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2024-02-29leaking_addresses: Provide mechanism to scan binary filesKees Cook
Introduce --kallsyms argument for scanning binary files for known symbol addresses. This would have found the exposure in /sys/kernel/notes: $ scripts/leaking_addresses.pl --kallsyms=<(sudo cat /proc/kallsyms) /sys/kernel/notes: hypercall_page @ 156 /sys/kernel/notes: xen_hypercall_set_trap_table @ 156 /sys/kernel/notes: startup_xen @ 132 Acked-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> Reviewed-by: Tycho Andersen <tandersen@netflix.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240222220053.1475824-4-keescook@chromium.org Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
2024-02-29leaking_addresses: Ignore input device status linesKees Cook
These are false positives from the input subsystem: /proc/bus/input/devices: B: KEY=402000000 3803078f800d001 feffffdfffefffff fffffffffffffffe /sys/devices/platform/i8042/serio0/input/input1/uevent: KEY=402000000 3803078f800d001 feffffdfffefffff fffffffffffffffe /sys/devices/platform/i8042/serio0/input/input1/capabilities/key: 402000000 3803078f800d001 feffffdf Pass in the filename for more context and expand the "ignored pattern" matcher to notice these. Reviewed-by: Tycho Andersen <tandersen@netflix.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240222220053.1475824-3-keescook@chromium.org Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
2024-02-29leaking_addresses: Use File::Temp for /tmp filesKees Cook
Instead of using a statically named path in /tmp, use File::Temp to create (and remove) the temporary file used for parsing /proc/config.gz. Reviewed-by: Tycho Andersen <tandersen@netflix.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240222220053.1475824-2-keescook@chromium.org Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
2023-03-29leaking_addresses: also skip canonical ftrace pathRoss Zwisler
The canonical location for the tracefs filesystem is at /sys/kernel/tracing. But, from Documentation/trace/ftrace.rst: Before 4.1, all ftrace tracing control files were within the debugfs file system, which is typically located at /sys/kernel/debug/tracing. For backward compatibility, when mounting the debugfs file system, the tracefs file system will be automatically mounted at: /sys/kernel/debug/tracing scripts/leaking_addresses.pl only skipped this older debugfs path, so let's add the canonical path as well. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230313211746.1541525-2-zwisler@kernel.org Cc: "Tobin C. Harding" <me@tobin.cc> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com> Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org> Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com> Cc: Shuah Khan <shuah@kernel.org> Acked-by: Tycho Andersen <tycho@tycho.pizza> Reviewed-by: Steven Rostedt (Google) <rostedt@goodmis.org> Signed-off-by: Ross Zwisler <zwisler@google.com> Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
2021-10-15leaking_addresses: Always print a trailing newlineKees Cook
For files that lack trailing newlines and match a leaking address (e.g. wchan[1]), the leaking_addresses.pl report would run together with the next line, making things look corrupted. Unconditionally remove the newline on input, and write it back out on output. [1] https://lore.kernel.org/all/20210103142726.GC30643@xsang-OptiPlex-9020/ Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20211008111626.151570317@infradead.org
2019-05-30treewide: Replace GPLv2 boilerplate/reference with SPDX - rule 166Thomas Gleixner
Based on 1 normalized pattern(s): licensed under the terms of the gnu gpl license version 2 extracted by the scancode license scanner the SPDX license identifier GPL-2.0-only has been chosen to replace the boilerplate/reference in 62 file(s). Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Reviewed-by: Allison Randal <allison@lohutok.net> Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org> Reviewed-by: Richard Fontana <rfontana@redhat.com> Cc: linux-spdx@vger.kernel.org Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190527070033.929121379@linutronix.de Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2019-03-07leaking_addresses: Completely remove --version flagTobin C. Harding
Recently attempt to remove the '--version' flag was made, badly. We failed to remove mention of it from the help output. And we (me) failed to actually remove the flag from the options list. _Completely_ remove --version flag.
2019-03-07leaking_addresses: Fix calls to dprintTobin C. Harding
Currently calls to function dprint() are non uniform and at times incorrect. Use uniform _correct_ call to function dprint(). Signed-off-by: Tobin C. Harding <tobin@kernel.org>
2018-04-07leaking_addresses: check if file name contains addressTobin C. Harding
Sometimes files may be created by using output from printk. As the scan traverses the directory tree we should parse each path name and check if it is leaking an address. Add check for leaking address on each path name. Suggested-by: Tycho Andersen <tycho@tycho.ws> Acked-by: Tycho Andersen <tycho@tycho.ws> Signed-off-by: Tobin C. Harding <me@tobin.cc>
2018-04-07leaking_addresses: explicitly name variable used in regexTobin C. Harding
Currently sub routine may_leak_address() is checking regex against Perl special variable $_ which is _fortunately_ being set correctly in a loop before this sub routine is called. We already have declared a variable to hold this value '$line' we should use it. Use $line in regex match instead of implicit $_ Signed-off-by: Tobin C. Harding <me@tobin.cc>
2018-04-07leaking_addresses: remove version numberTobin C. Harding
We have git now, we don't need a version number. This was originally added because leaking_addresses.pl shamelessly (and mindlessly) copied checkpatch.pl Remove version number from script. Signed-off-by: Tobin C. Harding <me@tobin.cc>
2018-04-07leaking_addresses: skip '/proc/1/syscall'Tobin C. Harding
The pointers listed in /proc/1/syscall are user pointers, and negative syscall args will show up like kernel addresses. For example /proc/31808/syscall: 0 0x3 0x55b107a38180 0x2000 0xffffffffffffffb0 \ 0x55b107a302d0 0x55b107a38180 0x7fffa313b8e8 0x7ff098560d11 Skip parsing /proc/1/syscall Suggested-by: Tycho Andersen <tycho@tycho.ws> Signed-off-by: Tobin C. Harding <me@tobin.cc>
2018-04-07leaking_addresses: skip all /proc/PID except /proc/1Tobin C. Harding
When the system is idle it is likely that most files under /proc/PID will be identical for various processes. Scanning _all_ the PIDs under /proc is unnecessary and implies that we are thoroughly scanning /proc. This is _not_ the case because there may be ways userspace can trigger creation of /proc files that leak addresses but were not present during a scan. For these two reasons we should exclude all PID directories under /proc except '1/' Exclude all /proc/PID except /proc/1. Signed-off-by: Tobin C. Harding <me@tobin.cc>
2018-04-07leaking_addresses: cache architecture nameTobin C. Harding
Currently we are repeatedly calling `uname -m`. This is causing the script to take a long time to run (more than 10 seconds to parse /proc/kallsyms). We can use Perl state variables to cache the result of the first call to `uname -m`. With this change in place the script scans the whole kernel in under a minute. Cache machine architecture in state variable. Signed-off-by: Tobin C. Harding <me@tobin.cc>
2018-04-07leaking_addresses: simplify path skippingTobin C. Harding
Currently script has multiple configuration arrays. This is confusing, evident by the fact that a bunch of the entries are in the wrong place. We can simplify the code by just having a single array for absolute paths to skip and a single array for file names to skip wherever they appear in the scanned directory tree. There are also currently multiple subroutines to handle the different arrays, we can reduce these to a single subroutine also. Simplify the path skipping code. Signed-off-by: Tobin C. Harding <me@tobin.cc>
2018-04-07leaking_addresses: do not parse binary filesTobin C. Harding
Currently script parses binary files. Since we are scanning for readable kernel addresses there is no need to parse binary files. We can use Perl to check if file is binary and skip parsing it if so. Do not parse binary files. Signed-off-by: Tobin C. Harding <me@tobin.cc>
2018-04-07leaking_addresses: add 32-bit supportTobin C. Harding
Currently script only supports x86_64 and ppc64. It would be nice to be able to scan 32-bit machines also. We can add support for 32-bit architectures by modifying how we check for false positives, taking advantage of the page offset used by the kernel, and using the correct regular expression. Support for 32-bit machines is enabled by the observation that the kernel addresses on 32-bit machines are larger [in value] than the page offset. We can use this to filter false positives when scanning the kernel for leaking addresses. Programmatic determination of the running architecture is not immediately obvious (current 32-bit machines return various strings from `uname -m`). We therefore provide a flag to enable scanning of 32-bit kernels. Also we can check the kernel config file for the offset and if not found default to 0xc0000000. A command line option to parse in the page offset is also provided. We do automatically detect architecture if running on ix86. Add support for 32-bit kernels. Add a command line option for page offset. Suggested-by: Kaiwan N Billimoria <kaiwan.billimoria@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Tobin C. Harding <me@tobin.cc>
2018-04-07leaking_addresses: add is_arch() wrapper subroutineTobin C. Harding
Currently there is duplicate code when checking the architecture type. We can remove the duplication by implementing a wrapper function is_arch(). Implement and use wrapper function is_arch(). Signed-off-by: Tobin C. Harding <me@tobin.cc>
2018-04-07leaking_addresses: use system command to get archTobin C. Harding
Currently script uses Perl to get the machine architecture. This can be erroneous since Perl uses the architecture of the machine that Perl was compiled on not the architecture of the running machine. We should use the systems `uname` command instead. Use `uname -m` instead of Perl to get the machine architecture. Signed-off-by: Tobin C. Harding <me@tobin.cc>
2018-04-07leaking_addresses: add support for 5 page table levelsTobin C. Harding
Currently script only supports 4 page table levels because of the way the kernel address regular expression is crafted. We can do better than this. Using previously added support for kernel configuration options we can get the number of page table levels defined by CONFIG_PGTABLE_LEVELS. Using this value a correct regular expression can be crafted. This only supports 5 page tables on x86_64. Add support for 5 page table levels on x86_64. Signed-off-by: Tobin C. Harding <me@tobin.cc>
2018-04-07leaking_addresses: add support for kernel config fileTobin C. Harding
Features that rely on the ability to get kernel configuration options are ready to be implemented in script. In preparation for this we can add support for kernel config options as a separate patch to ease review. Add support for locating and parsing kernel configuration file. Signed-off-by: Tobin C. Harding <me@tobin.cc>
2018-04-07leaking_addresses: add range check for vsyscall memoryTobin C. Harding
Currently script checks only first and last address in the vsyscall memory range. We can do better than this. When checking for false positives against $match, we can convert $match to a hexadecimal value then check if it lies within the range of vsyscall addresses. Check whole range of vsyscall addresses when checking for false positive. Signed-off-by: Tobin C. Harding <me@tobin.cc>
2018-04-07leaking_addresses: indent dependant optionsTobin C. Harding
A number of the command line options to script are dependant on the option --input-raw being set. If we indent these options it makes explicit this dependency. Indent options dependant on --input-raw. Signed-off-by: Tobin C. Harding <me@tobin.cc>
2018-04-07leaking_addresses: remove command examplesTobin C. Harding
Currently help output includes command examples. These were cute when we first started development of this script but are unnecessary. Remove command examples. Signed-off-by: Tobin C. Harding <me@tobin.cc>
2018-04-07leaking_addresses: remove mention of kptr_restrictTobin C. Harding
leaking_addresses.pl can be run with kptr_restrict==0 now, we don't need the comment about setting kptr_restrict any more. Remove comment suggesting setting kptr_restrict. Signed-off-by: Tobin C. Harding <me@tobin.cc>
2018-04-07leaking_addresses: fix typo function not calledTobin C. Harding
Currently code uses a check against an undefined variable because the variable is a sub routine name and is not evaluated. Evaluate subroutine; add parenthesis to sub routine name. Signed-off-by: Tobin C. Harding <me@tobin.cc>
2017-11-14leaking_addresses: add SigIgn to false positivesTobin C. Harding
Signal masks are false positives, we already check for SigBlk and SigCgt but we missed SigIgn. Add SigIgn to false positive check. Signed-off-by: Tobin C. Harding <me@tobin.cc>
2017-11-14leaking_addresses: add timeout on file readTobin C. Harding
Currently script can stall if we read certain files (like /proc/kmsg). While we have a mechanism to skip these files once they are discovered it would be nice to not stall on as yet undiscovered files of this kind. Set a timer before each file is parsed, warn user if timer expires. Suggested-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Signed-off-by: Tobin C. Harding <me@tobin.cc>
2017-11-14leaking_addresses: add support for ppc64Tobin C. Harding
Currently script is targeted at x86_64. We can support other architectures by using the correct regular expressions for each architecture. Add the infrastructure to support multiple architectures. Add support for ppc64. Signed-off-by: Tobin C. Harding <me@tobin.cc>
2017-11-14leaking_addresses: add summary reporting optionsTobin C. Harding
Currently script just dumps all results found. Potentially, this risks losing single results among multiple duplicate results. We need some way of restricting duplicates to assist users of the script. It would also be nice if we got a report instead of raw results. Duplicates can be defined in various ways, instead of trying to find a single perfect solution we can present the user with various options to display the output. Doing so will typically lead to users wanting to view the output multiple times. Currently we scan the kernel each time, this is slow and unnecessary. We can expedite the process by writing the results to file for subsequent viewing. Add command line options to enable summary reporting, including options to write to and read from file. Signed-off-by: Tobin C. Harding <me@tobin.cc>
2017-11-14leaking_addresses: add to exclude files/paths listTobin C. Harding
There are a couple more files that cause the script to stall. /sys/firmware/devicetree and its symlink /proc/device-tree, reported by Michael Ellerman. usbmon should be skipped were ever it appears. Reported by Kees Cook Add files to be excluded from parsing. Signed-off-by: Tobin C. Harding <me@tobin.cc>
2017-11-14leaking_addresses: fix comment string typoTobin C. Harding
Fix typo in comment string. Signed-off-by: Tobin C. Harding <me@tobin.cc>
2017-11-14leaking_addresses: remove command line optionsTobin C. Harding
Currently script accepts files to skip. This was added to make running the script faster (for repeat runs). We can remove this functionality in preparation for adding sub commands (scan and format) to the script. Remove command line options. Signed-off-by: Tobin C. Harding <me@tobin.cc>
2017-11-14leaking_addresses: remove dead/unused codeTobin C. Harding
debug_arrays is not called. Also, %seen hash is not used. We should remove unused code. Remove dead code. Signed-off-by: Tobin C. Harding <me@tobin.cc>
2017-11-14leaking_addresses: use tabs instead of spacesTobin C. Harding
Current code uses spaces instead of tabs in places. Use tabs instead of spaces. Signed-off-by: Tobin C. Harding <me@tobin.cc>
2017-11-06scripts: add leaking_addresses.plTobin C. Harding
Currently we are leaking addresses from the kernel to user space. This script is an attempt to find some of those leakages. Script parses `dmesg` output and /proc and /sys files for hex strings that look like kernel addresses. Only works for 64 bit kernels, the reason being that kernel addresses on 64 bit kernels have 'ffff' as the leading bit pattern making greping possible. On 32 kernels we don't have this luxury. Scripts is _slightly_ smarter than a straight grep, we check for false positives (all 0's or all 1's, and vsyscall start/finish addresses). [ I think there is a lot of room for improvement here, but it's already useful, so I'm merging it as-is. The whole "hash %p format" series is expected to go into 4.15, but will not fix %x users, and will not incentivize people to look at what they are leaking. - Linus ] Signed-off-by: Tobin C. Harding <me@tobin.cc> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>