From ee8413b01045c74340aa13ad5bdf905de32be736 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Takashi Iwai Date: Wed, 13 Jan 2016 21:35:06 +0100 Subject: ALSA: timer: Fix double unlink of active_list ALSA timer instance object has a couple of linked lists and they are unlinked unconditionally at snd_timer_stop(). Meanwhile snd_timer_interrupt() unlinks it, but it calls list_del() which leaves the element list itself unchanged. This ends up with unlinking twice, and it was caught by syzkaller fuzzer. The fix is to use list_del_init() variant properly there, too. Reported-by: Dmitry Vyukov Tested-by: Dmitry Vyukov Cc: Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai --- sound/core/timer.c | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) (limited to 'sound/core/timer.c') diff --git a/sound/core/timer.c b/sound/core/timer.c index 31f40f03e5b7..9241784dfe7d 100644 --- a/sound/core/timer.c +++ b/sound/core/timer.c @@ -694,7 +694,7 @@ void snd_timer_interrupt(struct snd_timer * timer, unsigned long ticks_left) } else { ti->flags &= ~SNDRV_TIMER_IFLG_RUNNING; if (--timer->running) - list_del(&ti->active_list); + list_del_init(&ti->active_list); } if ((timer->hw.flags & SNDRV_TIMER_HW_TASKLET) || (ti->flags & SNDRV_TIMER_IFLG_FAST)) -- cgit v1.2.3 From af368027a49a751d6ff4ee9e3f9961f35bb4fede Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Takashi Iwai Date: Wed, 13 Jan 2016 17:48:01 +0100 Subject: ALSA: timer: Fix race among timer ioctls ALSA timer ioctls have an open race and this may lead to a use-after-free of timer instance object. A simplistic fix is to make each ioctl exclusive. We have already tread_sem for controlling the tread, and extend this as a global mutex to be applied to each ioctl. The downside is, of course, the worse concurrency. But these ioctls aren't to be parallel accessible, in anyway, so it should be fine to serialize there. Reported-by: Dmitry Vyukov Tested-by: Dmitry Vyukov Cc: Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai --- sound/core/timer.c | 32 +++++++++++++++++++------------- 1 file changed, 19 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-) (limited to 'sound/core/timer.c') diff --git a/sound/core/timer.c b/sound/core/timer.c index 9241784dfe7d..3810ee8f1205 100644 --- a/sound/core/timer.c +++ b/sound/core/timer.c @@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ struct snd_timer_user { struct timespec tstamp; /* trigger tstamp */ wait_queue_head_t qchange_sleep; struct fasync_struct *fasync; - struct mutex tread_sem; + struct mutex ioctl_lock; }; /* list of timers */ @@ -1253,7 +1253,7 @@ static int snd_timer_user_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file) return -ENOMEM; spin_lock_init(&tu->qlock); init_waitqueue_head(&tu->qchange_sleep); - mutex_init(&tu->tread_sem); + mutex_init(&tu->ioctl_lock); tu->ticks = 1; tu->queue_size = 128; tu->queue = kmalloc(tu->queue_size * sizeof(struct snd_timer_read), @@ -1273,8 +1273,10 @@ static int snd_timer_user_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file) if (file->private_data) { tu = file->private_data; file->private_data = NULL; + mutex_lock(&tu->ioctl_lock); if (tu->timeri) snd_timer_close(tu->timeri); + mutex_unlock(&tu->ioctl_lock); kfree(tu->queue); kfree(tu->tqueue); kfree(tu); @@ -1512,7 +1514,6 @@ static int snd_timer_user_tselect(struct file *file, int err = 0; tu = file->private_data; - mutex_lock(&tu->tread_sem); if (tu->timeri) { snd_timer_close(tu->timeri); tu->timeri = NULL; @@ -1556,7 +1557,6 @@ static int snd_timer_user_tselect(struct file *file, } __err: - mutex_unlock(&tu->tread_sem); return err; } @@ -1769,7 +1769,7 @@ enum { SNDRV_TIMER_IOCTL_PAUSE_OLD = _IO('T', 0x23), }; -static long snd_timer_user_ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned int cmd, +static long __snd_timer_user_ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg) { struct snd_timer_user *tu; @@ -1786,17 +1786,11 @@ static long snd_timer_user_ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned int cmd, { int xarg; - mutex_lock(&tu->tread_sem); - if (tu->timeri) { /* too late */ - mutex_unlock(&tu->tread_sem); + if (tu->timeri) /* too late */ return -EBUSY; - } - if (get_user(xarg, p)) { - mutex_unlock(&tu->tread_sem); + if (get_user(xarg, p)) return -EFAULT; - } tu->tread = xarg ? 1 : 0; - mutex_unlock(&tu->tread_sem); return 0; } case SNDRV_TIMER_IOCTL_GINFO: @@ -1829,6 +1823,18 @@ static long snd_timer_user_ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned int cmd, return -ENOTTY; } +static long snd_timer_user_ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned int cmd, + unsigned long arg) +{ + struct snd_timer_user *tu = file->private_data; + long ret; + + mutex_lock(&tu->ioctl_lock); + ret = __snd_timer_user_ioctl(file, cmd, arg); + mutex_unlock(&tu->ioctl_lock); + return ret; +} + static int snd_timer_user_fasync(int fd, struct file * file, int on) { struct snd_timer_user *tu; -- cgit v1.2.3 From b5a663aa426f4884c71cd8580adae73f33570f0d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Takashi Iwai Date: Thu, 14 Jan 2016 16:30:58 +0100 Subject: ALSA: timer: Harden slave timer list handling A slave timer instance might be still accessible in a racy way while operating the master instance as it lacks of locking. Since the master operation is mostly protected with timer->lock, we should cope with it while changing the slave instance, too. Also, some linked lists (active_list and ack_list) of slave instances aren't unlinked immediately at stopping or closing, and this may lead to unexpected accesses. This patch tries to address these issues. It adds spin lock of timer->lock (either from master or slave, which is equivalent) in a few places. For avoiding a deadlock, we ensure that the global slave_active_lock is always locked at first before each timer lock. Also, ack and active_list of slave instances are properly unlinked at snd_timer_stop() and snd_timer_close(). Last but not least, remove the superfluous call of _snd_timer_stop() at removing slave links. This is a noop, and calling it may confuse readers wrt locking. Further cleanup will follow in a later patch. Actually we've got reports of use-after-free by syzkaller fuzzer, and this hopefully fixes these issues. Reported-by: Dmitry Vyukov Cc: Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai --- sound/core/timer.c | 18 ++++++++++++++---- 1 file changed, 14 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) (limited to 'sound/core/timer.c') diff --git a/sound/core/timer.c b/sound/core/timer.c index 3810ee8f1205..4e8d7bfffff6 100644 --- a/sound/core/timer.c +++ b/sound/core/timer.c @@ -215,11 +215,13 @@ static void snd_timer_check_master(struct snd_timer_instance *master) slave->slave_id == master->slave_id) { list_move_tail(&slave->open_list, &master->slave_list_head); spin_lock_irq(&slave_active_lock); + spin_lock(&master->timer->lock); slave->master = master; slave->timer = master->timer; if (slave->flags & SNDRV_TIMER_IFLG_RUNNING) list_add_tail(&slave->active_list, &master->slave_active_head); + spin_unlock(&master->timer->lock); spin_unlock_irq(&slave_active_lock); } } @@ -346,15 +348,18 @@ int snd_timer_close(struct snd_timer_instance *timeri) timer->hw.close) timer->hw.close(timer); /* remove slave links */ + spin_lock_irq(&slave_active_lock); + spin_lock(&timer->lock); list_for_each_entry_safe(slave, tmp, &timeri->slave_list_head, open_list) { - spin_lock_irq(&slave_active_lock); - _snd_timer_stop(slave, 1, SNDRV_TIMER_EVENT_RESOLUTION); list_move_tail(&slave->open_list, &snd_timer_slave_list); slave->master = NULL; slave->timer = NULL; - spin_unlock_irq(&slave_active_lock); + list_del_init(&slave->ack_list); + list_del_init(&slave->active_list); } + spin_unlock(&timer->lock); + spin_unlock_irq(&slave_active_lock); mutex_unlock(®ister_mutex); } out: @@ -441,9 +446,12 @@ static int snd_timer_start_slave(struct snd_timer_instance *timeri) spin_lock_irqsave(&slave_active_lock, flags); timeri->flags |= SNDRV_TIMER_IFLG_RUNNING; - if (timeri->master) + if (timeri->master && timeri->timer) { + spin_lock(&timeri->timer->lock); list_add_tail(&timeri->active_list, &timeri->master->slave_active_head); + spin_unlock(&timeri->timer->lock); + } spin_unlock_irqrestore(&slave_active_lock, flags); return 1; /* delayed start */ } @@ -489,6 +497,8 @@ static int _snd_timer_stop(struct snd_timer_instance * timeri, if (!keep_flag) { spin_lock_irqsave(&slave_active_lock, flags); timeri->flags &= ~SNDRV_TIMER_IFLG_RUNNING; + list_del_init(&timeri->ack_list); + list_del_init(&timeri->active_list); spin_unlock_irqrestore(&slave_active_lock, flags); } goto __end; -- cgit v1.2.3 From c3b1681375dc6e71d89a3ae00cc3ce9e775a8917 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Takashi Iwai Date: Thu, 14 Jan 2016 17:01:46 +0100 Subject: ALSA: timer: Code cleanup This is a minor code cleanup without any functional changes: - Kill keep_flag argument from _snd_timer_stop(), as all callers pass only it false. - Remove redundant NULL check in _snd_timer_stop(). Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai --- sound/core/timer.c | 28 +++++++++++----------------- 1 file changed, 11 insertions(+), 17 deletions(-) (limited to 'sound/core/timer.c') diff --git a/sound/core/timer.c b/sound/core/timer.c index 4e8d7bfffff6..cb25aded5349 100644 --- a/sound/core/timer.c +++ b/sound/core/timer.c @@ -301,8 +301,7 @@ int snd_timer_open(struct snd_timer_instance **ti, return 0; } -static int _snd_timer_stop(struct snd_timer_instance *timeri, - int keep_flag, int event); +static int _snd_timer_stop(struct snd_timer_instance *timeri, int event); /* * close a timer instance @@ -344,7 +343,7 @@ int snd_timer_close(struct snd_timer_instance *timeri) spin_unlock_irq(&timer->lock); mutex_lock(®ister_mutex); list_del(&timeri->open_list); - if (timer && list_empty(&timer->open_list_head) && + if (list_empty(&timer->open_list_head) && timer->hw.close) timer->hw.close(timer); /* remove slave links */ @@ -484,8 +483,7 @@ int snd_timer_start(struct snd_timer_instance *timeri, unsigned int ticks) return result; } -static int _snd_timer_stop(struct snd_timer_instance * timeri, - int keep_flag, int event) +static int _snd_timer_stop(struct snd_timer_instance *timeri, int event) { struct snd_timer *timer; unsigned long flags; @@ -494,13 +492,11 @@ static int _snd_timer_stop(struct snd_timer_instance * timeri, return -ENXIO; if (timeri->flags & SNDRV_TIMER_IFLG_SLAVE) { - if (!keep_flag) { - spin_lock_irqsave(&slave_active_lock, flags); - timeri->flags &= ~SNDRV_TIMER_IFLG_RUNNING; - list_del_init(&timeri->ack_list); - list_del_init(&timeri->active_list); - spin_unlock_irqrestore(&slave_active_lock, flags); - } + spin_lock_irqsave(&slave_active_lock, flags); + timeri->flags &= ~SNDRV_TIMER_IFLG_RUNNING; + list_del_init(&timeri->ack_list); + list_del_init(&timeri->active_list); + spin_unlock_irqrestore(&slave_active_lock, flags); goto __end; } timer = timeri->timer; @@ -521,9 +517,7 @@ static int _snd_timer_stop(struct snd_timer_instance * timeri, } } } - if (!keep_flag) - timeri->flags &= - ~(SNDRV_TIMER_IFLG_RUNNING | SNDRV_TIMER_IFLG_START); + timeri->flags &= ~(SNDRV_TIMER_IFLG_RUNNING | SNDRV_TIMER_IFLG_START); spin_unlock_irqrestore(&timer->lock, flags); __end: if (event != SNDRV_TIMER_EVENT_RESOLUTION) @@ -542,7 +536,7 @@ int snd_timer_stop(struct snd_timer_instance *timeri) unsigned long flags; int err; - err = _snd_timer_stop(timeri, 0, SNDRV_TIMER_EVENT_STOP); + err = _snd_timer_stop(timeri, SNDRV_TIMER_EVENT_STOP); if (err < 0) return err; timer = timeri->timer; @@ -586,7 +580,7 @@ int snd_timer_continue(struct snd_timer_instance *timeri) */ int snd_timer_pause(struct snd_timer_instance * timeri) { - return _snd_timer_stop(timeri, 0, SNDRV_TIMER_EVENT_PAUSE); + return _snd_timer_stop(timeri, SNDRV_TIMER_EVENT_PAUSE); } /* -- cgit v1.2.3 From 230323dac060123c340cf75997971145a42661ee Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Takashi Iwai Date: Thu, 21 Jan 2016 17:19:31 +0100 Subject: ALSA: timer: Handle disconnection more safely Currently ALSA timer device doesn't take the disconnection into account very well; it merely unlinks the timer device at disconnection callback but does nothing else. Because of this, when an application accessing the timer device is disconnected, it may release the resource before actually closed. In most cases, it results in a warning message indicating a leftover timer instance like: ALSA: timer xxxx is busy? But basically this is an open race. This patch tries to address it. The strategy is like other ALSA devices: namely, - Manage card's refcount at each open/close - Wake up the pending tasks at disconnection - Check the shutdown flag appropriately at each possible call Note that this patch has one ugly hack to handle the wakeup of pending tasks. It'd be cleaner to introduce a new disconnect op to snd_timer_instance ops. But since it would lead to internal ABI breakage and it eventually increase my own work when backporting to stable kernels, I took a different path to implement locally in timer.c. A cleanup patch will follow at next for 4.5 kernel. Bugzilla: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=109431 Cc: # v3.15+ Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai --- sound/core/timer.c | 48 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 48 insertions(+) (limited to 'sound/core/timer.c') diff --git a/sound/core/timer.c b/sound/core/timer.c index cb25aded5349..681fb051b9eb 100644 --- a/sound/core/timer.c +++ b/sound/core/timer.c @@ -65,6 +65,7 @@ struct snd_timer_user { int qtail; int qused; int queue_size; + bool disconnected; struct snd_timer_read *queue; struct snd_timer_tread *tqueue; spinlock_t qlock; @@ -290,6 +291,9 @@ int snd_timer_open(struct snd_timer_instance **ti, mutex_unlock(®ister_mutex); return -ENOMEM; } + /* take a card refcount for safe disconnection */ + if (timer->card) + get_device(&timer->card->card_dev); timeri->slave_class = tid->dev_sclass; timeri->slave_id = slave_id; if (list_empty(&timer->open_list_head) && timer->hw.open) @@ -359,6 +363,9 @@ int snd_timer_close(struct snd_timer_instance *timeri) } spin_unlock(&timer->lock); spin_unlock_irq(&slave_active_lock); + /* release a card refcount for safe disconnection */ + if (timer->card) + put_device(&timer->card->card_dev); mutex_unlock(®ister_mutex); } out: @@ -474,6 +481,8 @@ int snd_timer_start(struct snd_timer_instance *timeri, unsigned int ticks) timer = timeri->timer; if (timer == NULL) return -EINVAL; + if (timer->card && timer->card->shutdown) + return -ENODEV; spin_lock_irqsave(&timer->lock, flags); timeri->ticks = timeri->cticks = ticks; timeri->pticks = 0; @@ -505,6 +514,10 @@ static int _snd_timer_stop(struct snd_timer_instance *timeri, int event) spin_lock_irqsave(&timer->lock, flags); list_del_init(&timeri->ack_list); list_del_init(&timeri->active_list); + if (timer->card && timer->card->shutdown) { + spin_unlock_irqrestore(&timer->lock, flags); + return 0; + } if ((timeri->flags & SNDRV_TIMER_IFLG_RUNNING) && !(--timer->running)) { timer->hw.stop(timer); @@ -565,6 +578,8 @@ int snd_timer_continue(struct snd_timer_instance *timeri) timer = timeri->timer; if (! timer) return -EINVAL; + if (timer->card && timer->card->shutdown) + return -ENODEV; spin_lock_irqsave(&timer->lock, flags); if (!timeri->cticks) timeri->cticks = 1; @@ -628,6 +643,9 @@ static void snd_timer_tasklet(unsigned long arg) unsigned long resolution, ticks; unsigned long flags; + if (timer->card && timer->card->shutdown) + return; + spin_lock_irqsave(&timer->lock, flags); /* now process all callbacks */ while (!list_empty(&timer->sack_list_head)) { @@ -668,6 +686,9 @@ void snd_timer_interrupt(struct snd_timer * timer, unsigned long ticks_left) if (timer == NULL) return; + if (timer->card && timer->card->shutdown) + return; + spin_lock_irqsave(&timer->lock, flags); /* remember the current resolution */ @@ -878,11 +899,28 @@ static int snd_timer_dev_register(struct snd_device *dev) return 0; } +/* just for reference in snd_timer_dev_disconnect() below */ +static void snd_timer_user_ccallback(struct snd_timer_instance *timeri, + int event, struct timespec *tstamp, + unsigned long resolution); + static int snd_timer_dev_disconnect(struct snd_device *device) { struct snd_timer *timer = device->device_data; + struct snd_timer_instance *ti; + mutex_lock(®ister_mutex); list_del_init(&timer->device_list); + /* wake up pending sleepers */ + list_for_each_entry(ti, &timer->open_list_head, open_list) { + /* FIXME: better to have a ti.disconnect() op */ + if (ti->ccallback == snd_timer_user_ccallback) { + struct snd_timer_user *tu = ti->callback_data; + + tu->disconnected = true; + wake_up(&tu->qchange_sleep); + } + } mutex_unlock(®ister_mutex); return 0; } @@ -893,6 +931,8 @@ void snd_timer_notify(struct snd_timer *timer, int event, struct timespec *tstam unsigned long resolution = 0; struct snd_timer_instance *ti, *ts; + if (timer->card && timer->card->shutdown) + return; if (! (timer->hw.flags & SNDRV_TIMER_HW_SLAVE)) return; if (snd_BUG_ON(event < SNDRV_TIMER_EVENT_MSTART || @@ -1051,6 +1091,8 @@ static void snd_timer_proc_read(struct snd_info_entry *entry, mutex_lock(®ister_mutex); list_for_each_entry(timer, &snd_timer_list, device_list) { + if (timer->card && timer->card->shutdown) + continue; switch (timer->tmr_class) { case SNDRV_TIMER_CLASS_GLOBAL: snd_iprintf(buffer, "G%i: ", timer->tmr_device); @@ -1876,6 +1918,10 @@ static ssize_t snd_timer_user_read(struct file *file, char __user *buffer, remove_wait_queue(&tu->qchange_sleep, &wait); + if (tu->disconnected) { + err = -ENODEV; + break; + } if (signal_pending(current)) { err = -ERESTARTSYS; break; @@ -1925,6 +1971,8 @@ static unsigned int snd_timer_user_poll(struct file *file, poll_table * wait) mask = 0; if (tu->qused) mask |= POLLIN | POLLRDNORM; + if (tu->disconnected) + mask |= POLLERR; return mask; } -- cgit v1.2.3 From 40ed9444cd2421cceedb35bb8d8ff913a5ae1ac3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Takashi Iwai Date: Thu, 21 Jan 2016 17:43:08 +0100 Subject: ALSA: timer: Introduce disconnect op to snd_timer_instance Instead of the previous ugly hack, introduce a new op, disconnect, to snd_timer_instance object for handling the wake up of pending tasks more cleanly. Bugzilla: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=109431 Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai --- include/sound/timer.h | 1 + sound/core/timer.c | 23 +++++++++++------------ 2 files changed, 12 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-) (limited to 'sound/core/timer.c') diff --git a/include/sound/timer.h b/include/sound/timer.h index 7990469a44ce..c4d76ff056c6 100644 --- a/include/sound/timer.h +++ b/include/sound/timer.h @@ -104,6 +104,7 @@ struct snd_timer_instance { int event, struct timespec * tstamp, unsigned long resolution); + void (*disconnect)(struct snd_timer_instance *timeri); void *callback_data; unsigned long ticks; /* auto-load ticks when expired */ unsigned long cticks; /* current ticks */ diff --git a/sound/core/timer.c b/sound/core/timer.c index 681fb051b9eb..af1f68f7e315 100644 --- a/sound/core/timer.c +++ b/sound/core/timer.c @@ -899,11 +899,6 @@ static int snd_timer_dev_register(struct snd_device *dev) return 0; } -/* just for reference in snd_timer_dev_disconnect() below */ -static void snd_timer_user_ccallback(struct snd_timer_instance *timeri, - int event, struct timespec *tstamp, - unsigned long resolution); - static int snd_timer_dev_disconnect(struct snd_device *device) { struct snd_timer *timer = device->device_data; @@ -913,13 +908,8 @@ static int snd_timer_dev_disconnect(struct snd_device *device) list_del_init(&timer->device_list); /* wake up pending sleepers */ list_for_each_entry(ti, &timer->open_list_head, open_list) { - /* FIXME: better to have a ti.disconnect() op */ - if (ti->ccallback == snd_timer_user_ccallback) { - struct snd_timer_user *tu = ti->callback_data; - - tu->disconnected = true; - wake_up(&tu->qchange_sleep); - } + if (ti->disconnect) + ti->disconnect(ti); } mutex_unlock(®ister_mutex); return 0; @@ -1227,6 +1217,14 @@ static void snd_timer_user_ccallback(struct snd_timer_instance *timeri, wake_up(&tu->qchange_sleep); } +static void snd_timer_user_disconnect(struct snd_timer_instance *timeri) +{ + struct snd_timer_user *tu = timeri->callback_data; + + tu->disconnected = true; + wake_up(&tu->qchange_sleep); +} + static void snd_timer_user_tinterrupt(struct snd_timer_instance *timeri, unsigned long resolution, unsigned long ticks) @@ -1600,6 +1598,7 @@ static int snd_timer_user_tselect(struct file *file, ? snd_timer_user_tinterrupt : snd_timer_user_interrupt; tu->timeri->ccallback = snd_timer_user_ccallback; tu->timeri->callback_data = (void *)tu; + tu->timeri->disconnect = snd_timer_user_disconnect; } __err: -- cgit v1.2.3