consciousness/src/store/persist.rs

// Persistence layer: load, save, replay, append, snapshot
//
// Three-tier loading strategy:
//   1. rkyv mmap snapshot (snapshot.rkyv) — ~4ms deserialize
//   2. bincode cache (state.bin) — ~10ms
//   3. capnp log replay — ~40ms
//
// Logs are append-only; cache staleness uses log file sizes, not mtimes.

use super::types::*;

use crate::memory_capnp;

use capnp::message;
use capnp::serialize;

use std::collections::HashMap;
use std::fs;
use std::io::{BufReader, BufWriter, Write as IoWrite};
use std::path::Path;

impl Store {
    /// Load store from state.bin cache if fresh, otherwise rebuild from capnp logs.
    ///
    /// Staleness check uses log file sizes (not mtimes). Since logs are
    /// append-only, any write grows the file, invalidating the cache.
    /// This avoids the mtime race that caused data loss with concurrent
    /// writers (dream loop, link audit, journal enrichment).
    pub fn load() -> Result<Store, String> {
        // 1. Try rkyv mmap snapshot (~4ms with deserialize, <1ms zero-copy)
        match Self::load_snapshot_mmap() {
            Ok(Some(store)) => return Ok(store),
            Ok(None) => {},
            Err(e) => eprintln!("rkyv snapshot: {}", e),
        }

        // 2. Try bincode state.bin cache (~10ms)
        let nodes_p = nodes_path();
        let rels_p = relations_path();
        let state_p = state_path();

        let nodes_size = fs::metadata(&nodes_p).map(|m| m.len()).unwrap_or(0);
        let rels_size = fs::metadata(&rels_p).map(|m| m.len()).unwrap_or(0);

        if let Ok(data) = fs::read(&state_p) {
            if data.len() >= CACHE_HEADER_LEN && data[..4] == CACHE_MAGIC {
                let cached_nodes = u64::from_le_bytes(data[4..12].try_into().unwrap());
                let cached_rels = u64::from_le_bytes(data[12..20].try_into().unwrap());

                if cached_nodes == nodes_size && cached_rels == rels_size {
                    if let Ok(mut store) = bincode::deserialize::<Store>(&data[CACHE_HEADER_LEN..]) {
                        // Rebuild uuid_to_key (skipped by serde)
                        for (key, node) in &store.nodes {
                            store.uuid_to_key.insert(node.uuid, key.clone());
                        }
                        store.loaded_nodes_size = nodes_size;
                        store.loaded_rels_size = rels_size;
                        // Bootstrap: write rkyv snapshot if missing
                        if !snapshot_path().exists() {
                            if let Err(e) = store.save_snapshot(cached_nodes, cached_rels) {
                                eprintln!("rkyv bootstrap: {}", e);
                            }
                        }
                        return Ok(store);
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        // Stale or no cache — rebuild from capnp logs
        let mut store = Store::default();

        if nodes_p.exists() {
            store.replay_nodes(&nodes_p)?;
        }
        if rels_p.exists() {
            store.replay_relations(&rels_p)?;
        }

        // Record log sizes after replay — this is the state we reflect
        store.loaded_nodes_size = fs::metadata(&nodes_p).map(|m| m.len()).unwrap_or(0);
        store.loaded_rels_size = fs::metadata(&rels_p).map(|m| m.len()).unwrap_or(0);

        // Drop edges referencing deleted/missing nodes
        store.relations.retain(|r|
            store.nodes.contains_key(&r.source_key) &&
            store.nodes.contains_key(&r.target_key)
        );

        store.save()?;
        Ok(store)
    }

    /// Replay node log, keeping latest version per UUID
    fn replay_nodes(&mut self, path: &Path) -> Result<(), String> {
        let file = fs::File::open(path)
            .map_err(|e| format!("open {}: {}", path.display(), e))?;
        let mut reader = BufReader::new(file);

        while let Ok(msg) = serialize::read_message(&mut reader, message::ReaderOptions::new()) {
            let log = msg.get_root::<memory_capnp::node_log::Reader>()
                .map_err(|e| format!("read node log: {}", e))?;
            for node_reader in log.get_nodes()
                .map_err(|e| format!("get nodes: {}", e))? {
                let node = Node::from_capnp(node_reader)?;
                let existing_version = self.nodes.get(&node.key)
                    .map(|n| n.version)
                    .unwrap_or(0);
                if node.version >= existing_version {
                    if node.deleted {
                        self.nodes.remove(&node.key);
                        self.uuid_to_key.remove(&node.uuid);
                    } else {
                        self.uuid_to_key.insert(node.uuid, node.key.clone());
                        self.nodes.insert(node.key.clone(), node);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        Ok(())
    }

    /// Replay relation log, keeping latest version per UUID
    fn replay_relations(&mut self, path: &Path) -> Result<(), String> {
        let file = fs::File::open(path)
            .map_err(|e| format!("open {}: {}", path.display(), e))?;
        let mut reader = BufReader::new(file);

        // Collect all, then deduplicate by UUID keeping latest version
        let mut by_uuid: HashMap<[u8; 16], Relation> = HashMap::new();

        while let Ok(msg) = serialize::read_message(&mut reader, message::ReaderOptions::new()) {
            let log = msg.get_root::<memory_capnp::relation_log::Reader>()
                .map_err(|e| format!("read relation log: {}", e))?;
            for rel_reader in log.get_relations()
                .map_err(|e| format!("get relations: {}", e))? {
                let rel = Relation::from_capnp(rel_reader)?;
                let existing_version = by_uuid.get(&rel.uuid)
                    .map(|r| r.version)
                    .unwrap_or(0);
                if rel.version >= existing_version {
                    by_uuid.insert(rel.uuid, rel);
                }
            }
        }

        self.relations = by_uuid.into_values()
            .filter(|r| !r.deleted)
            .collect();
        Ok(())
    }

    /// Append nodes to the log file.
    /// Serializes to a Vec first, then does a single write() syscall
    /// so the append is atomic with O_APPEND even without flock.
    pub fn append_nodes(&mut self, nodes: &[Node]) -> Result<(), String> {
        let _lock = StoreLock::acquire()?;

        let mut msg = message::Builder::new_default();
        {
            let log = msg.init_root::<memory_capnp::node_log::Builder>();
            let mut list = log.init_nodes(nodes.len() as u32);
            for (i, node) in nodes.iter().enumerate() {
                node.to_capnp(list.reborrow().get(i as u32));
            }
        }
        let mut buf = Vec::new();
        serialize::write_message(&mut buf, &msg)
            .map_err(|e| format!("serialize nodes: {}", e))?;

        let path = nodes_path();
        let file = fs::OpenOptions::new()
            .create(true).append(true).open(&path)
            .map_err(|e| format!("open {}: {}", path.display(), e))?;
        use std::io::Write;
        (&file).write_all(&buf)
            .map_err(|e| format!("write nodes: {}", e))?;

        self.loaded_nodes_size = file.metadata().map(|m| m.len()).unwrap_or(0);
        Ok(())
    }

    /// Append relations to the log file.
    /// Single write() syscall for atomic O_APPEND.
    pub fn append_relations(&mut self, relations: &[Relation]) -> Result<(), String> {
        let _lock = StoreLock::acquire()?;

        let mut msg = message::Builder::new_default();
        {
            let log = msg.init_root::<memory_capnp::relation_log::Builder>();
            let mut list = log.init_relations(relations.len() as u32);
            for (i, rel) in relations.iter().enumerate() {
                rel.to_capnp(list.reborrow().get(i as u32));
            }
        }
        let mut buf = Vec::new();
        serialize::write_message(&mut buf, &msg)
            .map_err(|e| format!("serialize relations: {}", e))?;

        let path = relations_path();
        let file = fs::OpenOptions::new()
            .create(true).append(true).open(&path)
            .map_err(|e| format!("open {}: {}", path.display(), e))?;
        use std::io::Write;
        (&file).write_all(&buf)
            .map_err(|e| format!("write relations: {}", e))?;

        self.loaded_rels_size = file.metadata().map(|m| m.len()).unwrap_or(0);
        Ok(())
    }

    /// Save the derived cache with log size header for staleness detection.
    /// Uses atomic write (tmp + rename) to prevent partial reads.
    pub fn save(&self) -> Result<(), String> {
        let _lock = StoreLock::acquire()?;

        let path = state_path();
        if let Some(parent) = path.parent() {
            fs::create_dir_all(parent).ok();
        }

        // Use log sizes from load time, not current filesystem sizes.
        // If another writer appended since we loaded, our recorded size
        // will be smaller than the actual log → next reader detects stale
        // cache and replays the (correct, append-only) log.
        let nodes_size = self.loaded_nodes_size;
        let rels_size = self.loaded_rels_size;

        let bincode_data = bincode::serialize(self)
            .map_err(|e| format!("bincode serialize: {}", e))?;

        let mut data = Vec::with_capacity(CACHE_HEADER_LEN + bincode_data.len());
        data.extend_from_slice(&CACHE_MAGIC);
        data.extend_from_slice(&nodes_size.to_le_bytes());
        data.extend_from_slice(&rels_size.to_le_bytes());
        data.extend_from_slice(&bincode_data);

        // Atomic write: tmp file + rename
        let tmp_path = path.with_extension("bin.tmp");
        fs::write(&tmp_path, &data)
            .map_err(|e| format!("write {}: {}", tmp_path.display(), e))?;
        fs::rename(&tmp_path, &path)
            .map_err(|e| format!("rename {} → {}: {}", tmp_path.display(), path.display(), e))?;

        // Also write rkyv snapshot (mmap-friendly)
        if let Err(e) = self.save_snapshot(nodes_size, rels_size) {
            eprintln!("rkyv snapshot save: {}", e);
        }

        Ok(())
    }

    /// Serialize store as rkyv snapshot with staleness header.
    /// Assumes StoreLock is already held by caller.
    fn save_snapshot(&self, nodes_size: u64, rels_size: u64) -> Result<(), String> {
        let snap = Snapshot {
            nodes: self.nodes.clone(),
            relations: self.relations.iter().filter(|r| !r.deleted).cloned().collect(),
            gaps: self.gaps.clone(),
            params: self.params,
        };

        let rkyv_data = rkyv::to_bytes::<_, 256>(&snap)
            .map_err(|e| format!("rkyv serialize: {}", e))?;

        let mut data = Vec::with_capacity(RKYV_HEADER_LEN + rkyv_data.len());
        data.extend_from_slice(&RKYV_MAGIC);
        data.extend_from_slice(&1u32.to_le_bytes());  // format version
        data.extend_from_slice(&nodes_size.to_le_bytes());
        data.extend_from_slice(&rels_size.to_le_bytes());
        data.extend_from_slice(&(rkyv_data.len() as u64).to_le_bytes());
        data.extend_from_slice(&rkyv_data);

        let path = snapshot_path();
        let tmp_path = path.with_extension("rkyv.tmp");
        fs::write(&tmp_path, &data)
            .map_err(|e| format!("write {}: {}", tmp_path.display(), e))?;
        fs::rename(&tmp_path, &path)
            .map_err(|e| format!("rename: {}", e))?;

        Ok(())
    }

    /// Try loading store from mmap'd rkyv snapshot.
    /// Returns None if snapshot is missing or stale (log sizes don't match).
    fn load_snapshot_mmap() -> Result<Option<Store>, String> {
        let path = snapshot_path();
        if !path.exists() { return Ok(None); }

        let nodes_size = fs::metadata(nodes_path()).map(|m| m.len()).unwrap_or(0);
        let rels_size = fs::metadata(relations_path()).map(|m| m.len()).unwrap_or(0);

        let file = fs::File::open(&path)
            .map_err(|e| format!("open {}: {}", path.display(), e))?;

        let mmap = unsafe { memmap2::Mmap::map(&file) }
            .map_err(|e| format!("mmap {}: {}", path.display(), e))?;

        if mmap.len() < RKYV_HEADER_LEN { return Ok(None); }
        if mmap[..4] != RKYV_MAGIC { return Ok(None); }

        // [4..8] = version, skip for now
        let cached_nodes = u64::from_le_bytes(mmap[8..16].try_into().unwrap());
        let cached_rels = u64::from_le_bytes(mmap[16..24].try_into().unwrap());
        let data_len = u64::from_le_bytes(mmap[24..32].try_into().unwrap()) as usize;

        if cached_nodes != nodes_size || cached_rels != rels_size {
            return Ok(None); // stale
        }
        if mmap.len() < RKYV_HEADER_LEN + data_len {
            return Ok(None); // truncated
        }

        let rkyv_data = &mmap[RKYV_HEADER_LEN..RKYV_HEADER_LEN + data_len];

        // SAFETY: we wrote this file ourselves via save_snapshot().
        // Skip full validation (check_archived_root) — the staleness header
        // already confirms this snapshot matches the current log state.
        let archived = unsafe { rkyv::archived_root::<Snapshot>(rkyv_data) };

        let snap: Snapshot = <ArchivedSnapshot as rkyv::Deserialize<Snapshot, rkyv::Infallible>>
            ::deserialize(archived, &mut rkyv::Infallible).unwrap();

        let mut store = Store {
            nodes: snap.nodes,
            relations: snap.relations,
            gaps: snap.gaps,
            params: snap.params,
            ..Default::default()
        };

        // Rebuild uuid_to_key (not serialized)
        for (key, node) in &store.nodes {
            store.uuid_to_key.insert(node.uuid, key.clone());
        }
        store.loaded_nodes_size = nodes_size;
        store.loaded_rels_size = rels_size;

        Ok(Some(store))
    }
}