achieved:
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
  Kernel:
  - rawusb dma pcm buffer transport should go to snd-usb-lib, so also snd-usb-audio
    devices can use it.
-   Currently rawusb dma pcm buffer transport (this file) is only available to snd-usb-usx2y. 
+   Currently rawusb dma pcm buffer transport (this file) is only available to snd-usb-usx2y.
 */
 
 #include <linux/delay.h>
@@ -46,28 +46,32 @@
 
 #include <sound/hwdep.h>
 
-
-static int usX2Y_usbpcm_urb_capt_retire(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs)
+static int usx2y_usbpcm_urb_capt_retire(struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs)
 {
 	struct urb	*urb = subs->completed_urb;
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = subs->pcm_substream->runtime;
-	int 		i, lens = 0, hwptr_done = subs->hwptr_done;
-	struct usX2Ydev	*usX2Y = subs->usX2Y;
-	if (0 > usX2Y->hwdep_pcm_shm->capture_iso_start) { //FIXME
-		int head = usX2Y->hwdep_pcm_shm->captured_iso_head + 1;
-		if (head >= ARRAY_SIZE(usX2Y->hwdep_pcm_shm->captured_iso))
+	int		i, lens = 0, hwptr_done = subs->hwptr_done;
+	struct usx2ydev	*usx2y = subs->usx2y;
+	int head;
+
+	if (usx2y->hwdep_pcm_shm->capture_iso_start < 0) { //FIXME
+		head = usx2y->hwdep_pcm_shm->captured_iso_head + 1;
+		if (head >= ARRAY_SIZE(usx2y->hwdep_pcm_shm->captured_iso))
 			head = 0;
-		usX2Y->hwdep_pcm_shm->capture_iso_start = head;
+		usx2y->hwdep_pcm_shm->capture_iso_start = head;
 		snd_printdd("cap start %i\n", head);
 	}
 	for (i = 0; i < nr_of_packs(); i++) {
 		if (urb->iso_frame_desc[i].status) { /* active? hmm, skip this */
-			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "active frame status %i. Most probably some hardware problem.\n", urb->iso_frame_desc[i].status);
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR
+				   "active frame status %i. Most probably some hardware problem.\n",
+				   urb->iso_frame_desc[i].status);
 			return urb->iso_frame_desc[i].status;
 		}
-		lens += urb->iso_frame_desc[i].actual_length / usX2Y->stride;
+		lens += urb->iso_frame_desc[i].actual_length / usx2y->stride;
 	}
-	if ((hwptr_done += lens) >= runtime->buffer_size)
+	hwptr_done += lens;
+	if (hwptr_done >= runtime->buffer_size)
 		hwptr_done -= runtime->buffer_size;
 	subs->hwptr_done = hwptr_done;
 	subs->transfer_done += lens;
@@ -79,10 +83,10 @@ static int usX2Y_usbpcm_urb_capt_retire(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static inline int usX2Y_iso_frames_per_buffer(struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime,
-					      struct usX2Ydev * usX2Y)
+static int usx2y_iso_frames_per_buffer(struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime,
+					      struct usx2ydev *usx2y)
 {
-	return (runtime->buffer_size * 1000) / usX2Y->rate + 1;	//FIXME: so far only correct period_size == 2^x ?
+	return (runtime->buffer_size * 1000) / usx2y->rate + 1;	//FIXME: so far only correct period_size == 2^x ?
 }
 
 /*
@@ -95,18 +99,18 @@ static inline int usX2Y_iso_frames_per_buffer(struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime,
  * it directly from the buffer.  thus the data is once copied to
  * a temporary buffer and urb points to that.
  */
-static int usX2Y_hwdep_urb_play_prepare(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs,
+static int usx2y_hwdep_urb_play_prepare(struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs,
 					struct urb *urb)
 {
 	int count, counts, pack;
-	struct usX2Ydev *usX2Y = subs->usX2Y;
-	struct snd_usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_shm *shm = usX2Y->hwdep_pcm_shm;
+	struct usx2ydev *usx2y = subs->usx2y;
+	struct snd_usx2y_hwdep_pcm_shm *shm = usx2y->hwdep_pcm_shm;
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = subs->pcm_substream->runtime;
 
-	if (0 > shm->playback_iso_start) {
+	if (shm->playback_iso_start < 0) {
 		shm->playback_iso_start = shm->captured_iso_head -
-			usX2Y_iso_frames_per_buffer(runtime, usX2Y);
-		if (0 > shm->playback_iso_start)
+			usx2y_iso_frames_per_buffer(runtime, usx2y);
+		if (shm->playback_iso_start < 0)
 			shm->playback_iso_start += ARRAY_SIZE(shm->captured_iso);
 		shm->playback_iso_head = shm->playback_iso_start;
 	}
@@ -114,7 +118,7 @@ static int usX2Y_hwdep_urb_play_prepare(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs,
 	count = 0;
 	for (pack = 0; pack < nr_of_packs(); pack++) {
 		/* calculate the size of a packet */
-		counts = shm->captured_iso[shm->playback_iso_head].length / usX2Y->stride;
+		counts = shm->captured_iso[shm->playback_iso_head].length / usx2y->stride;
 		if (counts < 43 || counts > 50) {
 			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "should not be here with counts=%i\n", counts);
 			return -EPIPE;
@@ -122,27 +126,29 @@ static int usX2Y_hwdep_urb_play_prepare(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs,
 		/* set up descriptor */
 		urb->iso_frame_desc[pack].offset = shm->captured_iso[shm->playback_iso_head].offset;
 		urb->iso_frame_desc[pack].length = shm->captured_iso[shm->playback_iso_head].length;
-		if (atomic_read(&subs->state) != state_RUNNING)
+		if (atomic_read(&subs->state) != STATE_RUNNING)
 			memset((char *)urb->transfer_buffer + urb->iso_frame_desc[pack].offset, 0,
 			       urb->iso_frame_desc[pack].length);
 		if (++shm->playback_iso_head >= ARRAY_SIZE(shm->captured_iso))
 			shm->playback_iso_head = 0;
 		count += counts;
 	}
-	urb->transfer_buffer_length = count * usX2Y->stride;
+	urb->transfer_buffer_length = count * usx2y->stride;
 	return 0;
 }
 
-
-static inline void usX2Y_usbpcm_urb_capt_iso_advance(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs,
-						     struct urb *urb)
+static void usx2y_usbpcm_urb_capt_iso_advance(struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs,
+					      struct urb *urb)
 {
-	int pack;
+	struct usb_iso_packet_descriptor *desc;
+	struct snd_usx2y_hwdep_pcm_shm *shm;
+	int pack, head;
+
 	for (pack = 0; pack < nr_of_packs(); ++pack) {
-		struct usb_iso_packet_descriptor *desc = urb->iso_frame_desc + pack;
-		if (NULL != subs) {
-			struct snd_usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_shm *shm = subs->usX2Y->hwdep_pcm_shm;
-			int head = shm->captured_iso_head + 1;
+		desc = urb->iso_frame_desc + pack;
+		if (subs) {
+			shm = subs->usx2y->hwdep_pcm_shm;
+			head = shm->captured_iso_head + 1;
 			if (head >= ARRAY_SIZE(shm->captured_iso))
 				head = 0;
 			shm->captured_iso[head].frame = urb->start_frame + pack;
@@ -151,106 +157,111 @@ static inline void usX2Y_usbpcm_urb_capt_iso_advance(struct snd_usX2Y_substream
 			shm->captured_iso_head = head;
 			shm->captured_iso_frames++;
 		}
-		if ((desc->offset += desc->length * NRURBS*nr_of_packs()) +
-		    desc->length >= SSS)
+		desc->offset += desc->length * NRURBS * nr_of_packs();
+		if (desc->offset + desc->length >= SSS)
 			desc->offset -= (SSS - desc->length);
 	}
 }
 
-static inline int usX2Y_usbpcm_usbframe_complete(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *capsubs,
-						 struct snd_usX2Y_substream *capsubs2,
-						 struct snd_usX2Y_substream *playbacksubs,
-						 int frame)
+static int usx2y_usbpcm_usbframe_complete(struct snd_usx2y_substream *capsubs,
+					  struct snd_usx2y_substream *capsubs2,
+					  struct snd_usx2y_substream *playbacksubs,
+					  int frame)
 {
 	int err, state;
 	struct urb *urb = playbacksubs->completed_urb;
 
 	state = atomic_read(&playbacksubs->state);
-	if (NULL != urb) {
-		if (state == state_RUNNING)
-			usX2Y_urb_play_retire(playbacksubs, urb);
-		else if (state >= state_PRERUNNING)
+	if (urb) {
+		if (state == STATE_RUNNING)
+			usx2y_urb_play_retire(playbacksubs, urb);
+		else if (state >= STATE_PRERUNNING)
 			atomic_inc(&playbacksubs->state);
 	} else {
 		switch (state) {
-		case state_STARTING1:
+		case STATE_STARTING1:
 			urb = playbacksubs->urb[0];
 			atomic_inc(&playbacksubs->state);
 			break;
-		case state_STARTING2:
+		case STATE_STARTING2:
 			urb = playbacksubs->urb[1];
 			atomic_inc(&playbacksubs->state);
 			break;
 		}
 	}
 	if (urb) {
-		if ((err = usX2Y_hwdep_urb_play_prepare(playbacksubs, urb)) ||
-		    (err = usX2Y_urb_submit(playbacksubs, urb, frame))) {
+		err = usx2y_hwdep_urb_play_prepare(playbacksubs, urb);
+		if (err)
+			return err;
+		err = usx2y_hwdep_urb_play_prepare(playbacksubs, urb);
+		if (err)
 			return err;
-		}
 	}
-	
+
 	playbacksubs->completed_urb = NULL;
 
 	state = atomic_read(&capsubs->state);
-	if (state >= state_PREPARED) {
-		if (state == state_RUNNING) {
-			if ((err = usX2Y_usbpcm_urb_capt_retire(capsubs)))
+	if (state >= STATE_PREPARED) {
+		if (state == STATE_RUNNING) {
+			err = usx2y_usbpcm_urb_capt_retire(capsubs);
+			if (err)
 				return err;
-		} else if (state >= state_PRERUNNING)
+		} else if (state >= STATE_PRERUNNING) {
 			atomic_inc(&capsubs->state);
-		usX2Y_usbpcm_urb_capt_iso_advance(capsubs, capsubs->completed_urb);
-		if (NULL != capsubs2)
-			usX2Y_usbpcm_urb_capt_iso_advance(NULL, capsubs2->completed_urb);
-		if ((err = usX2Y_urb_submit(capsubs, capsubs->completed_urb, frame)))
+		}
+		usx2y_usbpcm_urb_capt_iso_advance(capsubs, capsubs->completed_urb);
+		if (capsubs2)
+			usx2y_usbpcm_urb_capt_iso_advance(NULL, capsubs2->completed_urb);
+		err = usx2y_urb_submit(capsubs, capsubs->completed_urb, frame);
+		if (err)
 			return err;
-		if (NULL != capsubs2)
-			if ((err = usX2Y_urb_submit(capsubs2, capsubs2->completed_urb, frame)))
+		if (capsubs2) {
+			err = usx2y_urb_submit(capsubs2, capsubs2->completed_urb, frame);
+			if (err)
 				return err;
+		}
 	}
 	capsubs->completed_urb = NULL;
-	if (NULL != capsubs2)
+	if (capsubs2)
 		capsubs2->completed_urb = NULL;
 	return 0;
 }
 
-
-static void i_usX2Y_usbpcm_urb_complete(struct urb *urb)
+static void i_usx2y_usbpcm_urb_complete(struct urb *urb)
 {
-	struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs = urb->context;
-	struct usX2Ydev *usX2Y = subs->usX2Y;
-	struct snd_usX2Y_substream *capsubs, *capsubs2, *playbacksubs;
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs = urb->context;
+	struct usx2ydev *usx2y = subs->usx2y;
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *capsubs, *capsubs2, *playbacksubs;
 
-	if (unlikely(atomic_read(&subs->state) < state_PREPARED)) {
+	if (unlikely(atomic_read(&subs->state) < STATE_PREPARED)) {
 		snd_printdd("hcd_frame=%i ep=%i%s status=%i start_frame=%i\n",
-			    usb_get_current_frame_number(usX2Y->dev),
+			    usb_get_current_frame_number(usx2y->dev),
 			    subs->endpoint, usb_pipein(urb->pipe) ? "in" : "out",
 			    urb->status, urb->start_frame);
 		return;
 	}
 	if (unlikely(urb->status)) {
-		usX2Y_error_urb_status(usX2Y, subs, urb);
+		usx2y_error_urb_status(usx2y, subs, urb);
 		return;
 	}
 
 	subs->completed_urb = urb;
-	capsubs = usX2Y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE];
-	capsubs2 = usX2Y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE + 2];
-	playbacksubs = usX2Y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK];
-	if (capsubs->completed_urb && atomic_read(&capsubs->state) >= state_PREPARED &&
-	    (NULL == capsubs2 || capsubs2->completed_urb) &&
-	    (playbacksubs->completed_urb || atomic_read(&playbacksubs->state) < state_PREPARED)) {
-		if (!usX2Y_usbpcm_usbframe_complete(capsubs, capsubs2, playbacksubs, urb->start_frame))
-			usX2Y->wait_iso_frame += nr_of_packs();
-		else {
+	capsubs = usx2y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE];
+	capsubs2 = usx2y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE + 2];
+	playbacksubs = usx2y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK];
+	if (capsubs->completed_urb && atomic_read(&capsubs->state) >= STATE_PREPARED &&
+	    (!capsubs2 || capsubs2->completed_urb) &&
+	    (playbacksubs->completed_urb || atomic_read(&playbacksubs->state) < STATE_PREPARED)) {
+		if (!usx2y_usbpcm_usbframe_complete(capsubs, capsubs2, playbacksubs, urb->start_frame)) {
+			usx2y->wait_iso_frame += nr_of_packs();
+		} else {
 			snd_printdd("\n");
-			usX2Y_clients_stop(usX2Y);
+			usx2y_clients_stop(usx2y);
 		}
 	}
 }
 
-
-static void usX2Y_hwdep_urb_release(struct urb **urb)
+static void usx2y_hwdep_urb_release(struct urb **urb)
 {
 	usb_kill_urb(*urb);
 	usb_free_urb(*urb);
@@ -260,49 +271,53 @@ static void usX2Y_hwdep_urb_release(struct urb **urb)
 /*
  * release a substream
  */
-static void usX2Y_usbpcm_urbs_release(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs)
+static void usx2y_usbpcm_urbs_release(struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs)
 {
 	int i;
-	snd_printdd("snd_usX2Y_urbs_release() %i\n", subs->endpoint);
+
+	snd_printdd("snd_usx2y_urbs_release() %i\n", subs->endpoint);
 	for (i = 0; i < NRURBS; i++)
-		usX2Y_hwdep_urb_release(subs->urb + i);
+		usx2y_hwdep_urb_release(subs->urb + i);
 }
 
-static void usX2Y_usbpcm_subs_startup_finish(struct usX2Ydev * usX2Y)
+static void usx2y_usbpcm_subs_startup_finish(struct usx2ydev *usx2y)
 {
-	usX2Y_urbs_set_complete(usX2Y, i_usX2Y_usbpcm_urb_complete);
-	usX2Y->prepare_subs = NULL;
+	usx2y_urbs_set_complete(usx2y, i_usx2y_usbpcm_urb_complete);
+	usx2y->prepare_subs = NULL;
 }
 
-static void i_usX2Y_usbpcm_subs_startup(struct urb *urb)
+static void i_usx2y_usbpcm_subs_startup(struct urb *urb)
 {
-	struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs = urb->context;
-	struct usX2Ydev *usX2Y = subs->usX2Y;
-	struct snd_usX2Y_substream *prepare_subs = usX2Y->prepare_subs;
-	if (NULL != prepare_subs &&
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs = urb->context;
+	struct usx2ydev *usx2y = subs->usx2y;
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *prepare_subs = usx2y->prepare_subs;
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *cap_subs2;
+
+	if (prepare_subs &&
 	    urb->start_frame == prepare_subs->urb[0]->start_frame) {
 		atomic_inc(&prepare_subs->state);
-		if (prepare_subs == usX2Y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE]) {
-			struct snd_usX2Y_substream *cap_subs2 = usX2Y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE + 2];
-			if (cap_subs2 != NULL)
+		if (prepare_subs == usx2y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE]) {
+			cap_subs2 = usx2y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE + 2];
+			if (cap_subs2)
 				atomic_inc(&cap_subs2->state);
 		}
-		usX2Y_usbpcm_subs_startup_finish(usX2Y);
-		wake_up(&usX2Y->prepare_wait_queue);
+		usx2y_usbpcm_subs_startup_finish(usx2y);
+		wake_up(&usx2y->prepare_wait_queue);
 	}
 
-	i_usX2Y_usbpcm_urb_complete(urb);
+	i_usx2y_usbpcm_urb_complete(urb);
 }
 
 /*
  * initialize a substream's urbs
  */
-static int usX2Y_usbpcm_urbs_allocate(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs)
+static int usx2y_usbpcm_urbs_allocate(struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs)
 {
 	int i;
 	unsigned int pipe;
-	int is_playback = subs == subs->usX2Y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK];
-	struct usb_device *dev = subs->usX2Y->dev;
+	int is_playback = subs == subs->usx2y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK];
+	struct usb_device *dev = subs->usx2y->dev;
+	struct urb **purb;
 
 	pipe = is_playback ? usb_sndisocpipe(dev, subs->endpoint) :
 			usb_rcvisocpipe(dev, subs->endpoint);
@@ -312,28 +327,28 @@ static int usX2Y_usbpcm_urbs_allocate(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs)
 
 	/* allocate and initialize data urbs */
 	for (i = 0; i < NRURBS; i++) {
-		struct urb **purb = subs->urb + i;
+		purb = subs->urb + i;
 		if (*purb) {
 			usb_kill_urb(*purb);
 			continue;
 		}
 		*purb = usb_alloc_urb(nr_of_packs(), GFP_KERNEL);
-		if (NULL == *purb) {
-			usX2Y_usbpcm_urbs_release(subs);
+		if (!*purb) {
+			usx2y_usbpcm_urbs_release(subs);
 			return -ENOMEM;
 		}
 		(*purb)->transfer_buffer = is_playback ?
-			subs->usX2Y->hwdep_pcm_shm->playback : (
+			subs->usx2y->hwdep_pcm_shm->playback : (
 				subs->endpoint == 0x8 ?
-				subs->usX2Y->hwdep_pcm_shm->capture0x8 :
-				subs->usX2Y->hwdep_pcm_shm->capture0xA);
+				subs->usx2y->hwdep_pcm_shm->capture0x8 :
+				subs->usx2y->hwdep_pcm_shm->capture0xA);
 
 		(*purb)->dev = dev;
 		(*purb)->pipe = pipe;
 		(*purb)->number_of_packets = nr_of_packs();
 		(*purb)->context = subs;
 		(*purb)->interval = 1;
-		(*purb)->complete = i_usX2Y_usbpcm_subs_startup;
+		(*purb)->complete = i_usx2y_usbpcm_subs_startup;
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -341,195 +356,216 @@ static int usX2Y_usbpcm_urbs_allocate(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs)
 /*
  * free the buffer
  */
-static int snd_usX2Y_usbpcm_hw_free(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+static int snd_usx2y_usbpcm_hw_free(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 {
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
-	struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs = runtime->private_data,
-		*cap_subs2 = subs->usX2Y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE + 2];
-	mutex_lock(&subs->usX2Y->pcm_mutex);
-	snd_printdd("snd_usX2Y_usbpcm_hw_free(%p)\n", substream);
-
-	if (SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK == substream->stream) {
-		struct snd_usX2Y_substream *cap_subs = subs->usX2Y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE];
-		atomic_set(&subs->state, state_STOPPED);
-		usX2Y_usbpcm_urbs_release(subs);
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs = runtime->private_data;
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *cap_subs;
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *playback_subs;
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *cap_subs2;
+
+	mutex_lock(&subs->usx2y->pcm_mutex);
+	snd_printdd("%s(%p)\n", __func__, substream);
+
+	cap_subs2 = subs->usx2y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE + 2];
+	if (substream->stream == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK) {
+		cap_subs = subs->usx2y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE];
+		atomic_set(&subs->state, STATE_STOPPED);
+		usx2y_usbpcm_urbs_release(subs);
 		if (!cap_subs->pcm_substream ||
 		    !cap_subs->pcm_substream->runtime ||
 		    !cap_subs->pcm_substream->runtime->status ||
 		    cap_subs->pcm_substream->runtime->status->state < SNDRV_PCM_STATE_PREPARED) {
-			atomic_set(&cap_subs->state, state_STOPPED);
-			if (NULL != cap_subs2)
-				atomic_set(&cap_subs2->state, state_STOPPED);
-			usX2Y_usbpcm_urbs_release(cap_subs);
-			if (NULL != cap_subs2)
-				usX2Y_usbpcm_urbs_release(cap_subs2);
+			atomic_set(&cap_subs->state, STATE_STOPPED);
+			if (cap_subs2)
+				atomic_set(&cap_subs2->state, STATE_STOPPED);
+			usx2y_usbpcm_urbs_release(cap_subs);
+			if (cap_subs2)
+				usx2y_usbpcm_urbs_release(cap_subs2);
 		}
 	} else {
-		struct snd_usX2Y_substream *playback_subs = subs->usX2Y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK];
-		if (atomic_read(&playback_subs->state) < state_PREPARED) {
-			atomic_set(&subs->state, state_STOPPED);
-			if (NULL != cap_subs2)
-				atomic_set(&cap_subs2->state, state_STOPPED);
-			usX2Y_usbpcm_urbs_release(subs);
-			if (NULL != cap_subs2)
-				usX2Y_usbpcm_urbs_release(cap_subs2);
+		playback_subs = subs->usx2y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK];
+		if (atomic_read(&playback_subs->state) < STATE_PREPARED) {
+			atomic_set(&subs->state, STATE_STOPPED);
+			if (cap_subs2)
+				atomic_set(&cap_subs2->state, STATE_STOPPED);
+			usx2y_usbpcm_urbs_release(subs);
+			if (cap_subs2)
+				usx2y_usbpcm_urbs_release(cap_subs2);
 		}
 	}
-	mutex_unlock(&subs->usX2Y->pcm_mutex);
+	mutex_unlock(&subs->usx2y->pcm_mutex);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void usX2Y_usbpcm_subs_startup(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs)
+static void usx2y_usbpcm_subs_startup(struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs)
 {
-	struct usX2Ydev * usX2Y = subs->usX2Y;
-	usX2Y->prepare_subs = subs;
+	struct usx2ydev *usx2y = subs->usx2y;
+
+	usx2y->prepare_subs = subs;
 	subs->urb[0]->start_frame = -1;
-	smp_wmb();	// Make sure above modifications are seen by i_usX2Y_subs_startup()
-	usX2Y_urbs_set_complete(usX2Y, i_usX2Y_usbpcm_subs_startup);
+	smp_wmb();	// Make sure above modifications are seen by i_usx2y_subs_startup()
+	usx2y_urbs_set_complete(usx2y, i_usx2y_usbpcm_subs_startup);
 }
 
-static int usX2Y_usbpcm_urbs_start(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs)
+static int usx2y_usbpcm_urbs_start(struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs)
 {
-	int	p, u, err,
-		stream = subs->pcm_substream->stream;
-	struct usX2Ydev *usX2Y = subs->usX2Y;
-
-	if (SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE == stream) {
-		usX2Y->hwdep_pcm_shm->captured_iso_head = -1;
-		usX2Y->hwdep_pcm_shm->captured_iso_frames = 0;
+	int	p, u, err, stream = subs->pcm_substream->stream;
+	struct usx2ydev *usx2y = subs->usx2y;
+	struct urb *urb;
+	unsigned long pack;
+
+	if (stream == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE) {
+		usx2y->hwdep_pcm_shm->captured_iso_head = -1;
+		usx2y->hwdep_pcm_shm->captured_iso_frames = 0;
 	}
 
 	for (p = 0; 3 >= (stream + p); p += 2) {
-		struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs = usX2Y->subs[stream + p];
-		if (subs != NULL) {
-			if ((err = usX2Y_usbpcm_urbs_allocate(subs)) < 0)
+		struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs = usx2y->subs[stream + p];
+		if (subs) {
+			err = usx2y_usbpcm_urbs_allocate(subs);
+			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
 			subs->completed_urb = NULL;
 		}
 	}
 
 	for (p = 0; p < 4; p++) {
-		struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs = usX2Y->subs[p];
-		if (subs != NULL && atomic_read(&subs->state) >= state_PREPARED)
+		struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs = usx2y->subs[p];
+
+		if (subs && atomic_read(&subs->state) >= STATE_PREPARED)
 			goto start;
 	}
 
  start:
-	usX2Y_usbpcm_subs_startup(subs);
+	usx2y_usbpcm_subs_startup(subs);
 	for (u = 0; u < NRURBS; u++) {
 		for (p = 0; 3 >= (stream + p); p += 2) {
-			struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs = usX2Y->subs[stream + p];
-			if (subs != NULL) {
-				struct urb *urb = subs->urb[u];
-				if (usb_pipein(urb->pipe)) {
-					unsigned long pack;
-					if (0 == u)
-						atomic_set(&subs->state, state_STARTING3);
-					urb->dev = usX2Y->dev;
-					for (pack = 0; pack < nr_of_packs(); pack++) {
-						urb->iso_frame_desc[pack].offset = subs->maxpacksize * (pack + u * nr_of_packs());
-						urb->iso_frame_desc[pack].length = subs->maxpacksize;
-					}
-					urb->transfer_buffer_length = subs->maxpacksize * nr_of_packs(); 
-					if ((err = usb_submit_urb(urb, GFP_KERNEL)) < 0) {
-						snd_printk (KERN_ERR "cannot usb_submit_urb() for urb %d, err = %d\n", u, err);
-						err = -EPIPE;
-						goto cleanup;
-					}  else {
-						snd_printdd("%i\n", urb->start_frame);
-						if (u == 0)
-							usX2Y->wait_iso_frame = urb->start_frame;
-					}
-					urb->transfer_flags = 0;
-				} else {
-					atomic_set(&subs->state, state_STARTING1);
-					break;
-				}			
+			struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs = usx2y->subs[stream + p];
+
+			if (!subs)
+				continue;
+			urb = subs->urb[u];
+			if (usb_pipein(urb->pipe)) {
+				if (!u)
+					atomic_set(&subs->state, STATE_STARTING3);
+				urb->dev = usx2y->dev;
+				for (pack = 0; pack < nr_of_packs(); pack++) {
+					urb->iso_frame_desc[pack].offset = subs->maxpacksize * (pack + u * nr_of_packs());
+					urb->iso_frame_desc[pack].length = subs->maxpacksize;
+				}
+				urb->transfer_buffer_length = subs->maxpacksize * nr_of_packs();
+				err = usb_submit_urb(urb, GFP_KERNEL);
+				if (err < 0) {
+					snd_printk(KERN_ERR "cannot usb_submit_urb() for urb %d, err = %d\n", u, err);
+					err = -EPIPE;
+					goto cleanup;
+				}  else {
+					snd_printdd("%i\n", urb->start_frame);
+					if (!u)
+						usx2y->wait_iso_frame = urb->start_frame;
+				}
+				urb->transfer_flags = 0;
+			} else {
+				atomic_set(&subs->state, STATE_STARTING1);
+				break;
 			}
 		}
 	}
 	err = 0;
-	wait_event(usX2Y->prepare_wait_queue, NULL == usX2Y->prepare_subs);
-	if (atomic_read(&subs->state) != state_PREPARED)
+	wait_event(usx2y->prepare_wait_queue, !usx2y->prepare_subs);
+	if (atomic_read(&subs->state) != STATE_PREPARED)
 		err = -EPIPE;
-		
+
  cleanup:
 	if (err) {
-		usX2Y_subs_startup_finish(usX2Y);	// Call it now
-		usX2Y_clients_stop(usX2Y);		// something is completely wroong > stop evrything			
+		usx2y_subs_startup_finish(usx2y);	// Call it now
+		usx2y_clients_stop(usx2y);		// something is completely wroong > stop evrything
 	}
 	return err;
 }
 
+#define USX2Y_HWDEP_PCM_PAGES	\
+	PAGE_ALIGN(sizeof(struct snd_usx2y_hwdep_pcm_shm))
+
 /*
  * prepare callback
  *
  * set format and initialize urbs
  */
-static int snd_usX2Y_usbpcm_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+static int snd_usx2y_usbpcm_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 {
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
-	struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs = runtime->private_data;
-	struct usX2Ydev *usX2Y = subs->usX2Y;
-	struct snd_usX2Y_substream *capsubs = subs->usX2Y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE];
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs = runtime->private_data;
+	struct usx2ydev *usx2y = subs->usx2y;
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *capsubs = subs->usx2y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE];
 	int err = 0;
-	snd_printdd("snd_usX2Y_pcm_prepare(%p)\n", substream);
 
-	if (NULL == usX2Y->hwdep_pcm_shm) {
-		usX2Y->hwdep_pcm_shm = alloc_pages_exact(sizeof(struct snd_usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_shm),
+	snd_printdd("snd_usx2y_pcm_prepare(%p)\n", substream);
+
+	mutex_lock(&usx2y->pcm_mutex);
+
+	if (!usx2y->hwdep_pcm_shm) {
+		usx2y->hwdep_pcm_shm = alloc_pages_exact(USX2Y_HWDEP_PCM_PAGES,
 							 GFP_KERNEL);
-		if (!usX2Y->hwdep_pcm_shm)
-			return -ENOMEM;
-		memset(usX2Y->hwdep_pcm_shm, 0, sizeof(struct snd_usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_shm));
+		if (!usx2y->hwdep_pcm_shm) {
+			err = -ENOMEM;
+			goto up_prepare_mutex;
+		}
+		memset(usx2y->hwdep_pcm_shm, 0, USX2Y_HWDEP_PCM_PAGES);
 	}
 
-	mutex_lock(&usX2Y->pcm_mutex);
-	usX2Y_subs_prepare(subs);
-// Start hardware streams
-// SyncStream first....
-	if (atomic_read(&capsubs->state) < state_PREPARED) {
-		if (usX2Y->format != runtime->format)
-			if ((err = usX2Y_format_set(usX2Y, runtime->format)) < 0)
+	usx2y_subs_prepare(subs);
+	// Start hardware streams
+	// SyncStream first....
+	if (atomic_read(&capsubs->state) < STATE_PREPARED) {
+		if (usx2y->format != runtime->format) {
+			err = usx2y_format_set(usx2y, runtime->format);
+			if (err < 0)
 				goto up_prepare_mutex;
-		if (usX2Y->rate != runtime->rate)
-			if ((err = usX2Y_rate_set(usX2Y, runtime->rate)) < 0)
+		}
+		if (usx2y->rate != runtime->rate) {
+			err = usx2y_rate_set(usx2y, runtime->rate);
+			if (err < 0)
 				goto up_prepare_mutex;
+		}
 		snd_printdd("starting capture pipe for %s\n", subs == capsubs ?
 			    "self" : "playpipe");
-		if (0 > (err = usX2Y_usbpcm_urbs_start(capsubs)))
+		err = usx2y_usbpcm_urbs_start(capsubs);
+		if (err < 0)
 			goto up_prepare_mutex;
 	}
 
 	if (subs != capsubs) {
-		usX2Y->hwdep_pcm_shm->playback_iso_start = -1;
-		if (atomic_read(&subs->state) < state_PREPARED) {
-			while (usX2Y_iso_frames_per_buffer(runtime, usX2Y) >
-			       usX2Y->hwdep_pcm_shm->captured_iso_frames) {
-				snd_printdd("Wait: iso_frames_per_buffer=%i,"
-					    "captured_iso_frames=%i\n",
-					    usX2Y_iso_frames_per_buffer(runtime, usX2Y),
-					    usX2Y->hwdep_pcm_shm->captured_iso_frames);
+		usx2y->hwdep_pcm_shm->playback_iso_start = -1;
+		if (atomic_read(&subs->state) < STATE_PREPARED) {
+			while (usx2y_iso_frames_per_buffer(runtime, usx2y) >
+			       usx2y->hwdep_pcm_shm->captured_iso_frames) {
+				snd_printdd("Wait: iso_frames_per_buffer=%i,captured_iso_frames=%i\n",
+					    usx2y_iso_frames_per_buffer(runtime, usx2y),
+					    usx2y->hwdep_pcm_shm->captured_iso_frames);
 				if (msleep_interruptible(10)) {
 					err = -ERESTARTSYS;
 					goto up_prepare_mutex;
 				}
-			} 
-			if (0 > (err = usX2Y_usbpcm_urbs_start(subs)))
+			}
+			err = usx2y_usbpcm_urbs_start(subs);
+			if (err < 0)
 				goto up_prepare_mutex;
 		}
 		snd_printdd("Ready: iso_frames_per_buffer=%i,captured_iso_frames=%i\n",
-			    usX2Y_iso_frames_per_buffer(runtime, usX2Y),
-			    usX2Y->hwdep_pcm_shm->captured_iso_frames);
-	} else
-		usX2Y->hwdep_pcm_shm->capture_iso_start = -1;
+			    usx2y_iso_frames_per_buffer(runtime, usx2y),
+			    usx2y->hwdep_pcm_shm->captured_iso_frames);
+	} else {
+		usx2y->hwdep_pcm_shm->capture_iso_start = -1;
+	}
 
  up_prepare_mutex:
-	mutex_unlock(&usX2Y->pcm_mutex);
+	mutex_unlock(&usx2y->pcm_mutex);
 	return err;
 }
 
-static const struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_usX2Y_4c =
-{
+static const struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_usx2y_4c = {
 	.info =			(SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP | SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED |
 				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_BLOCK_TRANSFER |
 				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID),
@@ -547,55 +583,53 @@ static const struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_usX2Y_4c =
 	.fifo_size =              0
 };
 
-
-
-static int snd_usX2Y_usbpcm_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+static int snd_usx2y_usbpcm_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 {
-	struct snd_usX2Y_substream	*subs = ((struct snd_usX2Y_substream **)
-					 snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream))[substream->stream];
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream	*subs =
+		((struct snd_usx2y_substream **)
+		 snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream))[substream->stream];
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime	*runtime = substream->runtime;
 
-	if (!(subs->usX2Y->chip_status & USX2Y_STAT_CHIP_MMAP_PCM_URBS))
+	if (!(subs->usx2y->chip_status & USX2Y_STAT_CHIP_MMAP_PCM_URBS))
 		return -EBUSY;
 
-	runtime->hw = SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK == substream->stream ? snd_usX2Y_2c :
-		(subs->usX2Y->subs[3] ? snd_usX2Y_4c : snd_usX2Y_2c);
+	if (substream->stream == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK)
+		runtime->hw = snd_usx2y_2c;
+	else
+		runtime->hw = (subs->usx2y->subs[3] ? snd_usx2y_4c : snd_usx2y_2c);
 	runtime->private_data = subs;
 	subs->pcm_substream = substream;
 	snd_pcm_hw_constraint_minmax(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_TIME, 1000, 200000);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-
-static int snd_usX2Y_usbpcm_close(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+static int snd_usx2y_usbpcm_close(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 {
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
-	struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs = runtime->private_data;
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs = runtime->private_data;
 
 	subs->pcm_substream = NULL;
 	return 0;
 }
 
-
-static const struct snd_pcm_ops snd_usX2Y_usbpcm_ops =
-{
-	.open =		snd_usX2Y_usbpcm_open,
-	.close =	snd_usX2Y_usbpcm_close,
-	.hw_params =	snd_usX2Y_pcm_hw_params,
-	.hw_free =	snd_usX2Y_usbpcm_hw_free,
-	.prepare =	snd_usX2Y_usbpcm_prepare,
-	.trigger =	snd_usX2Y_pcm_trigger,
-	.pointer =	snd_usX2Y_pcm_pointer,
+static const struct snd_pcm_ops snd_usx2y_usbpcm_ops = {
+	.open =		snd_usx2y_usbpcm_open,
+	.close =	snd_usx2y_usbpcm_close,
+	.hw_params =	snd_usx2y_pcm_hw_params,
+	.hw_free =	snd_usx2y_usbpcm_hw_free,
+	.prepare =	snd_usx2y_usbpcm_prepare,
+	.trigger =	snd_usx2y_pcm_trigger,
+	.pointer =	snd_usx2y_pcm_pointer,
 };
 
-
-static int usX2Y_pcms_busy_check(struct snd_card *card)
+static int usx2y_pcms_busy_check(struct snd_card *card)
 {
-	struct usX2Ydev	*dev = usX2Y(card);
+	struct usx2ydev	*dev = usx2y(card);
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs;
 	int i;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < dev->pcm_devs * 2; i++) {
-		struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs = dev->subs[i];
+		subs = dev->subs[i];
 		if (subs && subs->pcm_substream &&
 		    SUBSTREAM_BUSY(subs->pcm_substream))
 			return -EBUSY;
@@ -603,125 +637,120 @@ static int usX2Y_pcms_busy_check(struct snd_card *card)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int snd_usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_open(struct snd_hwdep *hw, struct file *file)
+static int snd_usx2y_hwdep_pcm_open(struct snd_hwdep *hw, struct file *file)
 {
 	struct snd_card *card = hw->card;
 	int err;
 
-	mutex_lock(&usX2Y(card)->pcm_mutex);
-	err = usX2Y_pcms_busy_check(card);
+	mutex_lock(&usx2y(card)->pcm_mutex);
+	err = usx2y_pcms_busy_check(card);
 	if (!err)
-		usX2Y(card)->chip_status |= USX2Y_STAT_CHIP_MMAP_PCM_URBS;
-	mutex_unlock(&usX2Y(card)->pcm_mutex);
+		usx2y(card)->chip_status |= USX2Y_STAT_CHIP_MMAP_PCM_URBS;
+	mutex_unlock(&usx2y(card)->pcm_mutex);
 	return err;
 }
 
-
-static int snd_usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_release(struct snd_hwdep *hw, struct file *file)
+static int snd_usx2y_hwdep_pcm_release(struct snd_hwdep *hw, struct file *file)
 {
 	struct snd_card *card = hw->card;
 	int err;
 
-	mutex_lock(&usX2Y(card)->pcm_mutex);
-	err = usX2Y_pcms_busy_check(card);
+	mutex_lock(&usx2y(card)->pcm_mutex);
+	err = usx2y_pcms_busy_check(card);
 	if (!err)
-		usX2Y(hw->card)->chip_status &= ~USX2Y_STAT_CHIP_MMAP_PCM_URBS;
-	mutex_unlock(&usX2Y(card)->pcm_mutex);
+		usx2y(hw->card)->chip_status &= ~USX2Y_STAT_CHIP_MMAP_PCM_URBS;
+	mutex_unlock(&usx2y(card)->pcm_mutex);
 	return err;
 }
 
-
-static void snd_usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_vm_open(struct vm_area_struct *area)
+static void snd_usx2y_hwdep_pcm_vm_open(struct vm_area_struct *area)
 {
 }
 
-
-static void snd_usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_vm_close(struct vm_area_struct *area)
+static void snd_usx2y_hwdep_pcm_vm_close(struct vm_area_struct *area)
 {
 }
 
-
-static vm_fault_t snd_usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_vm_fault(struct vm_fault *vmf)
+static vm_fault_t snd_usx2y_hwdep_pcm_vm_fault(struct vm_fault *vmf)
 {
 	unsigned long offset;
 	void *vaddr;
 
 	offset = vmf->pgoff << PAGE_SHIFT;
-	vaddr = (char *)((struct usX2Ydev *)vmf->vma->vm_private_data)->hwdep_pcm_shm + offset;
+	vaddr = (char *)((struct usx2ydev *)vmf->vma->vm_private_data)->hwdep_pcm_shm + offset;
 	vmf->page = virt_to_page(vaddr);
 	get_page(vmf->page);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-
-static const struct vm_operations_struct snd_usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_vm_ops = {
-	.open = snd_usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_vm_open,
-	.close = snd_usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_vm_close,
-	.fault = snd_usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_vm_fault,
+static const struct vm_operations_struct snd_usx2y_hwdep_pcm_vm_ops = {
+	.open = snd_usx2y_hwdep_pcm_vm_open,
+	.close = snd_usx2y_hwdep_pcm_vm_close,
+	.fault = snd_usx2y_hwdep_pcm_vm_fault,
 };
 
-
-static int snd_usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_mmap(struct snd_hwdep * hw, struct file *filp, struct vm_area_struct *area)
+static int snd_usx2y_hwdep_pcm_mmap(struct snd_hwdep *hw, struct file *filp, struct vm_area_struct *area)
 {
 	unsigned long	size = (unsigned long)(area->vm_end - area->vm_start);
-	struct usX2Ydev	*usX2Y = hw->private_data;
+	struct usx2ydev	*usx2y = hw->private_data;
 
-	if (!(usX2Y->chip_status & USX2Y_STAT_CHIP_INIT))
+	if (!(usx2y->chip_status & USX2Y_STAT_CHIP_INIT))
 		return -EBUSY;
 
-	/* if userspace tries to mmap beyond end of our buffer, fail */ 
-	if (size > PAGE_ALIGN(sizeof(struct snd_usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_shm))) {
-		snd_printd("%lu > %lu\n", size, (unsigned long)sizeof(struct snd_usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_shm)); 
+	/* if userspace tries to mmap beyond end of our buffer, fail */
+	if (size > USX2Y_HWDEP_PCM_PAGES) {
+		snd_printd("%lu > %lu\n", size, (unsigned long)USX2Y_HWDEP_PCM_PAGES);
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
 
-	if (!usX2Y->hwdep_pcm_shm) {
+	if (!usx2y->hwdep_pcm_shm)
 		return -ENODEV;
-	}
-	area->vm_ops = &snd_usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_vm_ops;
+
+	area->vm_ops = &snd_usx2y_hwdep_pcm_vm_ops;
 	area->vm_flags |= VM_DONTEXPAND | VM_DONTDUMP;
 	area->vm_private_data = hw->private_data;
 	return 0;
 }
 
-
-static void snd_usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_private_free(struct snd_hwdep *hwdep)
+static void snd_usx2y_hwdep_pcm_private_free(struct snd_hwdep *hwdep)
 {
-	struct usX2Ydev *usX2Y = hwdep->private_data;
-	if (NULL != usX2Y->hwdep_pcm_shm)
-		free_pages_exact(usX2Y->hwdep_pcm_shm, sizeof(struct snd_usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_shm));
-}
+	struct usx2ydev *usx2y = hwdep->private_data;
 
+	if (usx2y->hwdep_pcm_shm)
+		free_pages_exact(usx2y->hwdep_pcm_shm, USX2Y_HWDEP_PCM_PAGES);
+}
 
-int usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_new(struct snd_card *card)
+int usx2y_hwdep_pcm_new(struct snd_card *card)
 {
 	int err;
 	struct snd_hwdep *hw;
 	struct snd_pcm *pcm;
-	struct usb_device *dev = usX2Y(card)->dev;
-	if (1 != nr_of_packs())
+	struct usb_device *dev = usx2y(card)->dev;
+
+	if (nr_of_packs() != 1)
 		return 0;
 
-	if ((err = snd_hwdep_new(card, SND_USX2Y_USBPCM_ID, 1, &hw)) < 0)
+	err = snd_hwdep_new(card, SND_USX2Y_USBPCM_ID, 1, &hw);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	hw->iface = SNDRV_HWDEP_IFACE_USX2Y_PCM;
-	hw->private_data = usX2Y(card);
-	hw->private_free = snd_usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_private_free;
-	hw->ops.open = snd_usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_open;
-	hw->ops.release = snd_usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_release;
-	hw->ops.mmap = snd_usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_mmap;
+	hw->private_data = usx2y(card);
+	hw->private_free = snd_usx2y_hwdep_pcm_private_free;
+	hw->ops.open = snd_usx2y_hwdep_pcm_open;
+	hw->ops.release = snd_usx2y_hwdep_pcm_release;
+	hw->ops.mmap = snd_usx2y_hwdep_pcm_mmap;
 	hw->exclusive = 1;
 	sprintf(hw->name, "/dev/bus/usb/%03d/%03d/hwdeppcm", dev->bus->busnum, dev->devnum);
 
 	err = snd_pcm_new(card, NAME_ALLCAPS" hwdep Audio", 2, 1, 1, &pcm);
-	if (err < 0) {
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
-	}
-	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, &snd_usX2Y_usbpcm_ops);
-	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE, &snd_usX2Y_usbpcm_ops);
 
-	pcm->private_data = usX2Y(card)->subs;
+	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, &snd_usx2y_usbpcm_ops);
+	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE, &snd_usx2y_usbpcm_ops);
+
+	pcm->private_data = usx2y(card)->subs;
 	pcm->info_flags = 0;
 
 	sprintf(pcm->name, NAME_ALLCAPS" hwdep Audio");
@@ -739,7 +768,7 @@ int usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_new(struct snd_card *card)
 
 #else
 
-int usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_new(struct snd_card *card)
+int usx2y_hwdep_pcm_new(struct snd_card *card)
 {
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/sound/usb/usx2y/usx2yhwdeppcm.h b/sound/usb/usx2y/usx2yhwdeppcm.h
index eb5a46466f0e..731b1c5a3474 100644
--- a/sound/usb/usx2y/usx2yhwdeppcm.h
+++ b/sound/usb/usx2y/usx2yhwdeppcm.h
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 #define MAXSTRIDE 3
 
 #define SSS (((MAXPACK*MAXBUFFERMS*MAXSTRIDE + 4096) / 4096) * 4096)
-struct snd_usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_shm {
+struct snd_usx2y_hwdep_pcm_shm {
 	char playback[SSS];
 	char capture0x8[SSS];
 	char capture0xA[SSS];
@@ -20,4 +20,4 @@ struct snd_usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_shm {
 	int capture_iso_start;
 };
 
-int usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_new(struct snd_card *card);
+int usx2y_hwdep_pcm_new(struct snd_card *card);
author	Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>	2021-07-01 08:34:15 +0200
committer	Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>	2021-07-01 08:34:15 +0200
commit	498386d1c4d98a72db7a2f51473593ad563b45ae (patch)
tree	f94e6b211b9a50106e6e047cd992ae3e209ef007 /sound
parent	5c6d4f97267f02f47acea8a652265348ec12de51 (diff)
parent	dfc2e8ae4066a95c7f9c2bb2dfa26651feaa6b83 (diff)